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A simplified procedure for filter paper electrophoresis is described in which disturbing factors such as evaporation, heating, buffer concentration gradients, and pH changes in the electrode vessels were reduced to a minimum. Artificial mixtures of highly purified proteins could be separated and the components isolated. The application of the method to a variety of studies on serum proteins is demonstrated. Protein concentration in paper segments was determined by two different methods of protein estimation. Curves were obtained showing the same five major peaks for normal serum as found by the classical methods of free electrophoresis. Comparisons were made of the areas of the various components under the curves obtained with the different methods. Two dimensional electrophoresis was applied to serum and serum components. It proved of value in demonstrating the heterogeneity of fractions such as the γ-globulin of serum. The polysaccharide dextran was used as an index of the extent of electro-osmotic flow during the course of the various experiments. The ratio of the distance of electroosmotic flow and the distance of protein migration was shown to be constant for a given type of paper. For serum albumin on Munktell 20 paper this ratio was 0.35. A formula for mobilities applicable to liquid in a highly porous supporting medium is presented. Mobility values for human serum albumin at various pH levels on paper showed approximate agreement with those obtained in free solution giving a similar isoelectric point.

In the present experiments attempts were made to identify semen from various specimens such as the semen itself, spots of semen on clothes, putrefied semen or semen contaminated with blood, menstrual blood, vaginal fluid, according to the techniques of LEVONEN. As the result it has been clarified that in every instance it is possible to isolate and detect the spots of choline by spraying Dragehdorff's reagent.

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Paper chromatographic procedures may be used to detect cephalothin and its metabolite desacetylcephalothin in urine, plasma, synovial fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid. Protein-bound antibiotics are released from plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and synovial fluid by dilution with an equal volume of dimethylformamide. Data are presented on the sample preparation, paper chromatographic system, and other specific techniques.

Insulin travels as well defined band in electropherograms if acetic acid-water 1:2 (v/v) is used as a buffer. Preparations of partially acetylated insulin were analysed by this method. From the results it could be derived that the molecular weight of insulin is 6,000. An improvement in the amino-nitrogen determination of insulin is described in the experimental part. Résumé L'insuline se déplace sous forme d'une bande bien défine des électropheérogrammes lorsqu'on utilise comme tampon un mélange acide acétique-eau 1:2 (v/v). Des préparations d'insuline partiellement acétylée ont été analysées par cette méthode. Les résultats permettent d'attribuer à l'insuline un poids moléculaire de 6,000. Dans la partie expérimentale, on décrit une amélioration du dosage de l'amino-N de l'insuline. Zusammenfassung Insulin wanderte als ein genau begrenzter Streifen in einem Elektrophoregramm, in dem eine Mischung von Essigsäure-Wasser 1:2 (v/v) als Puffer verwendet wurde. Präparate, die aus teilweise acetyliertem Insulin bestanden, wurden mit Hilfe dieser Methode analysiert. Aus den Ergebnissen wurde gefolgert, dass das Molekulargewicht des Insulins 6,000 ist. Im experimentellen Teil wird eine verbesserte Bestimmungsmethode für Aminostickstoff im Insulin beschrieben.