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In 2014, an intervention paper was published in I The Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe canadien i , calling for greater integration of physical and critical human geography, through an intellectual practice termed I critical physical geography i (Lave et al., [16]). Bruce Rhoads, one of the authors of the original CPG Intervention piece (Lave et al., [16]), phrased this critique clearly in a recent paper: [T]he extent to which CPG differs fundamentally from political ecology ... remains unclear. In doing so, the authors advance CPG scholarship by (1) creating new trading zones and creoles distinctive to CPG, and (2) developing and applying their own interactional expertise in ways that contribute to the fuller realization of CPG's three core tenets. Almost a decade after the publication of the initial CPG intervention piece, CPG is expanding into new topics (e.g., predator reintroduction, urban climatology), new methodologies (e.g., dendroprovenancing, network analysis), and new conversations with allied fields (e.g., Black Geographies, Indigenous Geographies, Queer Ecologies). [Extracted from the article]

The increase in simulated flood inundation areas and depths (6%-31% for different GCMs) in the future showed the importance of improving flood management tools for the sustainable development of urban water environments. The paper by Burch et al. (2010) addresses a different aspect of flood risk management in response to climate change and illustrates an advance in best practice for flood risk management and climate change planning. In terms of flood risk management, NBSs include natural flood management measures (NFMs), and these are the subject of the paper in this VSI by Dittrich et al. (2019). [Extracted from the article]

This review is a critical analysis of the current state-of-the-art in core spun yarn textile triboelectric nanogenerators (CSY-T-TENGs) for self-powered smart sensing applications. The rapid expansion of wireless communication, flexible conductive materials, and wearable electronics over the last ten years is now demanding autonomous energy, which has created a new research space in the field of wearable T-TENGs. Current research is exploring T-TENGs made from CSYs as stable and reliable energy harvesters and sensing devices for modern wearable IoT platforms. CSY-TENGs are emerging as an important technology due to its simple structure, low cost, and excellent performance in converting mechanical energy into electrical energy and due to its sensing ability. This paper provides a critical review on current progress, it analyzes the unique advantages of CSYs T-TENGs over conventional T-TENGs, it describes fabrication techniques and discusses the materials used along with their properties and electrical performance characteristics, and it highlights the recent advancements in their integration with self-excitation circuits, charge storage devices and IoT-enabled smart sensing applications, such as environmental and health monitoring. In the conclusion, it discusses the challenges and future directions of CSYs T-TENGs and it provides a future road map for optimization, upscaling, and commercialization of the technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article evaluates studies on accounting theory, conducted by a committee of the American Accounting Association in 1973. The most striking feature of the papers is their similarity. They are essentially two versions of the same work. Both preliminary papers consist of two principal sections: the nature of theories in the physical and social sciences; and the classes of accounting theories, as the authors are able to distinguish them. All of the papers survey pertinent works by mathematicians, philosophers and scientists, and conclude that accounting qualifies as an empirical discipline.

The article discusses the published papers which directly advice to master’s students for successfully navigating an interdisciplinary environmental studies program. It states that the majority of the papers target doctoral students who ultimately seek academic positions despite that the rate of postdoctoral academic employment in U.S. physical and life science fields dropped by more than five percentage points between 2009 and 2014.

There is a significant gap between the descriptions of Lean used by industry practitioners and the various bodies of academic research that have studied the theory and application of Lean. There is also a gap between applied research on Lean and basic research in the mathematical, physical and social sciences. As a result, Lean practice is based largely on trial‐and‐error experience while potentially valuable research results remain locked away unused in archival journals. This paper attempts to close these gaps by describing four "Lenses of Lean," each of which aligns with a practical perspective and rests on a distinct body of conceptual research. Our hope is that this framework will provide a useful construct for Lean training and implementation and will also spur academic research that is relevant to advancing Lean practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a list of forthcoming papers on biochemistry which appeared in the January 1983 issue of the "European Journal of Biochemistry."

Key points: Letters to the editor are important to science because they are a form of post‐publication review.Examination of 3,203 letters published in exercise science and physical therapy journals revealed letters are indexed inconsistently.Issues exist with letter titles, letter authorship, and letter digital object identifiers (DOIs) and PubMed identifiers (PMIDs).Implications are that some letters are difficult to discover and cite, and some letter writers are not recognized for their intellectual contributions.Resolutions include indexing letters in PubMed under the "letter" [pt] search term and indexing each letter with the author's name, a distinct but consistently formatted title, and a unique DOI and PMID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the paper on measurement as scientific method in economies by Leland B. Yeager, Professor emeritus of economics at Auburn University. Yeager does not cite enough from the works of any individual to justify convicting that person of such a restricted understanding of scientific method as the phrase "science is measurement" seems to imply. Not only is measurement alone far from the whole or even the significant portion of scientific method, but also measurement plus mathematics must be denied the right to claim that position. In the first portion of his paper Yeager discusses various applications of scientific method in the physical sciences and points out that numerous uniformities of relationships among various quantitative measurements have been found. Yeager understands that the degree of accuracy with which those uniformities of relationships have been measured has covered a wide range. When Yeager goes on to assert that the essential function of measurement in the natural sciences is largely replaced in economics by direct empirical knowledge of the most generally applicable principles and concepts, he is describing economics as it has been and not as it may be.

This section offers news briefs related to applied chemistry and advanced materials, as of April 1, 2023. Japanese scientists have reported a safe, one-pot homogenous direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide. Researcher have used the cell wall of an algae to sustainably harvest biogenic calcite for the mass production of nanostructured perovskites.

With the advent of climate change as a major challenge of our time, Earth system modeling has become highly policy‐relevant regulatory science. In this situation, the social mechanisms that play a role in any scientific endeavor become particularly exposed. By discussing historical, philosophical, and sociological (HPS) aspects of the field's current "cultures of prediction" together with the physical science community in a physical science journal, we aim to provide an entry point into HPS reasoning for climate scientists interested in reflecting on their field and science in general. This paper, first, introduces our perspective on "science as culture" and climate modeling as "regulatory science" and, second, highlights and connects relevant ideas from the three commentaries that follow it. In so doing, we hope to give a fuller picture of climate science, the interplay it engenders between HPS and the physical sciences, the distinctions that it gives rise to as compared to some of the more traditional, exact, sciences in which it is rooted and its place in society including its role in scientific policy advice. Key Points: With the advent of climate change as a major challenge of our time, Earth system modeling has become highly policy relevantIn this situation, the social mechanisms that play a role in any scientific endeavor become particularly exposedThis paper introduces perspectives on "science as culture" and highlights relevant ideas from the three subsequent commentaries [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global climate change is often thought of as a steady and approximately predictable physical response to increasing forcings, which then requires commensurate adaptation. But adaptation has practical, cultural and biological limits, and climate change may pose unanticipated global hazards, sudden changes or other surprises–as may societal adaptation and mitigation responses. These poorly known factors could substantially affect the urgency of mitigation as well as adaptation decisions. We outline a strategy for better accommodating these challenges by making climate science more integrative, in order to identify and quantify known and novel physical risks including those arising from interactions with ecosystems and society. We need to do this even–or especially–when they are highly uncertain, and to explore risks and opportunities associated with mitigation and adaptation responses by engaging across disciplines. We argue that upcoming climate assessments need to be more risk‐aware, and suggest ways of achieving this. These strategies improve the chances of anticipating potential surprises and identifying and communicating "safe landing" pathways that meet UN Sustainable Development Goals and guide humanity toward a better future. Plain Language Summary: Global risks may arise from many places, not all of which are being considered at the moment in the usual projections of future climate. Some risks are being overlooked, sometimes by most of the physical science community itself, or else by others who need information about future climate. We think physical climate sciences can do a lot to remedy this situation by looking more systematically at a broader array of risks and possible futures, narrowing them down, and collaboratively seeking better ways to express them. In this perspective we argue why this is important and explain a few ways it can be done. Key Points: Climate science needs to adjust to account systematically for low‐likelihood, high‐impact risks and comprehensive pathway interactionsAchieving this requires new strategies; several are outlined here, including increased model coupling and scenario explorationSuccess will require collaboration between physical sciences and other disciplines [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first law of thermodynamics tells that the total amount of energy and matter in our Universe remains constant. This is also called the law of constants and implies that our Universe is a closed system with regard to matter and energy. The second law of thermodynamics was traditionally explained in terms of increasing entropy over time. This law, from an infodynamics perspective, can be regarded as increasing complexity of informational content over time. This opens an evolutionary view how, from an infodynamics perspective, our Universe evolved from initial simplicity through increasing complexity over time. Increasing complexity over time in a closed‐loop system generates unique transformational dynamics. This paper explores how to apply this understanding for systemic transformational change within conventional systems that have evolved from a mechanistic worldview. Examples of praxis are provided to highlight this midwifing process to ease our collective birthing pains into new ways of being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GRAPH Erin Lindsey Walton Hauck passed away on September 21, 2022 at the age of 44 following a battle with cancer. Erin is survived by her husband, Tyler Hauck, sons Benjamin (11) and Erik (9), parents Elma and Malcolm Walton, and brother Christopher. Her research recognized and characterized shock veins in host-rock fragments from Steen River impactites, and elucidated shock vein mineralogy and metamorphic effects similar to those in shocked meteorites (Walton et al., [8]). [Extracted from the article]

The article aims to demonstrate the breadth of applications for which one can use non-destructive testing techniques, together with very recent research developments and some of the necessary background theory that underpins the basic NDT testing techniques. It demonstrates compressive sensing-based single-pixel camera architecture to acquire spectral images that can be used for non-destructive testing and classification of explosive materials.

We will miss party Ed, creative Ed, kind Ed. The shock classification scheme for ordinary and carbonaceous chondrites developed by Ed with colleagues Dieter Stöffler and Klaus Keil is widely used in meteorite research (Scott et al., 1992; Stöffler et al., 1991). (Ed's first publication [Scott, 1971] reported his discovery of a new iron carbide, [Fe, Ni] SB 23 sb C SB 6 sb , in iron meteorites.) A. J. Timothy Jull 2 Ed's family: Anneliese Scott, Victoria Scott, and Rosemarie Scott References 1 Barber, D. J., and Scott, E. R. D. 2003. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on study from the University of Georgia, the U.S., suggests a non-edible oilseed crop could generate jet fuels and reduce carbon emissions by 68% per litre. Topics include the project has funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture looked at its potential to grow in the South of the U.S., and the crush seeds from carinata and refine the oil to produce jet fuel and other commercially valuable products.

I am fascinated by the sensory ecology of animal interactions with plants and how colours are in plants, so two other notable research papers are 'How colorful are fruits? Limited color diversity in fleshy fruits on local and global scales' by Stournaras I et al. i ([5]) and 'Adaptation of flower and fruit colours to multiple, distinct mutualists' by Renoult I et al. i ([4]). Iridescence, nanomaterials, optical biomaterials, physics of biology, seed-dispersers, sensory ecology, structural colour, vision. [Extracted from the article]

This paper presents a review of recently developed physics-based search and optimization algorithms that have been inspired by natural phenomena. They include Big Bang-Big Crunch, black hole search, galaxy-based search, artificial physics optimization, electromagnetism optimization, charged system search, colliding bodies optimization, and particle collision algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents response of Leland B. Yeager, Professor emeritus of economics at Auburn University to the critical analysis of his paper related to measurement as scientific method in economies published in the journal "American Journal of Economics and Sociology." The progress in physical science is toward increasing precision in numerical results that can be obtained repeatedly by workers in different countries and at different times. No satisfactory numerical expression for the intensity of that preference has been devised. The distinction hinges not on the precision with which numbers may be measured but on the general validity of numerical formulation. The criteria or standards governing acceptance of assertions as warranted are broadly the same in economics as in all science, namely, ability of the observations and logic supporting the assertions to stand up under repeated check by qualified students. Much introspective knowledge underlying economic theory does meet the tests of warranted assertibility since human beings can communicate with one another and compare their introspections and since human beings reveal themselves as broadly alike in certain basic respects describable in terms of desires and motives and purposive actions.

In this paper we describe the nature of some of the student-teacher interactions occurring in classrooms using APPIL (Advanced Physics Project for Independent Learning) materials. Part of the APPIL evaluation, in which we have been involved, has been a detailed study of the use of the materials in schools in which there were specific arrangements for the teaching of sixth form physics. Classes from four schools, having different organisational characteristics, were selected for the case studies. One of the aims of the case studies, and the one addressed in this paper, was to look at the way students and teachers interact when using this approach of teaching and learning. The general observations made do not represent conclusions in any way. They may be useful as a tentative guide to any teacher who wishes to use a similar approach to teaching and learning under similar circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water management has always required more than physical science. This paper reviews the accomplishments of integrating social with physical sciences for water management in the last 50 years. Particular successes are highlighted to illustrate how fundamentals from both physical science and social science have been brought together to improve the performance of water management systems. Some forward-looking lessons for managing practical and academic interdisciplinary research for water management are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses developments for "Acta Crystallographica Section C" as of February 2004. Downward trend in publication times; Changes in the policy on submission of articles for publication.

To assess quantitatively the completeness and clarity of author guidelines of international English-language journals in the biomedical and physical sciences, we randomly sampled 80 journals for which author guidelines were available online in English. The guidelines were reviewed for completeness and clarity in addressing 'aims and scope', 'submission and post-submission processes', 'formatting instructions', 'ethical requirements', and 'authorship', and were subjectively assessed as being complete (score 1) or incomplete (0), and clear (1) or unclear (0). Scores were represented as mean percentages. No journal scored 100% for completeness and clarity. 'Formatting instructions' was the most complete and clear category, and 'authorship' the least complete and clear category. Biomedical science journals were more complete and clear in all categories, except 'authorship', compared to physical science journals. While author guidelines of many English-language journals of biomedical and physical sciences adequately address some essential aspects, they currently do not provide all necessary information as clearly as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: carbon cycle; disturbance; forest ecosystems; global change; Profile; Tansley Medal EN carbon cycle disturbance forest ecosystems global change Profile Tansley Medal 1719 1720 2 11/25/20 20201215 NES 201215 What inspired your interest in plant science? Richardson (2019) focused on plant phenology, the seasonality of vegetation in ecosystems worldwide, and highlighted a near-surface remote sensing approach using digital imaging technology. Carbon cycle, disturbance, forest ecosystems, global change, Profile, Tansley Medal. [Extracted from the article]

This section offers chemistry-related news briefs as of June 1, 2019. A study found that many chemical facilities in the U.S. are at danger due to the effects of climate change. Researchers gave new insight on how to stop inflammation at the molecular, giving hope that treatments for chronic inflammatory diseases may be one step closer. A study found that cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive compound of cannabis could help deliver medications across the blood-brain barrier.

The materials we use today for mechanical design are the outcome of at least 3000 years of development, much of it empirical but much the outcome of systematic science. Both approaches have been motivated by the desire for stiffer, stronger, more durable, and lighter structures, progressively populating material property ''space''. We first examine the extent to which this space is now filled and estimate the ultimate constraints on this filling. Strategies for expanding the filled regions further include hybrid material design-making materials by combining two or more monolithic materials in chosen configurations and connectivity. Here we explore two classes of hybrid-lattice materials and sandwich structures-developing ways of comparing their properties with those of conventional monolithic materials. The comparison reveals the potential of hybrids. This paper builds on ideas that have grown from a long and rewarding collaboration with Tony Evans with whom it has been a privilege to have worked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The theory of domain states is reviewed as a prerequisite for consideration of tensorial distinction of domain states. It is then shown that the parameters of the first domain in a ferroic phase transition from a set of isomorphic groups of the same oriented Laue class can be systematically and suitably represented in terms of typical variables. On replacing these variables by actual tensor components according to the previous paper [Kopský (2006), Acta Cryst. A 62, ], we can reveal the tensorial parameters associated with each particular symmetry descent. Parameters are distinguished by the ireps to which they belong and this can be used to determine which of them are the principal parameters that distinguish all domain states, in contrast to secondary parameters which are common to several domain states. In general, the parameters are expressed as the covariant components of the tensors. A general procedure is described which is designed to transform the results to Cartesian components. It consists of two parts: the first, called the labelling of covariants, and its inverse, called the conversion equations. Transformation of parameters from the first domain state to other states is now reduced to irreducible subspaces whose maximal dimension is three in contrast with higher dimensions of tensor spaces. With this method, we can explicitly calculate tensor parameters for all domain states. To find the distinction of pairs of domain states, it is suitable to use the concept of the twinning group which is briefly described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spectra of parametric X-radiation (PXR) in the range of anomalous dispersion of atoms of a crystallographic unit cell are theoretically analyzed. Characteristics of PXR are calculated for both ultrarelativistic (E ≥ 50 MeV) and non-relativistic (E ... 100 keV) electrons interacting with complex organic crystals. The analysis of the PXR angular distribution is shown to permit the realization of the anomalous scattering method for the direct measurement of structure amplitude phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects on the origin of this journal based on physical sciences. It states that as the need for publishing crystallization reports arose with developments in the field of biology, this journal took shape. It also mentions about the goal of the periodical which is structural biology communications to the society.

In the past century, as is well known, there has been constant debate over the proper methodology in history One side resists that methodologically history is akin to the physical sciences in that it must strive to formulate law-like generalizations and then test them empirically The other side insists that the historian must strive to interpret and understand historical events, and that law-like generalizations have little or no central role in an interpretation Just what an interpretation consists in, however, is not usually made very clear In this paper I shall examine an aspect of the traditional notion of historical interpretation and try to clarify some of its presuppositions
I would like to conclude by pointing out the traps into which this approach to understanding historical understanding may fall I have counted on an analogy between the notion of a linguistic meaning and that of the meaning of an action, but there are definite limitations to how far we can take this analogy Charles Taylor defends this analogy in his paper "Interpretation and the Sciences of Man,"[11] but he notes that there is at least the difference between the two notions that linguistic entitles often refer to a world beyond themselves, while there seems nothing comparable to the notion of reference that applies to actions per se Linguistic meaning may not be reducible to reference, but reference is clearly an important aspect of the semantics of language
I think we can go even further than this in pointing to the disanalogies First, the basic elements of language, words, constitute a fairly well-defined (though changing) set of fairly well-individuated items [12] For example, we know well enough what is revolved in talking about the German vocabulary, and good dictionaries which specify it are not hard to find I do not believe that there is a similarly well-defined set of basic and meaningful actions out of which, by some compositional principles, larger units of... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the framework of the Second IEA Science Study a representative sample of Israeli 12th grade students (N=2153) responded to a series of questionnaires and achievement tests in the last term of the academic years 1983 or 1984. The sample consisted of four groups, three of which specialising each in one of the sciences (biology, chemistry and physics) and one comprised of students who did not study any science in their junior and senior years. The purpose of this paper is to report on gender differences in achievement, attitudes, preferences, learning experiences and study habits. The major findings were as follows. (1) The percentage of girls in each of the specialising groups are as follows. Biology: 61; chemistry: 49; physics: 31, non-science: 66. (2) More boys perceive themselves as high achievers in science and math. (3) Significantly more boys like to study math and science more than other school subjects. (4) Significantly more boys aspire for science-oriented careers. (5) Boys achieve better than girls in physics and in earth science, but their achievement in biology and chemistry is similar to that of girls. The achievement of non-science girls is alarmingly low and with the exception of biology much lower than that of boys. (6) Boys have more positive attitudes toward science and better understanding of the nature of science. (7) Girls express more positive attitudes to school but boys are more interested in science studies. (8) There are no differences in cognitive preferences. (9) Girls report on having more inquiry oriented experiences. (10) More boys aspire for scientific research and engineering careers. Relatively more girls aspire for medical careers. The implications of these findings for science education in general and in Israel in particular are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This section offers news briefs on the biochemical industry as of March 2023. A study from the University of Calgary in Alberta showed the potential of vitamin D supplements to stave off dementia. The role of environmental pollution in antimicrobial resistance is highlighted in a United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report. A database resulting from the Pest Genome Initiative involving Rothamsted Research, Syngenta and Bayer details the genomes of 19 global crop pests.

Copyright of Canadian Geographer is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The advocacy for writing in science and STEM‐related fields through reasoning‐based writing, critical thinking and argumentation has been accentuated as a core competence in curriculum documents. In South Africa, the CAPS document for Physical Sciences acknowledged the importance of writing and consequently, call on teachers to engage in teaching language across the curriculum. This study examined the characteristics of writing prompts in three selected samples of textbooks to understand how writing is addressed in the Physical Sciences textbooks. Specifically, the study examined the frequency and characteristics of writing prompts included in the chemistry component of three selected Physical Sciences textbooks for Grade 12 learners. A total of 533 writing prompts were identified and analyzed using a coding scheme adopted for the study. Findings revealed that learners are prompted to write in variety of ways, with prompts that positioned them to explain why, discuss your ideas, explain how and explain what. While the prompts that ask learners to explain why and discuss your ideas were the most frequently coded, the press to write their reasoning with specific features that are inherent in the respective topics were inadequate. The implications for curriculum developers are the need for explicit instructions on the length of writings required, and for authors to develop adaptable guidelines to enable textbook users understand the writing expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: sea-level rise; climate change; ice sheet; Greenland; Antartica EN sea-level rise climate change ice sheet Greenland Antartica 1 4 4 12/29/22 20221201 NES 221201 The Iselin Marine Facility overlooks Vineyard Sound, Woods Hole Passage, and Great Harbor in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Ice sheet and climate processes driving uncertainty in projections of future sea level rise: Findings from a structured expert judgment approach. Grinsted et al. ([11]) build on previous efforts by considering the most recent generation of climate, ice-sheet, and glacier models, and by quantifying sensitivities of individual contributors to global sea level rise, including the ice sheets. Sea-level rise, climate change, ice sheet, Greenland, Antartica. [Extracted from the article]

The water‐energy‐food (WEF) nexus is a prominent approach for addressing today's sustainable development challenges. In our critical appraisal of the WEF, covering different approaches, drivers, enablers, and applications, we emphasize the situation across the Global South (Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean). Here, WEF research covers at least 23 focal domains. We find that the nexus is still a maturing paradigm primarily rooted in a physical and natural sciences framing, which is itself embedded in a neoliberal securities narrative. While providing insights and tools to address the systemic interdependencies between resource sectors whose exploitation, degradation, and sub‐optimal management contribute to (un)sustainable development, there is still insufficient engagement with social, political, and economic dimensions. Progress related to climate, urbanization, and resource consumption is encouraging, but while governance and finance are central enablers of current and future nexus systems, gaps remain in relation to implementation and operationalization. Harnessing the nexus for sustainable development across the Global South means recognizing that it is more than a biophysical system, but also a multi‐scale complex of people, institutions, and infrastructure, affected by history and context. Addressing this complexity requires alternative and possibly challenging perspectives to counter dominant narratives, and manage problems associated with policy integration, trade‐offs, and winners and losers. We outline 10 emergent research areas that we think can contribute to this endeavor and enable the nexus to be a stronger policy force. Plain Language Summary: The sustainability of water, energy, and food systems, especially in the Global South, is one of the grand challenges of the 21st century. The water‐energy‐food (WEF) nexus provides a framework and an approach to help address these multifaceted issues. Although the WEF paradigm has evolved, experiencing rapid policy uptake, with encouraging applications in understanding climate change, urbanization, and resource consumption impacts, it is yet to achieve its full potential. Unfulfilled promise is evident in the failure to fully harness "nexus thinking" to enhance the implementation of WEF‐based policies and governance of WEF systems. Simultaneously, research on WEF systems remains largely the preserve of the natural and physical sciences, with much less critical attention received from the social and political sciences. Ensuring the WEF paradigm achieves policy and research salience and improved implementation across the Global South, to effectively contribute to sustainable development, means rectifying such imbalances. This will require expanding beyond some of the innovative WEF research already undertaken, emphasizing interdisciplinarity, plural methods, and a focus on communities in the dynamics of nexus systems. We identify 10 emergent priority areas that can contribute to this endeavor and enhance the capacity of the nexus to positively influence policy change for sustainability. Key Points: The water‐energy‐food "nexus" is increasingly used to frame and examine sustainable development challenges in the Global SouthNexus research spans 23 focal domains of activity, with relations between theory and practice improving but still disjointedChallenging current narratives, improving equitability and the salience of nexus theory and practice are key to future utility [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article comments on the paper "Bounds to Texture Components in Superposed Crystallographic Textures," by Jacob L. Jones. It enumerates the issues that Jones addresses in his paper, including the introduction of the concept of multi-component superposed orientation density functions (ODFs), particularly for textures comprising a random component. The introduction of superposed ODFs is considered misleading for a single-phase material in texture analysis.

The IPCC's scientific assessment of the timing of net‐zero emissions and 2030 emission reduction targets consistent with limiting warming to 1.5°C or 2°C rests on large scenario databases. Updates to this assessment, such as between the IPCC's Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C (SR1.5) of warming and the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), are the result of intertwined, sometimes opaque, factors. Here we isolate one factor: the Earth System Model emulators used to estimate the global warming implications of scenarios. We show that warming projections using AR6‐calibrated emulators are consistent, to within around 0.1°C, with projections made by the emulators used in SR1.5. The consistency is due to two almost compensating changes: the increase in assessed historical warming between SR1.5 (based on AR5) and AR6, and a reduction in projected warming due to improved agreement between the emulators' response to emissions and the assessment to which it is calibrated. Plain Language Summary: The IPCC's latest physical science report, the Working Group 1 Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), was released in August 2021. That report includes an update to the tools used to project the climate outcome of emission scenarios. Here we apply these newly calibrated tools, called earth system model emulators, to the set of scenarios assessed in the IPCC's Special Report on warming of 1.5°C (SR1.5). We find that two compensating changes lead to a remarkable consistency (peak warming projections within 0.1°C) between the projections made by the emulators used in SR1.5 and their descendants used in AR6. First, updates to the historical warming assessment since the SR1.5 (which was based on the IPCC's 2013 physical science report (AR5)) increase future warming projections. However, improved consistency between the emulators and the assessment of the underlying physics, particularly the short‐term warming response to emissions, lowers warming projections by an approximately equivalent amount. Our work reinforces the key messages from the IPCC: limiting warming to around 1.5°C is a great and urgent challenge, and it is up to us to decide whether we pull out all the stops to hold temperatures around 1.5°C or whether we sail on by. Key Points: Emulators used in IPCC Special Report on warming of 1.5°C and Sixth Assessment Report are remarkably consistent, despite their entirely new calibrationsThe consistency is due to two compensating factors: change in assessed historical warming and improvements to emulator calibration methods [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on world news briefs. Topics include group in the US opening the spigots for plants making more aromatic compounds allowing crops for converting more atmospheric carbon dioxide into high-value aromatic compounds; and using the principles of origami where researchers producing a wirelessly propelled mm-scale robot capable of swimming through bodily fluids.

The orthogonal relationship between theoretical/experiential and procedural knowledge about NTS (Figure 5a, Appendix C: Figure S1) also points to superficial NTS experiences, highlighting the difficulty engineering students have translating what they have heard and seen into procedures for differentiating NTS from other landscape features. Given the respective densities of NTS on and off campus (roughly 3.2 NTS per km on campus and 0.2 NTS per km off campus; Silvertooth et al., 2019), it seems unlikely that this result is due to students who are far from campus NTS still being proximal to off-campus NTS, although we cannot rule out this possibility. Student understanding of NTS might also have been limited by infrequent exposure to built NTS in course curricula: only 6% of student participants reported visiting NTS as part of a class and 1% for research (Appendix C: Table S1). Keywords: ecosystem services; green infrastructure; green stormwater infrastructure; landscape perception EN ecosystem services green infrastructure green stormwater infrastructure landscape perception 481 504 24 04/06/22 20220401 NES 220401 INTRODUCTION Urban communities face many challenges globally, including altered hydrology, which has cascading impacts on water quality and public/ecosystem health (Askarizadeh et al., 2015; Walsh et al., 2016). In the full survey where NTS signage was addressed, unsigned NTS were reported by participants significantly more often than signed NTS (29% vs. 11% of the time; I p i < 0.05), and more participants were able to recall the specific type of NTS they had seen when they reported having seen signed NTS (79% vs. 50%; marginally significant, I p i = 0.07). [Extracted from the article]

Studies to identify marginal snow environments (taking into account hemispheric differences in snow [Sanecki et al., 2006a]), like those that identify hotspots of snow cover change (e.g., Notarnicola, 2020), can guide where understanding the ecological value of snow is likely have the greatest benefit for informing conservation efforts. Keywords: climate change; phenology; snow manipulation; snow melt; subnivean; winter; bajo nieve; cambio climático; deshielo; fenología; invierno; manipulación de la nieve EN climate change phenology snow manipulation snow melt subnivean winter bajo nieve cambio climático deshielo fenología invierno manipulación de la nieve 1 13 13 03/02/22 20220201 NES 220201 Introduction Seasonal snow, which covers the ground for weeks to months each year, is a feature of many temperate and mountain ecosystems. The predominance of studies on alpine (cold, deep snow cover) and maritime snow (warm, deep snow cover) does not correspond to the relative frequencies of these 2 snow types across the landscape; each are <10% of snow-covered land area in the northern hemisphere. First, predictions for the direction and magnitude of change in snow conditions over the coming decades vary regionally and by elevation; marginal snow environments-those where temperatures are already close to freezing-are likely to experience the first and greatest losses of snow and thus the most rapid loss of snow-associated habitat (Notarnicola, 2020; Steger et al., 2013). [Extracted from the article]

The article presents a paper about bis[2,4-diamino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidin-1-ium] DL-malate. According to the article, a 1:2 salt can be formed from racemic malic acid in which the malate compound is disordered across a centre of inversion. It says that despite of the malic acid being one of the simplest chiral dicarboxylic acids, its role in supramolecular chemistry has not been widely studied.

Power-law frequency distributions characterize a wide array of natural phenomena. In ecology, biology, and many physical and social sciences, the exponents of these power laws are estimated to draw inference about the processes underlying the phenomenon, to test theoretical models, and to scale up from local observations to global patterns. Therefore, it is essential that these exponents be estimated accurately. Unfortunately, the binning-based methods traditionally used in ecology and other disciplines perform quite poorly. Here we discuss more sophisticated methods for fitting these exponents based on cumulative distribution functions and maximum likelihood estimation. We illustrate their superior performance at estimating known exponents and provide details on how and when ecologists should use them. Our results confirm that maximum likelihood estimation outperforms other methods in both accuracy and precision. Because of the use of biased statistical methods for estimating the exponent, the conclusions of several recently published papers should be revisited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quartz aggregates that formed by coalescence of quartz crystals in the magma or in hydrothermal solution are considered. If the individuals have rhombohedral faces in contact, there will be two special cases: parallel intergrowths and intergrowths that agree in orientation and contact plane with Esterel twins grown from a twinned nucleus. For all other known cases, i.e. when the relative orientation satisfies the Japan, Sardinian, Tiflis, Zyndel-A or Samshvildo law, both individuals have exactly coinciding short symmetry translations in only one direction in the contact plane (monoperiodic twins). If a rhombohedral face is in contact with a prism face, monoperiodic twins will occur if the relative orientation satisfies the Zinnwald, Disentis or a proposed hypothetic law. The orientation of the two lattices can be expressed by a 180° rotation about an axis with low indices independent of c/ a in the case of the Esterel, Japan and Sardinian laws. The same is true for the Tiflis and Zyndel-A laws only if they are redefined, and not at all in the case of the Samshvildo, Zinnwald, Disentis and hypothetic laws. When the two individuals have rhombohedral faces in contact, there will even be exact two-dimensional coincidence (multiplicity σ) in the contact plane and exact three-dimensional coincidence (multiplicity Σ) in space if the square of the axial ratio c/ a is rational. Indications are found that (despite their high values) these multiplicities may be related to the frequency of occurrence of intergrowths in low- and high-quartz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a number of the results relevant to the concept of sublattices of a basic crystallographic lattice are reviewed, emphasizing particularly previously unpublished work on the algebraic aspects. A three-dimensional geometric lattice L can be considered as an infinite Abelian group under addition. A sublattice S of L, which is also three-dimensional, is a subgroup of L such that the finite quotient group, is an Abelian group of order the index of S in L. The sublattice itself in its standard form is represented by an upper triangular matrix. The index of the sublattice is given by the determinant of this matrix. It is first noted that a sublattice described by an arbitrary basis set in L may be converted to this standard form. Next the sublattice is expressed as the intersection of a set of sublattices of individual index a power of a distinct prime, i.e. where p1, p2 etc. are prime numbers and is the Euclidean factorization of n. This decomposition is important because it corresponds to the Sylow decomposition of the corresponding quotient group It is also useful to be able to carry out two commutative binary operations on sublattices of L; these are to find their common sublattice of lowest index in L, which is their intersection and their common superlattice of highest index in L, given by where <> indicates the span of the sublattices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure of the coincidence symmetry group of an arbitrary -dimensional lattice in the -dimensional Euclidean space is considered by describing a set of generators. Particular attention is given to the coincidence isometry subgroup (the subgroup formed by those coincidence symmetries that are elements of the orthogonal group). Conditions under which the coincidence isometry group can be generated by reflections defined by vectors of the lattice are discussed and an algorithm to decompose an arbitrary element of the coincidence isometry group in terms of reflections defined by vectors of the lattice is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The system of Hermann–Mauguin symbols for space and subperiodic Euclidean groups in two and three dimensions is extended to groups with continuous and semicontinuous translation subgroups (lattices). An interpretation of these symbols is proposed in which each symbol defines a quite specific Euclidean group with reference to a crystallographic basis, including the location of the group in space. Symbols of subperiodic (layer and rod) groups are strongly correlated with symbols of decomposable space groups on the basis of the factorization theorem. Introduction of groups with continuous and semicon­tinuous lattices is connected with a proposal for several new terms that describe the properties of these groups and with a proposal to amend the meaning of space groups and of crystallographic groups. Charts of plane, layer and space groups describe variants of these groups with the same reducible point group but various types of lattices. Examples of such charts are given for plane, layer and space groups to illustrate the unification principle for groups with decomposable lattices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]