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The COVID-19 pandemic has changed life in Europe and globally. The pandemic affects both individuals and the broader society across many domains, including physical and psychological health, the economy and general welfare. The measures taken to counteract the pandemic have significantly altered daily life and, along with the threat of contracting the coronavirus and uncertainties surrounding future developments, created a complex system of stressors with a negative impact on public mental health. This paper aims to outline the ESTSS strategy to address mental health issues related to COVID-19 and focuses on (1) trauma-informed policies, (2) capacity building, (3) collaborative research and (4) knowledge-exchange. To facilitate implementation of a trauma-informed approach and appropriate measures, ESTSS has developed a toolkit of recommendations on mental health and psychosocial assistance to be provided during the different phases of crisis and its aftermath. To promote capacity building, ESTSS offers a certification programme based on a curriculum in psychotraumatology and corresponding on-line training to the European community of mental health professionals. To assure evidence-based approaches and methods tailored to current circumstances, ESTSS has initiated a pan-European research project with international cooperation aimed at studying the mental health consequences of the pandemic, with a focus on psychological trauma and other stress-related reactions. To foster knowledge-exchange, the European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT), the official journal of ESTSS, is publishing a special issue on COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One of the topics in health psychology is the positive effects of psychological trauma on people encountered a trauma and determining the facilitating factors of these positive effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of posttraumatic growth with religious coping and social support among earthquake victims of Bam City, Iran, in 2015. Materials and Methods: The present study was a correlation study in which 230 participants from Bam were selected using cluster sampling method. The relevant data were collected using Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Religious Coping Scale (RCOPE), and Multiple Scale of Social Support (MSPSS). Then the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS performing central tendency and dispersion tests, t test, variance analysis and correlation coefficients. Results: The total Mean±SD scores of posttraumatic growth, religious coping, and perceived social support were 3.66±0.61, 3.53±0.54 and 5.37±1.24, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the total scores of posttraumatic growth and religious coping (P=0.0001, r=0.43). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, improving religious coping and perceived social support could increase posttraumatic growth and provide better conditions for living and decreasing society's problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Psychotraumatology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Electronic recording of vital sign observations (e-Obs) has become increasingly prevalent in hospital care. The evidence of clinical impact for these systems is mixed. Objective: The objective of our study was to assess the effect of e-Obs versus paper documentation (paper) on length of stay (time between trauma unit admission and "fit to discharge") for trauma patients. Methods: A single-center, randomized stepped-wedge study of e-Obs against paper was conducted in two 26-bed trauma wards at a medium-sized UK teaching hospital. Randomization of the phased intervention order to 12 study areas was computer generated. The primary outcome was length of stay. Results: A total of 1232 patient episodes were randomized (paper: 628, e-Obs: 604). There were 37 deaths in hospital: 21 in the paper arm and 16 in the e-Obs arm. For discharged patients, the median length of stay was 5.4 (range: 0.2-79.0) days on the paper arm and 5.6 (range: 0.1-236.7) days on the e-Obs arm. Competing risks regression analysis for time to discharge showed no difference between the treatment arms (subhazard ratio: 1.05; 95% CI 0.82-1.35; P=.68). A greater proportion of patient episodes contained an Early Warning Score (EWS) ≥3 using the e-Obs system than using paper (subhazard ratio: 1.63; 95% CI 1.28-2.09; P<.001). However, there was no difference in the time to the subsequent observation, "escalation time" (hazard ratio 1.05; 95% CI 0.80-1.38; P=.70). Conclusions: The phased introduction of an e-Obs documentation system was not associated with a change in length of stay. A greater proportion of patient episodes contained an EWS≥3 using the e-Obs system, but this was not associated with a change in "escalation time." Trial Registration: ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN91040762; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN91040762 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/72prakGTU) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Psychotraumatology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of European Journal of Psychotraumatology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The pandemic provides an opportunity for filmmakers to identify the potential of the limited space. The pandemic-driven perspectives of the filmmakers widen the horizon of space beyond the spatial and temporal dimensions. Malayalam films have responded to the unprecedented and shocking outbreak of COVID-19 faster because space and its utilization have been always minimal in the industry. People have been shattered in isolation and the new normal imparted new phrases and idioms to the language of life. The desire to socialize, the angst to stay and work at home, the issues of parenting, and the financial crisis have all become part of the new normal. To narrate any kind of story has appeared challenging because the pandemic is an amalgamation of anxieties and it demands to be faithful to all the unfortunate situations of life while featuring it. Thus, the idea of shifting from the physical space to the psychological space progressed and it paves way for extraordinary films with brilliant performances. This paper is an attempt to explore the documentation of the pandemic in Aarkkariyam, a 2021 mystery drama and Joji, a crime thriller. The paper focuses on the many facets of the pandemic like psychological trauma, isolation, work from home, social and financial instability, and the change in the dynamics of ‘home’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the aftermath of the devastating Palu disaster in September 2018, communities, especially children, suffered deep psychological trauma. At the request of faith leaders, local NGO Wahana Visi Indonesia (WVI), in partnership with Krida Wacana Christian University (UKRIDA), conducted a psychosocial support training program for volunteers, including Qur'an recitation teachers and Sunday school teachers in Palu. These trained volunteers then initiated a psychosocial support initiative for children in the area. Years later, WVI and UKRIDA conducted a reflective study of the program, collecting data from 40 volunteers through focus group discussions and surveys. The study identified key themes, including the effectiveness of the training, reflections on program implementation, lessons learned, and recommendations for future programs. The study underscores the importance of multi-stakeholder involvement, particularly that of faith-based organizations, in providing psychosocial support in disasteraffected areas. Given the recurring threat of disasters in the region, the study advocates for transparent collaboration among various social stakeholders. To build community resilience, disaster management strategies need to be widely disseminated, and the need for continuous training to strengthen community preparedness is emphasized. In addition, the development of culturally sensitive training modules tailored to the community's language, age, and religious background is essential. Such a comprehensive commitment will ensure the community's ability to deal effectively with future disasters. Detailed findings are discussed further in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: With high rates of trauma in the population, known links between trauma and perinatal distress, and the intimate and close nature of the nursing and midwifery roles, ensuring awareness and understandings of trauma is crucial for guiding practice. This paper aims to explore the relationship of trauma to the perinatal period, based on theory and practice, to consider on how nurses and midwives can deliver trauma‐sensitive interactions. Design and Methods: This discursive discussion draws on relevant research from the fields of trauma therapy, attachment theory and nursing and midwifery practice to consider elements of trauma‐sensitive practice in the perinatal period. Results: Nurses and midwives can foster safety for people who have experienced trauma through noticing and responding to triggers, supporting awareness of attachment and its relationships to trauma, undertaking psychosocial screening with care, supporting linearity and cohesion in narratives and developing collaborative care plans that maximise safety and agency. For nurses and midwives, understandings of the relationship between trauma, pregnancy, birth, early parenting and distress is crucial for effective care delivery. Delivering perinatal nursing or midwifery care of any kind, without universal trauma precautions risks reinforcing, misinterpreting or re‐enacting dynamics of trauma. To be trauma‐sensitive in this period requires nurses and midwives to have awareness of the dynamics of trauma in relation to pregnancy, birth and attachment. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: This paper fills a gap in the translation of theory to practice for trauma‐sensitive care in the perinatal period, with a focus on the therapeutic relationship formed by nurses and midwives. The findings highlight that nurses and midwives can foster safety for people who have experienced trauma within their practice, when they hold a robust understanding of the relationship between trauma, pregnancy, birth, early parenting and distress. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) appear to be effective for improving the mental health of healthcare professionals (HCPs). However, the effectiveness of MBIs on extreme psychological trauma caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is largely unknown. The aim of this paper was to systematically review empirical studies of MBIs for HCPs carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic, to evaluate them and their effectiveness in different areas of mental health. Methods: The electronic databases searched were Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and PsycINFO. The date when each database was last searched was September 15, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials (NRCTs), and non-randomized non-controlled trials (NRNCTs) focused on MBIs for health care staff who were working in healthcare centers during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. All of them employed standardized measures of mental health. The review followed the best practices and reported using PRISMA guidelines. A data collection form, adapted from the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions, was used to extract and synthesize the results. The methods used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies were the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the ROBINS-I Tool. Results: Twenty-eight studies were included in the systematic review. Overall, the methodological quality of the studies was moderate. The results showed the effectiveness of MBIs in improving levels of stress, mindfulness, and mental well-being. However, no conclusive results were found regarding the effectiveness of MBIs in improving the levels of burnout, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and resilience of HCPs. Conclusions: The MBIs for HCPs carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic have mainly contributed to improving stress, mindfulness, and mental well-being at a time of serious health emergency. However, more robust studies at a methodological level would have been desirable. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021267621 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay aims at reading Abdulrazak Gurnah's Afterlives (2020) as a part of the larger theoretical project of posttraumatic fiction. Within the framework of social cognitive theory, this essay contends that perceived self-efficacy, with its protective function and demonstrable contribution to post-traumatic recovery, enables Hamza, Gurnah's protagonist and a survivor of several traumatic experiences, to exercise some measure of control over his life adversities. Hamza's experiences highlight the substantial relationship between trauma, perceived self-efficacy, and post-traumatic recovery. The analysis leads to the conclusion that Afterlives can productively be considered a work of post-traumatic fiction, both involving and exposing its protagonist's perceived capability to manage his personal functioning in the aftermath of his traumatic experiences. This study not only contributes to literary scholarship by offering a new perspective on Gurnah's work but also provides valuable insights for psychological research on trauma recovery. The paper is divided into several sections: an introduction to Gurnah's work, a literature review of relevant studies, a detailed discussion of the concept of self-efficacy, an analysis of the novel, and a conclusion that ties the findings to contemporary psychological theories. Additionally, this study provides recommendations for future research, suggesting the exploration of self-efficacy in other literary works and examining its application in real-life trauma recovery contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper investigates how companies become resilient to supply chain (SC) piracy through using transactional and relational governance mechanisms to develop strategies effective in environments characterized by weak regulative institutions and mistrust. Design/methodology/approach: This study developed case studies of nine large manufacturers with operations in Brazil. Findings: The companies employed transactional and relational governance mechanisms to learn from past incidents, anticipate, and respond to the threat of SC piracy, becoming more resilient over time. Transactional governance mechanisms reduced risk triggers through technology, while relational governance mechanisms enhanced trust between SC and non-SC members, allowing the members to build social capital. Practical implications: The authors provide practical guidance for managers and policymakers in developing risk management strategies based on technology and collaboration to reduce SC piracy in environments characterized by mistrust. Social implications: SC piracy is a serious problem for global operations and SCs in many low-cost manufacturing locations. Besides the cost and service level consequences, the authors also highlight worker safety consequences, including the potential for kidnapping, psychological trauma, injuries, and death. Originality/value: This study focuses on the little-researched topic of SC piracy. The authors examine the negative effects of a weak institutional environment, while most prior research focuses on the positive effects of a strong institutional environment. The authors position transactional and relational governance mechanisms as essential elements of SC risk resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Psychological trauma is an established risk factor for psychosis. Trauma‐focused psychotherapies (TFPT) have been suggested as a potential treatment for reducing psychotic symptoms in those who have experienced trauma. We therefore sought to investigate the effectiveness, tolerability, and acceptability of TFPT for psychotic symptoms. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies of any form of TFPT that measured psychotic symptoms across a broad range of diagnoses. Results: From 2584 papers initially identified, 17 studies (857 participants) met eligibility criteria. TFPT were found to be well tolerated, with very few adverse events. Acceptability was also high, with a mean dropout rate of 20%. Conclusions: Whilst the evidence of effectiveness for TFPT in reducing psychotic symptoms is weak, we found tentative evidence in favour of exposure‐based interventions. Methodologically rigorous trials investigating the efficacy of TFPT for the treatment of psychotic symptoms are needed to assess this promising intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a summary of a panel presentation Trauma and Trauma-Informed Care: Prostitution Diversion Programs, given at the Journal of Health Care Law and Policy's Spring 2023 Symposium, Uneasy Alignments: The Mental Health Turn in the American Legal System. The Article will introduce trauma and other trauma related concepts including PTSD, complex-trauma, and trauma-informed care and consider the challenges inherent in addressing trauma in a trauma- informed manner via prostitution diversion programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 1947 Partition was considered the most cataclysmic crisis in Indian history. Based on an arbitrary line drawn on a map, it was not merely the division of a nation into two parts, but the division of people and hearts. Further, it came along with dystopian instances of exodus, genocide, ethnic cleansing, and unfathomable communal violence committed by people on either side of the border. The victims of Partition were deeply scarred by the trauma of their uprooting and they did not find solace in their new homelands. Consequently, a new branch of literature emerged to serve as a testimony to the horrific experiences of the victims, their ordeal, and their longing for lost homes. This intensified the steam of mistrust among communities, which continued to blow the whistle of violence through several other catastrophic incidents. Naturally, even after seventy-five years, the question remains as to whether there is any resolution to this psychological unrest. Therefore, in this paper, I wish to explore the works of authors such as Manto, Amitav Ghosh, Prativa Basu, and others who attempted to find a way to vent their agony and resolve peace with their daunting memories through their writing. I further intend to put forth Derrida's concept of 'forgiveness' and seek how, only through mutual empathy and by forgiving the "unforgivable," the denouement for this forbidding tale can be reached and mental peace may be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last decade, a significant vector of Ukrainian literature was the reception of the traumatic stress caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war. The works of Kateryna Kalytko, representing intensive metamodern explorations in contemporary poetry, occupy a significant place in this trend. The article interprets the poet’s idiostyle based on the collection People with Verbs (2022). This study focuses on the analysis of folklore archetypes in the author’s poetry, motifs, and verbal structures, whose origins are rooted in ancient Ukrainian incantational traditions. It also covers the interpretation of the poet’s meditative experience with the magic of language, its role in strengthening the spiritual axiology of a person suffering from terrorist aggression, and the establishment of a stoical worldview despite the fragility of life. This article aims to establish the concept of ‘incantation’ as a unifying system within the metaphorical world of the poetry collection People with Verbs. The term ‘incantation’ is interpreted as the functioning of verbal constructions aimed at healing from trauma, and the composition of incantatory metaphorical texts, inspired by the belief in the magical power of words. The paper applies such methods as comparative, structural, semiotic, anthropological, and hermeneutical analysis, as well as elements of the psychological school of literary studies. The study proves the actualization of the sacred worldview pre-system in the artistic thinking of contemporary Ukrainian poets, as illustrated by Kateryna Kalytko’s collection People with Verbs. It focuses on the author’s reflections and meditations during the war, appeals to suggestive speech preserved by genetic memory, and the use of its structures as a form of defence and resistance. The binary time-spatial model of the poet is marked by the cult of night, which corresponds to the ritual and spiritual practice in the field of the mystical. Kateryna Kalytko intensively operates with pagan archetypes and signs, and resorts to the use of proper names, emphasizing that even their pronunciation has a protective energy. The figurative system of corporeality, which is in line with the tradition of incantations, is indicative of the poetics of the collection. It concerns the specific markings (eyes, head, lips, muscles, lungs, heart, spine, knees, joints, throat, intestines, entrails, veins, etc.) that are part of the metaphorical structures of the incantatory nature. There are parallels with the healing modus of folk spells, firstly, the poetess tries to stop the bloodshed and protect the defenders with her words. In the spirit of the ethnocultural tradition, Kateryna Kalytko endows certain lexical signs with the function of verbal amulets (earth, roots, river, boat, stones, wood, forest, house, fire, wind, bird, feather, beast, iron, ash, crystal, etc.) At the same time, the poet’s metaphor is an objectification of the extrasensory perception of the act of speaking. The focus of Kateryna Kalytko’s artistic studio is the articulatory apparatus, the miracle of the birth of sound and voice, as evidenced by a number of tropes, whose centre is the word “throat”. The poet also tries to comprehend the changes in phonetics, vocabulary, morphology, and stylistics caused by the war. Kateryna Kalytko’s poetic search is correlated with the philosophical interpretation of the phenomenon of language by M. Heidegger, H.-G. Gadamer, and K. Jasperas. For the author, in accordance with the realities of war, the well-known statement “language is home” is transformed into the metaphor “language is a shelter”. Thus, in Kateryna Kalytko’s idiostyle, one can guess the pathos of whisperers, fortune tellers, healers, and molfars who resist evil with words. At the same time, the image of the author-medium is complemented by the hypostases of a witness of the Russian-Ukrainian war and a philologist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analogies have been drawn between therapeutic recovery and decolonization. This will mean that one can interrogate psychological effects of trauma on cultures or nations that undergo or have undergone colonization. If decolonization is perceived a form of therapy, colonialism is adjudged potential trauma. This paper is interested in understanding how colonialism could potentially traumatize a nation or given culture. It equally explores decolonization as a form of therapy. It thus analyses the trauma of colonialism in Kunle Afolayan's October 1 (2014). No scholarly work has been done on the analysis of colonial trauma in Nollywood film texts. This might be as a result of the paucity of film texts that speak to the theme. This paper is therefore interested in understanding how Nollywood ace filmmaker, Kunle Afolayan, uses his October 1 as a metaphor to mirror the traumatic effect of colonialism on Nigeria as a nation. It explores how the film's major characters' relations to their traumatic pasts provide insight to Nigeria's social history. This study attempts to visualize in Afolayan's characters, a Nigeria traumatized by colonialism. It further envisions the possible paths to Nigeria's survival of colonial trauma in these characters' chosen paths to recovery. Using psychoanalysis as framework, this qualitative analysis explores decolonization as therapeutic and contributes to decolonization discourses in African film studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Major depressive episode (MDE) is a common clinical syndrome. It can be found in different pathologies such as major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or even occur in the context of psychological trauma. However, only 1 syndrome is described in international classifications (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition [DSM-5]/International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision [ICD-11]), which do not take into account the underlying pathology at the origin of the MDE. Clinical interviews are currently the best source of information to obtain the etiological diagnosis of MDE. Nevertheless, it does not allow an early diagnosis and there are no objective measures of extracted clinical information. To remedy this, the use of digital tools and their correlation with clinical symptomatology could be useful. Objective: We aimed to review the current application of digital tools for MDE diagnosis while highlighting shortcomings for further research. In addition, our work was focused on digital devices easy to use during clinical interview and mental health issues where depression is common. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of the use of digital tools during clinical interviews for MDE by searching papers published in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases since February 2010. The search was conducted from June to September 2021. Potentially relevant papers were then compared against a checklist for relevance and reviewed independently for inclusion, with focus on 4 allocated topics of (1) automated voice analysis, behavior analysis by (2) video and physiological measures, (3) heart rate variability (HRV), and (4) electrodermal activity (EDA). For this purpose, we were interested in 4 frequently found clinical conditions in which MDE can occur: (1) MDD, (2) BD, (3) PTSD, and (4) psychological trauma. Results: A total of 74 relevant papers on the subject were qualitatively analyzed and the information was synthesized. Thus, a digital phenotype of MDE seems to emerge consisting of modifications in speech features (namely, temporal, prosodic, spectral, source, and formants) and in speech content, modifications in nonverbal behavior (head, hand, body and eyes movement, facial expressivity, and gaze), and a decrease in physiological measurements (HRV and EDA). We not only found similarities but also differences when MDE occurs in MDD, BD, PTSD, or psychological trauma. However, comparative studies were rare in BD or PTSD conditions, which does not allow us to identify clear and distinct digital phenotypes. Conclusions: Our search identified markers from several modalities that hold promise for helping with a more objective diagnosis of MDE. To validate their potential, further longitudinal and prospective studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2022 was a year of crises, not just one but multiple intersecting crises that caused traumatic stress in billions of people worldwide. COVID-19 is still not over. New wars have started, and the climate change impact is bigger than ever. Will the Anthropocene be an era of continued crises? This past year the European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT) has again tried to contribute to how to prevent or treat the consequences of these major crises as well as other events and we will continue to do so the year to come. For instance, we will have special issues or collections addressing these big issues, such as climate change and traumatic stress, or early intervention after trauma or in times of conflict. In this editorial, we also present the past year's excellent journal metrics regarding reach, impact, and quality and the ESTSS EJPT award finalists for best paper of 2022 and look forward to 2023. 2022 was a year of multiple intersecting crises causing traumatic stress to billions of people around the world. European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT) aims to contribute to how to understand, prevent or treat the consequences of these major crises. EJPT's editorial team again achieved excellent journal metrics regarding reach, impact, and quality in 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines how Chinua Achebe's memoir There Was a Country and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's novel Half of a Yellow Sun, respectively, narrates and re-historicizes the Biafran War (1967-1970). More specifically, this article highlights the different ways in which each author questions the Nigerian Federal Government's countenancing or active supports of ethnic rivalry and marginalization in relation to the Eastern part of the country which is the major cause of the war as stipulated by both authors. While Achebe's book, his final one, is a memoir and Adichie's is a novel, their views on this and other aspects of the war have much in common, and this connection is only one of the many between the two Igbo-born authors. The present discussion also establishes the connection between Achebe's memoir on the Biafra war and Adichie's literary re-historizing of the Nigerian nation and the Biafra War. Paramount in both Achebe's and Adichie's treatment of this war is the foregrounding and condemnation of the human brutality that led and defined the war. This paper posits that war is not necessary for any form of correction or peace and should not be used as a measure to effect changes in any society. It rather causes psychological trauma for those involved, and those who witnessed it are left with horrifying reminiscences which are derived from trauma. The paper concludes that these can be avoided and war should be discouraged at all cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Psychotraumatology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The manner in which individuals worldwide shared art during the most challenging months of the COVID-19 pandemic stands as one of the most significant instances of creative social resistance in recent history. As a collective tool of resistance against emotional trauma, and as a means to foster a sense of community and well-being, the study of this phenomenon offers a compelling avenue for research into creativity and its social functions. This paper presents a descriptive case study of a successful 50-day collective experience within a neighborhood community in Madrid, Spain, during a period when the city, as a notably exceptional case study for research, bore one of the heaviest burdens of COVID-19 in the world. Data were gathered through in-depth personal interviews and direct observations. Applying a connected approach drawing on the fields of the Sociology of Art and Media Studies, three key findings emerge: (1) participants emphasized shared live artistic performances as the primary catalyst for fostering a sense of community, collective resilience, and overall well-being; (2) their sense of togetherness was further bolstered by digital and media support, as recordings of live performances were shared with loved ones living elsewhere, as well as with journalists and on social networks. This network of communication played a pivotal role in connecting individuals; (3) the combined efforts of both initiatives contributed to the development of a more positive individual and shared narrative surrounding the crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extensive research on traumatic life experiences reveals how healthy development can be derailed and brain architecture altered by excessive or prolonged activation of the body's stress response, impacting health, mental health, learning, behavior and relationships. Schools offer a unique environment to prevent and counter the impacts of childhood trauma. This study aimed to investigate empirical evidence for school-wide trauma-informed approaches that met at least two of the three essential elements of trauma-informed systems defined by SAMSHA (2014). SAMHSA's concept of trauma and guidance for a trauma-informed approach. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 14-4884. Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https://store.samhsa.gov/shin/content/SMA14-4884.pdf) and consider commonalities in approaches, drivers of change, challenges and learnings related to implementation, sustainability and outcomes for students. A systematic review searching foremost databases was conducted for evidence of trauma-informed school-wide approaches used between 2008 and 2019. Four papers were identified, incorporating four school-wide approaches, The Healthy Environments and Response to Trauma in Schools (HEARTS) Model; The Heart of Teaching and Learning (HTL): Compassion, Resiliency, and Academic Success Model; The New Haven Trauma Coalition (NHTC) and The Trust-Based Relational Intervention. Although heterogeneous, the models shared core elements of trauma-informed staff training, organization-level changes and practice change, with most models utilizing student trauma-screening. Generalizability of the findings was low given the small number of studies, the mix of mainstream and specialist schools and high risk of bias. Given the limitations of research in this emergent but rapidly accelerating field, future research is urgently required to understand the interaction between core elements of a trauma-informed approach, teaching pedagogy and organizational factors that support the embedding, use and transferability of school-wide approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In A Passage North, Anuk Arudpragasam invades the consciousness of the protagonist to reveal the subliminal enmeshed spaces of the personal and the political. The distance between the traumatic events of the Sri Lankan civil war and the alienated individual who has apparently remained aloof, is obliterated through the refracted memories that have embedded the subject in the matrix of his country's political history. The individual memory thus coalesces into the fabric of collective memory as the narrative unfolds. The concatenation of the traumatic realities and the sequestered psyche, untethers the individual from its ensconced private sphere and situates it within the macrocosmic and pervasive sociopolitical structure. The transmutation of subjectivity is attuned to the affective sites of collective trauma. The dichotomy of proximity and distance elucidated by the apprehensive reflections of the survivor is symptomatic of the subterranean intensities that elude corporeal presence and agency. The memories of the individual become resonant with the affective (un)lived experiences of traumatic violence, that deconstruct the tension of presence/absence, and consequently reconfigure the preconceived notions of subjectivity. The theoretical framework of this paper would foreground Michael Rothberg's conceptualization of the implicated subject, to limn the trajectory of identities who are indirectly implicated in traumatic legacies. This paper argues that the trauma of the genocidal war and its aftermath is transcribed into affective memories, that bear the potential to reconstitute identity by recognizing and transcending the state of implication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ANAFORA is the property of Anafora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Traumatic stress studies have recently addressed the issue of ‘historical trauma’ that well explain the impact of collective or totalitarian trauma. The example of former communist Eastern Europe shows that there are many individual and sociopsychological consequences that still have effects today. This paper summarizes concepts and findings on ‘historical traumas’ that describe such long-lasting effects. The focus is on the side of the victims and their family descendants and thus also on the moral heirs of the dissidents, e.g., the Russian NGO Memorial. Analogous to developments in psychotraumatology, increasing knowledge in this area can explain psychosocial pathologies but also help develop effective remedies. This includes the development of a culture of remembrance, sociotherapeutic interventions and increased sensitivity towards those patients and clients who have such a personal legacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: There is limited information available regarding the use of trauma modalities within the transgender and gender diverse community (TGD) to address gender-based trauma, including discrimination and invalidation, particularly for adolescents and young adults (AYA). The purpose of this paper is to describe a novel treatment approach to addressing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms within TGD AYA, inclusive of gender-based trauma. Methods: Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) was implemented as a brief intervention for TGD AYA who had a positive screening for PTSD symptomatology. Measures were used to assess PTSD symptoms, as well as changes in self-perceived resilience and positive well-being. Two case vignettes are provided to demonstrate the adaptations made to be responsive to the unique needs of TGD AYA for trauma processing. Results: Preliminary outcomes from two case studies indicate the strength of NET when working with TGD AYA who face multiple traumatic events and continue to experience invalidation. Conclusion: NET shows promise as an effective brief intervention to reduce PTSD symptomology and increase resiliency in TGD AYA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing body of research supports weight lifting as an effective adjunct intervention in the treatment of psychological trauma and trauma-related disorders. However, studies indicate that numerous barriers exist to participation in weight lifting, especially among populations disproportionately impacted by trauma. Trauma-informed care offers a paradigm for service delivery that aims to empower clients to access healing resources by attending to six domains of experience: safety, trustworthiness and transparency, peer support, collaboration and mutuality, empowerment, voice and choice, and cultural, historical, and gender issues. This mixed-methods study utilizes semi-structured, one-on-one interviews and surveys to inform the design of an evidence-based trauma-informed weight lifting program for trauma survivors. The contributions of this paper are twofold. First, the salient experiential categories for conceptualizing psychological healing in the gym environment are presented, informed by the lived experiences and recommendations of a national sample of trauma-impacted weight lifters. Second, based on the findings of this study, guidelines are proposed for the development of trauma-informed weight lifting programming that may be incorporated into the practice habits of personal trainers. The results of this study aid in the reduction in barriers that currently limit the adoption of weight lifting as an adjunct intervention for trauma and contribute to the professionalization of personal trainers in trauma-related competencies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous studies on the health and functioning of veterans and former prisoners of war have shown that the experience of war captivity is one of the most difficult human experiences. Captivity is often characterized by extremely difficult and inhumane conditions, as well as exposure to various forms of both psychological and physical abuse. Such traumatic experiences can lead to serious psychological consequences that can last for years, even decades after release from captivity. The aim of this paper is to present a brief overview of research that points to the specifics of wartime captivity and the long-term psychological consequences in veterans of former camp detainees, as well as the consequences suffered by their families and factors that, apart from the intensity of the trauma, contribute to the emergence and persistence of psychological disorders. From the presented research, it can be concluded that former prisoners of the camp represent an extremely vulnerable group of the social community and require long-term appropriate treatment, while the needs of veterans' families should not be neglected, with the necessity of including spouses and children in psychological and psychosocial treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) commonly affect children and adolescents and are associated with pain, disfigurement, and psychological trauma to the victim. Crown fractures are the most prevalent dental injuries in permanent dentition, comprising up to 76% of TDIs. Management of such injuries depends on several factors, including the extent and pattern of fracture, restorability of tooth, presence/absence of tooth fragment, esthetics, and prognosis. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) recommends fragment reattachment as the treatment of choice in crown fractures if the fragment is available. Case Report: This paper presents a series of cases of crown fractures that were managed by fragment reattachment using the IADT protocols. Two of them were complicated crown fractures that were endodontically treated, and one case was an uncomplicated crown fracture that was managed by indirect pulp therapy. The fragment reattachment method used in all the cases was simple reattachment. The cases had variable extraoral dry time ranging from few hours to few days. Two of the cases showed successful outcomes at 6 months and 1 at 12 months follow-up. Clinical Significance: The fragment reattachment is always shadowed by unpredictability with greater chances of dislodgment. However, the IADT protocols and attention to the critical aspects such as rehydration, materials, and clinical conditions can result in successful outcomes as demonstrated in this case series. It is a great service to the injured child where pediatric dentists are able to re-attach a lost body tissue and restore victim's self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an in-depth analysis and study of the role of piano performance in alleviating psychological trauma in people with psychological isolation disorder. In this paper, we designed a music modulation system based on EEG signals of people with isolation disorder and designed an interface with real-time emotion recognition. MATLAB is responsible for data processing and classification, while Python is responsible for communication and real-time transmission between modules, EEG signal collection, and processing. For the EEG signals in the DEAP emotion database, a Butterworth bandpass filter is used to denoise the signals, and then, a wavelet packet decomposition reconstruction is used to remove the artifacts and complete the preprocessing of the signals. Finally, the support vector machine with optimized parameters of the genetic algorithm was used to classify the positive, neutral, and negative samples with 89.23% accuracy. In this study, all subjects were divided into experimental and control groups by experimentally measuring the changes in heart rate, skin electrical conduction, skin temperature, and EEG signals before and after the experimental group, and statistical analysis was also performed on the data tabulation of the experimental and control groups. The experimental results proved that piano playing has a significant effect on relieving the psychological trauma of people with psychological isolation disorder when the training frequency of piano playing therapy reaches a certain intensity. This study provides a certain theoretical basis for clinical, educational, and health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trauma-informed care is a transdisciplinary framework that existed well before 2020, but it is now more imperative to teach it and incorporate it into medical education. This paper describes a novel interprofessional curriculum and its focus on trauma-informed care—notably, including institutional and racial trauma—that was implemented by Yale University for medical, physician associate, and advanced practice registered nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The pathogenic role of trauma in psychotic-like experiences has yet to be clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of childhood and adulthood trauma on erroneous thoughts among patients with major depressive disorder. Materials and Methods: Inpatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled, and paper-and-pencil questionnaires were applied. Clinical rating and self-reported scales were used to measure levels of depression, dissociation, psychological trauma, parental maltreatment, and erroneous thoughts. Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted to explore potentially significant associations between erroneous thoughts and other independent variables, and standardized regression coefficients of hierarchical regression analysis were used to predict the significant relationships between erroneous thoughts and adulthood or childhood trauma. Results: A total of 99 participants were included into the analysis, of whom 59 were patients with MDD and 40 were HCs. After treatment, the patients with MDD showed significantly higher levels of depression, childhood maltreatment, interpersonal trauma and erroneous thoughts than the HCs. After estimating and verifying correlations with hierarchical regression among the patients with MDD, a link between adulthood betrayal trauma and higher level of conviction along with the number of erroneous thoughts was found. However, no significant association was identified between childhood trauma and erroneous thought. The concurrent level of depression significantly predicted a higher level of being preoccupied, along with the number of erroneous thoughts. Conclusion: The current study fills a gap in the literature by showing a link between adulthood trauma and erroneous thoughts in non-psychotic patients. Further studies with well-controlled comparisons and prospective cohort with longer follow-up are warranted to extend the applicability and generalizability of the current study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oppression refers to systemic discrimination where the injustice targets or disproportionately impacts specific groups of people. The Trauma Symptoms of Discrimination Scale (TSDS) is a self-report measure designed to assess the traumatizing impact of discrimination broadly by measuring anxiety-related symptoms of trauma due to discriminatory experiences. This may include symptoms arising from racism, homophobia, sexism, poverty, or other forms of marginalization. Almost all studies of the TSDS have examined its use in marginalized ethnoracial groups, primarily African Americans. This paper will extend prior work to help us better understand racial trauma across groups by reporting and comparing TSDS mean scores across ethnoracial identities in a diverse national sample (n = 923). It also explores trauma with other marginalized identities and demographic dimensions, including gender, sexual minority/LGBQ status, education, and income. The relationship of TSDS scores to clinical psychopathologies are examined, including stress, depression, anxiety, and PTSD. We also examine the unique risks associated with intersectionality, and how having multiple marginalized identities may increase traumatization. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relatively new method of autoethnography as valid research is used in this paper. The method combines a personal and introspective approach with the academic research method. By reflecting on her experience of psychosis, the first author (LF) attempts to show how psychotic symptoms, such as delusions or paranoid perceptions, have a symbolic meaning and could relate to previous traumatic experiences. She uses Winnicott's concept of the 'true' and the 'false' self and applies it to psychotic illness. Using auto-ethnographic details of her experiences, she indicates how trauma, and associated falsification of its understanding, led to distortion, i.e., a false reality, a symptom typically associated with psychosis. A brief comparison is then made of her experience to two other published auto-biographical cases. In light of this self-analysis and careful reading of key psychoanalytic texts, the author explores and explains what, in her experience, may lead people to act in a manner not typical of their true being and how this might explain the rare dangerous behaviour that can occur in some psychotic cases. The understanding of psychosis as 'madness' (i.e., to be without reason) is revealed to be due to lack of understanding of its possible underlying causes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Witchcraft and witch-hunt cases are frequently reported in the news media from Assam, India. Most often, women are the victims of witch-hunts in this region. They identify a witch based on suspicion without any evidence of harm being done. Upon identification as a witch by a mibo (a ritual specialist), they are subjected to severe punishments such as physical abuse, humiliation, social boycott, and even death. In several cases, the witch-hunt victims go through severe psychological trauma from which they could never recover. There is no social support mechanism as the community disowns them. In this context, the present study inquires into the belief system of the Mising society of Assam and the role of witchcraft. It further explores the accusations causing the witch-hunt and the implications on the witch-hunt survivors from a feminist perspective. In doing so, the paper analyses the power struggle in the Mising community and its operation in stigmatising women and making them the victims of violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors convey their concerns on providing health care to people living in conflict-affected areas. Topics covered include accountability to affected populations as defined by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee, the need for operational guidance on the provision of trauma care in conflict settings, and the need for immediate evacuation from the location of injury to the care facility.

Sex work and substance abuse have been independently observed to compound the dangers of risky sexual behaviors, with the combined abuse of substance and sex work further protracting the dangers of risky sexual behaviors. Substances are regarded as inhibitors of consistence and correct condom use and are associated with multiple sexual partners. Substance abuse among sex workers is generally high because of the risky environments and the need to deal with psychological trauma of sex work. This paper explores the risky sexual behaviors among substance abusing sex workers in Musina Border Town of Limpopo Province, South Africa. A qualitative research approach was used, with ten participants interviewed. Sex workers by virtue of their work have multiple sex partners and the dangers of sexual partners are made worse by abusing substances which results in inconsistent use of protection, multiple sexual partners, anal and oral sex, sexual violence, etc. The paper concludes by arguing that there should be a comprehensive awareness programs on the risks of substance abuse and sex work, a harm reduction framework should be developed to minimize the risks and sex work should be legalized to protect sex workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term racial trauma is used to describe the cumulative distressing and traumatizing effects of racism in all of its forms, and it closely resembles the construct of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This investigation aims to increase our understanding of racial trauma by comparing the characteristics of those with a clinically-relevant diagnosis of racial trauma to those without, based on the findings of a clinical semi-structured interview and symptom checklist for assessing racial trauma, the University of Connecticut Racial Ethnic Stress and Trauma Survey (UnRESTS), administered to a diverse group of adults (N = 97). This paper extends prior work on racial trauma by examining the correlations between racial trauma and validated self-report measures of discriminatory distress, controlling for racialization. We examine the correlation between a clinically-relevant diagnosis of racial trauma and racial/ethnic identity. We also compare racism-related PTSD symptoms in those with and without racial trauma to inform clinical assessment. Finally, we examine the factor structure of racial trauma symptoms using the 24 items from the UnRESTS PTSD symptom checklist and compare these to current DSM-5 models. The structure of racial trauma symptoms differed from the DSM-5 4-factor model, as do other PTSD models in the research literature. Clinical and research implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, a large proportion of birthing mothers, and a to a lesser extent their partners, experience birth trauma each year, and yet access to adequate post-natal trauma support is rarely available. Untreated birth trauma has been shown to negatively impact the family in terms of the parents' relationship with one another, and long-term negative consequences for the child. Despite a drive towards integrating mental health support into maternity services and a call to provide mental health support for couples rather than solely the birthing mother, there is little research exploring what birthing couples find helpful in recovery from birth trauma. The current research interviewed six couples using an Interpretative Phenomenological Approach in order to explore their understanding of what supported their recovery from birth trauma. Four themes were identified: 'We need validation', 'Feeling paper thin', 'This is a system failure' and 'Birth trauma is always going to be a part of you'. The data describes an understanding of parents' feelings of vulnerability and loss of trust in services to provide support following birth trauma. Further, parents' need for validation and repositioning of control away from healthcare professionals when considering the availability and knowledge of the support options available is discussed. Clinical implications for supporting parents following birth trauma are explored, including an identified need for trauma informed care communication training for all healthcare professionals involved in maternity care, and the requirement for sources of therapeutic support external from the parent dyad in order to maintain the couples' interpersonal relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mahesh Dattani's play Thirty Days in September highlights the issue of child sexual abuse and its post traumatic effect on female body and psyche. This paper highlights the issue of incest and the consequent trauma due to child sexual abuse. The paper analyse the play as a case study to understand the psychological perspective of trauma due to sexual abuse. Drama reflects life and this play brings such serious topic in the form of stage performance in itself is commendable. The play also questions and highlights the stigma that is associated with victim instead of perpetrator. This paper evaluates all these issues to discuss the play as Trauma Narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Psychological trauma is a significant risk factor for physical and mental health development distortion. This paper presents the results of longitudinal epidemiological surveys and naturalistic observations. It also reviews the results of the most important neurobiological findings in the field of impact of early life trauma on cognitive and emotional development, and the structure and functions of the brain. Views: Trauma is defined as subjective experiences that overwhelm a person's ability to maintain psychophysical integrity. During the stage of neurodevelopment, various life adversities, such as emotional and sensory deprivation, abandonment and neglect by caregivers as well as physical or emotional violence and sexual abuse overwhelm the physiological and mental capacity of a child and impact their cognitive, emotional and social development, adversely influencing adulthood functioning. Symptoms of abused children can evolve and change with time, from moderate signs of distress to more complex symptoms and organized disorders. The most important longitudinal studies, such as the Lives Across Time Study, Minnesota Study, Adverse Childhood Experiences Study, The Great Smoky Mountains Study, and the English and Romanian Adoptee Study are discussed in the paper. The lifelong influences of early adversities on brain structures like the corpus callosum, hippocampus, the amygdaloid nuclei, ventral striatum and cerebral cortex has been described. The variability of the sensitivity of specific brain regions, based on different rates of maturation, has also been discussed. Conclusions: This review integrates and summarizes the basic knowledge about the impact and neurobiological consequences of early traumatic adversities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to research the psychological trauma of a person who has experienced extreme events and gained psychotraumatic experience. Modern humanities understand the problem of injury in several aspects. One of the topical issues is the representation of psychotraumatic events through the involvement of aesthetic experience. The relevance of this paper is due to the fact that an important component of safe human life is to solve problems related to experiencing mental trauma and healing a person from it. The leading research method was the method of analysis of research sources. Also, in the research, the authors used the method of synthesis, observation, modeling. To describe the narrative of psychological trauma, the authors set out the theoretical foundations of the toolkit. The authors' view on the negative consequences of the traumas of war in their further psychological, physiological, and social development was presented. The main ways of reflecting individual and collective traumas were also analyzed, and artistic strategies of detraumatization were pointed out. As a result of the study, generalized conclusions were formed about the role of narrative practices in the formation of the historical and individual experiences of overcoming psychological trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Translation and application of current complex trauma knowledge for high-risk groups such as the homeless is needed. Existing research in this area has been limited by lack of a cohesive theoretical framework that captures the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of complex trauma within the context of ecological vulnerability (e.g. homelessness). This paper aims to address these gaps by proposing an integrated resources perspective framework situating Layne and colleagues' (Layne et al. 2009, 2010) concept of 'risk factor caravans' as central focus. We demonstrate how the 'risk factor caravan' representation captures current theoretical and clinical insights into the pervasive and enduring consequences of complex trauma exposure. Personal resources are highlighted as key for understanding resource loss and gain in the current context. Longitudinal person-centered approaches as integral methodological considerations for future application of this proposed framework are examined. Implications for reducing barriers to access of available support services are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work aims to study the main features of quilling technology in art therapy, as well as its impact on group and individual consciousness. The study's methodological approach was the search and theoretical analysis of thematic literature studying the quilling technique of art therapy, as well as art therapy in general. In this article, the theoretical method, the method of comparative analysis, as well as the method of pedagogical experiment were used. As a result of the scientific research, the technology of art therapy as such was analysed, and its components and influence on children and adults were studied. Also, after performing a pedagogical experiment, the influence of quilling technology on students of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University was studied, and the results were analysed. According to the results of the pedagogical experiment, quilling art has a positive effect on individuals, as well as on the general mood of the group, and the use of the quilling technique as an art-therapeutic tool brings positive changes to the psychosomatics of an individual and a group in general. This research work is of practical importance in the study of the art of quilling as an art-therapeutic method in the development of fine motor skills in the hands of adults and children, as well as the improvement of the psychological state after psychological traumas of various kinds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents three case studies of patients that a child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) have supported and its purpose is to encourage discussion of two key learning points. The first of these is the utility of developmental trauma as an approach for children with mental health presentations. The second centres on the importance of multi-agency working when working with young people, principally those within the UK's local authority care system ('looked after children'), who have had traumatic experiences in order to enhance positive outcomes. We also want to encourage consideration of the implications of developmental trauma for current core CAMHS therapeutic models in an attempt to reach beyond the often held narrative that the trauma formulation implies there is 'just trauma, no mental illness'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This international online survey investigated the experience and impact of emotional blunting in the acute and remission phases of depression from the perspective of patients and healthcare providers (HCPs). This paper presents data on the history and severity of psychological trauma and its potential impact on emotional blunting in major depressive disorder (MDD); differences between patient and HCP perceptions are explored. Methods: Patient respondents (n = 752) were adults with a diagnosis of depression who were currently taking antidepressant therapy and reported emotional blunting during the past 6 weeks. HCPs provided details on two eligible patients: one in the acute phase of depression and one in remission from depression (n = 766). Trauma was assessed using questions based on the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; emotional blunting was assessed using the Oxford Depression Questionnaire (ODQ). Multivariate regression analyses were applied to examine the relationship between trauma and ODQ score. Results: A history of any childhood or recent traumatic event was reported by 97% of patients in the self-assessed cohort and for 83% of those in the HCP-assessed cohort (difference, p < 0.01). Patients were more likely than HCPs to feel that this trauma had contributed to their/the patient's depression (58% vs 43%, respectively; p < 0.01) and that the depression was more severe because of trauma (70% vs 61%, respectively; p < 0.01). Emotional blunting was significantly worse in patients who reported severe trauma than in those who had not experienced severe trauma (mean total ODQ score, 90.1 vs 83.9, respectively; p < 0.01). In multivariate regression analyses, experiencing both severe childhood and recent trauma had a statistically significant impact on ODQ total score (p = 0.001). Conclusions: A high proportion of patients with depression and emotional blunting self-reported exposure to childhood and/or recent traumatic events, and emotional blunting was more severe in patients who reported having experienced severe trauma. However, history of psychological trauma in patients with MDD appeared to be under-recognized by HCPs. Improved recognition of patients who have experienced psychological trauma and are experiencing emotional blunting may permit more targeted therapeutic interventions, potentially resulting in improved treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]