38 results on '"Cubas, Paloma"'
Search Results
2. Synthesis of CuCr2O4 by self-combustion method and photocatalytic activity in the degradation of Azo Dye with visible light
- Author
-
Cubas, Paloma de Jesus, Semkiw, Anaclaudia Witomski, Monteiro, Francielli Casanova, Los Weinert, Patrícia, Monteiro, João Frederico Haas Leandro, and Fujiwara, Sérgio Toshio
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Photocatalytic activity of BiFeO3 in pellet form synthetized using solid state reaction and modified Pechini method
- Author
-
Casanova Monteiro, Francielli, de Jesus Cubas, Paloma, Sena Kosera, Vitor, Haas Leandro Monteiro, João Frederico, and Fujiwara, Sérgio Toshio
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Genetic Variation and Relationships among Ulex (Fabaceae) Species in Southern Spain and Northern Morocco Assessed by Chloroplast Microsatellite (cpSSR) Markers
- Author
-
Cubas, Paloma and Pardo, Cristina
- Published
- 2005
5. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny
- Author
-
Azani, Nasim, Babineau, Marielle, Bailey, C. Donovan, Banks, Hannah, Barbosa, Ariane R., Pinto, Rafael Barbosa, Boatwright, James S., Borges, Leonardo M., Brown, Gillian K., Bruneau, Anne, Candido, Elisa, Cardoso, Domingos, Chung, Kuo-Fang, Clark, Ruth P., Conceição, Adilva de S., Crisp, Michael, Cubas, Paloma, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Dexter, Kyle G., Doyle, Jeff J., Duminil, Jérôme, Egan, Ashley N., Estrella, Manuel de la, Falcão, Marcus J., Filatov, Dmitry A., Fortuna-Perez, Ana Paula, Fortunato, Renée H., Gagnon, Edeline, Gasson, Peter, Rando, Juliana Gastaldello, de Azevedo Tozzi, Ana Maria Goulart, Gunn, Bee, Harris, David, Haston, Elspeth, Hawkins, Julie A., Herendeen, Patrick S., Hughes, Colin E., Iganci, João R.V., Javadi, Firouzeh, Kanu, Sheku Alfred, Kazempour-Osaloo, Shahrokh, Kite, Geoffrey C., Klitgaard, Bente B., Kochanovski, Fábio J., Koenen, Erik J.M., Kovar, Lynsey, Lavin, Matt, Roux, Marianne le, Lewis, Gwilym P., Lima, Haroldo C. de, López-Roberts, Maria Cristina, Mackinder, Barbara, Maia, Vitor Hugo, Malécot, Valéry, Mansano, Vidal F., Marazzi, Brigitte, Mattapha, Sawai, Miller, Joseph T., Mitsuyuki, Chika, Moura, Tania, Murphy, Daniel J., Nageswara-Rao, Madhugiri, Nevado, Bruno, Neves, Danilo, Ojeda, Dario I., Pennington, R. Toby, Prado, Darién E., Prenner, Gerhard, de Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci, Ramos, Gustavo, Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato, Ribeiro, Pétala G., Rico-Arce, María de Lourdes, Sanderson, Michael J., Santos-Silva, Juliana, São-Mateus, Wallace M.B., Silva, Marcos J.S., Simon, Marcelo F., Sinou, Carole, Snak, Cristiane, de Souza, Élvia R., Sprent, Janet, Steele, Kelly P., Steier, Julia E., Steeves, Royce, Stirton, Charles H., Tagane, Shuichiro, Torke, Benjamin M., Toyama, Hironori, da Cruz, Daiane Trabuco, Vatanparast, Mohammad, Wieringa, Jan J., Wink, Michael, Wojciechowski, Martin F., Yahara, Tetsukazu, Yi, Tingshuang, and Zimmerman, Erin
- Published
- 2017
6. Phylogenetic generic classification of parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) based on molecular, morphological and chemical evidence
- Author
-
Crespo, Ana, Kauff, Frank, Divakar, Pradeep K., del Prado, Ruth, Pérez-Ortega, Sergio, de Paz, Guillermo Amo, Ferencova, Zuzana, Blanco, Oscar, Roca-Valiente, Beatriz, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Cubas, Paloma, Argüello, Arturo, Elix, John A., Esslinger, Theodore L., Hawksworth, David L., Millanes, Ana, Molina, M. Carmen, Wedin, Mats, Ahti, Teuvo, Aptroot, Andre, Barreno, Eva, Bungartz, Frank, Calvelo, Susana, Candan, Mehmet, Cole, Mariette, Ertz, Damien, Goffinet, Bernard, Lindblom, Louise, Lücking, Robert, Lutzoni, Francois, Mattsson, Jan-Eric, Messuti, María Inès, Miadlikowska, Jolanta, Piercey-Normore, Michele, Rico, Víctor J., Sipman, Harrie J.M., Schmitt, Imke, Spribille, Toby, Thell, Arne, Thor, Göran, Upreti, Dalip K., and Lumbsch, H. Thorsten
- Published
- 2010
7. The morphologically deviating genera Omphalodiella and Placoparmelia belong to Xanthoparmelia (Parmeliaceae)
- Author
-
de Paz, Guillermo Amo, Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, Cubas, Paloma, Elix, John A., and Crespo, Ana
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Phylogeny and evolutionary diversification of Adenocarpus DC. (Leguminosae)
- Author
-
Cubas, Paloma, Pardo, Cristina, Tahiri, Hikmat, and Castroviejo, Santiago
- Published
- 2010
9. Genetic Variation and Phylogeography of Stauracanthus (Fabaceae, Genisteae) from the Iberian Peninsula and Northern Morocco Assessed by Chloroplast Microsatellite (cpSSR) Markers
- Author
-
Pardo, Cristina, Cubas, Paloma, and Tahiri, Hikmat
- Published
- 2008
10. Morphological Convergence or Lineage Sorting? The Case of Cytisus purgans auct. (Leguminosae)
- Author
-
Cubas, Paloma, Pardo, Cristina, and Tahiri, Hikmat
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Perispore Structure in Polystichum setiferum, P. aculeatum and Their Hybrid P. Xbicknellii
- Author
-
Cubas, Paloma and Pardo, Cristina
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Environmental assessment of the arsenic-rich, Rodalquilar gold–(copper–lead–zinc) mining district, SE Spain: data from soils and vegetation
- Author
-
Oyarzun, Roberto, Cubas, Paloma, Higueras, Pablo, Lillo, Javier, and Llanos, Willians
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Effect of pH Variation on Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Bi2Fe4O9.
- Author
-
Casanova Monteiro, Francielli, de Jesus Cubas, Paloma, Leandro Monteiro, João Frederico H., Andrade Pessoa, Christiana, Lopes Tiburtius, Elaine Regina, and Toshio Fujiwara, Sérgio
- Subjects
- *
PHOTOCATALYSTS , *ELECTRON field emission , *PH effect , *X-ray diffraction , *CHEMICAL structure - Abstract
The Pechini synthesis method, presents chemical homogeneity as its main advantage, enabling the desired phase to be obtained. This synthesis usually occurs at pH 7. In this study, Bi2Fe4O9 was synthesized using the Pechini method at different pHs (pH= 3, 5, 7, 8, 10 and 12) to verify if the pH conditions can influence in its photocatalytic activity. The materials obtained at different conditions were characterized by using X rays diffraction (XRD), UV/Vis diffuse reflectance and scanning electron microscopy by field emission (MEV/FEG). It was possible to synthesize the material under conditions already mentioned, but it was not observed significant differences in the chemical structure of the obtained materials from the characterization techniques. However, they presented a small variation in the band gap values, morphological aspects and photocatalytic activities. All the materials proved to be a good semiconductor, maintaining high degradation rates. The photocatalyst synthesized at pH 3 (BFO - 1) presented a degradation rate of approximately 95% for the group chromophore and 93% for the aromatic group of the structure of the tartrazine yellow dye, proving to be a promising photocatalyst for industrial applications. This result is particularly important because BFO - 1 showed higher catalyst activity since the chromophore of the aromatic group was degraded. The highlights of this study is the synthesis of Bi2Fe4O9 performed at pH=3, since it reduces the quantity of reagents comparing to the conventional Pechini method and presented high photocatalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Effect of pH Variation on Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Bi2Fe4O9.
- Author
-
Casanova Monteiro, Francielli, de Jesus Cubas, Paloma, Leandro Monteiro, João Frederico H., Andrade Pessoa, Christiana, Lopes Tiburtius, Elaine Regina, and Toshio Fujiwara, Sérgio
- Subjects
PHOTOCATALYSTS ,ELECTRON field emission ,PH effect ,X-ray diffraction ,CHEMICAL structure - Abstract
The Pechini synthesis method, presents chemical homogeneity as its main advantage, enabling the desired phase to be obtained. This synthesis usually occurs at pH 7. In this study, Bi2Fe4O9 was synthesized using the Pechini method at different pHs (pH= 3, 5, 7, 8, 10 and 12) to verify if the pH conditions can influence in its photocatalytic activity. The materials obtained at different conditions were characterized by using X rays diffraction (XRD), UV/Vis diffuse reflectance and scanning electron microscopy by field emission (MEV/FEG). It was possible to synthesize the material under conditions already mentioned, but it was not observed significant differences in the chemical structure of the obtained materials from the characterization techniques. However, they presented a small variation in the band gap values, morphological aspects and photocatalytic activities. All the materials proved to be a good semiconductor, maintaining high degradation rates. The photocatalyst synthesized at pH 3 (BFO - 1) presented a degradation rate of approximately 95% for the group chromophore and 93% for the aromatic group of the structure of the tartrazine yellow dye, proving to be a promising photocatalyst for industrial applications. This result is particularly important because BFO - 1 showed higher catalyst activity since the chromophore of the aromatic group was degraded. The highlights of this study is the synthesis of Bi2Fe4O9 performed at pH=3, since it reduces the quantity of reagents comparing to the conventional Pechini method and presented high photocatalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Bi2Fe4O9 in pellet form is an alternative in the wastewater treatment process.
- Author
-
Casanova Monteiro, Francielli, Caetano, Elenice Hass, de Jesus Cubas, Paloma, Pupin, Amanda Vedam, Monteiro, João Frederico Haas Leandro, and Fujiwara, Sérgio Toshio
- Subjects
WASTEWATER treatment ,FIELD emission electron microscopy ,ULTRAVIOLET spectroscopy ,OPTICAL spectroscopy ,WASTE treatment ,SEWAGE disposal plants - Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize Bi
2 Fe4 O9 and apply it to the degradation of tartrazine yellow dye. Bi2 Fe4 O9 was synthesized using the solid-state reaction and the Pechini method. The materials obtained were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), visible ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEG). The microscopic images revealed a morphological difference between the two materials in which the material obtained by the Pechini method is the most porous and have the largest surface area. The pellet obtained by the Pechini method was seen to have a lower bandgap value when compared with the sample solid state reaction. In the photocatalysis tests, the best performance was also that of the material obtained by the Pechini method, with 99.34% degradation, while the material obtained by solid state reaction showed 85.86% in 120 minutes. The solution degraded with the material obtained by the Pechini method presented 81.66% of mineralization while the solution with the material obtained by solid state reaction showed 60.97% of mineralization. The results confirmed that the material obtained by both syntheses is able to maintain its effectiveness after 10 repetitions of the photocatalytic process, proving to be promising for waste treatment in the industrial field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Discovering cryptic species in the Aspiciliella intermutans complex (Megasporaceae, Ascomycota) – First results using gene concatenation and coalescent-based species tree approaches.
- Author
-
Zakeri, Zakieh, Otte, Volker, Sipman, Harrie, Malíček, Jiří, Cubas, Paloma, Rico, Víctor J., Lenzová, Veronika, Svoboda, David, and Divakar, Pradeep K.
- Subjects
RIBOSOMAL DNA ,DNA replication ,ASCOMYCETES ,SPECIES ,NUCLEAR DNA ,SPECIES diversity - Abstract
Taxonomic identifications in some groups of lichen-forming fungi have been challenge largely due to the scarcity of taxonomically relevant features and limitations of morphological and chemical characters traditionally used to distinguish closely related taxa. Delineating species boundaries in closely related species or species complexes often requires a range of multisource data sets and comprehensive analytical methods. Here we aim to examine species boundaries in a group of saxicolous lichen forming fungi, the Aspiciliella intermutans complex (Megasporaceae), widespread mainly in the Mediterranean. We gathered DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nuITS), the nuclear large subunit (nuLSU), the mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) ribosomal DNA, and the DNA replication licensing factor MCM7 from 80 samples mostly from Iran, Caucasia, Greece and eastern Europe. We used a combination of phylogenetic strategies and a variety of empirical, sequence-based species delimitation approaches to infer species boundaries in this group. The latter included: the automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD), the multispecies coalescent approach *BEAST and Bayesian Phylogenetics and Phylogeography (BPP) program. Different species delimitation scenarios were compared using Bayes factors species delimitation analysis. Furthermore, morphological, chemical, ecological and geographical features of the sampled specimens were examined. Our study uncovered cryptic species diversity in A. intermutans and showed that morphology-based taxonomy may be unreliable, underestimating species diversity in this group of lichens. We identified a total of six species-level lineages in the A. intermutans complex using inferences from multiple empirical operational criteria. We found little corroboration between morphological and ecological features with our proposed candidate species, while secondary metabolite data do not corroborate tree topology. The present study on the A. intermutans species-complex indicates that the genus Aspiciliella, as currently circumscribed, is more diverse in Eurasia than previously expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Parallel Miocene dispersal events explain the cosmopolitan distribution of the Hypogymnioid lichens.
- Author
-
Divakar, Pradeep K., Wei, Xin‐Li, McCune, Bruce, Cubas, Paloma, Boluda, Carlos G., Leavitt, Steven D., Crespo, Ana, Tchabanenko, Svetlana, and Lumbsch, H. Thorsten
- Subjects
SPECIES distribution ,MIOCENE Epoch ,LICHENS ,PARMELIACEAE ,MOLECULAR evolution ,PLANT molecular systematics - Abstract
Aim: Contemporary species' distributions are shaped by both geography and historical events, such as extinction, diversification in specific areas and long‐distance dispersals. In the most diverse family of lichen‐forming fungi, Parmeliaceae, the Hypogymnioid clade, is an example of an evolutionary lineage comprised of species occurring in temperate to subpolar regions in both hemispheres. Here, we elucidate the timing of diversification events and the impact of historical events on the species distribution in this lineage. Location: Worldwide. Taxon: Genera Arctoparmelia, Brodoa, Hypogymnia and Pseudevernia (Parmeliaceae). Methods: Our sampling focused on the most diverse genus of the clade, Hypogymnia, including c. 70% of the described species. We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships using a multi‐locus data set, estimated divergence times, and inferred ancestral distributions. Results: Our analyses suggest that the ancestor of the Hypogymnioid clade occurred in the Holarctic. In each of the four genera, all recovered as monophyletic here, diversification have occurred largely during the Miocene and Pliocene. A number of currently accepted species did not form monophyletic groups, especially in cases where specimens were collected from distinct geographic areas, with multiple, distinct clades corresponding to the geographic region of origin. Our results suggest that only a very few species in the Hypogymnioid clade have cosmopolitan distributions, all of which reproduces using vegetative propagules including both symbiotic partners. Main conclusions: While the diversification occurred predominantly in the Northern Hemisphere during the Miocene, a long‐distance dispersal event from the Northern to the Southern Hemisphere, resulted in diversification of a clade of species largely restricted to the Southern Hemisphere. Similar to other groups in this diverse family, our study highlights the need for re‐evaluation of species boundaries among members of the Hypogymnioid clade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Ulex parviflorus sensu lato (Genisteae, Leguminosae) en la zona centro de Portugal
- Author
-
Cubas, Paloma, Costa, J. Carlos, Lousá, Mario F., Pardo, Cristina, and Espíritu Santo, María Dalila
- Subjects
cromosomas ,distribución geográfica ,lcsh:Botany ,morphology ,morfología ,Leguminosae ,chromosomes. distribution ,Ulex ,Genisteae ,lcsh:QK1-989 - Abstract
A group of gorses growing in Central Portugal has been traditionally identified as Ulex parviflorus Pourret sensu lato. The study of these plants reveáls important differences in morphological characters such as size, ramification, colour and indumentum of shoots, the type, disposition and indumentum of primary and secondary spines, and the dimensions, shape and indumentum of the calyx. Based on these morphological characteristics, as well as chromosome number, ecological requirements and geographic distribution, the plants are now ascribed to the following taxa: U. airensis sp. nov., U. australis subsp. welwitschianus stat. & comb. nov., U. eriocladus C. Vicioso and U. jussiaei WebbEn la zona centro de Portugal crece un conjunto de tojos que han sido tradicionalmente identificados como Ulex parviflorus Pourret sensu lato. Sin embargo, estas plantas presentan diferencias morfológicas en el porte, ramificación, color e indumento de ejes y ramas, en el tipo, disposición e indumento de las espinas primarias y secundarias y en las dimensiones, forma e indumento del cáliz. Estos caracteres morfológicos, el número cromosómico, los requerimientos ecológicos y el área geográfica permiten adscribir estas plantas a los siguientes táxones: U. airensis sp. nov., U. australis subsp. welwitschianus stat. & comb. nov., U. eriocladus C. Vicioso y U. jussiaei Webb.
- Published
- 1997
19. Historical biogeography of the lichenized fungal genus <italic>Hypotrachyna</italic> (<italic>Parmeliaceae</italic>, Ascomycota): insights into the evolutionary history of a pantropical clade.
- Author
-
CUBAS, Paloma, LUMBSCH, H. Thorsten, DEL PRADO, Ruth, FERENCOVA, Zuzana, HLADUN, Nestor L., RICO, Victor J., and DIVAKAR, Pradeep K.
- Subjects
- *
HYPOTRACHYNA , *LICHEN-forming fungi , *FUNGAL evolution , *GEOGRAPHICAL distribution of fungi , *FUNGAL phylogeny - Abstract
Hypotrachyna is a speciose genus of primarily tropical and oceanic lichen-forming fungi. It includes species with distinct distribution patterns, such as pantropical, restricted and disjunct species. We used a dataset of mitochondrial SSU, nuclear ITS and LSU ribosomal DNA from 89 specimens to study the historical biogeography of the genus. We employed Bayesian and maximum likelihood approaches for phylogenetic analyses, a likelihood-based approach to ancestral area estimation, and a Bayesian approach to estimate divergence times of major lineages within the genus based on molecular evolutionary rates for ITS and a secondary calibration point at theHypotrachyna clade –Parmeliopsis split. Our analyses suggest that the genus might have originated in the Neotropics during the Eocene and that the split of major lineages happened primarily during the Eocene and Oligocene. The major diversification within those clades is estimated to have occurred during the Miocene. Pantropical species distributions are explained by long-distance dispersal. A number of currently accepted species were found to be non-monophyletic, illustrating that the delimitation of species in the genus needs attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Understanding disjunct distribution patterns in lichenforming fungi: insights from Parmelina (Parmeliaceae: Ascomycota).
- Author
-
NUÑEZ-ZAPATA, JANO, ALORS, DAVID, CUBAS, PALOMA, DIVAKAR, PRADEEP K., LEAVITT, STEVEN D., LUMBSCH, H. THORSTEN, and CRESPO, ANA
- Subjects
GEOGRAPHICAL distribution of fungi ,PARMELINA ,PARMELIACEAE ,ASCOMYCETES ,BIOGEOGRAPHY ,DISPERSAL of fungi ,PHYLOGENY - Abstract
Disjunct intercontinental distributions have always fascinated biologists. With the increasing availability of molecular sequence data, there is a renewed interest in historical biogeography, especially in groups in which species boundaries have changed dramatically as a result, such as lichenized fungi. In the hyperdiverse family Parmeliaceae, Parmelina and Myelochroa have contrasting centres of distribution, with Myelochroa being most diverse in eastern Asia and Parmelina in Western Europe and the Mediterranean. We used multi-locus sequence data from 53 specimens to understand the impact of historical events on the current distribution patterns in these genera. We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships, estimated divergence times and inferred ancestral distributions. Our analyses suggested that the ancestor of the two genera occurred in the Old World and that these genera split during the Eocene. Diversification in both genera was estimated to have occurred during the Miocene, with the ancestor of Myelochroa probably occurring in Asia, whereas the ancestor of Parmelina probably occurred in the Turanian region and Europe or only Europe. The two Parmelina spp. occurring in the New World (P. coleae, P. yalungana) are not closely related and migrated independently from the Old World. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Geochemical Characterization of Magnetite and Geological Setting of the Iron Oxide ± Iron Silicate ± Iron Carbonate Rich Pb-Zn Sulfides from the La Unión and Mazarrón Stratabound Deposits (SE Spain).
- Author
-
López‐García, José Ángel, Oyarzun, Roberto, Lillo, Javier, Manteca, José Ignacio, and Cubas, Paloma
- Subjects
MAGNETITE ,IRON oxides ,IRON silicates ,ORE deposits ,PARAGENESIS ,MINES & mineral resources - Abstract
From a mineralogical point of view the La Unión ore field (SE Spain) can be regarded as an oddity as some of its hydrothermal, stratabound type deposits display an extremely unusual paragenesis comprising magnetite ± greenalite ± minnesotaite ± siderite and galena ± sphalerite (IOSC - LZS). Recent mineralogical studies have shown that this paragenesis is also present at the neighboring Mazarrón ore field. These ore fields share a similar geologic setting, involving metamorphic and sedimentary rocks (Paleozoic s.l. to Permian) hosting late Miocene high-K calc-alkaline volcanic and subvolcanic rocks. The latter have andesitic to dacitic composition, and triggered hydrothermal activity and ore deposition. This study discusses the detailed mineral chemistry of magnetite samples from Mazarrón and La Unión and provides some hints for the origin of the IOSC - LZS paragenesis. We performed electron microprobe (EPMA) analyses in magnetite samples from La Unión and Mazarrón to determine the contents of minor and trace elements (Zn, Ni, Mn, Cr, V, K, Ca, Ti, Al, Si, Mg). Given that some results fell below the detection limit for the EPMA instrumental conditions we used robust regression on order statistics (robust ROS), with the NADA package in R to deal with these data sets. The Ca + Al + Mn contents in magnetites from San Cristóbal and Emilia are equivalent to the mean contents of those of IOCG, Kiruna, BIF, Cu porphyry, skarn, VMS, hydrothermal and clastic Pb-Zn deposits, but they are low in Ti + V and Ni + Cr. The principal components analysis indicates that Zn, Ni, Cr, V, K, Ca, Ti, and Mg are roughly collinear, therefore correlated, being also independent from Fe. Besides, the function discriminant analysis of data shows that the magnetites from Emilia and San Cristóbal cluster in differentiated groups, thus probably reflecting some differences related to the distance to the magmatic source that triggered the hydrothermal system: proximal in the case of San Cristóbal and distal in Emilia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Reactive Black 5 dye degradation using filters of smuggled cigarette modified with Fe.
- Author
-
Glugoski, Letícia, de Jesus Cubas, Paloma, and Fujiwara, Sérgio
- Subjects
REACTIVE dyes ,BIODEGRADATION ,FILTERS & filtration ,CIGARETTES ,IRON compounds ,SOLID waste management - Abstract
This study presents an attempt to solve two serious environmental problems: the generation of toxic effluents and solid waste disposal. The work proposes recycling cigarette filters with the purpose of degrading reactive dyes, which are used in the textile industry. Filters of smuggled cigarettes were recycled through Fe immobilization on their surface. The material obtained was characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). The factorial design revealed that the most suitable conditions for the degradation of Reactive Black 5 dye were obtained by using 1 g of material at pH 3.0 in a 100 mg L hydrogen peroxide solution. The material showed excellent performance in the Reactive Black 5 dye degradation process; in 60 min, 99.09 % dye was removed. At pH 7.0, the dye degradation was 72.67 %, indicating that the material prepared can be used at pH values greater than 3.0 without the occurrence of hydrated Fe oxide precipitation. Furthermore, the material showed no loss of catalytic activity after three degradation studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Evolutionary history of the highly diverse Genistoid core (Leguminosae) inferred from phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal (ITS and ETS) and plastid (trnL-trnF IGS) DNA sequences
- Author
-
Cubas, Paloma, Pardo, Cristina, Aïnouche, Abdelkader, Misset, Marie-Thérèse, Departmento de Biología Vegetal II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Complutense de Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Briand, Valerie
- Subjects
[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] ,[SDV.BID.EVO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] ,ComputingMethodologies_GENERAL - Abstract
Poster
- Published
- 2005
24. Biogeography and Genetic Structure in Populations of a Widespread Lichen (Parmelina tiliacea, Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota).
- Author
-
Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Cubas, Paloma, Hawksworth, David L., and Crespo, Ana
- Subjects
- *
BIOGEOGRAPHY , *LICHEN communities , *PARMELINA , *RIBOSOMAL RNA , *ASCOMYCETES - Abstract
The genetic diversity and population structure of the foliose lichenized fungus Parmelina tiliacea has been analyzed through its geographical range, including samples from Macaronesia (Canary Islands), the Mediterranean, and Eurosiberia. DNA sequences from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer, the mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA gene, and the translation elongation factor 1-α were used as molecular markers. The haplotypes of the three markers and the molecular variance analyses of multilocus haplotypes showed the highest diversity in the Canary Islands, while restricted haplotypes occurred at high frequencies in Mediterranean coastal samples. The multilocus haplotypes formed three unevenly distributed clusters (clusters 1-3). In the Canary Islands all the haplotypes were present in a similar proportion, while the coastal Mediterranean sites had almost exclusively haplotypes of cluster 3; cluster 2 predominated in inland Mediterranean sites; and cluster 1 was more abundant in central and northern Europe (Eurosiberian area). The distribution of clusters is partially explained by climatic factors, and its interaction with local spatial structure, but much of the variation remains unexplained. The high frequency of individuals in the Canary Islands with haplotypes shared with other areas suggests that could be a refugium of genetic diversity, and the high frequency of individuals of the Mediterranean coastal sites with restricted haplotypes indicates that gene flow to contiguous areas may be restricted. This is significant for the selection of areas for conservation purposes, as those with most genetic variation may reflect historical factors and biological properties of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Notoparmelia, a new genus of Parmeliaceae (Ascomycota) based on overlooked reproductive anatomical features, phylogeny and distribution pattern.
- Author
-
FERENCOVA, Zuzana, CUBAS, Paloma, DIVAKAR, Pradeep Kumar, MOLINA, M. Carmen, and CRESPO, Ana
- Subjects
- *
LICHENS , *ASCOMYCETES , *EXCIMERS , *PLANT spores , *PHYTOGEOGRAPHY - Abstract
The importance of the anatomy and fine morphology of reproductive structures for the systematics of the family Parmeliaceae is highlighted by the new genus Notoparmelia, described here for Australasian species of Parmelia. These species were known to form a monophyletic lineage but correlated characters for its delimitation were lacking. A major characteristic used here for the circumscription of this genus is the overlooked apothecial anatomy. The proper exciple is reduced to one layer formed exclusively by large hyphae without any clear branching pattern and embedded in an abundant polysaccharide matrix. This feature differs from the rest of Parmeliaceae which have a stratified three-layered proper exciple composed of a thin hyaline layer, intermediate layer and basal cortex-like structure. The anatomy of proper exciple, together with the thickness of spore walls and other morphological characters such as lobe morphology, pseudocyphellae and rhizine type, allow a precise diagnosis of the new genus. The area of distribution is also useful for characterizing this genus. Sixteen new combinations are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Transoceanic Dispersal and Subsequent Diversification on Separate Continents Shaped Diversity of the Xanthoparmelia pulla Group (Ascomycota).
- Author
-
de Paz, Guillermo Amo, Cubas, Paloma, Crespo, Ana, Elix, John A., and Lumbsch, H. Thorsten
- Subjects
- *
XANTHOPARMELIA , *LICHENS , *FUNGI , *DNA , *PHYLOGENY , *PARMELIA - Abstract
In traditional morphology-based concepts many species of lichenized fungi have world-wide distributions. Molecular data have revolutionized the species delimitation in lichens and have demonstrated that we underestimated the diversity of these organisms. The aim of this study is to explore the phylogeography and the evolutionary patterns of the Xanthoparmelia pulla group, a widespread group of one of largest genera of macrolichens. We used a dated phylogeny based on nuITS and nuLSU rDNA sequences and performed an ancestral range reconstruction to understand the processes and explain their current distribution, dating the divergence of the major lineages in the group. An inferred age of radiation of parmelioid lichens and the age of a Parmelia fossil were used as the calibration points for the phylogeny. The results show that many species of the X. pulla group as currently delimited are polyphyletic and five major lineages correlate with their geographical distribution and the biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites. South Africa is the area where the X. pulla group radiated during the Miocene times, and currently is the region with the highest genetic, morphological and chemical diversity. From this center of radiation the different lineages migrated by long-distance dispersal to others areas, where secondary radiations developed. The ancestral range reconstruction also detected that a secondary lineage migrated from Australia to South America via long-distance dispersal and subsequent continental radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Origin and Diversification of Major Clades in Parmelioid Lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) during the Paleogene Inferred by Bayesian Analysis.
- Author
-
de Paz, Guillermo Amo, Cubas, Paloma, Divakar, Pradeep K., Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, and Crespo, Ana
- Subjects
- *
PARMELIACEAE , *ASCOMYCETES , *NUCLEIC acids , *BIOLOGICAL evolution , *NUCLEOTIDE sequence , *RECOMBINANT DNA - Abstract
There is a long-standing debate on the extent of vicariance and long-distance dispersal events to explain the current distribution of organisms, especially in those with small diaspores potentially prone to long-distance dispersal. Age estimates of clades play a crucial role in evaluating the impact of these processes. The aim of this study is to understand the evolutionary history of the largest clade of macrolichens, the parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) by dating the origin of the group and its major lineages. They have a worldwide distribution with centers of distribution in the Neo- and Paleotropics, and semi-arid subtropical regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using DNA sequences of nuLSU and mtSSU rDNA, and the protein-coding RPB1 gene. The three DNA regions had different evolutionary rates: RPB1 gave a rate two to four times higher than nuLSU and mtSSU. Divergence times of the major clades were estimated with partitioned BEAST analyses allowing different rates for each DNA region and using a relaxed clock model. Three calibrations points were used to date the tree: an inferred age at the stem of Lecanoromycetes, and two dated fossils: Parmelia in the parmelioid group, and Alectoria. Palaeoclimatic conditions and the palaeogeological area cladogram were compared to the dated phylogeny of parmelioid. The parmelioid group diversified around the K/T boundary, and the major clades diverged during the Eocene and Oligocene. The radiation of the genera occurred through globally changing climatic condition of the early Oligocene, Miocene and early Pliocene. The estimated divergence times are consistent with long-distance dispersal events being the major factor to explain the biogeographical distribution patterns of Southern Hemisphere parmelioids, especially for Africa-Australia disjunctions, because the sequential break-up of Gondwana started much earlier than the origin of these clades. However, our data cannot reject vicariance to explain South America-Australia disjunctions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Conundrums in species concepts: the discovery of a new cryptic species segregated from Parmelina tiliacea(Ascomycota: Parmeliaceae).
- Author
-
NÚÑEZ-ZAPATA, Jano, DIVAKAR, Pradeep K., DEL-PRADO, Ruth, CUBAS, Paloma, HAWKSWORTH, David L., and CRESPO, Ana
- Subjects
PARMELINA ,ASCOMYCETES ,PLANT phylogeny ,BIODIVERSITY ,PARSIMONIOUS models - Abstract
Parmelina tiliacea is a common, widely distributed species in south-western Europe, easily identifiable by morphology and much used as an air pollution bioindicator in many regions. A molecular phylogenetic survey of samples from many geographical areas, using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian inference of nuITS and mtLSU rDNA regions, revealed a group of samples geographically restricted to a small region of the Iberian Peninsula and genetically separated from the other P. tiliacea specimens studied. These samples are morphologically indistinguishable from P. tiliacea, apart from subtle anatomical characters in the ascomata (hyphae of the exciple and ascospore width), which are frequently absent. Although geographically different, the two taxa occupy similar habitats and are even sympatric in some areas, indicating that they do not exchange genetic material. This previously overlooked, and apparently endemic lineage, is described as P. cryptotiliacea sp. nov., and the name Lichen tiliaceus is epitypified by a sequenced specimen to fix the application of Parmelina tiliacea to the widespread genotype. A second unexpected result was the discovery that the morphologically distinct P. pastillifera was nested within P. tiliacea. These two cases stress the need to use molecular tools to elucidate species concepts even within widespread morphologically well-characterized macrolichens. Such investigations are necessary to improve our understanding and estimation of biodiversity, and to facilitate the development of sound biodiversity conservation strategies for lichens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Genetic distances within and among species in monophyletic lineages of Parmeliaceae (Ascomycota) as a tool for taxon delimitation
- Author
-
Del-Prado, Ruth, Cubas, Paloma, Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, Divakar, Pradeep K., Blanco, Oscar, de Paz, Guillermo Amo, Molina, M. Carmen, and Crespo, Ana
- Subjects
- *
PARMELIACEAE , *NUCLEOTIDE sequence , *MOLECULAR phylogeny , *RECOMBINANT DNA , *LICHENS , *PLANT genetics - Abstract
Abstract: The species delimitation in fungi is currently in flux. A growing body of evidence shows that the morphology-based species circumscription underestimates the number of existing species. The large and ever growing number of DNA sequence data of fungi makes it possible to use these to identify potential cases of hidden species, which then need to be studied with extensive taxon samplings. We used Parmeliaceae, one of the largest families of lichenized fungi as a model. Intra- and interspecific distances derived from maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees inferred from 491 nuclear ITS rDNA sequences were examined for five major clades of parmelioid lichens. The intra- and interspecific distances were well separated in most cases allowing the calculation of a threshold, with exceptions of highly deviating distances in a few cases. These situations are shown to be taxa in which the current delimitation needs revision. Thus the analysis of the distance distributions is shown to be a powerful tool for identifying species complexes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Parmelina quercina (Parmeliaceae, Lecanorales) includes four phylogenetically supported morphospecies.
- Author
-
ARGÜELLO, ARTURO, DEL PRADO, RUTH, CUBAS, PALOMA, and CRESPO, ANA
- Subjects
PARMELINA ,FUNGI ,PARMELIACEAE ,LECANORALES ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,ASCOSPORES - Abstract
Morphological and phylogenetic relationships of the worldwide Mediterranean lichen forming fungus, Parmelina quercina, have been studied. Specimens from western Europe, western North America and southern Australia were analysed using molecular data (nuITS rDNA, nuLSU rDNA and mtSSU rDNA) and selected morphological features (upper cortex maculae, scanning electron microscopy examination of the epicortex, ascospores and conidia shape and size, and amphithecial retrorse rhizines). The results conclusively reveal that: (1) there is not one single species but four separate species in the Mediterranean or sub Mediterranean areas of the world. Parmelina quercina and Parmelina carporrhizans (Euroasiatic species), Parmelina coleae sp. nov. (North America) and Parmelina elixia sp. nov. (Australia); (2) largely debated P. carporrhizans is not a synonym of P. quercina but supported as a valid species circumscribed to Macaronesic relict sites; (3) the geographical isolation of the Australian population is correlated with a large genetic distance; (4) morphological characters (ascospores and conidial variability and thallus epicortex) correlate with the phylogenetic hypothesis; (5) the new or revalidated species within Parmelina quercina are not cryptic species but morphologically recognizable taxa. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 91, 455–467. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. TAXONOMIC USEFULNESS OF POLLEN FEATURES IN PETROCOPTIS (CARYOPHYLLACEAE): A REEVALUATION.
- Author
-
Mayol, Maria, Cubas, Paloma, Pardo, Cristina, and Rosselló, Josep A.
- Subjects
- *
POLLEN , *PLANT classification , *PLANT species , *EXINE , *PLANT spores - Abstract
Pollen features of all species of Petrocoptis were reviewed in order to check their value as taxonomic markers within the genus. This study shows that Petrocoptis is astenopalynous genus, with no differences in the exine surface pattern between taxa. Quantitative data (grain diameter, number of apertures, length and width of pores, and exine thickness) were subjected to several multivariate analyses. None of the mplaced the Petrocoptis samples into recognized taxonomic groups. The presence of aperforate tectum in all species of Petrocoptis is congruent with the current view that the genus is an old lineage within Silenoideae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Panmixia and dispersal from the Mediterranean Basin to Macaronesian Islands of a macrolichen species.
- Author
-
Alors, David, Grande, Francesco Dal, Cubas, Paloma, Crespo, Ana, Schmitt, Imke, Molina, M. Carmen, and Divakar, Pradeep K.
- Abstract
The Mediterranean region, comprising the Mediterranean Basin and the Macaronesian Islands, represents a center of diversification for many organisms. The genetic structure and connectivity of mainland and island microbial populations has been poorly explored, in particular in the case of symbiotic fungi. Here we investigated genetic diversity and spatial structure of the obligate outcrossing lichen-forming fungus Parmelina carporrhizans in the Mediterranean region. Using eight microsatellite and mating-type markers we showed that fungal populations are highly diverse but lack spatial structure. This is likely due to high connectivity and long distance dispersal of fungal spores. Consistent with low levels of linkage disequilibrium and lack of clonality, we detected both mating-type idiomorphs in all populations. Furthermore we showed that the Macaronesian Islands are the result of colonization from the Mediterranean Basin. The unidirectional gene flow, though, seemed not to be sufficient to counterbalance the effects of drift, resulting in comparatively allelic poor peripheral populations. Our study is the first to shed light on the high connectivity and lack of population structure in natural populations of a strictly sexual lichen fungus. Our data further support the view of the Macaronesian Islands as the end of the colonization road for this symbiotic ascomycete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Pollen morphology in Cytisus(Papilionoideae, Leguminosae) from Morocco and the Iberian Peninsula.
- Author
-
Pardo, Cristina, Tahiri, Hikmat, Cubas, Paloma, and Alaoui-Faris, Fatima Ezzahra El
- Subjects
POLLEN morphology ,CYTISUS ,FLORAL morphology - Abstract
Although it is generally accepted that the tribe Genisteae has rather homogeneous pollen, we have found considerable variation in pollen size and morphology in Cytisusand related genera (Argyrocytisusand Chamaecytisus), which match taxonomic groups defined on morphological grounds. The results of Principal Component Analysis of pollen characteristics show the following: CytisusSect. Alburnoidesis well-delimited, with the smallest pollen grains and the simplest pattern in the tectum, fossulate-perforate to perforate; No separation of C. villosus(Sect. Cytisus) from Sect. Alburnoidesis observed; CytisusSect. Spartopsis, with the largest pollen grains and reticulate to reticulate-fossulate ornamentation, forms an isolated group; C. fontanesii(Sect. Heterocytisus) stands apart from other Cytisusspecies by its homogeneous ornamentation and the perforate instead of psilate-punctate margo. Thus, the pollen data supports its transfer to the separated genus Chronanthos; Pollen ornamentation and morphology also support the separation of Argyrocytisus battandieriand Chamaecytisus mollisfrom Cytisus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The arachiform vacuolar body: an overlooked shared character in the ascospores of a large monophyletic group within Parmeliaceae (Xanthoparmelia clade, Lecanorales)
- Author
-
Del Prado, Ruth, Ferencová, Zuzana, Armas-Crespo, Victor, Amo De Paz, Guillermo, Cubas, Paloma, and Crespo, Ana
- Subjects
- *
PARMELIACEAE , *XANTHOPARMELIA , *PLANT vacuoles , *MORPHOGENESIS , *LECANORALES , *PLANT spores - Abstract
Abstract: Sections of apothecia were used to study the internal morphology of ascospores in the largest monophyletic clade within Parmeliaceae composed of Xanthoparmelia and related genera. The results were compared with fertile representative species of most other parmelioid clades. All the Xanthoparmelia species had spores with a single smooth vacuole, which was peanut-shaped, with different degrees of constriction in the equatorial plane. This differs from the ellipsoid vacuole of other parmelioids. In the Xanthoparmelia clade, sexual reproduction seems much more common than in other parmelioids. Thus, we suggest that the presence of this unique spore morphology might contribute to the evolutionary success of this monophyletic group. Further, the discovery of this useful ascospore character demonstrates that detailed ascospore morphological studies significantly enhance molecular phylogenetic analyses. Ascospore features may be more taxonomically significant in Parmeliaceae than hitherto considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Bi 2 Fe 4 O 9 in pellet form is an alternative in the wastewater treatment process.
- Author
-
Casanova Monteiro F, Caetano EH, de Jesus Cubas P, Pupin AV, Monteiro JFHL, and Fujiwara ST
- Subjects
- Catalysis, Ferric Compounds chemical synthesis, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, X-Ray Diffraction, Bismuth chemistry, Coloring Agents analysis, Ferric Compounds chemistry, Tartrazine analysis, Wastewater chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis, Water Purification methods
- Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize Bi
2 Fe4 O9 and apply it to the degradation of tartrazine yellow dye. Bi2 Fe4 O9 was synthesized using the solid-state reaction and the Pechini method. The materials obtained were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), visible ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEG). The microscopic images revealed a morphological difference between the two materials in which the material obtained by the Pechini method is the most porous and have the largest surface area. The pellet obtained by the Pechini method was seen to have a lower bandgap value when compared with the sample solid state reaction. In the photocatalysis tests, the best performance was also that of the material obtained by the Pechini method, with 99.34% degradation, while the material obtained by solid state reaction showed 85.86% in 120 minutes. The solution degraded with the material obtained by the Pechini method presented 81.66% of mineralization while the solution with the material obtained by solid state reaction showed 60.97% of mineralization. The results confirmed that the material obtained by both syntheses is able to maintain its effectiveness after 10 repetitions of the photocatalytic process, proving to be promising for waste treatment in the industrial field.- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Evolution of complex symbiotic relationships in a morphologically derived family of lichen-forming fungi.
- Author
-
Divakar PK, Crespo A, Wedin M, Leavitt SD, Hawksworth DL, Myllys L, McCune B, Randlane T, Bjerke JW, Ohmura Y, Schmitt I, Boluda CG, Alors D, Roca-Valiente B, Del-Prado R, Ruibal C, Buaruang K, Núñez-Zapata J, Amo de Paz G, Rico VJ, Molina MC, Elix JA, Esslinger TL, Tronstad IK, Lindgren H, Ertz D, Gueidan C, Saag L, Mark K, Singh G, Dal Grande F, Parnmen S, Beck A, Benatti MN, Blanchon D, Candan M, Clerc P, Goward T, Grube M, Hodkinson BP, Hur JS, Kantvilas G, Kirika PM, Lendemer J, Mattsson JE, Messuti MI, Miadlikowska J, Nelsen M, Ohlson JI, Pérez-Ortega S, Saag A, Sipman HJ, Sohrabi M, Thell A, Thor G, Truong C, Yahr R, Upreti DK, Cubas P, and Lumbsch HT
- Subjects
- Classification, Biological Evolution, Genes, Fungal, Lichens genetics, Parmeliaceae genetics, Phylogeny, Symbiosis
- Abstract
We studied the evolutionary history of the Parmeliaceae (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota), one of the largest families of lichen-forming fungi with complex and variable morphologies, also including several lichenicolous fungi. We assembled a six-locus data set including nuclear, mitochondrial and low-copy protein-coding genes from 293 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The lichenicolous lifestyle originated independently three times in lichenized ancestors within Parmeliaceae, and a new generic name is introduced for one of these fungi. In all cases, the independent origins occurred c. 24 million yr ago. Further, we show that the Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene were key periods when diversification of major lineages within Parmeliaceae occurred, with subsequent radiations occurring primarily during the Oligocene and Miocene. Our phylogenetic hypothesis supports the independent origin of lichenicolous fungi associated with climatic shifts at the Oligocene-Miocene boundary. Moreover, diversification bursts at different times may be crucial factors driving the diversification of Parmeliaceae. Additionally, our study provides novel insight into evolutionary relationships in this large and diverse family of lichen-forming ascomycetes., (© 2015 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2015 New Phytologist Trust.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Transoceanic dispersal and subsequent diversification on separate continents shaped diversity of the Xanthoparmelia pulla group (Ascomycota).
- Author
-
Amo de Paz G, Cubas P, Crespo A, Elix JA, and Lumbsch HT
- Subjects
- Ascomycota classification, Australia, Biological Evolution, Phylogeny, South Africa, Ascomycota genetics
- Abstract
In traditional morphology-based concepts many species of lichenized fungi have world-wide distributions. Molecular data have revolutionized the species delimitation in lichens and have demonstrated that we underestimated the diversity of these organisms. The aim of this study is to explore the phylogeography and the evolutionary patterns of the Xanthoparmelia pulla group, a widespread group of one of largest genera of macrolichens. We used a dated phylogeny based on nuITS and nuLSU rDNA sequences and performed an ancestral range reconstruction to understand the processes and explain their current distribution, dating the divergence of the major lineages in the group. An inferred age of radiation of parmelioid lichens and the age of a Parmelia fossil were used as the calibration points for the phylogeny. The results show that many species of the X. pulla group as currently delimited are polyphyletic and five major lineages correlate with their geographical distribution and the biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites. South Africa is the area where the X. pulla group radiated during the Miocene times, and currently is the region with the highest genetic, morphological and chemical diversity. From this center of radiation the different lineages migrated by long-distance dispersal to others areas, where secondary radiations developed. The ancestral range reconstruction also detected that a secondary lineage migrated from Australia to South America via long-distance dispersal and subsequent continental radiation.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Origin and diversification of major clades in parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) during the Paleogene inferred by Bayesian analysis.
- Author
-
Amo de Paz G, Cubas P, Divakar PK, Lumbsch HT, and Crespo A
- Subjects
- Bayes Theorem, Genetic Loci genetics, Species Specificity, Temperature, Time Factors, Ascomycota classification, Ascomycota genetics, Genetic Variation, Lichens classification, Lichens genetics, Paleontology, Phylogeny
- Abstract
There is a long-standing debate on the extent of vicariance and long-distance dispersal events to explain the current distribution of organisms, especially in those with small diaspores potentially prone to long-distance dispersal. Age estimates of clades play a crucial role in evaluating the impact of these processes. The aim of this study is to understand the evolutionary history of the largest clade of macrolichens, the parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) by dating the origin of the group and its major lineages. They have a worldwide distribution with centers of distribution in the Neo- and Paleotropics, and semi-arid subtropical regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using DNA sequences of nuLSU and mtSSU rDNA, and the protein-coding RPB1 gene. The three DNA regions had different evolutionary rates: RPB1 gave a rate two to four times higher than nuLSU and mtSSU. Divergence times of the major clades were estimated with partitioned BEAST analyses allowing different rates for each DNA region and using a relaxed clock model. Three calibrations points were used to date the tree: an inferred age at the stem of Lecanoromycetes, and two dated fossils: Parmelia in the parmelioid group, and Alectoria. Palaeoclimatic conditions and the palaeogeological area cladogram were compared to the dated phylogeny of parmelioid. The parmelioid group diversified around the K/T boundary, and the major clades diverged during the Eocene and Oligocene. The radiation of the genera occurred through globally changing climatic condition of the early Oligocene, Miocene and early Pliocene. The estimated divergence times are consistent with long-distance dispersal events being the major factor to explain the biogeographical distribution patterns of Southern Hemisphere parmelioids, especially for Africa-Australia disjunctions, because the sequential break-up of Gondwana started much earlier than the origin of these clades. However, our data cannot reject vicariance to explain South America-Australia disjunctions.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.