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This paper provides an editorial to the Collection of MCSS Papers dedicated to Eduardo D. Sontag on the occasion of his 70th birthday. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While tolerance is recognised as important, especially to diverse societies, understanding tolerance poses complexities, both theoretically and in practical application. Tolerance is relevant in different social contexts, yet these pose distinct challenges to measurement. Thus, understanding the measurement of tolerance is important. This study provides a systematic review of tolerance scales, with the procedure based on the PRISMA statement. The initial collection of over 1600 papers through the systematic review process yielded a set of 11 papers. These papers trace the development of tolerance scales to encompass distinct social contexts over time, including political, cultural, ethnic and racial, racial and religious, gender and sexual, and social. Correspondingly, the approaches reflect particular challenges relevant to these domains for understanding and measuring tolerance. In contrast, some recent contributions aim to develop broader, less context-specific means to assess tolerance. Notwithstanding the breadth of articles included, this systematic review yielded articles that covered only selected Western-centric geographies: this indicates the opportunity for further research to access and integrate non-English-language articles to broaden the geographical and cultural perspectives on tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This editorial describes the selection process and the collection of articles selected for presentation for the Proceedings Track of the ISMB 2024 conference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although unidentified flying objects (UFOs) have long held the public's attention, most research has been conducted by federal agencies who have typically restricted access to such research by classifying or denying the research altogether.1 As a result, countless researchers have taken it upon themselves to investigate the phenomenon over the decades with some of this research making its way into publicly accessible archives. This study provides a history of UFO-related research and archival collections, through an examination of trends gleaned via an inventory of publicly accessible physical collections. The study found that within North America there are sixty-two unique, non-federal collections spread across universities, museums, public libraries, and historical societies. Twenty-two of these collections exclusively contain UFO research content. Collections were created by those who thought UFOs were misidentified objects (the original federal conclusion) and those who believed that there was more to the phenomenon. UFO archival collections started to catch on in the 1970s and are amongst the most popular at their institutions today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We often encounter situations in which an undesirable outcome is brought about through a series or collection of seemingly inconsequential actions. This phenomenon, referred to as the inefficacy paradox, occurs both intrapersonally and collectively. Paradoxically, while we have good reason to avoid such patterns of action, there appears to be no compelling reason to abstain from any of the individual actions constituting such a pattern given its trivial impact. This paper scrutinizes Chrisoula Andreou's prominent endeavor to resolve the inefficacy paradox in both the intrapersonal and the collective context by utilizing their structural similarity. While her approach may prove successful in intrapersonal cases, the applicability of the proposed solution to collective cases is, I argue, ultimately limited. This is due to a fundamental dissimilarity between these two kinds of cases, which I lay out in the paper. This insight may also shed light on the transferability of other proposed solutions to the inefficacy paradox from the intrapersonal to the collective context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Algorithmica gratefully acknowledges the editorial work of the Guest Editors listed below. The special issue features 6 extended special issue papers which have been rigorously reviewed according to journal standards. The papers are available via the "Collections" link on the Algorithmica homepage.Frank Neumann, University of Adelaide, AustraliaAndrew M. Sutton, University of Minnesota – Duluth, USAPublisher's NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. [Extracted from the article]

This Themed Intervention consists of short papers written by nine plenary speakers at the 2024 Annual Conference of the Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers plus a paper by the Society's Cartographic Collections Manager. In this introduction, I explain why I chose mapping as the conference Chair's theme. I give a sense of how the relationship between geography and mapping has been addressed through previous conference addresses and themes. I then explore three types of cartographic genealogies. The first shows how histories of cartography traditionally took the form of family trees. The second explores disjunctures between previous phases of cartography and brings us to current definitions of mapping. The third genealogy is that of previously subjugated forms of mapping knowledge and practice which are now defining features of the field (critical quantitative; empire, race, and Indigenous; counter‐; representational and more‐than‐representational). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During February 2020, a 300 m3 slope failure occurred within a trunk road earthwork at Brecon, Wales, leading to the initial closure of all four lanes of the dual carriageway. As part of Welsh Government's strategy for climate resilient infrastructure and in accordance with the CD622 Managing Geotechnical Risk framework, the site investigation commenced in 2020 and proceeded through various phases to the completion of remedial works in 2022. This paper discusses the approach to management of geotechnical risk for the scheme, from desk study through implementation of an on-slope ground investigation and interim risk mitigation, to design and implementation of the remedial measures. The paper describes the nature and trigger of the landslide case study, adaptations in the design phase to provide resilience to geohazards and future climatic conditions, the constraints that were overcome during the site works and measures taken to manage residual risk and ensure ease of maintenance. Thematic collection: This article is part of the Geo-resilience and infrastructure collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/geo-resilience-and-infrastructure [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation In recent years, the focus of bioinformatics research has moved from individual sequences to collections of sequences. Given the fundamental role of the Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT) in string processing, a number of dedicated tools have been developed for computing the BWT of string collections. While the focus has been on improving efficiency, both in space and time, the exact definition of the BWT used has not been at the center of attention. As we show in this paper, the different tools in use often compute non-equivalent BWT variants: the resulting transforms can differ from each other significantly, including the number r of runs, a central parameter of the BWT. Moreover, with many tools, the transform depends on the input order of the collection. In other words, on the same dataset, the same tool may output different transforms if the dataset is given in a different order. Results We studied 18 dedicated tools for computing the BWT of string collections and were able to identify 6 different BWT variants computed by these tools. We review the differences between these BWT variants, both from a theoretical and from a practical point of view, comparing them on eight real-life biological datasets with different characteristics. We find that the differences can be extensive, depending on the datasets, and are largest on collections of many similar short sequences. The parameter r , the number of runs of the BWT, also shows notable variation between the different BWT variants; on our datasets, it varied by a multiplicative factor of up to 4.2. Availability and implementation Source code and scripts to replicate the results and download the data used in the article are available at https://github.com/davidecenzato/BWT-variants-for-string-collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

William J. Woodhouse was honorary curator of the Nicholson Museum, University of Sydney, from 1904 until 1937. During his curatorship he undertook a significant acquisition of plaster casts to enhance the representation of Greek and Italian sculpture alongside the existing ceramics collection. At its height the collection included well over 250 plaster casts and reproductions. Today the majority of the cast collection has been deaccessioned and, instead, his personal collections of ceramic sherds and photography, donated after her father's death by his daughter Liska Woodhouse, have become Woodhouse's curatorial legacy. This paper introduces Woodhouse's role as curator, and examines each of his unique collections to analyse how Woodhouse himself conceived of his legacy and the reality represented in the Nicholson collection today. Central to this paper is an exploration of how collecting priorities and the perception of authenticity and narrative value changed in museums of antiquities during the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Adab / Al-ādāb is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper discusses the re-animation of a geography departmental collection through a study of the archives and map collection of the School of Geography, University of Nottingham. The discussion is situated within parallel examples of work on geographical archives and map collections, and wider debates on engagement with archival sources. The paper considers how a previously dormant collection has been re-animated in recent years, conveys the range of source material involved, and discusses the possibilities of digitisation. The paper thereby raises questions which could be asked of the holdings of any academic department, from whatever time period. • The first detailed study of the re-animation of a geography departmental archival and map collection. • Shows a variety of original source material including photographic slides, plans, maps and posters. • Connects the study of a specific archive and map collection to wider debates on engagement with archival sources. • Examines the possibilities and implications of digitising analogue archival material. • Raises questions which could be asked of any archives and collections held by academic departments, from whatever period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the obstacles to studying and using displaced radio archives, taking as a case study a collection of historic recordings from Nazi Germany that is held at the Czech Radio archive in Prague. This so-called 'Loot Collection' (Kořistní fond) occupies an awkward position between established categories and is confronted simultaneously by the challenges common to historic sound archives, and those specific to collections which have been displaced from their point of origin. The paper shares some early analysis of the history and content of this collection, and argues for a transnational approach to 'activate' other overlooked archival collections whose history and relevance spreads across contemporary national borders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There exists widespread evidence that the Near Eastern societies manufactured seals. However, among these, South Arabian seals remain largely neglected while performing various particularly revealing functions. For instance, the practice of sealing allowed for the explicit expression of ownership as well as the act of witnessing in legal matters. More broadly, seals were a means of articulating individual identities and reinforcing communal belonging. This paper is the first study on the seals of ancient South Arabia after the unpublished Ph.D. dissertation by Diana P. Wong (1999. "Stamp Seals of the Ancient Yemen." Unpublished PhD diss., Berkely). It investigates a corpus comprising 85 published seals currently held in museums and private collections across three continents. After providing a brief survey of the region's history, this article analyses the epigraphic and iconographic content carved on the corpus, offering some reflections on the typology and characteristics of the seals, as well as on the society of ancient South Arabia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first microbial culture collection was established in 1890, and subsequently, over the course of the twentieth century, the number of culture collections grew substantially. One such collection was the CABI-IMI Genetic Resources Collection, informally initiated at the origins of the Commonwealth Mycological Institute in 1920 and established as a UK National Collection in 1947. Its holdings reflect the activities of CABI in agriculture and the environment. Like many collections, it was originally established as a taxonomic reference resource. Over the years, deposits have included strains isolated from disease outbreaks in major crops from all parts of the world. Recent developments in genome sequencing technology and bioinformatic analysis have opened up the potential to characterise historic strains to shed more insights on their biology and evolution. In this paper we describe how the resources held within the CABI-IMI culture collection have helped track the emergence and divergence of Fusarium xylarioides, the coffee wilt pathogen, with a specific focus on the evolution of pathogenicity. Such studies illustrate the value held within the world's culture collections—their importance in underpinning science and developing our understanding and evolution of plant diseases as well as how the impact of disease can be mitigated in response to climate change, in order to increase yields and feed the world's burgeoning population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, the genus Mimomyagrus Breuning, 1970 is synonymized with Combe Thomson, 1864, and Mimomyagrus pfanneri Breuning, 1970 is considered a junior synonym of Combe brianus (White, 1858). The female of Arctolamia sinica Bi & Chen, 2022 is described for the first time and this species is reported as new to Myanmar. Type material of Lamia punctator Fabricius, 1776 [= Anoplophora chinensis (Forster, 1771)], Cerambyx galloprovincialis Olivier, 1800 [= Monochamus galloprovincialis (Olivier, 1800)] and Melanauster granulipennis Breuning, 1938 [= Monochamus guerryi Pic, 1903] are confirmed to be preserved in Natural History Museum, London. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper raises the theme of the history of Lampung in the old newspaper collection. The old newspaper collection is one of the rare collections in the National Library of Indonesia. Rare newspaper collections, apart from being a primary source in historical research, have other characteristics that are not shared by the collection of books or other collections in the National Library of Indonesia. This is the background of this research. This research used a descriptive analysis method. It observed and analyzed several collections of selected rare newspapers representing various periods from the Dutch colonial era, the Japanese occupation period, era of the independence revolution, and the old order government to the new order government period. The newspaper collections selected were those that contained information about Lampung from different periods. This is to prove that there are many traces of Lampung's history in old newspaper collections and they are not minor sources of data. There is a lot of important data that can become primary sources for historical research on Lampung. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language's capacity to shape and perpetuate ideologies, cultural values, and social conditions is well-established across linguistic theory. From this perspective, combatting linguistic prejudice and promoting language equity are key to contemporary cultural concerns around challenging prescriptivist worldviews and disrupting hegemonic historical perspectives. Institutional collections represent promising staging grounds for such efforts, with wide reach and accessibility, but are typically focused and curated in mainstream language varieties. This paper explores how institutional collections may correct this homogeneity, through connecting materials containing regional/social language varieties, including those of community archives, into collections more representative of diverse linguistic and cultural landscapes. Using an AHRC-funded project integrating communitygenerated content into the UK national collection as example, this paper addresses challenges and makes recommendations for effectively valorising language varieties in institutional collections. Consequently, this paper argues for the potential of linguistically diverse institutional collections as transformative tools for promoting language equity and reducing linguistic prejudice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a semantic analysis of a collection of articles on maintenance policies through the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) methodology. The research comprises two periods. The first, from 2000 and 2018, aims to reveal the habits of organizational maintenance policies before the second period, from 2019 to 2023, and verify the differences in current trends in maintenance policies compared to the past. With technologies associated with cyber-physical systems and Industry 4.0, a change in organizational models and maintenance policies is expected. The results obtained through the LDA methodology show changes in the maintenance design, namely the intensification of the maintainability concept, schedule optimization, and the integration of technologies enablers of smart production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given graphs F and G, a perfect F-tiling in G is a collection of vertex-disjoint copies of F in G that together cover all the vertices in G. The study of the minimum degree threshold forcing a perfect F-tiling in a graph G has a long history, culminating in the Kühn--Osthus theorem [D. Kühn and D. Osthus, Combinatorica, 29 (2009), pp. 65-107] which resolves this problem, up to an additive constant, for all graphs F. In this paper we initiate the study of the analogous question for edge-ordered graphs. In particular, we characterize for which edge-ordered graphs F this problem is well-defined. We also apply the absorbing method to asymptotically determine the minimum degree threshold for forcing a perfect P-tiling in an edge-ordered graph, where P is any fixed monotone path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the framework of a research project based at the Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne exploring collections of Lucanian objects in various countries, this study focuses on the collections currently held in Spain. By following the biographies of these Lucanian antiquities and tracing their journey from Italy to Spain, the paper also outlines the history of Spanish antiquities collections, from the royal collections of the eighteenth century, when the Bourbons ruled over both Spain and the Kingdom of Naples, to the rare aristocratic collections of the early nineteenth century and the more prolific collections of prominent figures like the Marquess of Salamanca in the second half of the century. It also looks at a few items acquired on the art market during the second half of the twentieth century. In covering this ground, the paper enhances our knowledge of Lucanian collections while highlighting the particularities of Spanish collecting during this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pezizales are a diverse and economically important order of fungi. They are common in the environment, having epigeous form, such as morels and hypogeous, forms called truffles. The mature ascospores of most epigeous Pezizales are forcibly discharged through an opening at the ascus apex created with the lifting of the operculum, a lid-like structure specific to Pezizales. The axenic cultures of Pezizales fungi isolated from single ascospores are important for understanding the life cycle, development, ecology, and evolution of these fungi. However, obtaining single-spore isolates can be challenging, particularly for collections obtained in locations where sterile work environments are not available. In this paper, we introduce an accessible method for harvesting ascospores from fresh ascomata in the field and laboratory for obtaining single-spore isolates. Ascospores are harvested on the inside cover of Petri plate lids in the field, air dried, and stored. At a later date, single-spore isolates are axenically cultured through serial dilution and plating on antibiotic media. With this approach, we were able to harvest ascospores and obtain single-spore isolates from 12 saprotrophic and 2 ectomycorrhizal species belonging to six Pezizales families: Discinaceae, Morchellaceae, Pezizaceae, Pyronemataceae, Sarcosomataceae, and Sarcoscyphaceae. This method worked well for saprotrophic taxa (12 out of 19 species, 63%) and was even effective for a few ectomycorrhizal taxa (2 out of 13 species, 15%). This process was used to study the initial stages of spore germination and colony development in species across several Pezizales families. We found germination often commenced with the swelling of the spore, followed by the emergence of 1–8 germ tubes. This method is sufficiently straightforward that, provided with sterile Petri dishes, citizen scientists from distant locations could use this approach to capture spores and subsequently mail them with voucher specimens to a research laboratory for further study. The generated single-spore Pezizales isolates obtained through this method were used to generate high-quality genomic data. Isolates generated in this fashion can be used in manipulative experiments to better understand the biology, evolution, and ecogenomics of Pezizales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a comprehensive collection of facts, this paper conceptually outlines and graphically visualizes five powerful political-economic change drivers that are bound to shape the world in the medium term. These "megacycle trends" include: (1) Liberal democracies under attack; (2) Fight against multiethnicity and multiculturality; (3) Increase in global debt; (4) Emergence of a multicentric world; and (5) Slowing of China's rise. To succeed, it is of crucial importance for a powerful group of innovative leaders around the world to understand, shape, and leverage these inflective global supertrends together with inspired and aligned followers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a wind-speed-adaptive resonant piezoelectric energy harvester for offshore wind energy collection (A-PEH). The device incorporates a coil spring structure, which sets the maximum threshold of the output rotational frequency, allowing the A-PEH to maintain a stable output rotational frequency over a broader range of wind speeds. When the maximum output excitation frequency of the A-PEH falls within the sub-resonant range of the piezoelectric beam, the device becomes wind-speed-adaptive, enabling it to operate in a sub-resonant state over a wider range of wind speeds. Offshore winds exhibit an annual average speed exceeding 5.5 m/s with significant variability. Drawing from the characteristics of offshore winds, a prototype of the A-PEH was fabricated. The experimental findings reveal that in wind speed environments, the device has a startup wind speed of 4 m/s, and operates in a sub-resonant state when the wind speed exceeds 6 m/s. At this point, the A-PEH achieves a maximum open-circuit voltage of 40 V and an average power of 0.64 mW. The wind-speed-adaptive capability of the A-PEH enhances its ability to harness offshore wind energy, showcasing its potential applications in offshore wind environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Token Sliding problem we are given a graph G and two independent sets I s and I t in G of size k ≥ 1 . The goal is to decide whether there exists a sequence ⟨ I 1 , I 2 , ... , I ℓ ⟩ of independent sets such that for all j ∈ { 1 , ... , ℓ - 1 } the set I j is an independent set of size k, I 1 = I s , I ℓ = I t and I j ▵ I j + 1 = { u , v } ∈ E (G) . Intuitively, we view each independent set as a collection of tokens placed on the vertices of the graph. Then, the problem asks whether there exists a sequence of independent sets that transforms I s into I t where at each step we are allowed to slide one token from a vertex to a neighboring vertex. In this paper, we focus on the parameterized complexity of Token Sliding parameterized by k. As shown by Bartier et al. (Algorithmica 83(9):2914–2951, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-021-00848-1), the problem is W[1]-hard on graphs of girth four or less, and the authors posed the question of whether there exists a constant p ≥ 5 such that the problem becomes fixed-parameter tractable on graphs of girth at least p. We answer their question positively and prove that the problem is indeed fixed-parameter tractable on graphs of girth five or more, which establishes a full classification of the tractability of Token Sliding parameterized by the number of tokens based on the girth of the input graph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to study the sufficient conditions for the existence of attractor of a generalized cyclic iterated function system composed of a complete metric space and a finite collection of generalized cyclic Γ-contraction mappings. Some examples are presented to support our main results and concepts defined herein. The results proved in the paper extend and generalize various well known results in the existing literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2018, the University of Birmingham, UK, hosted a weekend of events for the Association for Environmental Archaeology (AEA)'s spring conference 'Pests of Society'. The event was organised in collaboration with Historic England – the publicly-funded 'Arms-Length Body' with statutory responsibility for the historic environment in England. During the course of the one day conference and workshop the following day, multiple aspects were covered of how pests have interacted, and continue to interact, with humans and their day-to-day activities, as well as their presence in the wider landscape. This paper outlines and describes the meeting, introducing the range of topics covered, and summarises the papers that have been published in the resulting special issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Australian mining projects frequently undertake cultural salvage, involving archaeological consultants and Aboriginal Elders to identify important artefacts. However, the storage conditions within shipping containers present challenges, such as weather, insects, and limited access for Traditional Owners. The author, reflecting on his experience working as a project heritage advisor in Western Australia's Pilbara region, emphasises the need for collaborative engagement between the mining sector and Aboriginal communities to develop effective storage strategies that prioritise both scientific integrity and cultural significance. The author raises questions about the purpose and sustainability of storing cultural artefacts in containers, while highlighting the need to balance safeguarding heritage with the evolving needs of Indigenous communities. Ultimately, the author emphasises the importance of empowering Traditional Owners in decisions about artefact storage and engaging in meaningful consultation to preserve cultural heritage. The author suggests that the process should prioritise not just tangible artefacts but also intangible aspects like stories and songlines that make up the living Indigenous culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Botanic gardens and arboreta are amongst our most loved public spaces. There are over 2500 botanic gardens and arboreta across the world visited by an estimated half a billion people each year. In addition to their cultural value, botanic gardens and arboreta undertake world‐leading scientific research to address global challenges. This virtual issue highlights key articles that feature research linked to the work of botanic gardens, arboreta and herbaria. The papers give a sense of the diverse research endeavours of these institutions, from evaluating biodiversity loss, and conservation of critically endangered species through understanding the importance of ecosystem services that plants provide to people and addressing societal and global challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the discovery of a vast corpus of indigenous legal contracts (‘arraten’) in the Morocco Atlas Mountains. The documents comprise about 400 years of written records. A collection of this magnitude has never before been reported, and such documents have not as of yet been systematically amassed for examination, preservation and study. The amount of documents discovered by us, and remaining in situ, is likely to exceed 5000 items. This is in addition to our own private collection which is in excess of 4000 pieces. We estimate that the entire body of documents written on wood in the Anti-Atlas Mountains is likely to be no less than 100,000 pieces and may very well exceed 500,000. In addition to this, between 40,000 and 150,000 paper documents likely exist. Here we report our preliminary studies of those manuscripts. Our collection is available to anyone and donation to suitable institutions will be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the concept of μF-subgroup is introduced. It is proved that in finite cyclic groups 풞n, the collection LμF(풞n) of all μF-subgroups of 풞n is a sublattice of L(풞n). It is also proved that LμF(풞m ×풞n) is not a sublattice of L(풞m ×풞n) in general. Further, a characterization is obtained for LμF(풞m ×풞n) to be a sublattice of L(풞m ×풞n). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the influence of electrode configuration on corona discharge and particle collection under ambient climatic conditions in Blade-to-Plane Electrostatic Precipitator (BP-ESP). In an experimental-scale electrostatic precipitator (BP-ESP), electrodes of different shapes (blade, saw blade with small tooth, and saw blade with large tooth) were tested. The experiments were performed with three types of dust particles having a mean size of about 5 µm, 10 µm, and 45 µm. An aerosol spectrometer was used to characterize the chemical composition of these dust particles injected into the ESP. Different DC-applied voltages have been taken into account for both positive and negative polarities. Results showed that a high current was generated with a saw blade electrode with large teeth which increased the particle collection efficiency, for both polarities. The negative corona discharge is overall more effective than the positive one for the different configurations of electrodes and dust particles used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the American Institute for Conservation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For a stability condition |$\sigma $| on a triangulated category, Dimitrov–Katzarkov introduced the notion of a |$\sigma $| -exceptional collection. In this paper, we study full |$\sigma $| -exceptional collections in the derived category of an acyclic quiver. In particular, we prove that any stability condition |$\sigma $| on the derived category of a Dynkin quiver admits a full |$\sigma $| -exceptional collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discussions surrounding digital libraries and their metadata have become less robust than before, given that creating and hosting digital collections have become the norm for most cultural heritage institutions over the last 20 years. Consequently, there are fewer discussions of how the characteristics of digital collections and their metadata have changed over time. This article showcases the evolution of digital collections and their metadata at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) Library in the last 20 years. It discusses the growth of its collections and their characteristics, examines historical changes in the use of metadata elements, and explores responses to the changing nature of digitized and born-digital materials. Based on a large-scale data analysis of the digital collections and their metadata housed in UIUC Digital Library, the paper also examines the challenges and opportunities of the curation and management of digital collections and digital libraries in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste collection is an important logistic operation that is often inefficient due to the high uncertainty associated with bin fill levels, resulting either in routes that visit empty bins or in bins overflowing due to lack of routes. To reduce such uncertainty, sensors installed in the bins can provide real‐time information on waste levels. However, this is not enough, and the management of this information needs to be combined with dynamic optimization approaches to effectively design smart collection routes. This paper investigates this challenge and uses real‐time information on waste levels, treated through machine learning techniques, to feed a dynamic reverse inventory routing optimization model. The resulting data‐driven optimization approach allows the definition of a medium‐term collection route plan that can be updated daily as new information becomes available. To demonstrate the applicability of such an approach, a real‐world case is solved, and the results show significant improvements in operational efficiency and service levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of the sea route around the Cape by Vasco da Gama in 1498 opened the maritime trade between Europe, East Africa and India. At this time, Mozambique Island played a significant role mediating this maritime network. As a result, an impressive amount of underwater cultural heritage was created, but it was heavily impacted over the last decade by commercial salvage activities. In the aftermath of the impacts from treasure hunting, this paper presents an on-going (re-)interpretation and assessment of indicative archaeological artefacts recovered from the Nossa Senhora da Consolação wreck (1608). The on-going (re-)interpretation is based on comparative analysis with artefact assemblages recovered in other contemporary shipwrecks and terrestrial sites around the world. Results suggest that Nossa Senhora da Consolação was a ship integrated in global trading networks, which met its fate at Mozambique Island due to commercial competition and access to the strategic coastal position between the Portuguese and the Dutch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that any n-absorbing ideal must be strongly n-absorbing, which is the first of Anderson and Badawi's three interconnected conjectures on absorbing ideals. We prove this by introducing and studying objects called maximal and semimaximal collections, which are tools for analyzing the multiplicative ideal structure of commutative rings. Furthermore, we discuss and make heavy use of previous work on absorbing ideals done by Anderson and Badawi, Choi and Walker, Laradji, and Donadze, among others. At the end of this paper, we pose three conjectures, each of which implies the last unsolved conjecture made by Anderson and Badawi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For any real α ∈ [ 0 , 1 ] , define the matrix A α (G) as A α (G) = α D (G) + (1 − α) A (G). The collection of eigenvalues of A α (G) together with multiplicities is called the A α -spectrum of G. A graph G is said to be determined by its A α -spectrum if any graph that is A α -cospectral with G is isomorphic to G. Lin et al. (2019) proposed characterizing graphs G determined by their A α -spectra such that G ∨ K m (m ≥ 1) are also determined by their A α -spectra for α ∈ (1 2 , 1). In this paper, we get that if G ∈ { K 2 , ... , 2 ︸ ⌊ n 2 ⌋ − 1 ∨ (K 1 ∪ K 2) , K 2 , ... , 2 ︸ n 2 , ⋃ i = 1 t C s i , ⋃ i = 1 t C s i ¯ , ⋃ i = 1 t P s i , F n , n K 1 } , then G and G ∨ K m (m ≥ 2) are both determined by their A α -spectra for α ∈ (1 2 , 1) , which generalizes some results of Lin, Liu and Xue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Warwick Shaffron, held in the collections of the Royal Armouries (VI.446) is the earliest extant example of a European medieval shaffron on public display anywhere in the world. In addition to its early date, the shaffron is also considered exceptional because of its seemingly formidable size, coupled with apparent physical evidence of battle damage. This study sheds new light on the Warwick Shaffron through the application of an original measurement methodology developed through the AHRC-funded 'Warhorse Project' and applied to shaffrons in the collections of the Royal Armouries. Drawing upon the Warhorse Project's wider findings on medieval horse stature, this paper critically discusses what shaffrons can tell us about the size of the mounts that wore them. A headline finding is that the dimensions of the Warwick Shaffron are entirely compatible with what we know about the size range of medieval horses at the time of its manufacture, albeit towards the upper end of the range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, convergences of a filter and a net have been characterized through ideal on topological spaces. Furthermore, we characterized the local function in an ideal topological space in terms of convergence of filter. Using Zorn's Lemma, we have found a maximal element in the collection of all proper ideals on a nonempty set which is called maximal ideal. We provide a convenient characterization of maximal ideals. We also consider simple properties of the image of an ideal, a net and various local functions under a homeomorphism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Galls (also known as cecidia) have been studied by botanists, zoologists and microbiologists over the last century. Indeed, galls can be induced by different animals, bacteria, viruses and fungi, so that their presence simultaneously attested the presence of specific host plants and gall-inducing species. Consequently, gall collections, also known as cecidological herbaria or cecidological collections, can be interesting to study biodiversity changes over time. This review describes the main cecidological collections currently available in different European museums in order to stimulate their future study. The present analysis suggests that well-organized and preserved cecidological collections have great potential to guide research in taxonomy and systematics. Furthermore, this review aims to encourage future research on the conservation and digitisation standards of gall specimens in order to make cecidological data more accessible to researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is a highly virulent bacterium that poses a significant threat to human health. Preserving this bacterium in a viable state is crucial for research and diagnostic purposes. This paper presents and evaluates a simple lyophilization protocol for the long-term storage of Y. pestis strains from Fiocruz-CYP, aiming to explore its impact on viability and long-term stability, while replacing the currently used methodologies. The lyophilization tests were conducted using the non-virulent Y. pestis strain EV76, subjected to the lyophilization process under vacuum conditions. Viability assessment was performed to evaluate the effects of lyophilization and storage conditions on Y. pestis under multiple temperature conditions (− 80 °C, − 20 °C, 4–8 °C and room temperature). The lyophilization protocol employed in this study consistently demonstrated its efficacy in maintaining high viability rates for Y. pestis samples in a up to one year follow-up. The storage temperature that consistently exhibited the highest recovery rates was − 80 °C, followed by − 20 °C and 4–8 °C. Microscopic analysis of the post-lyophilized cultures revealed preserved morphological features, consistent with viable bacteria. The high viability rates observed in the preserved samples indicate the successful preservation of Y. pestis using this protocol. Overall, the presented lyophilization protocol provides a valuable tool for the long-term storage of Y. pestis, offering stability, viability, and functionality. By refining the currently used methods of lyophilization, this protocol can improve long-term preservation for Y. pestis strains collections, facilitating research efforts, diagnostic procedures, and the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies against plague. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a novel collections-based outreach model for special collections, underscoring the vital role of outreach in linking unique and distinctive collections (UDCs) with existing interest groups. Drawing from a series of successful events, focused on knitting, held at the McGill University Library between 2021 and 2023, the model recommends the use of creative initiatives to engage pre-existing communities. These initiatives attracted a global audience, extending far beyond the university campus, and fostered connections between cultural heritage collections and specialized communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time poverty remains a critical issue for water access across the globe. However, research on the time spent for water collection and the factors associated with collection time inequalities and access heterogeneities is limited, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing on the 2014 Ghana's Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data, and statistical and spatial analysis, we apply the concept of "everydayness" of water collection time poverty to examine the factors associated with water collection time inequalities and access heterogeneities of drinking water sources in Ghana. Our analysis shows that 8.6% of households face drinking water collection time poverty and this is prevalent and significant across different socio-economic groups and geographies. The observed geographical heterogeneity and collection time inequality in drinking water sources in this paper adds to the literature in terms of variation in household water insecurity across time and space. The water policy implications of these findings are discussed, and we highlight strategies to rethink drinking water security in the Global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]