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Purpose: Desensitization is a safe alternative for patients with hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents and widely used in real practice by employing stepwise administration of multiple serial dilutions of the culprit drugs. However, its labor-intensive nature has required a simpler protocol that is easier to prepare and perform.Methods: We performed an observational study of patients with platinum HSR who underwent a new non-dilution one-bag desensitization protocol. Premedication consisted of Montelukast as well as H1 and H2 blockers. The outcomes and safety profiles of a new protocol were assessed.Results: A total of 36 patients were recruited (oxaliplatin 23, carboplatin 9, and cisplatin 4) and the most common grade of HSR presented was grade 2 (61.1%), followed by grade 3 (25%), and grade 1 (13.9%). Of 175 desensitization procedures, all cases were successfully completed in re-administration of culprit chemotherapeutic platinum agents; 146 (83.4%) had no breakthrough reactions (BTRs) while 29 (16.6%) did. Most BTRs were mild reactions (grade 1, 51.7%) or moderate reactions (grade 2, 44.8%) of Brown's Scale. Although there was one case of asymptomatic mild hypotension (grade 3, 3.5%), categorized as severe reaction, dyspnea, desaturation, and anaphylaxis did not occur. The proportion of severe HSRs was significantly lower than that of initial HSRs (3.5% vs. 25%, P = 0.0167).Conclusions: The new non-dilution desensitization protocol was safe and effective for re-administration of culprit platinum agents in patients with a history of HSRs. Therefore, this new protocol can be used as an alternative to existing protocols using multiple serial dilutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of biphasic and protracted anaphylaxis to iodinated contrast media (ICM), their risk factors and practical observation duration for detecting biphasic reaction.Methods: 145 patients with ICM anaphylaxis from January 2005-February 2016 were retrospectively categorised into uniphasic, biphasic (anaphylaxis recurrence within 72 h after resolution of initial anaphylaxis) and protracted (anaphylaxis >5 h) reaction groups. Multivariate regression analyses of potential risk factors were performed. We calculated negative predictive value (NPV) for biphasic reactions and additional person-hours required to detect one case during post-anaphylaxis observation.Results: Fifteen patients had biphasic reactions with secondary reactions with similar or milder severity and six had protracted reactions. Most significant risk factors were anaphylaxis duration >40 min for biphasic reactions (odds ratio (OR), 8.65 [95 % CI, 1.05-70.71]; P=0.044), and additional epinephrine administration within 1 h of initial dosing for protracted reactions (OR, 102.0 [95 % CI, 3.40-3057.25]; P=0.008). A 6-h post-anaphylaxis observation produced NPV of 96.4 %, while requiring a minimum of 65.5 additional person-hours to detect one additional case.Conclusion: Biphasic and protracted ICM anaphylaxis developed in 10.3 % and 4.1 %, respectively, with revealing risk factors. Six hours could be practical for post-anaphylaxis observation to detect biphasic reaction.Key Points: • Incidence of biphasic anaphylaxis in iodinated contrast media anaphylaxis is 10.3 %. • Incidence of protracted anaphylaxis in iodinated contrast media anaphylaxis is 4.1 %. • Initial anaphylaxis >40 min can predict for biphasic anaphylaxis development. • A 6-h post-anaphylactic observation in ICM-related anaphylaxis seems practical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]