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This study aims to explore strategies for overcoming relational inertia and enhancing their creativity after inter‐firm mobility of inventors. The research sample comprises 591 mobile inventors identified using a patent data‐based model from Chinese communication technology companies. Employing the framework of dynamic network analysis, this study examines the impact of network closure at different time on overcoming relational inertia and investigates the influence of knowledge structure. The findings suggest that a lower level of past and current network closure is more conducive to knowledge sharing and technological innovation after inter‐firm mobility of inventors. Furthermore, mobile inventors with broad and in‐depth knowledge structures demonstrate significantly improved knowledge sharing and technological innovation, effectively mitigating relational inertia. These conclusions offer a systematic research perspective and comprehensive theoretical guidance, emphasizing the importance of optimizing network resources and knowledge structures to help inventors overcome relational inertia after inter‐firm mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC) have an exceptionally poor prognosis and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with etoposide‐platinum is recommended as standard first‐line therapy. However, which combination pattern is the best still remains unknown. This network meta‐analysis was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of currently available patterns including an antiangiogenic agent containing regimen and probed into the most appropriate therapy for patients. Methods: Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were generated using R software. The outcomes of overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events of grade 3 or higher (grade ≥ 3 adverse events [AEs]) were analyzed. Results: A total of 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 5544 patients were included for analysis. Drug combination patterns included adebrelimab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, durvalumab plus tremelimumab, ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, serplulimab, benmelstobart plus anlotinib, tislelizumab, tiragolumab plus atezolizumab and toripalimab in combination with chemotherapy. The novel antiangiogenic agent containing regimen benmelstobart + anlotinib + chemotherapy showed the highest possibility to present the best PFS and OS versus chemotherapy. Compared with ICI plus chemotherapy, it also achieved significantly better PFS and presented a tendency of OS benefit. As for safety and toxicity, patients treated with benmelstobart + anlotinib + chemotherapy and durvalumab + tremelimumab + chemotherapy suffered a higher likelihood of more grade ≥ 3 AEs without unexpected AEs. Conclusion: PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors‐based combinations are associated with significant improvement in both PFS and OS for treatment‐naïve ES‐SCLC patients. Benmelstobart plus anlotinib with chemotherapy (CT) yielded better survival benefit versus CT alone or other ICIs + CT with caution for more adverse effects along with the addition of an antiangiogenic agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RGB‐D salient object detection (SOD) is to detect salient objects from one RGB image and its depth data. Although related networks have achieved appreciable performance, they are not ideal for mobile devices since they are cumbersome and time‐consuming. The existing lightweight networks for RGB‐D SOD use depth information as additional input, and integrate depth information with colour image, which achieve impressive performance. However, the quality of depth information is uneven and the acquisition cost is high. To solve this issue, depth‐aware strategy is first combined to propose a lightweight SOD model, Depth‐Aware Lightweight network (DAL), using only RGB maps as input, which is applied to mobile devices. The DAL's framework is composed of multi‐level feature extraction branch, specially designed channel fusion module (CF) to perceive the depth information, and multi‐modal fusion module (MMF) to fuse the information of multi‐modal feature maps. The proposed DAL is evaluated on five datasets and it is compared with 14 models. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed DAL outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art lightweight networks. The proposed DAL has only 5.6 M parameters and inference speed of 39 ms. Compared with the best‐performing lightweight method, the proposed DAL has fewer parameters, faster inference speed, and higher accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, HDPE/UHMWPE microporous films were prepared by blending UHMWPE and HDPE with DOP as the diluent via thermally‐induced phase separation (TIPS) method. Morphological studies showed that the phase separation mode of the mixed systems was hardly changed in the presence of UHMWPE. Both average pore size and porosity of the blend films increased firstly and then decreased with increasing UHMWPE content. When UHMWPE content reached 1.5 wt%, both porosity and average pore size of the film reached their maximum values (with a porosity of 84.8% and an average pore size of 0.79 μm). The addition of UHMWPE was found to not only enhance the thermal stability of the HDPE/UHMWPE blend films, but also greatly reduce their thermal shrinkage rate as well as the closed cell temperature, which made the diaphragms containing UHMWPE have good prospect for the application in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of phase change materials (PCMs) composites with high light‐to‐thermal energy conversion efficiency is of great importance for solar energy storage. Herein, the preparation of novel PCMs composites by incorporation of fatty amines (FAs) into the carbon membranes (CMs) with aligned nanochannels network is first reported, which is obtained by employing an anodic alumina oxidation membrane as sacrificing template and using polypyrrole and asphalt as carbon precursor via a simple carbonization treatment. The carbonized membranes possess abundant porosity and aligned nanochannels, which is beneficial to harvest solar light combined with their carbon in nature. In addition, organic PCMs, i.e. 1‐Hexadecanamine (HDA, ΔH = 311.1 kJ/kg) and 1‐Aminoheptadecane (AHD, ΔH = 293.0 kJ/kg) can be spontaneously loaded into the nanochannels of CMs by the capillary action and surface tension. The fabricated FAs/CMs composites present an enhanced thermal conductivity ranging from 0.291 to 0.525 W m−1 K−1. Compared to pure FAs, the thermal conductivities of the PCMs composites are 144.8–357.1% higher than that of the control. Meanwhile, the as‐synthesized FAs/CMs composites also exhibit a remarkable high photothermal energy storage efficiency of up to 93.8%, which is one of the highest values reported to date, making them promising candidates for a broad range of applications in solar energy harvesting, conversion, and storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sophistication, adaptability, and complexity of biological systems have provided enormous inspiration and have been a continuous source of numerous innovations. Soft living organisms like drosera capensis have amazing predatory behavior that can capture prey of ideal size, enabling them to interact with environmental stimuli efficiently. Mimicking such natural intelligence in artificial systems with systematical functions of multiple information perception, neuronal transmission, and adaptive motility remains a grand challenge. Here, a biomimetic drosera capensis is reported that is capable of multifunctional self‐sensing, automatic regulation, and adaptive actuation in response to diverse stimuli with intelligent predation capability in an entirely closed‐loop fashion. The functional system heterogeneously integrates the thermal‐responsive soft actuator as the muscle‐like motor and flexible tactile, strain, and piezoelectric multimodal sensors as somatosensory receptors. With the synergistic effect of multifunctional sensing and fast actuating schemes, the artificial drosera capensis deconvolutes multiple characteristics of the catching process (e.g., strain rate, magnitude, and direction) and thus holds impressive predatory behavior for ideal‐sized prey. This electronically innervated artificial drosera capensis with multimodal sensing and self‐regulated actuating capability through the closed‐loop control of sensing and actuating system paves the way for the development of adaptive soft robots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar steam generation (SSG) has emerged as a promising technology to utilize solar energy for desalination. As the key part of the SSG system, photothermal materials (PMs) play a critical role due to their unique solar‐driven interface evaporation pattern. Herein, the research progress of PMs based on natural products and synthetic polymers in recent years is reviewed. The major emphasis lies on the preparation method, the structure, and the solar energy conversion efficiency of such PMs. Further understanding of the structure–performance relationship of these materials may supply useful guidance for design and fabrication of high‐performance PMs, which is of great importance for the promotion of practical application of SSG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transfer printing techniques based on tunable adhesives that enable heterogeneous integration of materials in desired layouts are essential for developing existing and envisioned systems such as flexible electronics and micro‐LED (µ‐LED) displays. Here, a novel thermal controlled tunable adhesive, which not only has the ability of eliminating the interfacial adhesion for printing but also provides a new strategy for enhancing the interfacial adhesion for pick‐up is reported. The tunable adhesive features cavities filled with air on the surface. This simple construct offers thermal controlled suction and thrust with their amplitudes on the order of a few tens of kPa within 100 °C temperature change, which enables a reliable damage‐free transfer printing. Systematically theoretical and experimental studies reveal the underlying thermal induced pressure change mechanism and provide insights into the design and operation of the thermal controlled tunable adhesive. Demonstrations of this smart adhesive in manipulation of various surfaces and transfer printing of micro‐scale Si inks and µ‐LEDs illustrate its unusual capabilities for deterministic assembly by transfer printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultraflexible neural probe is an ideal tool for brain research, which can reduce the mechanical interfacial mismatch between electrodes and brain tissue and can thus reduce the tissue's inflammation and extend the electrodes' service life. However, the low stiffness of ultraflexible neural probe makes it susceptible to bending and buckling during insertion into brain. Here, a simple yet robust design of removable insertion shuttle consisting of a steel needle with a dissolvable spheroid micropost is reported for ultraflexible neural probe implantation. The dissolvable spheroid micropost of insertion shuttle is fabricated by the simple dip‐coating process based on the competition and balance between the surface tension and gravity. A temporary engaging mechanism enabled by the micropost engaged into the via hole on the tip of ultraflexible neural probe is adopted to enable an easy and quick implantation. Experimental studies reveal the fundamental aspects of the design of removable insertion shuttle and the operation of implantation. In vivo implantation of ultraflexible neural probes into rat's brain illustrates the unusual capabilities of removable insertion shuttle with the accurate positioning of probe at desired depth and the stable chronic brain electrophysiological recording, which show great potential in both basic neuroscience and clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spongy carbon soot (s‐CS) was prepared and used as novel host material of the form‐stable composite phase change materials (PCMs). The s‐CS was constructed by the interconnected and compact large agglomerates of the soot particles with an average size of 25–60 nm. The average pore diameter of the s‐CS was measured to be 15.3 nm. Owing to capillary forces of s‐CS, n‐carboxylic acids can be easily absorbed into the pores and stay stable without leakage. The PCMs/s‐CS composite present a high heat storage capacity between 83.42 J g−1 and 99.63 J g−1, corresponding to the mass fraction of n‐carboxylic acids between 50.10% and 53.20%. The effects of the supporting material on thermal stability and thermal conductivity of composites were investigated by means of thermogravimetry and flash thermal conductivity testing. The PCM/spongy CS composites exhibit excellent thermal stability and durability, and may have great potential for renewable energy saving applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene oxide based molecularly imprinted polymers modified with β‐cyclodextrin were prepared as solid‐phase extraction column sorbents for specific recognition and sensitive detection of di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate in water samples. The morphology and composition of synthesized sorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermo‐gravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The conditions affecting the performance of extraction procedures such as desorption solvent types and volume, sample pH and volume were investigated. The loading capacity (8.2 μg/mg) of the prepared sorbents increased eight times after modification with β‐cyclodextrin. The developed extraction procedures coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography exhibited good linearity (0.2–500 μg/L), low limit of detection (0.052 μg/L), and good precision (relative standard deviation˂5.7%) under optimized conditions. The developed solid‐phase extraction technique with prepared sorbents has been successfully applied in extracting trace di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate from real natural waters with high efficiency, good selectivity, and desirable recoveries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT An environmentally friendly ionic liquids dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) method coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of antihypertensive drugs irbesartan and valsartan in human urine samples was developed. The HPLC separations were accomplished in less than 10 min using a reversed-phase C18 column (250 × 4.60 mm i.d., 5 µm) with a mobile phase containing 0.3 % formic acid solution and methanol (v/v, 3:7; flow rate, 1.0 mL/min). UV absorption responses at 236 nm were linear over a wide concentration range from 50 µg/mL to the detection limits of 3.3 µg/L for valsartan and 1.5 µg/L for irbesartan. The effective parameters on IL-DLLME, such as ionic liquid types and their amounts, disperser solvent types and their volume, pH of the sample and extraction time were studied and optimized. The developed IL-DLLME-HPLC was successfully applied for evaluation of the urine irbesartan and valsartan profile following oral capsules administration. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The effects of 12 imidazolium room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), including [Cnmim]BF4, [Cnmim]PF6, and [Cnmim]Br ( n = 4, 6, 8, 10), on the fluorescent properties of norfloxacin were examined. The fluorescence intensity of norfloxacin at 0.1 mg/L in methanol significantly increased with the addition of [Cnmim]BF4 and [Cnmim]PF6 into the solvent at 0.1-15.0%. The sensitizing effect may result from the higher viscosity of the RTILs-methanol mixture solvent than that of the methanol itself. However, the quenching effect on fluorescence of norfloxacin was observed in [Cnmim]Br-methanol solvent. The fluorescence intensities of norfloxacin decreased with an increase in the alkyl chain length of the alkyl substituents of the imidazolium ring of RTILs. The main interaction between the RTILs and norfloxacin is not by hydrogen bonding. The fact, that some RTILs can significantly sensitize fluorescence of norfloxacin, indicates that RTILs could be a group of promising solvents for development of sensitive spectrofluorimetric methods for determination of norfloxacin at ultra-trace levels in environmental samples. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nano-CaCO3 was used as nano-scale filler and poly(1,2-propylene glycol adipate) (PPA) was used as polymeric plasticizer in flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) sheets for the partial replacement of di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DOP) in this paper. The effect of PPA and nano-CaCO3 on restraining DOP migration was evaluated via extraction tests. The results showed that the introduction of nano-CaCO3 can decrease the extraction rate of DOP in the PVC matrix. The tensile strength and elongation at break of CaCO3-1/PPA-20/DOP-30/PVC were similar to those of DOP-50/PVC, and CaCO3-1/PPA-20/DOP-30/PVC exhibited the superior suppression of DOP migration compared with DOP-50/PVC. Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) indicated that the addition of nano-CaCO3 effectively improved the thermal stability of the nanocomposites. Therefore, the combination of PPA and nano-CaCO3 is an effective approach to suppress the migration of DOP. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insertion Shuttle: A Removable Insertion Shuttle for Ultraflexible Neural Probe Implantation with Stable Chronic Brain Electrophysiological Recording (Adv. Keywords: insertion shuttle; neural probe; ultraflexible EN insertion shuttle neural probe ultraflexible 1 1 1 03/23/20 20200320 NES 200320 A simple yet robust removable insertion shuttle by dip-coating is used to assist the implantation of ultra-flexible neural probe into brain with the accurate positioning of probe at desired depth and the stable chronic brain electrophysiological recording. Insertion shuttle, neural probe, ultraflexible. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: functional composite; phase change material; thermal management; wearable electronics Compared with conventional substrates, the proposed functional soft composite offers novel routes to manipulate heat flow and absorb excessive heat energy, which can reduce the peak temperature increase by 85%. Functional composite, phase change material, thermal management, wearable electronics. [Extracted from the article]

Thermal management of wearable electronics integrated with biological tissues remains one of the critical challenges for their practical applications. The undesired heating can cause thermal discomfort or even thermal damage to biological tissues. Here, a novel thermal protecting substrate design is proposed for wearable electronics with abilities to manipulate the heat flow and efficiently absorb the excessive heat energy without the compromise of substrate flexibility. The thermal protecting substrate features a functional soft composite, which incorporates the embedded phase change material with a thin metal film on the top in a soft polymer. Compared with conventional substrate, the proposed thermal protecting substrate can reduce the peak temperature increase by over 85% with appropriate parameters. Experimental and numerical studies reveal the fundamental aspects of the design and operation of functional soft composite to effectively avoid excessive heating of biological tissues. Influences of geometrical parameters on temperature reduction are investigated. Device demonstration of thermal protecting substrate in a wearable heater on pig skin illustrates the unusual capability to reduce the maximum skin temperature, thereby enabling practical applications of wearable electronics and creating engineering opportunities in biointegrated applications requiring thermal protection of biological tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel and environmentally friendly attapulgite‐based aerogel with a three‐dimensional fibrillary network structure was prepared by incorporation of nanometer‐sized natural clay crystals, in this case attapulgite (ATP), into degradable poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), cotton cellulose nanowhisker, and melamine using only a simple blending method and subsequently a freeze‐drying process. The ATP‐based aerogel exhibits an abundant porosity with an average mesopore size of 8.0 nm in diameter. Compared to fragile and rigid inorganic aerogels, the as‐prepared aerogel shows good flexibility and mechanical strength with a compressive strength of 9.65 × 104 Pa and 10.19 × 104 Pa at 20% and 40% of compressive strain, respectively. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical flame tests show that the resulting aerogel possesses excellent flame retardancy, with an LOI of 59.5%. Microcalorimetry test results show that the total heat release of the aerogel is as low as 5.1 KJ/g. Also, the sample shows a better thermal insulation property, with a thermal conductivity of about 0.045 W m−1 K−1 in air. Taking advantage of a simple and environmentally friendly fabrication, abundant natural clay resources, easy scalability, nearly no pollution emission in the process, and cost‐efficient production, the ATP‐based aerogel has great potential as ideal flame retardant and thermal insulation materials for many applications such as modern building construction or energy‐efficient coatings. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47849. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]