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Assess the efficacy of an 8-week virtual, physiotherapist (PT)-guided knee health program (Stop OsteoARthritis (SOAR)) to improve knee extensor strength in individuals at risk of post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis (PTOA). In this superiority, randomized delayed-control trial, persons aged 16–35 years, 1–4 years after a self-reported knee joint injury were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive the SOAR program immediately (experimental group) or after a 9-week delay (control group). SOAR includes 1) one-time Knee Camp (virtual PT-guided group education, knee assessment, 1:1 exercise and physical activity (PA) goal-setting); 2) Weekly personalized home-based exercise and PA program with tracking; 3) Weekly 1:1 PT counseling (virtual). The primary outcome was a change in isokinetic knee extensor strength (baseline to 9-weeks). Additional outcomes included change in self-reported knee-related quality-of-life (QOL), self-efficacy, self-management and kinesiophobia, and PA (accelerometer) at 9 and 18-weeks. Linear regression models estimated the effect of the 8-week intervention at the primary endpoint (9-week). 49 of 54 randomized participants completed the study (91%). Participants were a mean ± standard deviation age of 27 ± 5.0 years, and 2.4 ± 0.9 years post-injury. No mean between group differences for the primary (0.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.10, 0.19) or other outcomes were seen at 9 weeks except for greater improvements in perceived self-management (Partner in Health Scale; 11.3/96, 95%CI: 5.5, 17.1) and kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia; −4.4/33, 95%CI: −7.0, −1.8). For active persons with elevated risk of PTOA, an 8-week SOAR program did not change knee-related strength, QOL, self-efficacy, or PA, on average, but may benefit the ability to self-manage knee health and kinesiophobia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental pulp is the only soft tissue in the tooth which plays a crucial role in maintaining intrinsic multi-functional behaviors of the dentin-pulp complex. Nevertheless, the restoration of fully functional pulps after pulpitis or pulp necrosis, termed endodontic regeneration, remained a major challenge for decades. Therefore, a bioactive and in-situ injectable biomaterial is highly desired for tissue-engineered pulp regeneration. Herein, a decellularized matrix hydrogel derived from porcine dental pulps (pDDPM-G) was prepared and characterized through systematic comparison against the porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel (pDNM-G). The pDDPM-G not only exhibited superior capabilities in facilitating multi-directional differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) during 3D culture, but also promoted regeneration of pulp-like tissues after DPSCs encapsulation and transplantation. Further comparative proteomic and transcriptome analyses revealed the differential compositions and potential mechanisms that endow the pDDPM-G with highly tissue-specific properties. Finally, it was realized that the abundant tenascin C (TNC) in pDDPM served as key factor responsible for the activation of Notch signaling cascades and promoted DPSCs odontoblastic differentiation. Overall, it is believed that pDDPM-G is a sort of multi-functional and tissue-specific hydrogel-based material that holds great promise in endodontic regeneration and clinical translation. Functional hydrogel-based biomaterials are highly desirable for endodontic regeneration treatments. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) preserves most extracellular matrix components of its native tissue, exhibiting unique advantages in promoting tissue regeneration and functional restoration. In this study, we prepared a porcine dental pulp-derived dECM hydrogel (pDDPM-G), which exhibited superior performance in promoting odontogenesis, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis of the regenerating pulp-like tissue, further showed its tissue-specificity compared to the peripheral nerve-derived dECM hydrogel. In-depth proteomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that the activation of tenascin C-Notch axis played an important role in facilitating odontogenic regeneration. This biomaterial-based study validated the great potential of the dental pulp-specific pDDPM-G for clinical applications, and provides a springboard for research strategies in ECM-related regenerative medicine. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problematic use of mobile phones (PMPU) has been described as a serious public health issue. This study was a parallel three-arm randomized controlled trial and has completed registration (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05843591). Ninety college students with PMPU were randomly assigned to the aerobic exercise group (AE group, n = 30), the Tai Chi Chuan group (TCC group, n = 30), or the wait-list control group (WLC group, n = 30). At the end of the intervention, stool samples from the study participants were collected for biological analysis based on 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology. The primary outcome was addiction symptoms assessed by the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). The secondary outcomes are emotional symptoms, physical symptoms, and flora species. Compared with the WLC group, the AE and TCC groups showed reductions in PMPU levels, physical and mental fatigue, but there was no difference between the two groups. Moreover, the effect of increasing self-esteem embodied in the TCC group was not present in the AE group. Compared to the WLC group, the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides were lower in the AE group, while the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae and Alistipes were lower in the TCC group. And the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae , Bacteroides , and Alistipes were significantly and negatively correlated with the decline in PMPU scores. AE or TCC is an effective, safe and efficient intervention for college students with PMPU, providing some physiological and psychological benefits and having some impact on their intestinal flora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel Colorimetric sensor array (CSA) for assessing oolong tea sensory quality. • Binding mechanism between pH indicators and metalloporphyrin was developed. • The effectiveness of CSA was assessed by comparing four classification models. • Oolong tea was successfully classified based on flavor intensity and grade level. Chinese oolong tea is famous for its rich and diverse aromas, which is an important indicator for sensor quality evaluation. To accurately and rapidly evaluate sensory quality, a novel colorimetric sensor array (CSA) was developed to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in oolong tea. We further explored the binding mechanism between colorimetric dyes that trigger changes in charge transfer and visible color changes. Based on this, we modified and optimized the CSA to improve the sensitivity by 17.1–234.9% and the stability by 8.7–33.3%. The study also assessed the effectiveness of this method by comparing two linear and two non-linear classification models, with the support vector machine (SVM) model achieving the highest accuracy, identifying different flavor intensity and grades with rates of 100% and 95.83%, respectively. These findings sufficiently demonstrated that the novel CSA, integrated with the SVM model, has promising potential for predicting the sensory quality of oolong tea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hotels strongly call for proactive customer service performance from their employees. However, two critical stressors - occupational stigma and work dirtiness - can harm employees' proactive performance. This study investigated the impact of these stressors on employees' proactive customer service performance and potential solutions from the external resource replenishment aspect of organizations and customers. The results showed that occupational stigma and perceived work dirtiness can inhibit front-line employees' proactive customer service performance by increasing their face concern and decreasing self-esteem. Additionally, this study found that organizations and customers can play a helpful role in mitigating the negative outcome of these stressors on front-line employees. Specifically, organizational monetary compensation and spiritual support can help alleviate the negative consequences of either occupational stigma or work dirtiness, while customer compliments are effective for dealing with both stressors. Based on the findings, this study provided theoretical contributions, practical implications, and suggestions for potential research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Microbial community heterogeneity, network stability of restored mangrove forests (RMF) and natural mangrove forests (NMF) were compared. • A "broad-coverage and sparse-spot" sampling for microbial diversity was proposed. • RMF exhibited a higher heterogeneity in microbial communities than NMF. • RMF showed a higher network stability but lower complexity than NMF. • Myxococcales and Cercozoa were community indicators of RMF and NMF, respectively. Mangrove wetlands, characterized by high biodiversity and crucial ecological functions, have witnessed extensive restoration efforts in China in recent decades. Despite the successful recovery of standing vegetation, the alterations in below-ground microbial communities, vital engines for completing biogeochemical cycles in wetlands, remain poorly understood. Here, the prokaryotic and microeukaryotic communities in restored mangrove forests (RMF) and natural mangrove forests (NMF) in Shenzhen, the world's first International Mangrove Center in China were investigated and compared. This work aimed to explore an appropriate sampling strategy for sedimentary microbial community biodiversity study and evaluate their heterogeneity and network stability in RMF and NMF. The results revealed that a "broad-coverage and sparse-spot" sampling strategy was conducive to ensuring a sufficient representation of microbial diversity in mangrove wetlands. Significant differences were found in microbial community structures of RMF and NMF, with the relative abundances of Myxococcales and Cerozoa as potential biomarkers, respectively. RMF displayed higher prokaryotic richness, microbial community dissimilarity, and spatial turnover rate compared to those of NMF, indicating greater microbial diversity and spatial heterogeneity in RMF. Meanwhile, the RMF microbial network was characterized by lower complexity but higher modularity, robustness, and the ratio of negative to positive cohesion. These demonstrated that microbiomes were shaped by stability constraints and the RMF microbial network was more stable and resistant to environmental variations than that of NMF. Interestingly, the stability of these microbial networks appeared to depend on the topological roles of key species rather than on their abundance. Overall, this study disclosed a kind of relationship between the aboveground elements of restored and natural mangrove forests and their belowground microbial communities. These findings provide references for comprehensive assessments of biodiversity, stability, and ecological restoration in mangrove ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant public health concern, prompting heightened attention to its treatment. Incretins, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, are intestinal peptides released after nutrient intake, known for their hypoglycemic effects in diabetes management. Recent advancements highlight the promising outcomes of GLP-1 receptor agonists in reducing CKD risk factors and improving renal outcomes. The multifaceted functions of GLP-1, such as its anti-obesity, anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-lipid, anti-inflammatory, and endothelial function protective properties, contribute to its potential as a therapeutic agent for CKD. Although experiments suggest the potential benefits of incretin in CKD, a comprehensive understanding of its specific mechanisms is still lacking. This review aims to provide a detailed examination of current evidence and potential future directions, emphasizing the promising yet evolving landscape of incretin agonists in the context of CKD. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• AGO inhibits bacterial growth in the aqueous environment. • Positive-charged AGO can breaks the balance between bacteria and phages. • AGO increases the diversity of microbiota in the aqueous environment. • The released AGO is more conducive to the proliferation of bacteria in acidic water. The widespread use of graphene family nanomaterials (GFNs) in mass production has resulted in their release into the atmosphere, soil and water environment through various processes. Among these, the water environment is particularly affected by GFN pollution. Our previous study has demonstrated the impact of graphene oxide (GO) on bacteria–phage interactions in natural systems. However, the effects of amino-functionalized GO with a positive charge on bacteria–phage interactions in aquatic environments remain unclear. In the present study, we found that amino-functionalized graphene oxide (AGO) (0.05 mg/mL) inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Y12. Furthermore, treating P. aeruginosa Y12 and phage with AGO (0.05 mg/mL) led to a reduced ratio of phage to bacteria, indicating that AGO can inhibit phage infection of bacteria. Additionally, the acidic environment exacerbated this effect by promoting electrostatic adsorption between the positively charged AGO and the negatively charged phage. Finally, a field water body intervention experiment showed that the richness and diversity of bacterial communities in six water samples changed due to AGO exposure, as revealed by Illumina analysis based on the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. These findings offer valuable insights into the environmental impacts of GFNs. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • CaCl 2 improved the emulsification performance of shrimp MP. • CaCl 2 induced molecular stretching of shrimp MP. • CaCl 2 improved the rheology properties and gel strength of shrimp MP. • CaCl 2 improved the digestibility of MP gel. In this study, the effects of CaCl 2 (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM) on the gelling and digestive properties of the myofibrillar protein (MP) in Litopenaeus vannamei were investigated. The results showed that increasing CaCl 2 concentration led to changes in the tertiary structure of MP. Specifically, compared with the control group, a 64.31 % increase in surface hydrophobicity and a 45.90 % decrease in the sulfhydryl group were observed after 100 mM CaCl 2 treatment. Correspondingly, the water holding capacity and strength of the MP gel increased by 24.46 % and 55.99 %, respectively. These changes were positively correlated with the rheological properties, microstructure pore size, and content of non-flowable water. The mechanical properties of MP gel were improved, and the microstructure became more compact with the increase in CaCl 2 concentration. Furthermore, the particle size of the digested MP gels decreased in the presence of CaCl 2 , which improved the digestion characteristics of MP gels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Outlines the mechanisms of natural color formation in aquatic products. • Summarises the discoloration mechanisms of aquatic products during storage. • Recapitulates the comprehensive factors that affect the color of aquatic products. • Discusses current cutting-edge technology in color preservation of aquatic products. • Recommends the development of high-quality prefabricated aquatic products. Color plays a pivotal role in guiding and assessing the industrial production of aquatic products due to the swift sensory perception of information through vision. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the following four aspects: (a) mechanisms governing natural color formation in aquatic products, (b) factors and mechanisms contributing to the discoloration of aquatic products, (c) cutting-edge methods for color analysis and detection, and (d) current valuable techniques for preserving color quality. The natural color of aquatic products is derived from skin chromatophores, endogenous pigment proteins, and astaxanthin. Discoloration of aquatic products can occur due to lipid oxidation, as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic browning. Furthermore, this review examines frontier color protective technologies, encompassing physical methods like ultra-high pressure, irradiation, and low-temperature plasma, as well as chemical methods involving natural preservatives. The findings of this study offer significant insights into the development of high-quality aquatic products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose a significant challenge in the medical field, particularly with the rising prevalence of diabetes. Consequently, there's a growing emphasis on devising effective prevention strategies to combat the high recurrence rate of these ulcers. Daily walking, while essential for maintaining a normal lifestyle and social interaction is also the primary source of external mechanical stress applied to the foot. Preserving the integrity of foot tissues during daily walking is critical for preventing foot ulcers. An increase in foot tissue temperature, a significant environmental factor induced by walking, can diminish the foot tissue's resistance to external mechanical stimuli by affecting tissue metabolism and biomechanical properties (tensile and compressive properties) during walking. This could be a key factor contributing to the high recurrence rate of foot ulcers, despite the advancement in clinical unloading protection technology. We propose a hypothesis that managing foot temperature and preventing a continuous temperature rise caused by walking could help protect the integrity of diabetic foot tissue. Long-term adherence to this approach could potentially reduce the incidence of DFUs. A clinical randomized controlled trial has been designed to evaluate this hypothesis from the aspects of tissue metabolism and biomechanical properties. This study aims to offer a novel method for protecting against DFUs and guide the design of foot aids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes-related slow healing of wounds is primarily driven by bacterial infections and angiogenesis disorder and presents a substantial hurdle in clinical treatment. To solve the above problems, an advanced multifunctional hydrogel system based on natural polymer was created here to facilitate wound healing in patients with chronic diabetes. The prepared dressing was composed of an outer hydrogel containing polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in dimethyl sulfoxide and water as binary solvents, and an inner hydrogel containing chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, flaxseed gum, and polyvinyl alcohol. Thus, a polysaccharide based bilayer hydrogel (BH) with superior mechanical strength and biocompatibility was created. This bilayer hydrogel could easily bind to dynamic tissue surfaces, thereby generating a protective barrier. Meanwhile, L-arginine-modified polyoxometalate (POM@L-Arg) nanoclusters were loaded in the inner hydrogel. They released NO when stimulated by the peroxide microenvironment of diabetic wounds. NO as a signal molecule regulated vascular tension and promoted cell proliferation and migration. Additionally, because of the synergistic effect of NO and the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, the hydrogel system exhibited excellent antibacterial performance. The NO released reduced the levels of proinflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in the diabetic wounds, which thus accelerated wound healing. In short, BH + POM@L-Arg is expected to serve as an ideal wound dressing as it exerts a good promotion effect on diabetes-related wound healing. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuropathic pain (NP) remains one of the world's most difficult problems, and people suffering from NP have their quality of life affected to a great extent and constantly suffer from pain. Sensitization of injurious receptors, ectopic firing of afferent nerves after nerve injury, and coupling between sympathetic and sensory neurons are involved in the onset or development of NP, but the pathogenesis of NP is still not well understood. We found that the ubiquitin system is involved in the pathogenesis of NP and has a crucial role in it. The ubiquitin system can be involved in the onset or reversal of NP by affecting ion channels, cellular signal transduction, glial cells, and the regulation of non-coding RNAs. This provides new ideas for the treatment of NP. The ubiquitin system may be a new effective target for the treatment of NP. A continued, in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of the ubiquitin system involved in NP could further refine the study of analgesic targets and improve pharmacological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Relationships of microbial corrosion and barnacle cement. • Infrared peaks of biofilm were found in the junction of barnacles and shipwreck. • Photoluminescence spectroscopy was used to identify the corrosion regions. Wooden shipwrecks submerged in underwater environments are susceptible to physical and biological corrosion. This study investigates the microscopic morphology and structural composition of barnacles and the wooden surface of the Yangtze Estuary II shipwreck. Analytical techniques, including optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier infrared transform spectroscopy (FTIR) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), were employed to analyze the corrosion processes. The findings have unveiled a distinct pattern of black corrosion, prominently concentrated within the interface region where barnacles attach to the wooden shipwreck. This corrosion primarily consists of FeS, FeS 2 and Fe 3 S 4 and exhibits a notable tendency to expand along the wooden surface to interior region. Additionally, a striking ultraviolet fluorescence phenomenon emanates from the barnacle cement within the adhesion region of barnacles and the wooden surface. This observation has led to the hypothesis that the origin of this black corrosion is intricately linked to the barnacle cement, its role in biological corrosion, and subsequent biomineralization processes. To conclude, this study provides an intricate account of the microbial corrosion process influenced by barnacle cement in the context of the wooden shipwreck. The research findings offer valuable insights that can serve as a point of reference in identifying the sources of disease and implementing protective measures for waterlogged wooden cultural relics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significance of the impact of trade on sustainable development cannot be overstated. Even though there is a large amount of literature examining the trade - environment connection, most of the studies that have been done so have primarily examined variables like trade openness and foreign direct investment, ignoring the impact of particular trade policy tools, like tariffs. Moreover, there is a pertinent concern about aggregation bias in aggregate estimations, which could lead to inaccurate assessments of the overall connections and potentially misguide policymakers. In contrast to the prevailing trend, this study delves into the influence of trade policy, specifically tariffs, on the environmental degradation in 20 African nations. The investigation also addresses the issue of aggregation bias, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the trade policy-environment link. The panel long-run estimates, employing the PMG estimator, reveal a significantly negative influence of tariffs on ecological footprints. This suggests that, in this context, tariffs do not create market inefficiency but rather contribute to strengthening environmental quality in the African sub-region. The findings underscore the importance of considering specific trade policy instruments in environmental policymaking. Policymakers in the region are presented with an opportunity to strategically utilize tariffs as a tool to address environmental degradation issues. The study further highlights that the relationship is negative at the panel level but positive at some of the individual country-level, indicating the presence of aggregation bias in estimating the trade policy-environmental dilapidation association on a panel scale. As aggregation bias may lead to misguided environmental policies, policymakers are prevailed on to carefully consider both panel and individual country-particular level when formulating trade and environmental strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of non-coding endogenous small-molecule, single-stranded RNAs, and it is involved in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation in plants and plays an important role in plant growth and development. Among them, miRNA156 regulates members of target SPL gene family and thus participates in plant growth and development, hormonal response and adversity stress. However, it has not been reported in ginseng. In this study, based on the previous analysis of the SPL gene family, the age-related and stably expressed SPL gene PgSPL24-09 was obtained in roots. The binding site of miRNA156 to this gene was analyzed using target gene prediction tools, and the interactions between miRNA156 and PgSPL24-09 gene were verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RT-qPCR. At the same time, miRNA156 silencing vector and overexpression vector were constructed and transformed into ginseng adventitious roots and Arabidopsis thaliana to analyze the molecular mechanism of miRNA156-SPL module in regulating the growth of ginseng adventitious roots. This study provides a theoretical basis for the in-depth study of the molecular role of miRNAs in ginseng growth, and also lays the foundation for the study of the role of miRNA156-SPL module in regulating the growth and development of ginseng. • miRNA156 can involve in the regulation of root growth and development in ginseng. • miRNA156 affects the contents of IAA, KT, and ABA in plants. • miRNA156 interacts with age-related gene PgSPL24-09 and negatively regulates its expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is commonly used as a texture enhancer due to its distinctive gelling properties. This study aimed to investigate the changes in gelling and digestive properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) in Litopenaeus vannamei when modified with varying KGM (1/40, 1/20, and 1/10 of the MP weight, respectively). The physicochemical properties of KGM-modified MP including secondary and tertiary structures, emulsibility, particle size, and protein aggregation were significantly affected. In contrast, the KGM treatment group (1/20 of MP weight, MK20) exhibited the highest storage modulus, loss modulus, and thermal stability of MP. This resulted in an improvement in the water holding capacity, the stability of the three-dimensional space network, and the strength of the heat-induced MP gels. In addition, the digestion behavior of MP gel could be regulated by modifying MP with KGM. When compared to control sample, the digestion rate and hydrolysis degree of MK20 increased by 16.63% and 1.32 times, respectively. However, it should be noted that excessive KGM could result in the formation of a viscous hydrogel that permeates with MP, causing a loose degradation structure and reducing sensitivity to digestive enzymes. The molecular docking results indicated that KGM interacted with MP through hydrogen bonding, primarily relying on its hydroxyl group. This interaction disrupted the α-spiral structure of MP and promoted the expansion of its structure, and ultimately affected the physicochemical properties of MP and its heat-induced gel. [Display omitted] • Hydroxyl of KGM modified the structure of MP by hydrogen bonding interactions. • KGM improved the emulsifying functional properties of MP. • KGM enhanced the mechanical properties and thermal stability of MP gels. • KGM promoted the digestive properties of MP gels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the "digital age", children have widespread access to electronic devices, potentially impacting inhibitory control (IC) development. We examined this association at both the behavioral and neural levels with two experiments. In Experiment 1, we assessed 188 participants (91 girls), averaging 37.74 months old, using maternal self-report questionnaire for screen time and Day-Night Task for IC measurement. In experiment 2, we evaluated 42 participants (24 girls), averaging 41.24 months old, using maternal self-report questionnaires for screen time, a modified version Flanker task for IC, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure neural activity during IC task. Results from Experiment 1 indicated a negative correlation between young children's screen media use time and IC, with high users performing worse IC performance than low users. Experiment 2 confirmed these findings and revealed marginally reduced activation in the left PFC among high users compared to low users, with a moderate effect size and weak supporting evidence. These preliminary results underscore a detrimental association between screen media use and IC, emphasizing the significance of restricting screen exposure in young children to prevent overexposure. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these results and draw causal conclusions. • Child screen media use time was negatively associated with inhibitory control. • High screen media user group (≥1 h/day) performance worse during inhibitory control task than low user group (<1 h/day). • High screen media user group had marginally lower activation in the PFC than the low user group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low temperature is one of the most important environmental factors limiting tea plants' geographic distribution and severely affects spring tea's yield and quality. Circadian components contribute to plant responses to low temperatures; however, comparatively little is known about these components in tea plants. In this study, we identified a core clock component the LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL , CsLHY , which is mainly expressed in tea plants' mature leaves, flowers, and roots. Notably, CsLHY maintained its circadian rhythmicity of expression in summer, but was disrupted in winter and held a high expression level. Meanwhile, we found that CsLHY expression rhythm was not affected by different photoperiods but was quickly broken by cold, and the low temperature induced and kept CsLHY expression at a relatively high level. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays confirmed that CsLHY can bind to the promoter of Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters 17 (CsSWEET17) and function as a transcriptional activator. Furthermore, suppression of CsLHY expression in tea leaves not only reduced CsSWEET17 expression but also impaired the freezing tolerance of leaves compared to the control. Our results demonstrate that CsLHY plays a positive role in the low-temperature response of tea plants by regulating CsSWEET17 when considered together. • The core clock component CsLHY is identified in tea plants • CsLHY expression hold a circadian rhythm in summer • Low temperature directly intervenes and induces CsLHY transcription • CsLHY positively regulates cold tolerance by activating CsSWEET17 in tea plants [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • S. Typhimurium showed strong desiccation resistance over 30 days. • Bacterial glycogen declined on D1 but increased back to a high level afterward. • Glycogen anabolism and catabolism were active throughout the desiccation process. • glgA and glgC insertion mutants displayed weaken desiccation resistance. • The role of glycogen in desiccation resistance varied over time. Salmonella enterica is known to survive in desiccate environments and is often associated with low-moisture foods (LMFs). In this work, S. Typhimurium ATCC 14028 was found to survive better by achieving the least reductions (3.17 ± 0.20 Log CFU reduction) compared to S. Tennessee ATCC 10722 (3.82 ± 0.13 Log CFU reduction) and S. Newport ATCC 6962 (6.03 ± 0.36 Log CFU reduction) after 30 days on surfaces with a relative humidity of 49% at ambient temperature. A metabolomic analysis revealed that S. Typhimurium was still active in energy metabolism after 24 h in the desiccate environment and glycogen, an energy reserve, was drastically reduced. We followed up on the glycogen levels over 30 days and found indeed a sharp decline on the first day. However, the glycogens detected on day 7 were significantly higher (P < 0.05) and thereafter remained stable above the original levels until day 30. The expression levels of both glycogen anabolism- and catabolism-related genes (csrA , glgA , glgC , glgX) were significantly up-regulated at all tested points (P < 0.05). The glgA and glgC insertion mutants displayed weaker survivability on both dry surfaces and in representative LMFs (flour and milk powder) compared to the wild-type strain. This work highlights the role of glycogen during different periods of desiccation, which may bring novel insight into mitigating Salmonella by disrupting glycogen metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]