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Tin-based sulfides, such as SnS2, have garnered attention as lithium-ion anode materials due to their layer structure and high conductivity capacity. However, during the lithium alloying/dealloying cycles, SnS2 material exhibits a rapid capacity decay due to the volume expansion, which hinders the application of SnS2. In this study, a heterostructure composite material anchored on exfoliated graphite, designated as nano SnS2S3/Sn3S4/FeS/Fe7S8 anchored on 15.0 wt% exfoliated graphite (FSS/G-15%), was synthesized by heating a mixture of inexpensive reducing agent Fe powder and SnS2 powder, followed by ball milling with 15.0 wt% commercial graphite. Experimental results demonstrated that FSS/G-15% had exhibited optimal overall Li+ storage performance, achieving approximately 1306.7, 1199.2, 1033.1, 882.3, 707.3, 507, 366.3, 255.6, and 203.5 mA hg−1 at current densities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 Ag−1, respectively, surpassing the majority of SnS2-based anode materials. The simplicity and efficiency of the synthetic method may have potential implications in various fields in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The burden of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has increased rapidly in China. Using the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data, we assessed the risk factors of premature ASCVD (age of diagnosis: <55 years for men and <65 years for women). Propensity score matching was used to reduce selection bias. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards analyses indicated that factors associated with increased risk of premature ASCVD included hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio [HRadj.] = 1.68), obesity (HRadj. = 1.64), and high carbohydrate intake (HRadj. = 1.46). Conversely, participants with medical insurance (HRadj. = 0.42), high urbanization index (HRadj. = 0.53), and high household income (HRadj. = 0.48) had lower risk of premature ASCVD. When comparing premature vs non-premature ASCVD participants, those who were obese (HRadj. = 2.08) or living in more urbanized areas had higher hazards of early onset (HRadj. = 2.29). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of efficient, non-toxic, and cost-effective white-light emitters is crucial for advancing lighting technology. Here, we present a groundbreaking study on a new all-inorganic perovskite crystal, CsCaCl3:Mn2+, which exhibits temperature sensing and hue-tunable white light emission. The CsCaCl3 matrix emits broad blue light at 455 nm due to self-trapped exciton (STE) emission. Upon Mn2+ doping, the CsCaCl3:Mn2+ crystal emits broad yellow light at 555 nm, originating from the Mn2+ 4T1(G)–6A1(S) transition. Increasing Mn2+ concentration led to a decrease in blue emission intensity, accompanied by enhanced yellow emission, suggesting an energy transfer from STEs to Mn2+. The enhanced stability of CsCaCl3:Mn2+ compared to pure CsCaCl3 is demonstrated through thermal analysis. The distinctive temperature-dependent responses of STE and Mn2+ emissions in CsCaCl3:Mn2+ suggest its potential application in temperature sensing. The synthesis process for this luminescent crystal is both straightforward and scalable, making it a promising candidate for large-scale applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new type of negative electrode material for SIBs, (iron germanium sulfide) Fe2GeS4 is considered a highly promising negative electrode material for SIBs owing to its high theoretical capacity, fast Na+ diffusion kinetics, and good thermal stability. In practical applications, it is crucial to synthesize the high-capacity/reversible nanostructured Fe2GeS4-based negative electrodes through an easily executable method. In this study, a two-step synthesis method to prepare nanostructured Fe2GeS4 anchored on graphite (Fe2GeS4/G-15%) was employed: the commercial FeS, S, and Ge powders were mixed and heated, and then graphite was added for ball milling. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that there is a strong interaction between the nanostructured Fe2GeS4 powder and the exfoliated graphite, forming a highly stable nanocomposite material, which is beneficial for improving the reversible charge-discharge performance of the material. When used as a negative electrode material for SIBs, the prepared Fe2GeS4/G-15% exhibited a capacity of 665.5 mAh g−1 during the second cycle at 0.1 A g−1 and could maintain a capacity of 519 mAh g−1 even after the 60th cycle. Considering the simple synthesis process employed in this study, it provides a reference for the production of high-performance Fe2GeS4-based negative electrode materials for SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of environmentally friendly full‐inorganic luminescent materials with tunable emission properties and exceptional thermal stability is of paramount importance for applications in optoelectronic devices, solid‐state lighting, and anti‐counterfeiting technologies. In this study, a novel luminescent crystal based on calcium perovskites Cs2CaCl4·2H2O (CCCH) are explored using a hydrothermal method. Simultaneous co‐doping of CCCH with Sn2+ and Mn2+ yields the s‐p transition‐induced cyan light from Sn2+ and d‐d transition‐induced yellow light from Mn2+. It demonstrates effective energy transfer from self‐trapped exciton (STE) of matrix CCCH and s‐p transition of Sn2+ to Mn2+, synergizing composite white lights with tunable colors. Furthermore, the incorporation of Sn2+ into CCCH introduces a red shift from blue to cyan emission with a remarkable enhancement in luminescent intensity by a factor of 12 times. The crystal orbital Hamiltonian populations (─COHP) calculations revealed the crucial role of Mn2+ in lattice stability, as evidenced by the decomposition temperature exceeding 305 °C for CCCH:Sn2+,Mn2+ whereas 210 °C for undoped CCCH matrix. This research provides a comprehensive investigation of the luminescent properties of CCCH:Sn2+,Mn2+ crystal, holding significant promise for practical technological advancements in lighting and anti‐counterfeiting technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrolysis of water has emerged as a prominent area of research in recent years. As a promising catalyst support, copper foam is widely investigated for electrolytic water, yet the insufficient mechanical strength and corrosion resistance render it less suitable for harsh working conditions. To exploit high-performance catalyst supports, various metal supports are comprehensively evaluated, and Ti 6 Al 4 V (Ti64) support exhibited outstanding compression and corrosion resistance. With this in mind, a 3D porous Ti64 catalyst support is fabricated using the selective laser sintering (SLM) 3D printing technology, and a conductive layer of nickel (Ni) is coated to increase the electrical conductivity and facilitate the deposition of catalysts. Subsequently, Co 0.8 Ni 0.2 (CO 3 ) 0.5 (OH)·0.11H 2 O (CoNiCH) nanoneedles are deposited. The resulting porous Ti64/Ni/CoNiCH electrode displayed an impressive performance in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and reached 30 mA cm -2 at an overpotential of only 200 mV. Remarkably, even after being compressed at 15.04 MPa, no obvious structural deformation is observed, and the attenuation of its catalytic efficiency is negligible. Based on the computational analysis, the CoNiCH catalyst demonstrated superior catalytic activity at the Ni site in comparison to the Co site. Furthermore, the electrode reached 30 mA cm -2 at 1.75 V in full water splitting conditions and showed no significant performance degradation even after 60 h of continuous operation. This study presents an innovative approach to robust and corrosion-resistant catalyst design., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

The quest for efficient and tunable luminescent materials has been at the forefront of research in the fields of chemistry and materials science. This work delves into the investigation of the luminescence properties of Er 3+ ions triggered by 1% Te 4+ in the environmentally benign perovskite Cs 2 NaYbCl 6 (CNYC) crystals, aiming to enhance their efficiency and tune the luminescence color. The ratio of the green ( 2 H 11/2 , 4 S 3/2 - 4 I 15/2 ) to red ( 4 F 9/2 - 4 I 15/2 ) emissions of Er 3+ can be freely tunable by varying the concentration of Er 3+ and producing the defects induced by codoping Te 4+ . The calculations reveal that the multiexcitonic excitations of Er 3+ stem from f-f ( 4 I 15/2 - 4 G 11/2 , 2 H 9/2 ) rather than d-f transitions. The broadened excitation, tuning of color, and enhancement of efficiency achieved in the luminescence perovskite crystals Cs 2 NaYbCl 6 :Te 4+ , Er 3+ (CNYC:Te 4+ ,Er 3+ ) presents promising opportunities for the development of advanced optoelectronic devices with superior performance. Moreover, our investigation demonstrates the tunable luminescence response of CNYC:Er 3+ to temperature variations, offering potential applications in temperature sensing.

Background: Evidence on the association of Olfactory Impairment (OI) with age-related cognitive decline is inconclusive, and the potential influence of allergy remains unclear., Objective: We aimed to evaluate the cross-sectional associations of allergy-related and non-allergy- related OI to cognitive function., Methods: We included 2,499 participants from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS)-Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) sub-study and 1,086 participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)-HCAP. The Olfactory Function Field Exam (OFFE) using Sniffin' Stick odor pens was used to objectively assess olfactory function and an olfactory score <6/11 indicated OI. Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) was used to assess global cognitive function and define cognitive impairment (<24/30). A neuropsychologic battery was used to assess five cognitive domains., Results: Compared to non-OI participants, individuals with OI had lower MMSE z-score [β HRS = -0.33, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -0.41 to -0.24; β ELSA = -0.31, -0.43 to -0.18] and higher prevalence of cognitive impairment (Prevalence Ratio (PR)HRS = 1.46, 1.06 to 2.01; PR ELSA = 1.63, 1.26 to 2.11). The associations were stronger for non-allergy-related OI (β HRS = -0.36; β ELSA = -0.34) than for allergy-related OI (β HRS = -0.26; β ELSA = 0.13). Similar associations were observed with domain- specific cognitive function measures., Conclusion: OI, particularly non-allergy-related OI, was related to poorer cognitive function in older adults. Although the current cross-sectional study is subject to several limitations, such as reverse causality and residual confounding, the findings will provide insights into the OI-cognition association and enlighten future attention to non-allergy-related OI for the prevention of potential cognitive impairment., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)