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CD[4.sup.+] regulatory T (Treg) cells have a profound ability to suppress host immune responses, yet little is understood about how these cells are regulated. We describe a mechanism linking To[Mike receptor (TLR) 8 signaling to the control of Treg cell function, in which synthetic and natural ligands for human TLR8 can reverse Treg cell function. This effect was independent of dendritic cells but required functional TLR8-MyD88-IRAK4 signaling in Treg cells. Adoptive transfer of TLR8 ligand-stimulated Treg cells into tumor-bearing mice enhanced anti-tumor immunity. These results suggest that TLR8 signaling could play a critical role in controlling immune responses to cancer and other diseases., Regulatory T (Treg) cells actively suppress host immune responses and, in consequence, play an important role in preventing autoimmunity, as well as in the general regulation of immune responses to [...]

Presents an approach that allows the screening of an invariant chain-complementary DNA fusion library in a genetically engineered cell line expressing the essential components of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Efforts to identify tumor-specific antigens recognized by CD4+T cells; Identification of a mutated form of human CDC27 protein; Development of strategies for the treatment of patients with cancer, autoimmune diseases, or infectious diseases.

CD4[sup +] regulatory T (Treg) cells have a profound ability to suppress host immune responses, yet little is understood about how these cells are regulated. We describe a mechanism linking Toll-like receptor (TLR) 8 signaling to the control of Treg cell function, in which synthetic and natural ligands for human TLR8 can reverse Treg cell function. This effect was independent of dendritic cells but required functional TLR8-MyD88-IRAK4 signaling in Treg cells. Adoptive transfer of TLR8 ligand-stimulated Treg cells into tumor-bearing mice enhanced antitumor immunity. These results suggest that TLR8 signaling could play a critical role in controlling immune responses to cancer and other diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]