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The golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) is a typical arboreal group-living Old World primate. While limb preference has been extensively studied in this species, limb preference consistency has not yet been explored. Here, based on 26 R. roxellana adults, we investigated whether individuals exhibit consistent motor biases in manual- (e.g., unimanual feeding and social grooming) and foot-related (e.g., bipedal locomotion) tasks and whether limb preference consistency is influenced by increased social interactions during social grooming. Results showed no consistency in the direction or strength of limb preference among tasks, except for lateral strength in handedness for unimanual feeding and footedness in the initiation of locomotion. Population-level foot preference was only found among right-handers. Marked lateral bias was found in unimanual feeding, indicating that it may be a sensitive behavioural measure for assessing manual preference, especially for provisioned populations. This study not only improves our understanding of the relationship between hand and foot preference in R. roxellana but also reveals potential differential hemispheric regulation of limb preference and the influence of increased social interaction on handedness consistency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the driving forces of urban flood variations is important for better formulating future management strategies. This study explores the changes in urban drainage indicators (i.e., catchment area, imperviousness, pipe length and capacity) in historical urbanization and their impacts on urban flood from multiple spatio-temporal scales. By employing a GIS-based processing module, a SWMM-based flood modelling and a statistical analysis, we identify the indicators with significant changes and explore the causal relationships between the indicators and flood volumes in a case study in Northern China. Results showed a clear distinction in drainage indicators at different spatial scales. Flood volume is more sensitive to urban development and drainage performance in urban center. Our regression models explained over 85% of the historical flood variations for all spatial scales at the 90% confidence level. The study contributes to a better discussion of urban flood vs. urbanization patterns and drainage characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on various issues related to China importing major-production of commercial films from abroad. China began importing big batches of major-production commercial films from abroad in the mid-1990s, and since then, the debate about protecting Chinese-made films and drawing on the experience of major Western productions has been unceasing. The first reactions Chinese audiences had when they came in contact with these major motion pictures were visual shock and appreciative pleasure. Two years ago, some filmmakers believed China could learn something from the high-tech, high-cost methods of major production in the U.S., thereby winning back film audiences. A dilemma has arisen over the matter of importing major American films. Importing them will only make the market worse for Chinese-made cinema, yet without these American films, movie theaters will have a tough time of it. Faced with this grim challenge, some ambitious people in film circles have made a few useful tests and experiments.