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Objective: The objectives of this study are twofold: first, to visualize the structure of malformed cochleae through image reconstruction; and second, to develop a predictive model for postoperative outcomes of cochlear implantation (CI) in patients diagnosed with cochlear hypoplasia (CH) and incomplete partition (IP) malformation. Methods: The clinical data from patients diagnosed with cochlear hypoplasia (CH) and incomplete partition (IP) malformation who underwent cochlear implantation (CI) at Beijing Tongren Hospital between January 2016 and August 2020 were collected. Radiological features were analyzed through 3D segmentation of the cochlea. Postoperative auditory speech rehabilitation outcomes were evaluated using the Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP) and the Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cochlear parameters and postoperative outcomes. Additionally, a predictive model for postoperative outcomes was developed using the K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm. Results: In our study, we conducted feature selection by using patients' imaging and audiological attributes. This process involved methods such as the removal of missing values, correlation analysis, and chi-square tests. The findings indicated that two specific features, cochlear volume (V) and cochlear canal length (CDL), significantly contributed to predicting the outcomes of hearing and speech rehabilitation for patients with inner ear malformations. In terms of hearing rehabilitation, the KNN classification achieved an accuracy of 93.3%. Likewise, for speech rehabilitation, the KNN classification demonstrated an accuracy of 86.7%. Conclusion: The measurements obtained from the 3D reconstruction model hold significant clinical relevance. Despite the considerable variability in cochlear morphology across individuals, radiological features remain effective in predicting cochlear implantation (CI) prognosis for patients with inner ear malformations. The utilization of 3D segmentation techniques and the developed predictive model can assist surgeons in conducting preoperative cochlear structural measurements for patients with inner ear malformations. This, in turn, can offer a more informed perspective on the anticipated outcomes of cochlear implantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time‐based prospective memory (TBPM) is the ability to remember to do a planned task at the right time. In social interactions, people are often motivated to do things for others, which reflects an important factor that influences prospective memory, namely prosocial motivation. According to the motivational cognitive model, prosocial motivation promotes TBPM by paying more attention or adopting more effective strategies. This study explored the effect of prosocial motivation on TBPM under different time‐monitoring conditions within the motivational cognitive model framework. One hundred and thirty‐one university students participated in this experiment that adopted a 2 (groups: control, prosocial motivation) × 2 (viewing time conditions: limited, unlimited) between‐subjects design. The results revealed that the prosocial motivation group had better TBPM performance than the control group under both limited and unlimited viewing time conditions. At the same time, compared with the control group, the prosocial motivation group consumed more internal attention and utilized more strategies under both viewing time conditions, and their external attention was more effective. In addition, the external attention of the prosocial motivation group was higher only when time‐monitoring was unlimited. The results of this study further extend knowledge of the motivational cognitive model and expand its scope of application, which has theoretical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid‐state glass nanopipettes provide a promising confined space that offers several advantages such as controllable size, simple preparation, low cost, good mechanical stability, and good thermal stability. These advantages make them an ideal choice for various applications such as biosensors, DNA sequencing, and drug delivery. In this review, we first delve into the functionalized nanopipettes for sensing various analytes and the methods used to develop detection means with them. Next, we provide an in‐depth overview of the advanced functionalization methodologies of nanopipettes based on diversified chemical kinetics. After that, we present the latest state‐of‐the‐art achievements and potential applications in detecting a wide range of targets, including ions, molecules, biological macromolecules, and single cells. We examine the various challenges that arise when working with these targets, as well as the innovative solutions developed to overcome them. The final section offers an in‐depth overview of the current development status, newest trends, and application prospects of sensors. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the current state‐of‐the‐art functionalized nanopipette perception sensing and development of detection means and offers valuable insights into the prospects for this exciting field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The intricate etiology of autoimmune liver disease (AILD) involves genetic, environmental, and other factors that yet to be completely elucidated. This study comprehensively assessed the causal association between genetically predicted modifiable risk factors and AILD by employing Mendelian randomization. Methods: Genetic variants associated with 29 exposure factors were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Genetic association data with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) were also obtained from publicly available GWAS. Univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors for AILD. Results: Genetically predicted rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (OR = 1.620, 95%CI 1.423–1.843, P = 2.506 × 10− 13) was significantly associated with an increased risk of AIH. Genetically predicted smoking initiation (OR = 1.637, 95%CI 1.055–2.540, P = 0.028), lower coffee intake (OR = 0.359, 95%CI 0.131–0.985, P = 0.047), cholelithiasis (OR = 1.134, 95%CI 1.023–1.257, P = 0.017) and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR = 1.397, 95%CI 1.094–1.784, P = 0.007) were suggestively associated with an increased risk of AIH. Genetically predicted inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (OR = 1.212, 95%CI 1.127–1.303, P = 2.015 × 10− 7) and RA (OR = 1.417, 95%CI 1.193–1.683, P = 7.193 × 10− 5) were significantly associated with increased risk of PBC. Genetically predicted smoking initiation (OR = 1.167, 95%CI 1.005–1.355, P = 0.043), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (OR = 1.086, 95%CI 1.017–1.160, P = 0.014) and higher CRP (OR = 1.199, 95%CI 1.019–1.410, P = 0.028) were suggestively associated with an increased risk of PBC. Higher vitamin D3 (OR = 0.741, 95%CI 0.560–0.980, P = 0.036) and calcium (OR = 0.834, 95%CI 0.699–0.995, P = 0.044) levels were suggestive protective factors for PBC. Genetically predicted smoking initiation (OR = 0.630, 95%CI 0.462–0.860, P = 0.004) was suggestively associated with a decreased risk of PSC. Genetically predicted IBD (OR = 1.252, 95%CI 1.164–1.346, P = 1.394 × 10− 9), RA (OR = 1.543, 95%CI 1.279–1.861, P = 5.728 × 10− 6) and lower glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (OR = 0.268, 95%CI 0.141–0.510, P = 6.172 × 10− 5) were positively associated with an increased risk of PSC. Conclusions: Evidence on the causal relationship between 29 genetically predicted modifiable risk factors and the risk of AIH, PBC, and PSC is provided by this study. These findings provide fresh perspectives on the management and prevention strategies for AILD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autophagy, a conserved cellular recycling process, plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis under stress conditions. It also regulates the development and virulence of numerous filamentous fungi. In this study, we investigated the specific function of ATG8, a reliable autophagic marker, in the opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus flavus. To investigate the role of atg8 in A. flavus, the deletion and complemented mutants of atg8 were generated according to the homologous recombination principle. Deletion of atg8 showed a significant decrease in conidiation, spore germination, and sclerotia formation compared to the WT and atg8C strains. Additionally, aflatoxin production was found severely impaired in the ∆atg8 mutant. The stress assays demonstrated that ATG8 was important for A. flavus response to oxidative stress. The fluorescence microscopy showed increased levels of reactive oxygen species in the ∆atg8 mutant cells, and the transcriptional result also indicated that genes related to the antioxidant system were significantly reduced in the ∆atg8 mutant. We further found that ATG8 participated in regulating the pathogenicity of A. flavus on crop seeds. These results revealed the biological role of ATG8 in A. flavus, which might provide a potential target for the control of A. flavus and AFB1 biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the variation in the effects of pertussis toxin on the muscarinic regulation of calcium and potassium ions in frog cardiac myocytes. Differences in the ability of acetylcholine (ACh) to inhibit beta-agonist stimulated calcium and potassium currents in frog atrial myocytes; Mediation by G protein of the activation of calcium current.

The reaction of the base-stabilizedsilyliumylidene triflate [LSi(DMAP)]OTf(1·OTf; L = PhC(NtBu)2, DMAP = 4-dimethylaminopyridine) with [Rh(cod)Cl]2and W(CO)5THF afforded [{L(DMAP)Si}2{μ-Rh(μ-Cl)2Rh(cod)}](OTf)2(2) and [L(DMAP)Si→W(CO)5]OTf (3), respectively. Their crystal structures determined by X-ray crystallography showthat the silyliumylidene cation acts as a two-electron donor coordinatingto the rhodium and tungsten atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nucleic acids are not only genetic information carriers but also powerful building blocks for signal amplification. Among the amplification strategies based on nucleic acids, entropy-driven circuit (EDC) is considered as a milestone in the field of DNA circuits, which is driven by entropy augmentation of additionally released molecules instead of enthalpy gain of base-pair formation. Apart from nonenzymatic and isothermal features, EDC has the promising advantages of rapidness, simplicity, robustness and modularity. Consequently, a variety of studies related to EDC have been reported over the past decade. However, until now, there is not a symmetric review about EDC in biosensing. Therefore, in this review, we make a comprehensive and in-depth summarization of the mechanism, diversified development of EDC with objective discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and the applications of EDC-based biosensors. Finally, the challenges and prospects of this rapidly developing area are also presented. • A comprehensive and in-depth overview of EDC is first provided. • The fundamental and new diversified development of EDC are summarized. • The bioanalytical application of EDC-based biosensors is discussed. • The challenges and future development trends of EDC based biosensors are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the mortality, amputation and complication rates in patients with peripheral lower limb arterial disease undergoing bypass surgery with or without a prior history of endovascular operation. A systematic literature screen was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines on four academic databases, Medline, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Out of 1,072 records, six articles involving 11,420 patients (mean age, 68.1±2.0 years) met the inclusion criteria. The findings presented a 2b level of evidence (i.e. overall evidence represents data from individual cohort study or low quality randomized controlled trials) and suggested lower mortality, amputation and complication rates for patients undergoing bypass surgery without any history of endovascular operation, compared with those with a history of prior endovascular operation. Moreover, a random-effect meta-analysis suggested a small, positive reduction in mortality (Hedge's g=0.08), amputation (Hedge's g=0.18) and complication rates (Hedge's g=0.05) for patients undergoing bypass surgery without any history of endovascular operation. Nevertheless, owing to the scarcity of high-quality data, further studies and randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of the seven major food crops grown worldwide. Cold stress often can cause protein expression pattern and substance contents variations for tuberous roots of sweetpotato during low-temperature storage. Recently, we developed proteometabolic profiles of the fresh sweetpotatoes (cv. Xinxiang) in an attempt to discern the cold stress-responsive mechanism of tuberous root crops during post-harvest storage. Results: For roots stored under 4 °C condition, the CI index, REC and MDA content in roots were significantly higher than them at control temperature (13 °C). The activities of SOD, CAT, APX, O2.- producing rate, proline and especially soluble sugar contents were also significantly increased. Most of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were implicated in pathways related to metabolic pathway, especially phenylpropanoids and followed by starch and sucrose metabolism. L-ascorbate peroxidase 3 and catalase were down-regulated during low temperature storage. α-amylase, sucrose synthase and fructokinase were significantly up-regulated in starch and sucrose metabolism, while β-glucosidase, glucose-1-phosphate adenylyl-transferase and starch synthase were opposite. Furthermore, metabolome profiling revealed that glucosinolate biosynthesis, tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis as well as protein digestion and absorption played a leading role in metabolic pathways of roots. Leucine, tryptophan, tyrosine, isoleucine and valine were all significantly up-regulated in glucosinolate biosynthesis. Conclusions: Our proteomic and metabolic profile analysis of sweetpotatoes stored at low temperature reveal that the antioxidant enzymes activities, proline and especially soluble sugar content were significantly increased. Most of the DEPs were implicated in phenylpropanoids and followed by starch and sucrose metabolism. The discrepancy between proteomic (L-ascorbate peroxidase 3 and catalase) and biochemical (CAT/APX activity) data may be explained by higher H2O2 levels and increased ascorbate redox states, which enhanced the CAT/APX activity indirectly. Glucosinolate biosynthesis played a leading role in metabolic pathways. Leucine, tryptophan, tyrosine, isoleucine and valine were all significantly up-regulated in glucosinolate biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A sensor array for the discrimination of metal ions and drinking waters. • Two novel functionalized fluorescent perylene probes were utilized. • The sensor array is based on perylene monomer-excimer emission transition. A new type of sensor array is developed for the highly efficient differential sensing of metal ions and drinking waters. Two functionalized fluorescent perylene probes (Pery-1 and Pery-2) were employed. These probes could interact with metal ions via electrostatic and coordinate bonding interactions. As a result, the probe monomer fluorescence was quenched, and the appearance of distinct excimer emission was observed. Depending on the metal ion used, various degrees of quenching of probe monomer fluorescence, and the generation of excimer emission were observed. For example, quenching of monomer fluorescence was observed when Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions were tested. However, quenching of monomer fluorescence and generation of excimer fluorescence were both observed when Pb2+, Zn2+ and Al3+ ions were employed. And it was also observed that Ni2+, Mn2+ and Cr3+ ions interacted differently with Pery-1 and Pery-2. These differences formed the basis of the metal ion sensor array. The sensor array was used for differentiation of eleven metal ions, and it was also capable of discrimination of metal ions at different concentrations, as well as the discrimination of metal ion mixtures. The array was further successfully used for the distinction of drinking waters, different brands of commercial mineral water, and evaluation of the quality of drinking water. We envisage that the monomer and excimer emission transition of the perylene probe could be easily adopted for efficient sensor array development for various sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cochlear implantation is safe for simple case presentations. However, facial nerve (FN) aberrations may impede insertion of the electrode through a round window and increase the risk of iatrogenic FN injury. We developed a novel method of cochlear implantation, a present the case of a child with FN aberrations. Inferior displacement of a horizontal segment of FN lay on the surface of th e promontory, obscuring the round window. The oval window was used and the electrode successfully inserted. No postoperative complications occurred, and significant improvement in speech perception was achieved. This novel approach is suitable for patients with FN aberrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thereaction of transient [MeP-W(CO)5] with norbornene givesthe two corresponding exophosphiranes with W synor antito the norbornane bridge. The syncomplex is selectively decomplexed by carbon monoxideat 120 °C under 50 bar. Both complexes are easily cleaved byPd(OAc)2at room temperature to give [MeP(OAc)2)]W(CO)5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Readily-available triarylphosphines are explored as organocatalysts for the hydroarsination reaction. When compared to transition metal catalysis, phosphine organocatalysis greatly improved solvent compatibility of the hydroarsination of nitrostyrenes. Upon complete conversion, arsine products were isolated in up to 99% yield while up to 48% of the phosphine catalyst was still active. A mechanism was proposed and structure-activity analysis regarding catalyst activity concluded that sterically-bulkier catalysts were effective at minimizing catalyst deactivation. Image 1 • Air-stable triarylphosphine catalysts for the hydroarsination reaction. • Catalysis compatible with non-alcoholic solvents. • Arsine-mediated phosphine oxidation observed. • Organophosphine catalysis mechanistically different from transition metal catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel fluorescence peptide-based chemsensor L was designed and synthesized to identify Cu2+ and H 2 S with a high selectivity. • L can detect the presence of Cu2+and H 2 S with a notable fluorescence on-off-on behavior. • L shows good water solubility, low biotoxicity, and can achieving biological sensing in living cells. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), like CO and NO, is an endogenous gas signal molecule that can play a vital role in many physiological processes. Therefore, it's of great significance to study the efficient and sensitive imaging technology of H 2 S in vivo. Copper is an essential trace element in the human body that is very important for many cellular functions and related metabolic processes. In this study we report the design of a peptide L (FITC-Ahx-His-Glu-Phe-His-NH 2) that can act as an "On-Off-On" fluorescent chemical sensor to detect Cu2+ and S2−, and cysteine (Cys) and glutathione (GSH) can also replace Cu2+ from L -Cu system. The capability of this peptide fluorescent probe to detect H 2 S in HeLa cells is also evaluated. Image, graphical abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and efficient fluorometric sensing method is developed for the rapid detection of nitroaromatic explosives, based on the quenching of monomer and excimer emission of benzo[ghi]perylene and coronene. The ratiometric method (I E /I M) offers a linear response as a function of the concentration of picric acid (PA, i.e. 2,4,6-trinitrophenol), which is used as a model example of the nitroaromatic compounds (NOCs). The detection range is observed to be 0.1–120 μM of PA (22.9 ppb–27.5 ppm). The bright emission of the stable probe excimer and monomer can be easily distinguished under UV lamp from the quenched solution with nitro-aromatic molecules that enables naked-eye detection of nitro-aromatic explosives. The fluorescent paper strips prepared by embedding the probes on the surface of the paper are used for fast, portable and selective detection of NOCs. Our optimized methods can easily detect and quantify NOCs down to 0.1 μM. The sensing process is free of commonly encountered interferences such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), acids, bases, oxygen, and salt solutions. Nitroaromatic explosives sensing via probe fluorometric assay and fluorescent paper strips visual detection. Image 1 • A simple and efficient fluorometric sensing method was developed for the rapid detection of nitro-aromatic explosives. • Fluorescence quenching of monomer and excimer emission of benzo[ghi]perylene and coronene was used as probe. • Ratiometric method (I E /I M) offered a linear response of detection in the range of 0.1–120 μM. • The quenching of bright emission of probe excimer and monomer enabled naked-eye detection of explosives. • The fluorescent paper strips were prepared for the fast, portable and selective detection of NOCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monitoring and imaging the requirements of heavy metal ions in organisms are very strict, so biologists and chemists wishfully expect powerful probes to achieve. Herein, DnsP has been successfully designed and synthesized using a highly biocompatible and low biotoxic peptide backbone as an ionophore to selectively detect Zn2+ and Cu2+ in aqueous solution in different response modes. In addition, the DnsP-Cu2+ system has high selectivity for H 2 S and can restore the fluorescence of DnsP for the detection of S2−. Finally, DnsP demonstrated excellent cell permeation and low biological toxicity for biosensing in cellular and zebrafish. Therefore, DnsP represents a prominent peptide fluorescence chemosensor, capable of multifunctional analyte detection and continuous response imaging in environmental and biological systems. • Designed peptide-based fluorescence chemosensor DnsP detects heavy metal ions by different responses. • DnsP has excellent water solubility and biocompatibility, low biotoxicity. • DnsP has been successfully used for imaging in living cells and zebrafish larvae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The mustache toad, Vibrissaphora ailaonica , is endemic to China and belongs to the Megophryidae family. Like other mustache toad species, V. ailaonica males temporarily develop keratinized nuptial spines on their upper jaw during each breeding season, which fall off at the end of the breeding season. This feature is likely result of the reversal of sexual dimorphism in body size, with males being larger than females. A high-quality reference genome for the mustache toad would be invaluable to investigate the genetic mechanism underlying these repeatedly developing keratinized spines. Findings To construct the mustache toad genome, we generated 225 Gb of short reads and 277 Gb of long reads using Illumina and Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) sequencing technologies, respectively. Sequencing data were assembled into a 3.53-Gb genome assembly, with a contig N50 length of 821 kb. We also used high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technology to identify contacts between contigs, then assembled contigs into scaffolds and assembled a genome with 13 chromosomes and a scaffold N50 length of 412.42 Mb. Based on the 26,227 protein-coding genes annotated in the genome, we analyzed phylogenetic relationships between the mustache toad and other chordate species. The mustache toad has a relatively higher evolutionary rate and separated from a common ancestor of the marine toad, bullfrog, and Tibetan frog 206.1 million years ago. Furthermore, we identified 201 expanded gene families in the mustache toad, which were mainly enriched in immune pathway, keratin filament, and metabolic processes. Conclusions Using Illumina, PacBio, and Hi-C technologies, we constructed the first high-quality chromosome-level mustache toad genome. This work not only offers a valuable reference genome for functional studies of mustache toad traits but also provides important chromosomal information for wider genome comparisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of animal husbandry, animal food safety issues are increasingly exposed. Detecting pathogenic bacteria and residual antibiotics in animal food is of great significance for the early detection and regulation of harmful substances that threaten food safety. However, developing a fluorescent sensor that can detect both pathogenic bacteria and antibiotics is challenging. In this study, an interesting dual-channel ratiometric nanoprobe (CDs-Eu) based on europium-functionalized carbon dots was developed to realize the visual detection of Bacillus anthracis marker (DPA) and tetracycline antibiotics (TC) in a water environment under different excitation channels. This method had high sensitivity, comprehensive response range, anti-interference ability, and visualization for detecting DPA and TC. Combined with intelligent phone color scanning applications, a portable agarose gel nanosensor was designed to achieve multicolor on-site assessment of DPA and TC. In addition, an advanced three-to-six logic gate analysis method was also developed, which was expected to achieve intelligent sensing of DPA and TC in food safety. • A dual-channel ratiometric nanoprobe based on europium and carbon dots. • Realization of TC and DPA visual sensing through two channels. • Combined application of gelled detection device and intelligent APP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on parental burnout has focused more on its antecedents than on its consequences. Burned-out parents may experience a series of behavioral changes, negatively affecting their children's physical and mental development. This study examined the effects of primary caregivers' parental burnout on adolescents' development and the mediating role of negative parenting styles. This study used a time-lagged design, and data were collected at three different time points. Adolescents were asked to identify their primary caregivers, and parents were asked whether they were the primary caregivers of their children. Thereafter, paired data from the children and primary caregivers were collected. A total of 317 junior middle school students (178 boys, Mage = 14.20 ± 0.8 years) and primary caregivers (71 fathers, Mage = 42.20 ± 4.53 years) from Henan province participated. Primary caregivers' parental burnout was positively associated with negative parenting styles, and negative parenting styles mediated the relationship between parental burnout and adolescent development. From the perspective of prevention-focused interventions, it is necessary to focus on preventing the occurrence of parental burnout. Further, parents should try to avoid using abusive behaviors toward their children and neglecting them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adolescents' mental health literacy is a topic of growing interest and studies have begun to explore the factors that influence adolescents' mental health literacy. This study investigated the relationship between parents' mental health literacy and adolescents' mental health literacy, as well as the mediating roles of parent-child relationship, and the moderating roles of school mental health service. Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to adolescents and their parents at two time points with an interval of one month. In the first survey, 835 parents completed a mental health literacy scale and a parent-child relationship scale. In the second, 841 adolescents completed a school mental health service questionnaire and an adolescent mental health literacy assessment questionnaire. A total of 617 paired data points were matched (parents' age: M = 40.47, SD = 5.10; adolescents' age: M = 13.34, SD = 0.99). Results: Bootstrapping results showed that parents' mental health literacy was positively associated with adolescents' mental health literacy. In addition, parent-child intimacy mediated the relationship between parents' mental health literacy and adolescents' mental health literacy. School mental health service moderated the relationship between parents' mental health literacy and parent-child intimacy and adolescents' mental health literacy. Conclusion: Intergenerational transmission of mental health literacy from parents to adolescents and its conditions were revealed. These findings provide new insights for the intervention of adolescents' mental health literacy, and may lead future research to investigate the role of parents within the family context, as well as the influence of home-school cooperation on adolescents' mental health literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sodium bisulfite is a food additive, and its excessive intake can be harmful to human health. In this work, a new method for detecting bisulfite was developed based on the Etch-Cu-HCF nanozyme with enhanced polyphenol oxidase-like (PPO-like) activity. The Etch-Cu-HCF nanozyme was obtained from the ammonia erosion of the Cu-HCF nanozyme, and its PPO-like activity was enhanced by nearly 100% than that of the Cu-HCF nanozyme. It is possible that the Cu/Fe ratio of Etch-Cu-HCF increased after ammonia etching and more copper active sites were exposed. In addition, based on the PPO-like activity of the Etch-Cu-HCF nanozyme, 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DP) can be oxidized to its corresponding quinone-like product, which can combine with 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AP) to obtain colorful products with UV absorption at 510 nm. However, the quinone-like product can be consumed by bisulfite via an addition reaction, which reduces the binding of the quinone-like product to 4-AP, resulting in a decrease in the UV absorbance of the system at 510 nm. Therefore, a new method for the detection of bisulfite was developed. The detecting range was 0–50 μM, and the detecting limit was 0.47 μM. The method has good selectivity and was successfully applied for the analysis of bisulfite in food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tea is one of the most popular drinks worldwide. In the process of tea planting, for controlling pests, a variety of pesticides are usually applied. Therefore, pesticide residues and their metabolites in tea leaves, as well as their adverse effects on tea drinkers' health, are becoming increasingly concerning. The tea-leaf matrix is very complex because it is rich in organic acids, polyphenols, natural pigments, catechins, flavonols, metallic/non-metallic elements, and other unconfirmed substances. Hence, it is a great challenge to conduct multi-residue analysis of pesticides in tea samples. Researchers worldwide have been devoted to the development of multi-residue analytical methods for pesticide detection in tea and have made great progress in recent years. In this review, the recent advances in the multi-residue analysis of pesticides in tea matrices, especially those regarding matrix effects and their elimination, sample preparation and detection techniques, were reviewed in depth, and future research directions were suggested as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dianionic cluster [Os10(µ6-C)(CO)24]2− reacts with excess SbX3 or p-tolylSbX2 to form the monoanionic clusters [Os10{µ4-Sb(p-tolyl)nX2-n}(µ6-C)(CO)24]− (n = 0; X = Cl, I; n = 1, X = Cl) via insertion into an Os–Os bond. Further insertion into an Os–Os bond occurs when they are reacted further with excess iodine. The chemistry and structure of these clusters can be understood in terms of the isolobal analogy between [Sb(p-tolyl)nX2-n)]+ and I+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circular RNA circSKA3 (spindle and kinetochore-related complex subunit 3) has been identified as a prognostic factor in ischemic stroke. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of circSKA3 with the risk of extracranial artery stenosis (ECAS) and plaque instability in patients with ischemic stroke. We constructed a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network regulated by circSKA3 based on differentially expressed circRNAs and mRNAs between five patients and five controls. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was performed on the 65 mRNAs within the network, revealing their primary involvement in inflammatory biological processes. A total of 284 ischemic stroke patients who underwent various imaging examinations were included for further analyses. Each 1 standard deviation increase in the log-transformed blood circSKA3 level was associated with a 56.3% increased risk of ECAS (P = 0.005) and a 142.1% increased risk of plaque instability (P = 0.005). Patients in the top tertile of circSKA3 had a 2.418-fold (P < 0.05) risk of ECAS compared to the reference group (P for trend = 0.02). CircSKA3 demonstrated a significant but limited ability to discriminate the presence of ECAS (AUC = 0.594, P = 0.015) and unstable carotid plaques (AUC = 0.647, P = 0.034). CircSKA3 improved the reclassification power for ECAS (NRI: 9.86%, P = 0.012; IDI: 2.97%, P = 0.007) and plaque instability (NRI: 36.73%, P = 0.008; IDI: 7.05%, P = 0.04) beyond conventional risk factors. CircSKA3 played an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke by influencing inflammatory biological processes. Increased circSKA3 was positively associated with the risk of ECAS and plaque instability among ischemic stroke patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the status of mental health literacy, overall adaptation, and mental health of university freshers, and to explore the influence of mental health literacy on the overall adaptation and mental health, as well as the mediating role of overall adaptation.Methods: The undergraduate freshers of 2022 from a comprehensive university in Henan Province were selected as the research participants using a cluster sampling method and were investigated by the general information questionnaire, mental health literacy scale (MHLS), the university student overall adaptation questionnaire (CSOAQ) and university personality inventory (UPI).Results: (1) The detection rate of mental health problems among freshers was 22.39%, and the mental health literacy (112.26 ± 9.66), overall adaptation (3.93 ± 0.93), mental health (10.90 ± 10.51) of freshers had significant differences in demographic variables. (2) Mental health literacy was significantly positively correlated with overall adaptation and mental health, and overall adaptation was significantly positively correlated with mental health. (3) Overall adaptation plays a mediating role in the impact of mental health literacy on mental health. (4) Gender plays a moderating role in the effects of overall adaptation on mental health.Conclusion: The mental health literacy of university freshers could not only directly predict their mental health but also indirectly affect their mental health through overall adaptation, which is more significant among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 1,2‐dihydrophosphination of bis(phenylphosphino)ethane with a wide range of activated olefins was achieved in a catalytic manner with enantiomeric and diastereomeric excess of up to >99% and 44% respectively. The protocol can be extended to selected substrates leading to free P‐ and C‐chiral 1,2‐diphosphines. The synthesized ligands can also undergo direct complexation onto palladium affording complexes with complete retention of stereo‐integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wild edible mushrooms can accumulate significantly elevated levels of mercury from the surrounding environment, which could be harmful to consumers' health. Speciation analysis of mercury in wild edible mushrooms aids in understanding the human exposure to these toxic compounds. In this study, we developed a high-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) method for the simultaneous determination of inorganic mercury (Hg(II)), methylmercury (MeHg), ethylmercury (EtHg), and phenylmercury (PhHg) in wild edible mushrooms. A rapid separation of four target mercury species was achieved within 11 min by a C8 column without utilizing high proportion of organic phase in HPLC. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of mercury in samples have been investigated. The proposed method showed good linearity within 0–50 μg/L with the detection and quantification limits of 0.6–4.5 μg/kg (S/N = 3), and 2.0–15 μg/kg (S/N = 10), respectively. This proposed method was successfully applied to the mercury speciation analysis in 7 varieties (95 samples) of wild edible mushrooms. The results indicated that in most mushroom samples, mercury mainly occurred as inorganic mercury. But there were two Tricholoma matsutakes, one contained 0.14 mg/kg of methylmercury, another contained 1.05 mg/kg of phenylmercury, which were higher than the maximum allowable content of total mercury in edible mushrooms in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A metal-free tandem double hydrophosphination of extended conjugated indandiones has been established. Mechanistic investigations confirmed the consecutive manner of the nucleophilic addition reaction. Complexation of the generated keto-diphosphine resulted in the formation of an unexpected tridentate bridging ligand with an anionic P,O-bidentate and a neutral P-monodentate coordination mode on two palladium units. In the presence of an external chiral auxiliary, the coordinated diphosphines could be separated into their enantiomeric forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we report the successful construction of two chiral porous metal-metallosalan frameworks (1 and 2) by using dipyridylfunctionalized chiral Al(salen) and Mn(salen) separately, and then a composite crystal MOF 3 was constructed with 1 inside, which was encapsulated by 2 outside. The resulting composite crystal appeared to be highly enantioselective for the alkene epoxidation/epoxide aminolysis reactions with a maximum ee of 97%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A wearable gloved probe based on Ag nanoparticles and rare earth. • A sensitive, efficient, and reliable method for TC sensing. • Ultrafast POCT detection of TC in various water and food samples. • Real-time rapid visual intelligent analysis of TC. The abuse of tetracycline antibiotics leads to accumulating residues in the human body, seriously affecting human health. Establishing a sensitive, efficient, and reliable method for qualitative and quantitative detection of tetracycline (TC) is necessary. This study integrated silver nanoclusters and europium-based materials into the same nano-detection system to construct a visual and rapid TC sensor with rich fluorescence color changes. The nanosensor has the advantages of a low detection limit (10.5 nM), high detection sensitivity, fast response, and wide linear range (0–30 μM), which can meet the analysis requirements of different types of food samples. In addition, portable devices based on paper and gloves were designed. Through the smartphone's chromaticity acquisition and calculation analysis application (APP), the real-time rapid visual intelligent analysis of TC in the sample can be realized, which guides the intelligent application of multicolor fluorescent nanosensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Due to the specificity of cochlear implantation (CI) programming parameters and outcomes in cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) patients, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between programming parameters and outcomes and further compare the difference between normal and CND groups. Methods: Ninety (95 ears) CND patients (normal cochlea, 39; malformed cochlea, 56) and seventy-nine (81 ears) normal cochlea patients who underwent CI surgery with either Med-El or Cochlear devices were included. The programming parameters and outcomes evaluated by the questionnaires were collected and compared among the normal CND, malformed CND, and normal groups in the two device groups, and their correlation was analyzed. Results: In the CND group, a reduced stimulation rate, higher pulse width, and triphasic pulse were needed in some cases. The stimulus levels of the CND group were significantly higher than that of the normal group (p < 0.05), but the outcomes of the CND group were significantly worse than that of the normal group (p < 0.05), and the stimulus level was significantly correlated with the outcomes (p < 0.05). However, there was no difference between normal and malformed CND groups. The non-auditory response was observed in the CND group, especially the ones with malformations. Conclusion: The CI programming parameters of some CND patients need to be adjusted, and a slower stimulation rate and higher pulse width are required sometimes. CND patients need a higher stimulus level than normal patients but their outcomes are poorer. Non-auditory response should be noticed in CND patients during programming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the fracture evolution of thermally damaged sandstone during loading, this paper carried out uniaxial compression tests on sandstone specimens after different temperature treatments and collected acoustic emission signals during loading. Based on the experimental results, the dynamic evolution of the rock fracture mode was analyzed, and the nonlinear characterization parameters were calculated. Finally, the influence of temperature on the rock fracture evolution was discussed. The results show that (1) the rock strength gradually increases with increasing treatment temperature from 25 to 400 ℃, and the failure process shows a “sudden” evolution characteristic; when the temperature exceeds 400 ℃, the rock strength gradually deteriorates, and the bearing process shows a “progressive” damage accumulation process. (2) When the temperature is lower than 400 ℃, tensile failure-induced cracks are significantly dominant during the rock failure process, while at treatment temperatures higher than 600 ℃, the proportion of shear cracks increases significantly, and the dominance of shear failure mode gradually appears with increasing temperature. (3) The nonlinear dynamic evolution process of the thermally damaged rock during loading includes the transformation between disorder and order. However, when approaching destruction, the sandstone undergoes a self-organizing evolutionary process from chaos to order, which is independent of temperature, indicating that the appearance of the macrofracture zone is the final indicator of the orderly development of the cracks. The research results can provide guidance for understanding the process of thermal damage to surrounding rock masses and analyzing their stability characteristics in engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As a chronic occupational disease, silicosis could cause irreversible and incurable impair to the lung. The current diagnosis of silicosis relies on imaging of X-ray or CT, but these methods cannot detect lung lesions in the early stage of silicosis. Objective: To establish a regular screening and early diagnosis methods for silicosis, which could be helpful for the prevention and treatment of silicosis. Methods: A total of 161 subjects were enrolled in the study, including 69 patients with silicosis (SILs) and 92 healthy controls. The exhaled breath samples of the subjects were collected with breath sampler and Tedlar bag. The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath was performed by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Results: After excluding the pollutants from sampling bags and instruments, 86 VOCs have been identified in the exhaled breath. The orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was employed for the screening of potential biomarkers of silicosis. Those components that related to smoking were also excluded from the biomarkers. Finally, nine possible biomarkers for silicosis were screened out, including 2,3-butanedione, ethyl acetate, chlorobenzene, o-cymene, 4-ethylhex-2-ynal, 3,5-dimethyl-3-heptanol, hydroquinone, phthalic anhydride and 5-(2-methylpropyl)nonane. Based on these biomarkers screened, a predicted model for silicosis was generated with the accuracy of 89.61%. Conclusion: The nine biomarkers in exhaled breath were preliminarily screened out for the early diagnosis of silicosis, which can be helpful to the establishment of a noninvasive screening method for silicosis. Follow-up studies should be conducted to further verify these markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlight • This review focuses on recent trends for arsenic speciation analysis in mushrooms. • We summarize the contents and distribution of arsenic species in mushrooms. • Methods of arsenic speciation analysis are systematically reviewed. • Purification, concentration and stability of arsenic species are briefly reviewed. Abstract Owing to the strong concentration and biotransformation of arsenic, the influence of some edible mushrooms on human health has attracted widespread attention. The toxicity of arsenic greatly depends on its species, so the speciation analysis of arsenic is of critical importance. The aim of the present review is to highlight recent advances in arsenic speciation analysis in edible mushrooms. We summarized the contents and distribution of arsenic species in some edible mushrooms, the methods of sample preparation, and the techniques for their identification and quantification. Stability of the arsenic species during sample pretreatment and storage is also briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • A ratiometric method of oxygen sensing has been developed using benzo[ghi]perylene and coronene as dual emissive, single component oxygen nano-sensors. • Construction of the sensors is simple and they displayed linear plots at a low probe concentration. • The fluorescence quenching of monomer was used as a signal and the excimer emission acted as an internal reference being unaffected by molecular oxygen. • The methods can be used to estimate dissolved oxygen in liquids and 5–100% of oxygen concentration in gaseous mixtures. Abstract The development of novel single molecular probe based optical ratiometric oxygen sensor with simple fabrication, high sensitivity, and linear response is highly desirable. Herein, benzo[ghi]perylene (BzP) and coronene (Cron) were explored as dual-emissive ratiometric oxygen nano-sensors that displayed linear plots at a low probe concentration (6 μM). The sensor fabrication was simple, and the probes exhibited efficient fluorescence quenching of monomer emission by molecular oxygen. However, the excimer emission of probe remained unaffected. Thus a ratiometric method is developed based on the dual emitting luminophore. The method can be used to estimate dissolved oxygen in liquids and 5–100% of oxygen concentration in gaseous mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The ruthenacyclic carbamoyl complexes [Ru (2-NHC(O)C 5 H 4 N) (CO) 2 (X) (NCMe)] (X = Cl, Br) (1) and [Ru (2-NHC(O)C 5 H 4 N) (CO) 2 (2-S-Py)] (2) undergo substitution reactions with organophosphines to afford derivatives which are prone to a redistribution of the phosphine ligand. We have studied these redistribution reactions experimentally and computationally, and proposed an essentially common reaction pathway. The results suggest that the carbamoyl ligand exerts a very strong trans effect. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Phosphine derivatives of ruthenacyclic carbamoyls prone to redistribution of the phosphine ligand. • Weakening of Ru-P bond due to very strong trans effect of carbamoyl ligand. • Proposed pathway involves a 16-electron intermediate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the periodic relationship of phosphines and arsines, is remodeling the catalytic asymmetric hydrophosphination reaction an efficient manner to develop the corresponding hydroarsination reaction? Herein, a chiral PCP-Pd(ii) pincer complex adept at generating enantioenriched phosphines was examined in the asymmetric hydroarsination reaction. Under distinct conditions, tertiary phosphines and arsines were generated in excellent yields (P: 96%, As: 91%) and ees (P: 90%, As: 85%). While secondary arsine reagents were not direct substitutes for the analogous phosphines, important parameters were identified which increased yield and ee of the hydroarsination reaction. Unlike the PCP-PdOAc pincer complex commonly used for hydrophosphinations, hydroarsination reactions involved a PCP-PdCl catalyst with 10 equiv. of CsF for optimal performance. Notable differences between the two reactions and their workup procedures were highlighted to guide further developments in the field. Lastly, respective mechanisms were proposed and contrasted for the activation of HEPh2 (E = P, As). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reactions of germylone 1 with one equivalent of [M(COD)Cl]2 (M = Ir, Rh) afforded the germylone-bridged bimetallic complexes 2 and 3, which have been spectroscopically and structurally characterized. Density functional theory (DFT) studies reveal the relatively strong interactions between the Ge atom and these metals. By the reaction of [Rh(COD)Cl]2 with CO followed by addition of 1, a complex 4 involving a Rh–Ge–Rh–Ge–Rh chain was also synthesized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ruthenacyclic carbamoyl complexes [RuX{2‐NHC(O)C5H3NR}(CO)2(NCMe)] (R = H and Me; X = Br and SC6H3‐o,o‐Me2) are excellent catalysts for the hydrolysis of organosilanes, particularly towards primary silanes, generating hydrogen under ambient conditions within seconds. These complexes are structural mimics of the [Fe]‐hydrogenase active site and like the natural enzyme, a labile ligand at the sixth coordination site is essential to the catalytic activity. Complexes [RuX{2‐NHC(O)C5H3NR}(CO)2(NCMe)] (R = H and Me; X = Br and SC6H3‐o,o‐Me2) are excellent catalysts for the hydrolysis of organosilanes, particularly towards primary silanes, generating hydrogen under ambient conditions within seconds. These complexes are structural mimics of the [Fe]‐hydrogenase cofactor; a labile ligand at the sixth coordination site is essential to the catalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal‐free activation of homoatomic E−E σ bonds (E=P, B) in white phosphorus (P4) and bis(catecholato)diboron (B2cat2) with a 1,2‐diboraallene 1 is reported. The 1:1 and 1:2 reactions of P4 with 1 afford BnP4 cages (2: n=2, 3: n=4), whereas a stoichiometric mixture of 1 and B2cat2 undergoes homonuclear catenation through the addition of the B−B σ bond of B2cat2 across the B=B double bond of 1 (i.e. diboration), which leads to the formation of a tetraborane (4) featuring a B4 chain. Metal‐free activation of homoatomic E−E σ bonds (E=P, B) in white phosphorus (P4) and bis(catecholato)diboron (B2cat2) with a 1,2‐diboraallene is reported. The former affords BnP4 cages (n=2, 4), whereas the latter leads to the formation of a tetraborane featuring a B4 chain through homonuclear catenation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal‐free activation of homoatomic E−E σ bonds (E=P, B) in white phosphorus (P4) and bis(catecholato)diboron (B2cat2) with a 1,2‐diboraallene 1 is reported. The 1:1 and 1:2 reactions of P4 with 1 afford BnP4 cages (2: n=2, 3: n=4), whereas a stoichiometric mixture of 1 and B2cat2 undergoes homonuclear catenation through the addition of the B−B σ bond of B2cat2 across the B=B double bond of 1 (i.e. diboration), which leads to the formation of a tetraborane (4) featuring a B4 chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract RAC produced with crushed recycled aggregate (RA) is regarded as an environmental friendly material, while its high water demand, high mortar content and low modulus have restricted its application. Scattering-filling coarse aggregate (SFCA) process was applied to prepare the recycled aggregate concrete with promoted performance. With the reference of conventional concrete and the scattering-filling natural aggregate (SFNA) concrete, the influences of ratio, type, size and moisture state of RA on mechanical and durable properties of scattering-filling recycled aggregate (SFRA) concrete were investigated. The results indicate that SFCA process could improve the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and reduce the drying shrinkage and chloride penetration. The frost resistance of SFRA is comparable with the conventional concrete. With 10–20 mm scattering-filling aggregate of RA, SFCA concretes get more significant improvement on elastic modulus and anti-permeability; Higher water content of RA worsen the performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) for water in the RA weakening ITZ; Furthermore, image processing analysis and microhardness indicated that SFCA process improve the properties by increasing the homogeneity of aggregate distribution and improving ITZ between the aggregate and cement paste in RAC. SFCA process provides an economic method to produce high-quality recycled aggregate concrete and an efficiently approach to the utilization of recycled concrete aggregate from Construction and Demolition waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cover picture shows the isolation of the first stable four‐coordinate silanechalcogenones comprising an acyclic amido substituent by a straightforward oxidation of the amidinato silicon(II) bis(trimethylsilyl)amide with chalcogens. In the background, the shadow of a lion represents Singapore, called “The Lion City”, whose name, incidentally, starts with the same two letters of the element symbol for silicon, and the three different colors of the “hair” of the lion represent the three chalcogens, S, Se, and Te. Details are discussed in the article by C.‐W. So et al. on p. 3821 ff. For more on the story behind the cover research, see the Cover Profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember to perform a planned event or activity at a specific time or situation in the future. Implementation intentions can promote a connection between PM cues and intended actions, thus improving an individual's PM performance. However, this simple and effective encoding strategy may also have negative effects. For example, an implementation intention may result in PM commission errors that occur when an individual makes a false PM response to repeated PM cues that are no longer relevant as the PM task has been completed. Existing studies have explored the effect of implementation intentions on PM commission errors under low cognitive load. However, the role of implementation intentions in promoting linkages between PM cues and actions tends to disintegrate under high cognitive loads. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effect of implementation intentions on PM commission errors under different cognitive load conditions. In this study, 58 college students participated in a mixed experimental design of 2 (encoding methods: implementation intention, standard) × 2 (cognitive load conditions: low, high). The results showed that implementation intentions promoted PM commission errors under the low-cognitive-load condition only, and there was no difference in the performance of ongoing tasks between the implementation intention encoding and the standard encoding conditions. However, individuals in the implementation intention condition reacted more slowly when encountering previous PM cues. The results suggest that the effect of implementation intentions on PM commission errors relies upon automated processing as a whole. However, individuals in the implementation intention condition required more attentional resources to suppress the no-longer-relevant intended actions when previous PM cues appeared, supporting the dual-mechanism theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focusing on a sample of fathers, this study examined the effects of two personality traits, agreeableness and neuroticism, on parental burnout, as well as the mediating role of parenting sense of competence and moderating effects of parental psychological flexibility. Data were collected from 263 fathers of middle-school children in central China, with questionnaires including the agreeableness and neuroticism subscales from the Big Five personality trait scale, Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, Parenting Psychological Flexibility scale, and Parental Burnout Assessment. To analyze the hypothesized moderated mediation model, bootstrapping analysis and structural equation modeling were performed. Results showed that agreeableness was negatively correlated with parental burnout, while neuroticism was positively correlated with parental burnout; both these relationships were partially mediated by parenting sense of competency. Further, psychological flexibility moderated the relationship between parenting sense of competence and parental burnout. When parenting psychological flexibility was low, parenting sense of competence was significantly related to parental burnout, while parenting psychological flexibility was high, parenting sense of competence was not related to parental burnout significantly. These preliminary findings provide theoretical guidance and an empirical basis for intervention strategies to prevent burnout among fathers. Highlights: Considering the increasing involvement of fathers in childcare and education, the present study examined the occurrence of parental burnout, and the result showed that the prevalence of fathers' parental burnout was estimated to be between 5.76% to 9.71%. Agreeableness and neuroticism were significantly associated with parental burnout, and the above relations were partially mediated by parenting sense of competence; further, the relation between parenting sense of competence and parental burnout was moderated by parental psychological flexibility. Parental psychological flexibility and parenting sense of competence had complementary effects on parental burnout, individuals can reduce their parental burnout if either is adequate. These results may provide a new perspective to the BR2 model that when individuals have enough resources, additional resources could not result in a lower occurrence of parental burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The S2 subunit serves a crucial role in infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection, particularly in facilitating membrane fusion. Using reverse genetic techniques, mutant strains of the S2 locus exhibited substantially different syncytium-forming abilities in chick embryonic kidney cells. To determine the precise formation mechanism of syncytium, we demonstrated the co-ordinated role of Abl2 and its mediated cytoskeletal regulatory pathway within the S2 subunit. Using a combination of fluorescence quantification, RNA silencing, and protein profiling techniques, the functional role of S2 subunits in IBV-infected cells was exhaustively determined. Our findings imply that Abl2 is not the primary cytoskeletal regulator, the viral S2 component is involved in indirect regulation, and the three different viral strains activate various cytoskeletal regulatory pathways through Abl2. CRK, CRKL, ABI1, NCKAP1, and ENAH also play a role in cytoskeleton regulation. Our research provides a point of reference for the development of an intracellular regulatory network for the S2 subunit and a foundation for the rational design of antiviral drug targets against Abl2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Based on ego depletion theory and interaction ritual theory, this research explores the impact of compulsory citizenship behavior on new-generation knowledge workers' job performance via the mediating role of ego depletion and the moderating role of relational energy employees experienced in interactions with coworkers. Methods: Two studies were conducted to explore the impact of compulsory citizenship behavior on job performance. Study 1 used a 10-day daily diary Survey (N=112) and Study 2 used a questionnaire survey conducted multiple times (N=356) to test the hypotheses. Results: The results of Study 1 and Study 2 were almost convergent. Compulsory citizenship behavior had a negative effect on job performance through the mediating effect of ego depletion. In addition, relational energy negatively moderated the effect of compulsory citizenship behavior on ego depletion and negatively moderated the mediating effect of ego depletion between compulsory citizenship behavior and job performance. Conclusion: The results deepen our understanding of the mechanism underlying the effect of compulsory citizenship behavior on job performance from the theoretical perspective of psychological energy, and also provide practical implications on how to manage new-generation knowledge employees' work behavior and job performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]