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This article focuses on certain assertions concerning geography's role among the sciences. A synthesis of apparently dichotomous approaches to geographic understanding is also proposed. A scientific method concludes that geographers like any other scientists, identified not so much by the phenomena they study, as by the integrating concepts and processes that they stress. The integrating concepts and processes of the geographer relate to spatial arrangements and distributions, to spatial integration and organization and to spatial processes.

Examines the role of transportation in the space economy. Increase in specialization in the society; Complexities of economic interdependence; Analysis of realms between economic and geography.

A paradigm is offered far understanding the interlocking modes of data analysis that have come to characterize geography as a result of its recent "quantitative revolution." Among the most serious new problems to emerge have been those related to autocorrelation in spatial series, Two cases are discussed: spatial point processes in the plane, and generalized contiguity in continuous spatial series. In both cases the stationarity assumption is questioned, and an alternative formulation using diffusion theory is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comments on the use of chi-square. Comparison of observed and expected frequencies within the specified categories; Number of observations on the raw data counted upon a specified unit of measurement; Measurements involving non-frequency data.