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Start Over Topic atmospheric science Language english Publisher american meteorological society
173 results

1. Kilometer-scale climate models: Prospects and challenges

Author

Heini Wernli, Stefano Ubbiali, Salvatore Di Girolamo, Xavier Lapillonne, Nikolina Ban, Torsten Hoefler, Christophe Charpilloz, Andrea Arteaga, David Leutwyler, Oliver Fuhrer, Christoph Schär, Katherine Osterried, Davide Panosetti, Stefan Rüdisühli, Linda Schlemmer, Thomas C. Schulthess, Michael Sprenger, and Laureline Hentgen

Subjects
Horizontal resolution, Atmospheric Science, Scale (ratio), Kilometer, Climatology, Environmental science, Climate model, Grid
Abstract

Currently major efforts are underway toward refining the horizontal resolution (or grid spacing) of climate models to about 1 km, using both global and regional climate models (GCMs and RCMs). Several groups have succeeded in conducting kilometer-scale multiweek GCM simulations and decadelong continental-scale RCM simulations. There is the well-founded hope that this increase in resolution represents a quantum jump in climate modeling, as it enables replacing the parameterization of moist convection by an explicit treatment. It is expected that this will improve the simulation of the water cycle and extreme events and reduce uncertainties in climate change projections. While kilometer-scale resolution is commonly employed in limited-area numerical weather prediction, enabling it on global scales for extended climate simulations requires a concerted effort. In this paper, we exploit an RCM that runs entirely on graphics processing units (GPUs) and show examples that highlight the prospects of this approach. A particular challenge addressed in this paper relates to the growth in output volumes. It is argued that the data avalanche of high-resolution simulations will make it impractical or impossible to store the data. Rather, repeating the simulation and conducting online analysis will become more efficient. A prototype of this methodology is presented. It makes use of a bit-reproducible model version that ensures reproducible simulations across hardware architectures, in conjunction with a data virtualization layer as a common interface for output analyses. An assessment of the potential of these novel approaches will be provided.

Published
2020

2. Enhancing Autonomy for Climate Change Adaptation Using Participatory Modeling

Author

David Samuel Williams

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, 010501 environmental sciences, Participatory modeling, 01 natural sciences, Political science, Climate change adaptation, Environmental planning, Social Sciences (miscellaneous), Autonomy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
Abstract

Participatory modeling is commonly applied in climate change adaptation research to integrate stakeholder knowledge, beliefs, values, and norms into modeling processes. However, participation is not neutral, and current climate change adaptation research is tailored toward those with sufficient resources to adapt, as opposed to those most in need of adaptation. These are commonly marginalized stakeholder groups who remain on the social, economic, and political periphery, driving their vulnerability to climate change impacts. This paper presents the concept of autonomy in the context of multilevel governance for climate change adaptation before examining past participatory modeling approaches, illustrating the lack of application as an emancipatory tool for increasing the autonomy of marginalized stakeholder groups. Therefore, a list of 10 necessary conditions is presented for conducting participatory modeling for increasing the autonomy of marginalized stakeholder groups, strengthening multilevel governance for climate change adaptation. These theoretical foundations are intended to guide public policy and increase the societal impact of participatory modeling.Significance StatementResponding to climate change impacts requires the strengthening of multilevel governance. An important aspect is that multilevel governance is dependent on local actors having sufficient autonomy to carry out climate change adaptation actions. Participatory climate change adaptation research can contribute to enhancing autonomy for climate change adaptation in applying participatory modeling. This paper explains why this is important, how participatory modelers need to design their research, and in what way this could contribute to strengthening multilevel governance and the wider societal response to climate change impacts.If you’re a scholar who studies the social impacts of climate change and you aren’t somehow an activist what are you really?—Professor Kian Goh, University of California, Los Angeles

Published
2020

3. The weather roulette: a game to communicate the usefulness of probabilistic climate predictions

Author

Albert Soret, Dragana Bojovic, Francisco J. Doblas-Reyes, Isadora Christel, Asun Lera St. Clair, Rodrigo Manzanas, Marta Terrado, Daniel San-Martín, Llorenç Lledó, and Universidad de Cantabria

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Roulette, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Computer science, 0207 environmental engineering, Probabilistic logic, 02 engineering and technology, Environmental economics, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, 020701 environmental engineering, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Climate predictions, from three weeks to a decade into the future, can provide invaluable information for climate-sensitive socioeconomic sectors, such as renewable energy, agriculture, or insurance. However, communicating and interpreting these predictions is not straightforward. Barriers hindering user uptake include a terminology gap between climate scientists and users, the difficulties of dealing with probabilistic outcomes for decision-making, and the lower skill of climate predictions compared to the skill of weather forecasts. This paper presents a gaming approach to break communication and understanding barriers through the application of the Weather Roulette conceptual framework. In the game, the player can choose between two forecast options, one that uses ECMWF seasonal predictions against one using climatology-derived probabilities. For each forecast option, the bet is spread proportionally to the predicted probabilities, either in a single year game or a game for the whole period of 33 past years. This paper provides skill maps of forecast quality metrics commonly used by the climate prediction community (e.g., ignorance skill score and ranked probability skill score), which in the game are linked to metrics easily understood by the business sector (e.g., interest rate and return on investment). In a simplified context, we illustrate how in skillful regions the economic benefits of using ECMWF predictions arise in the long term and are higher than using climatology. This paper provides an example of how to convey the usefulness of climate predictions and transfer the knowledge from climate science to potential users. If applied, this approach could provide the basis for a better integration of knowledge about climate anomalies into operational and managerial processes. The research leading to these results has received funding from the EU FP7 Programme under Grant Agreement 308291 (EUPORIAS), the EU H2020 Programme under Grant Agreements 776787 (S2S4E) and 776613 (EUCP), and the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) as part of the CLINSA Project CGL2017-85791-R. It is also part of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) (Framework Agreement C3S_441_Lot2_CEA), a program being implemented by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) on behalf of the European Commission.

Published
2019

4. Extratropical Cyclones : The Erik Palmén Memorial Volume

Author

Chester Newton, Eero O. Holopainen, Chester Newton, and Eero O. Holopainen

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Environmental monitoring, Climatology, Pollution, System theory
Abstract

This book is composed of 12 review papers invited for the Palmen Memorial Symposium on Extratropical Cyclones held in Helsinki, Finland, 29 August - 2 September 1988. To celebrate the 90th anniversary of the birth of Professor Erik Palmén, this symposium was organized to give a state-of-the-art picture of research on the structure and dynamics of extratropical cyclones, a topic which Palmén pioneered during the era of advances in aerological analysis. This symposium was organized by the Geophysical Society of Finland and the American Meteorological Society in cooperation with the Danish, Norwegian and Swedish Geophysical Societies. Extratropical Cyclones offers state-of-the-art information on extratropical cyclones, and recent findings by European and American authorities in various subject areas. The first two chapters discuss Palmen's works on cyclones and his early general circulation concepts. The ten chapters following chronicle the advancesin understanding cyclones; the theory, structure, and physical processes of cyclones; orographic cyclogenesis; and more. Extratropical Cyclones also contains synoptic case analyses, modeling results, examples of the phenomena discussed, and abundant references. While particular aspects are emphasized in the individual contributions, the book as a whole summarizes the major features of various kinds of extratropical cyclones based on observational analyses, theory and numerical experimentation. This volume is of interest to researchers in dynamic and synoptic meteorology, climatology and mesometeorology, as well as in numerical modeling and weather forecasting. It is also useful for meteorology courses at graduate and upper undergraduate levels.

Published
2018

5. History of Meteorology to 1800

Author

H. Howard Frisinger and H. Howard Frisinger

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2018

6. Compendium of Meteorology

Author

Thomas Malone and Thomas Malone

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

7. Studies of Thermal Convection in a Rotating Cylinder with Some Implications for Large-Scale Atmospheric Motions

Author

Dave Fultz and Dave Fultz

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

8. Statistical Prediction by Discriminant Analysis

Author

Robert Miller and Robert Miller

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Environmental sciences—Mathematics
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

9. Atmospheric Radiation Tables

Author

J. M. Biggs and J. M. Biggs

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

10. Meteorological Research Reviews : Summaries of Progress From 1951 to 1955. Atmospheric Electricity.

Author

Alfred Blackadar and Alfred Blackadar

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Environment
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

11. Meteorological Research Reviews : Summaries of Progress From 1951 to 1955. Physics of Precipitation.

Author

Alfred Blackadar and Alfred Blackadar

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Environmental sciences, Physics
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

12. On Atmospheric Pollution : A Group of Contributions

Author

J CARTER and J CARTER

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Pollution, Climatology
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

13. The Dynamic Prediction of Wind Tides on Lake Erie

Author

George Platzman and George Platzman

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

14. Fluctuations in the Atmospheric Inertia: 1873–1950

Author

El Sayed Mohammed Hassan and El Sayed Mohammed Hassan

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

15. Meteorological Research Reviews : Summaries of Progress From 1951 to 1955. Applied Meteorology.

Author

Alfred Blackadar and Alfred Blackadar

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

16. Meteorological Research Reviews : Summaries of Progress From 1951 to 1955. Meteorological Instruments.

Author

Alfred Blackadar and Alfred Blackadar

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

17. Meteorological Research Reviews : Summaries of Progress From 1951 to 1955. Physics of the Upper Atmosphere.

Author

Alfred Blackadar and Alfred Blackadar

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

18. Meteorological Research Reviews : Summaries of Progress From 1951 to 1955. Weather Observations, Analysis, and Forecasting

Author

Alfred Blackadar and Alfred Blackadar

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

19. Meteorological Research Reviews : Summaries of Progress From 1951 to 1955. Radiometeorology.

Author

Alfred Blackadar and Alfred Blackadar

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

20. Meteorological Research Reviews : Summaries of Progress From 1951 to 1955. Physics of Clouds.

Author

Alfred Blackadar and Alfred Blackadar

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Environmental sciences, Physics, Climatology
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countrie

Published
2016

21. Meteorological Research Reviews : Summaries of Progress From 1951 to 1955. Review of Climatology, 1951–1955.

Author

Alfred Blackadar and Alfred Blackadar

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Environment
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

22. Cloud and Weather Modification : A Group of Field Experiments

Author

Sverre Petterssen and Sverre Petterssen

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Environmental sciences, Physics, Thermodynamics
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

23. Atmospheric Processes Over Complex Terrain

Author

William Blumen and William Blumen

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

24. Meteorological Investigations of the Upper Atmosphere

Author

R. S. Quiroz and R. S. Quiroz

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

25. Scattered Radiation in the Ozone : Absorption Bands at Selected Levels of a Terrestrial, Rayleigh Atmosphere

Author

J. V. Dave, P. M. Furukawa, J. V. Dave, and P. M. Furukawa

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Environmental sciences, Physics
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

26. Agricultural Meteorology

Author

Paul Waggoner and Paul Waggoner

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

27. Severe Local Storms

Author

David Atlas and David Atlas

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Natural disasters, Thermodynamics
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

28. Hail : A Review of Hail Science and Hail Suppression

Author

G. Brant Foote, Charles Knight, G. Brant Foote, and Charles Knight

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

29. METROMEX : A Review and Summary

Author

Stanley Changnon and Stanley Changnon

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

30. Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation

Author

S. Teweles and S. Teweles

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

31. On the Distribution and Continuity of Water Substance in Atmosphere Circulations

Author

Edwin Kessler and Edwin Kessler

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

32. Meteorology of the Southern Hemisphere

Author

Charles Newton and Charles Newton

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Environmental sciences, Physics
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

33. Long-Period Global Variations of Incoming Solar Radiation

Author

Anandu Vernekar and Anandu Vernekar

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

34. Alberta Hailstorms

Author

A. J. Chisholm and A. J. Chisholm

Subjects
Atmospheric science
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

35. Interaction of Sea and Atmosphere : A Group of Contributions

Author

A. C. Redfield and A. C. Redfield

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Oceanography
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

36. The Observations and Photochemistry of Atmospheric Ozone and Their Meteorological Significance

Author

Richard Craig and Richard Craig

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Environmental chemistry, Climatology
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

37. Thirty-Day Forecasting : A Review of a Ten-Year Experiment

Author

Jerome Namias and Jerome Namias

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

38. Recent Studies in Bioclimatology : A Group of Contributions

Author

Frank Sargent and Frank Sargent

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Physical geography
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries

Published
2016

39. The Jet Stream

Author

Herbert Riehl and Herbert Riehl

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

40. Forecasting in Middle Latitudes

Author

Herbert Riehl and Herbert Riehl

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

41. Industrial Operations Under Extremes of Weather

Author

J. A. Russell and J. A. Russell

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Mechanics, Applied, Solids
Abstract

The objects of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.e Base, Washington, D. C.Vice-President: FREDERIC A. BERRY, M.S., Rear Admiral,U.S.N. (Ret.), Aerometric Research Inc., Goleta,Calif.Secretary: THOMAS F. MALONE, Sc.D., Director ofResearch,The Travelers Insurance Companies, Hart·ford, Conn.Treasurer: HENRY DEC. WARD, A.B., Vice-President, Eatonand Howard, Inc., Boston, Mass.Executive Secretary:.KENNETH C. SPENGLER, A.B., S Joy St., Boston 8, Mass.COUNCILORSHoRACE R. BYERS, Sc.D., Professor and Chairman, Dept.of Meteorology, University of Chicago, Chicago,Ill. (Past President, 1952-54, ex-officio Councilor.)ARTHUR F. MEREWETHER, S.M., Superintendent of WeatherServices, American Airlines, Inc., New York, N. Y.(Past President, 1954-56, ex-officio Councilor.)Terms expire in 1958PHIL E. CHURCH, Ph.D., Professor and Executive Officer,Dept. of Meteorology and Climatology, Universityof Washington, Seattle, Wash.HENRY G. HouGHTON, Sc.D. (Hon.), Professor and Head,Dept. of Meteorology, Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology, Cambridge, Mass.ALFRED H. GLENN, M.S., Director, A. H. Glenn and Associates,New Orleans, La.JACK C. THOMPSON, A.B., Scientific Services Division, U.S.Weather Bureau, Washington, D. C.JAMES E. MILLER, M.S., Professor of Meteorology, NewYork University, New York, N. Y.Terms expire in 1959HARRY WEXLER, Sc.D., Director of Meteorological Re- PHIUP D. THOMPSON, Sc.D., Lieutenant Colonel, U.S.A.F.,search, U. S. Weather Bureau, Washington, D. C. Chief, Development Section, Joint NumericalJoSEPH J. GEORGE, Superintendent of Meteorology, East- Weather Prediction Unit, Suitland, Md.ern Air Lines, Atlanta, Ga. WERNER A. BAUM, Ph.D., Professor and Head, Dept. ofHELMUT E. LANDSBERG, Ph.D., Director, Office of Climatol- Meteorology, Florida State University, Tallahassee,ogy, U.S. Weather Bureau, Washington, D. C. Fla.Terms expire in 1960GEORGE P. CREssMAN, Ph.D., Director, Joint NumericalWeather Prediction Unit, Suitlan, Md.] oHN C. BELLAMY, Ph.D., Associate Director, Research LaboratoriesDivision, Cook Electric Co., Chicago, Ill.RICHARD A. CRAIG, Sc.D., Section Chief, AtmosphericAnalysis Laboratory, Air Force Cambridge ResearchCenter, Boston, Massachusetts.GORDON D. CARTWRIGHT, B.S., Chief, Station Facilitiesand Observations Division, U. S. Weather Bureau,Washington, D. C.RoBERT G. FLEAGLE, Ph.D., Professor of Meteorology andClimatology, University of Washington, Seattle,Wash.PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEEJ. M. AuSTIN, ChairmanD. M. LUDLUM, ex-officioHORACE R. BYERSWILUAM R. GOMMELWERNER A. BAUM, ex-officioJ. J. GEORGEMembership Dues and PrivilegesMALCOLM RIGBY, ex-officioIn January 194

Published
2016

42. Causes of Climatic Change

Author

J. Murray Mitchell and J. Murray Mitchell

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Environment, Climatology
Abstract

The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are'the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals.'The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.

Published
2016

43. Severe Convective Storms

Author

Charles Doswell and Charles Doswell

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Natural disasters
Abstract

This highly illustrated book is a collection of 13 review papers focusing on convective storms and the weather they produce. It discusses severe convective storms, mesoscale processes, tornadoes and tornadic storms, severe local storms, flash flood forecast and the electrification of severe storms.

Published
2015

44. The Life Cycles of Extratropical Cyclones

Author

Melyvn Shapiro and Melyvn Shapiro

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Natural disasters
Abstract

This book presents the expanded versions of invited papers presented at the International Symposium on the Life Cycles of Extratropical Cyclones, held in Bergen, Norway, 27 June–1 July 1994. It is of particular interest to historians of meteorology, researchers and forecasters. The material can be used for advanced undergraduate and undergraduate meteorology courses, and it represents a useful source of references to extratropical cyclones. The book provides the historical background of extratropical cyclone research and forecasting from the eighteenth to the mid-twentieth century. It also presents extratropical cyclone theory, observations, analysis, diagnosis and prediction.

Published
2015

45. Precipitation Enhancement : A Scientific Challenge

Author

Roscoe Braham and Roscoe Braham

Subjects
Atmospheric science, Climatology, Water, Hydrology
Abstract

This book is the outcome of a workshop held at Park City, Utah, 23-25 May, 1984. It is a collection of papers focusing focuses on physics of precipitation formation in clouds and the response of clouds to glaciogenic seeding. This book documents the debates and discussions that surrounded the topic of glaciogenic seeding during the time of the workshop. It is interesting as a historical evidence of the scientific progress of that time.

Published
2015

46. Stability Analysis of Ice Crystal Orientation

Author

Xiping Zeng, Zbigniew Ulanowski, Andrew J. Heymsfield, Yansen Wang, and Xiaowen Li

Subjects
Atmospheric Science
Abstract

The stability of ice crystal orientation is studied by modeling the air flow around ice crystals at moderate Reynolds number, where an ice crystal is approximated by a cylinder with three parameters: diameter D, length L, and zenith angle of the axis θ. In this paper the torque acting on ice crystals is simulated at different θ first and then a special θ with zero horizontal torque, denoted as θe, is sought as an equilibrium of ice crystal orientation. The equilibrium is classified into two kinds: stable and unstable. Ice crystals rotate to θe of stable equilibriums while deviating from θe of unstable ones once they are released into quiet air. Multiple equilibriums of ice crystal orientation are found via numerical simulations. A cylinder with D/L close to one has three equilibriums, two of which are stable (i.e., θe = 0 and 90°). A cylinder with D/L away from one has only two equilibriums, one of which is stable (i.e., either θe = 0 or 90°). In addition, an asymmetric cylinder has two, three or five equilibriums, and their θ e is sensitive to the distance between its geometrical center and its center of gravity. The sensitivity of θe to crystal asymmetry suggests large symmetric ice crystals tend to become asymmetric (or irregular) and subsequently oriented randomly.

Published
2023

47. Global Meteorological Drought: A Synthesis of Current Understanding with a Focus on SST Drivers of Precipitation Deficits

Author

Ernesto Hugo Berbery, Martin P. Hoerling, Lixia Zhang, Krishna Kumar Kanikicharla, Tianjun Zhou, Siegfried D. Schubert, Hailan Wang, Randal D. Koster, Mathew Barlow, Omar V. Müller, Belén Rodríguez-Fonseca, Wenju Cai, Annarita Mariotti, Carlos R. Mechoso, Ronald E. Stewart, Bradfield Lyon, Richard Seager, and Sonia I. Seneviratne

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Sea surface temperature, Climate change, 02 engineering and technology, Precipitation, Decadal variability, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Atmosphere, Interannual variability, East Asia, Predictability, Variability, Climate variability, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena, Drought, Ephemeral key, 020801 environmental engineering, Current (stream), Climatology, Environmental science
Abstract

Drought affects virtually every region of the world, and potential shifts in its character in a changing climate are a major concern. This article presents a synthesis of current understanding of meteorological drought, with a focus on the large-scale controls on precipitation afforded by sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, land surface feedbacks, and radiative forcings. The synthesis is primarily based on regionally focused articles submitted to the Global Drought Information System (GDIS) collection together with new results from a suite of atmospheric general circulation model experiments intended to integrate those studies into a coherent view of drought worldwide. On interannual time scales, the preeminence of ENSO as a driver of meteorological drought throughout much of the Americas, eastern Asia, Australia, and the Maritime Continent is now well established, whereas in other regions (e.g., Europe, Africa, and India), the response to ENSO is more ephemeral or nonexistent. Northern Eurasia, central Europe, and central and eastern Canada stand out as regions with few SST-forced impacts on precipitation on interannual time scales. Decadal changes in SST appear to be a major factor in the occurrence of long-term drought, as highlighted by apparent impacts on precipitation of the late 1990s “climate shifts” in the Pacific and Atlantic SST. Key remaining research challenges include (i) better quantification of unforced and forced atmospheric variability as well as land–atmosphere feedbacks, (ii) better understanding of the physical basis for the leading modes of climate variability and their predictability, and (iii) quantification of the relative contributions of internal decadal SST variability and forced climate change to long-term drought., The various contributions to this paper were made possible by the support of the host organizations of the coauthors, as noted in the acknowledgments of the contributing Global Drought Information System (GDIS) special collection papers. The GDIS effort is sponsored and supported by the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP: CLIVAR andGEWEX) and various partner organizations including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the U.S. CLIVAR program, the Group on Earth Observations (GEO), the European Commission JointResearch Centre (JRC), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the European Space Agency (ESA)–European Space Research Institute (ESRIN). Support for the overall development of this synthesis article was provided by NASA’sModeling, Analysis and Prediction Program. The GLDAS-2 data used in this study were acquired as part of the mission of NASA’s Earth Science Division and archived and distributed by the Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC).

Published
2016

48. Reducing social vulnerability to environmental change : building trust through social collaboration on environmental monitoring

Author

Paola Andrea Arias Gómez, Carlos Alberto Cadavid Suarez, Jorge Emilio Ángel Robledo, Juan Camilo Villegas Palacio, Sara Cristina Vieira Agudelo, Jenny Machado Charry, Angélica María Serna Salazar, Oscar Augusto Mejía Rivera, Lina María Vidal Gómez, and Catherine Vieira Agudelo

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Warning system, business.industry, Risk management framework, Environmental resource management, Vulnerabilidad social, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Natural resource, Monitoreo ambiental, Vulnerability assessment, Cambio ambiental, Business, Social collaboration, Risk assessment, Social vulnerability, Environmental planning, Social Sciences (miscellaneous), Risk management, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The occurrence of natural and socially driven catastrophic events has increased in the last few decades in response to global environmental changes. One of the most societally relevant challenges in managing the effects of these events is the establishment of risk management strategies that focus on managing vulnerability, particularly in disfavored countries, and communities among them. Most cases of enhanced vulnerability occur in, but are not limited to, developing countries, where the combination of social inequity, inappropriate use of natural resources, population displacement, and institutional mistrust, among other factors, make risk management particularly challenging. This paper presents a vulnerability-centered risk management framework based on social cohesion and integration principles that, combined with scientific, technical, and popular knowledge, lead to the development of social networks of risk reduction. This framework is intended as a strategy to strengthen early warning systems (EWS), where the human-related factor is among their most challenging components. Using water-related hazards as a case study, this paper describes the experience of the conformation of a social network for environmental monitoring using this model example on vulnerability reduction in the rural areas of the central Andes in Colombia. This experience allowed the effective conformation of a social network for environmental monitoring in 80 municipalities of Colombia, where communities developed a sense of ownership with the instrumentation and the network, strengthening links with local authorities and contributing to more efficient EWS. More generally, the authors highlight the need to develop vulnerability-centered risk management via community-building strategies, particularly for areas where little can be done to decrease the occurrence of catastrophic events.

Published
2016

49. NOAA’s Great Lakes Wave Prediction System: A Successful Framework for Accelerating the Transition of Innovations to Operations

Author

Jose-Henrique Alves, Hendrik Tolman, Aron Roland, Ali Abdolali, Fabrice Ardhuin, Greg Mann, Arun Chawla, and Jane Smith

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Operational forecasting, Wind waves, Ocean models, Numerical weather prediction, Oceanic waves, forecasting, Community
Abstract

The establishment of the Great Lakes wave forecast system is an early success story inspiring the introduction of open-innovation practices at the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It shows the power of community modeling to accelerate the transition of scientific innovations to operational environmental forecasting. This paper presents an overview of wave modeling in the Great Lakes from the perspective of its societal benefits. NOAA’s operational wave modeling systems and development practices are examined, emphasizing the importance of community- and stakeholder-driven collaborative efforts to introduce innovations such as using advanced spatial grid types and physics parameterizations, leading to improved predictive skill. The success of the open-innovation approach, set in motion at NOAA by initiatives such as the Great Lakes wave forecasting system, accelerated the transition of innovations to operations. The culture change to operational modeling efforts became part of the foundation for establishing the Unified Forecast System and, more recently, the Earth Prediction Innovation Center. Open-innovation initiatives will improve operational weather and climate forecast systems through scientific and technical innovation, reducing the devastating impacts of hazardous weather and supporting NOAA’s mission of protecting life and property and enhancing the national economy.

Published
2023

50. Towards a quantitative understanding of Robert's Rising Thermal Bubble as a benchmark for 3D atmospheric codes

Author

M. Andrés-Carcasona, M. Soria, E. García-Melendo, A. Miró, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. TUAREG - Turbulence and Aerodynamics in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Research Group

Subjects
Numerical analysis/modeling, Anàlisi numèrica, Atmospheric Science, Atmosfera, Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Atmosphere, Nonhydrostatic models, Numerical analysis
Abstract

Robert’s rising thermal bubble (RRTB) is a benchmark case used to assess atmospheric models. In this paper, RRTB is further studied both using an analytical and a numerical approach, improving to a greater extent the qualitative description found in the literature. The theoretical framework used is that of buoyant thermals and scaling theory that together are able to predict part of the expected behavior of the bubble as it rises and, therefore, can be used to further validate the simulations. For the numerical experiments, we simulate both a two-dimensional and three-dimensional RRTB using a variety of convection schemes under the Boussinesq approximation and with a higher resolution. While the results are in agreement with those presented by previous authors on the same benchmark and also with the theoretical framework established, we add the quantitative measures to validate the underlying physics of the numerical model. Our results also show that, due to its completely chaotic nature when confined in a 2D plane, RRTB becomes a very challenging candidate to be used as a benchmark if only compared in a qualitative way, and when the 3D bubble is simulated, the shape changes significantly. The authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources provided by Red Espanola de Super- ˜ computacion (RES) at the institutions of MareNostrum (BSC) ´ (AECT-2019-2-0006, AECT-2020-1-0005) and LaPalma (IAC) (RES-AECT-2021-2-0009), as well as the technical support provided. MAC is supported by the 2022 FI-00335 grant. The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya.

Published
2023