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Background: The prevalence of mental health issues has been gradually increasing among college students in recent years. Improvements in mental health can be achieved through changes in daily behavior and the use of psychological counseling. This study aims to investigate the relationship between health-promoting behaviors and negative emotions among college freshmen as they enter the university. It also examines the impact of various sub-dimensions of health-promoting behaviors and other factors on the negative emotions (stress, anxiety, and depression) experienced by college freshmen., Methods: Using the Negative Emotion and Health-Promoting Behavior scales, a 7-month longitudinal study was conducted on 4,252 college freshmen, with collection of data at two time points (T1: November 12, 2021; T2: June 17, 2022). Out of this longitudinal study, 3,632 valid samples were obtained. This research aimed to explore the association and impact between negative emotions and the level of health-promoting behaviors among college students during their time at the university., Results: ① There were significant differences in the levels of health-promoting behaviors and negative emotions over the course of 7 months ( P < 0.05). Health-promoting behaviors were found to have a significant negative correlation with negative emotions ( P < 0.05). ② Negative emotions at T1 significantly negatively predicted health-promoting behaviors at T2 (β = -0.11, P < 0.01), while health-promoting behaviors at T1 significantly negatively predicted negative emotions at T2 (β = -0.12, P < 0.001). ③ Stress management (β = -0.104, P < 0.05; β = -0.087, P < 0.05), self-actualization (β = -0.282, P < 0.01; β = -0.260, P < 0.05), health responsibility (β = -0.057, P < 0.05; β = -0.088, P < 0.05), and interpersonal relations (β = 0.068, P < 0.01; β = 0.138, P < 0.05) were important components in improving stress and anxiety. Self-actualization (β = -0.437, P < 0.001), exercise (β = 0.048, P < 0.001), nutrition (β = 0.044, P < 0.001), and interpersonal relations (β = 0.065, P < 0.001) were important components in improving depression. ④ Gender, place of household registration, and whether the individual is the only child were significant factors affecting negative emotions in college freshmen., Conclusion: The level of health-promoting behaviors is an important indicator for assessing the negative emotional states of college freshmen. Enhancing health-promoting behaviors across various dimensions can help alleviate different types of negative emotions. Gender, place of household registration, and being the only child are significant factors that influence negative emotions., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Tao, Wu, Huang, Zheng, Liu, Tian and Peng.)

To test the mediatory role of kinesiophobia between greenspace and physical activity, we conducted a cross-sectional survey and recruited 801 participants with chronic low back pain. The level of greenspace was assessed using both perceived greenspace and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The frequency of walking and moderate and vigorous physical activities was measured using a brief assessment, while kinesiophobia was evaluated using the 11-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). The results revealed that perceived greenspace was positively associated with all measured physical activities, and was negatively associated with kinesiophobia. Meanwhile, NDVI was only positively associated with moderate and vigorous physical activity. Kinesiophobia played a marginal but significant mediating role in the association of perceived greenspace with walking, moderate physical activity, and vigorous physical activity. In conclusion, our findings offer early evidence of associations and pathways between greenspace and physical activity among individuals with chronic low back pain., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Background: Healthy lifestyles are considered important means to reduce the burden of diseases. This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the Ecological Model of Health Behavior (EMHB) to analyze the factors associated with the health-promoting lifestyles of Chinese residents., Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional investigation in July 2023. Our investigated factors included social-demographic characteristics (including sex, age, education level, employment status, marital status, personal monthly income, and daily behavioral habits [which were measured by a questionnaire)], health literacy [which was measured by the Chinese version of the Health Literacy Scale Short-Form scale (HLS-SF12)], and family health [which was measured by the Chinese version of the Short-Form of the Family Health Scale (FHS-SF)]. Our outcome was health promoting lifestyle, which was measured by a revised version of Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-IIR). Data were analyzed using stepwise regression., Results: A total of 1,402 participants were enrolled. Higher scores of HLS-SF12 ( β  = 0.467), having regular exercise ( β  = 0.212), and regular physical examination ( β  = 0.088) were associated with better health-prompting lifestyles. However, older age (≥60 years) ( β  = -0.046), drinking ( β  = -0.066), and sleeping time (5-6 h/day) ( β  = -0.048) were associated lower levels of health-prompting lifestyles. Living with family ( β  = 0.077), FHS-SF ( β  = 0.104), and married ( β  = -0.077) were significant influencers. Unemployed ( β  = -0.048), receiving retirement pay ( β  = -0.053), and economic support provided by parents ( β  = 0.094) were associated with better health-prompting lifestyles. There were multiple influencing factors of the six dimensions of the HPLP-IIR. Our findings indicate that community residents with higher health literacy, better family health, and health-related behaviors tend to have better health-promoting lifestyles., Conclusion: Our findings have confirmed the complex impacts of social-ecological factors on health-promoting lifestyles, which may help policy makers with health-promotion strategies making and also help researchers to control for confounding in study design., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Huang, Li, Liu, Tian, Luo, Wu, Luo, Peng and Guo.)