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A compact ultrasonic motor using sandwiching piezo-ceramic plates was developed, having advantages of low manufacturing costs, simple driving circuit, and high scalability. The stator is composed of two piezoelectric plates attached to a T-shaped steel body. Two orthogonal bending modes can be excited by driving one piezoelectric plate and the reversed motion of the rotor can be obtained by driving the piezoelectric plate on the opposite side. The prototype stator with a size of 15 mm × 2.44 mm × 2 mm, operated at 44.8 kHz, was experimentally characterized, and a maximum torque of 2 mN m was obtained. Maximum power of 2.3 mW and efficiency of 9% were produced with a load of 0.8 mN m at a rotation speed of 27 rpm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piezoelectric tubes with film electrodes on their outer and inner surfaces can be used to compose multitube actuators. The actuator of four piezoelectric tubes can substitute the traditional single-tube actuator with quartered electrodes which has been widely used in scanning probe microscopy and piezoelectric motors. In this article, the static deflection, static bending moment, resonant frequency, and dynamic deflection of the four-tube actuator are all studied in detail. The comparison between this actuator and the traditional single-tube actuator is also done and the results show that the four-tube actuator has better performances under certain conditions. The experiment results of a prototype actuator testified the validation of the analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]