320 results on '"Cardoso, Susana M."'
Search Results
2. Dicoumarol: from chemistry to antitumor benefits
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Silva, Vera L. M., Silva-Reis, Rita, Moreira-Pais, Alexandra, Ferreira, Tiago, Oliveira, Paula A., Ferreira, Rita, Cardoso, Susana M., Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Butnariu, Monica, Costea, Maria Alina, and Grozea, Ioana
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- 2022
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3. Fucus vesiculosus -Rich Extracts as Potential Functional Food Ingredients: A Holistic Extraction Approach.
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Circuncisão, Ana R., Ferreira, Sónia S., Silva, Artur M. S., Coimbra, Manuel A., and Cardoso, Susana M.
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FUCUS vesiculosus ,ETHANOL ,ALGINATES ,HOT water ,NUTRITIONAL value ,WATER use ,FUNCTIONAL foods - Abstract
Brown macroalgae are rich sources of nutrients and health-promoting compounds. Nevertheless, their consumption is still limited by their strong organoleptic characteristics, thus requiring the development of extraction strategies to profit from their nutritional value. To fulfil this, two sequential extraction approaches were developed, differing in the solvent used in the first extraction step, water in approach 1 or food-grade ethanol in approach 2, to obtain economic and affordable extracts rich in specific compounds from Fucus vesiculosus. The use of water in the first step of extraction allowed us to recover water-soluble phlorotannins, laminarans and mannuronic-rich alginates, making the subsequent 70% ethanol extract richest in fucoxanthin (0.07% algae DW), and the hot water fractions purest in fucoidans and alginates with a lower mannuronic-to-guluronic (M/G) ratio (2.91). Conversely, when beginning extraction procedures with 96% ethanol, the recovered yields of phlorotannins increased (0.43 g PGE/100 g algae DW), but there was a concomitant seven-fold decrease in the recovery of fucoxanthin in the subsequent 70% ethanol extract. This approach also led to less pure hot water fractions containing fucoidans, laminarans and alginates with a higher M/G ratio (5.50). Overall, this work unveiled the potential of the first extraction steps in sustainable and holistic cascade strategies to modulate the composition of food-grade extracts, creating prospects of their application as tailored functional ingredients in food products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Chitosan nanoparticles as a promising tool in nanomedicine with particular emphasis on oncological treatment
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Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Quispe, Cristina, Butnariu, Monica, Rotariu, Lia Sanda, Sytar, Oksana, Sestito, Simona, Rapposelli, Simona, Akram, Muhammad, Iqbal, Mehwish, Krishna, Akash, Kumar, Nanjangud Venkatesh Anil, Braga, Susana S., Cardoso, Susana M., Jafernik, Karolina, Ekiert, Halina, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Szopa, Agnieszka, Villagran, Marcelo, Mardones, Lorena, Martorell, Miquel, Docea, Anca Oana, and Calina, Daniela
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- 2021
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5. Infusion from Opuntia ficus-indica Peels: The Effects of Drying and Steeping Conditions.
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Ferreira, Ricardo M., Wessel, Dulcineia F., Silva, Artur M. S., Saraiva, Jorge A., and Cardoso, Susana M.
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OPUNTIA ficus-indica ,OPUNTIA ,MICROWAVE drying ,FOOD dehydration ,PHENOLS - Abstract
The escalating production of processed prickly pear products has led to a substantial rise in waste materials, particularly peel, which is rich in bioactive chemicals and holds the potential for value-added product development. However, the high perishability of these peels imposes effective preservation techniques. So, this work aimed to explore the potential of prickly pear peels from O. ficus-indica 'Rossa', 'Gialla', and 'Bianca' cultivars for the production of Opuntia beverages, namely infusions. To achieve this goal, two distinct drying methods, namely microwave drying and a food dehydrator, were employed with the latter method, resulting in the higher recovery of phenolic compounds (0.5 mg
GAE /mL vs. 0.16 mgGAE /mL) and the higher antioxidant capacity of the resulting infusions. Additionally, various steeping conditions involving water temperatures of 80, 90, and 100 °C were assessed to maximize the levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The results demonstrate that the better overall drying method temperature and steeping conditions for the food dehydrator were at 35 °C and boiling water (100 °C) due to its generally better results and practicality. Sensorial trials revealed that the three infusions were generally accepted (score > 7.20 out of 9) but that O. ficus-indica 'Rossa' received the highest ratings. This study offers valuable insights for optimizing drying methods and steeping conditions to preserve and enhance the bioactive compounds and antioxidant potential in prickly pear peel infusions, promoting their sustainable utilization as functional ingredients in food and nutraceutical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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6. Insights on Juniperus phoenicea Essential Oil as Potential Anti-Proliferative, Anti-Tyrosinase, and Antioxidant Candidate.
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Mansour, Rim Ben, Wasli, Hanen, Bourgou, Soumaya, Khamessi, Saber, Ksouri, Riadh, Megdiche-Ksouri, Wided, and Cardoso, Susana M.
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ESSENTIAL oils ,JUNIPERS ,MELANOGENESIS ,COLON cancer ,PHENOL oxidase ,ANTIOXIDANTS - Abstract
In this study, the anti-cancer, anti-tyrosinase, and antioxidant activities of essential oils (EOs) of berries and leaves of Juniperus phoenicea grown wild in North of Tunisia were investigated. The EO yields from leaves and berries were 1.69% and 0.45%, respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed that α-pinene is the predominant component in both EOs (44.17 and 83.56%, respectively). Leaves essential oil presented high levels of β-phellandrene (18%) and camphene (15%). The EOs displayed cytotoxic effects against MCF-7 breast cancer cell, HT-29 colon cancer, and the normal cells H9C2 cardiomyoblasts. Leaves oil strongly inhibited colon cell line proliferation (IC
50 of 38 µg/mL), while berries essential oil was more potent against breast cancerous cells MCF-7 (IC50 of 60 µg/mL). Interestingly, berries essential oil exhibited high ability to inhibit melanin synthesis by inhibiting enzyme mono and diphenolase activities. Overall, the results suggested that the two oils are significant sources of healthy natural chemicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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7. Norlobaridone Inhibits Quorum Sensing-Dependent Biofilm Formation and Some Virulence Factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Disrupting Its Transcriptional Activator Protein LasR Dimerization.
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Soltane, Raya, Alasiri, Ahlam, Taha, Mostafa N., Abd El-Aleam, Rehab H., Alghamdi, Kawthar Saad, Ghareeb, Mosad A., Keshek, Doaa El-Ghareeb, Cardoso, Susana M., and Sayed, Ahmed M.
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PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa ,QUATERNARY structure ,BIOFILMS ,QUORUM sensing ,DIMERIZATION ,MOLECULAR dynamics - Abstract
In the present study, norlobaridone (NBD) was isolated from Parmotrema and then evaluated as a new potent quorum sensing (QS) inhibitor against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development. This phenolic natural product was found to reduce P. aeruginosa biofilm formation (64.6% inhibition) and its related virulence factors, such as pyocyanin and rhamnolipids (% inhibition = 61.1% and 55%, respectively). In vitro assays inhibitory effects against a number of known LuxR-type receptors revealed that NBD was able to specifically block P. aeruginosa's LasR in a dose-dependent manner. Further molecular studies (e.g., sedimentation velocity and thermal shift assays) demonstrated that NBD destabilized LasR upon binding and damaged its functional quaternary structure (i.e., the functional dimeric form). The use of modelling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations also allowed us to further understand its interaction with LasR, and how this can disrupt its dimeric form. Finally, our findings show that NBD is a powerful and specific LasR antagonist that should be widely employed as a chemical probe in QS of P. aeruginosa, providing new insights into LasR antagonism processes. The new discoveries shed light on the mysterious world of LuxR-type QS in this key opportunistic pathogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. Characterization of phenolic constituents and evaluation of antioxidant properties of leaves and stems of Eriocephalus africanus
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Catarino, Marcelo D., Silva, Artur M.S., Saraiva, Susana C., Sobral, Abilio J.F.N., and Cardoso, Susana M.
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- 2018
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9. Comparative Methods to Evaluate the Antioxidant Capacity of Propolis: An Attempt to Explain the Differences.
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Paula, Vanessa B., Estevinho, Letícia M., Cardoso, Susana M., and Dias, Luís G.
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PROPOLIS ,OXIDANT status ,HYDROXYCINNAMIC acids ,CAFFEIC acid ,COMPARATIVE method ,HYDROXYBENZOIC acid ,PHENOLS ,BEE products - Abstract
Propolis is a natural product produced by bees that contains a complex mixture of compounds, including phenolic compounds and flavonoids. These compounds contribute to its biological activities, such as antioxidant capacity. This study analysed the pollen profile, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant properties, and phenolic compound profile of four propolis samples from Portugal. The total phenolic compounds in the samples were determined by six different techniques: four different Folin–Ciocalteu (F-C) methods, spectrophotometry (SPECT), and voltammetry (SWV). Of the six methods, SPECT allowed the highest quantification, while SWV achieved the lowest. The mean TPC values for these methods were 422 ± 98 and 47 ± 11 mg GAE/g sample, respectively. Antioxidant capacity was determined by four different methods: DPPH, FRAP, original ferrocyanide (OFec), and modified ferrocyanide (MFec). The MFec method gave the highest antioxidant capacity for all samples, followed by the DPPH method. The study also investigated the correlation between TPC and antioxidant capacity with the presence of hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA), and flavonoids (FLAV) in propolis samples. The results showed that the concentrations of specific compounds in propolis samples can significantly impact their antioxidant capacity and TPC quantification. Analysis of the profile of phenolic compounds by the UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS technique identified chrysin, caffeic acid isoprenyl ester, pinocembrin, galangin, pinobanksin-3-O-acetate, and caffeic acid phenyl ester as the major compounds in the four propolis samples. In conclusion, this study shows the importance of the choice of method for determining TPC and antioxidant activity in samples and the contribution of HBA and HCA content to their quantification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. Impact of Fermentation and Pasteurization on the Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Composition of Opuntia ficus-indica Juices.
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Ferreira, Ricardo M., Costa, Adriana M., Pinto, Carlos A., Silva, Artur M. S., Saraiva, Jorge A., and Cardoso, Susana M.
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OPUNTIA ficus-indica ,OPUNTIA ,FOOD pasteurization ,FERMENTATION ,FERMENTED beverages ,OXIDANT status - Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica fruits are a source of valuable compounds, presenting a high nutritional value and several health benefits. However, due to its low shelf life and increased production, there are considerable post-harvest losses of this cactus fruit. So, ways need to be found to drain the increased production of this fruit that is being wasted. The chemical composition of prickly pear makes it an appealing substrate for fermentation. This study investigates the production of fermented beverages produced from Opuntia ficus-indica cv 'Rossa' and evaluates the effects of different fermentation times (18 and 42 h) and post-fermentation pasteurization by high-pressure (500 MPa for 10 min) and temperature (71.1 °C for 30 s) on the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of the produced beverages. According to the results, the beverage produced from 48 h of fermentation has an alcohol content value of 4.90 ± 0.08% (v/v) and a pH of 3.91 ± 0.03. These values contribute to an extended shelf life and improved organoleptic characteristics compared to the sample fermented for 18 h. Additionally, the longer fermentation resulted in 50% fewer total soluble solids, 90% less turbidity, and lower pH when compared to the sample fermented for 18 h. Moreover, overall, high-pressure processing demonstrates better retention of "fresh-like" characteristics, along with higher levels of phytochemical compounds and antioxidant capacity, similar to those observed in the juice for SO
• - and NO• -scavenging abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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11. A Comparative Analysis between the Phenolic Content, Key Enzyme Inhibitory Potential, and Cytotoxic Activity of Arum italicum Miller in Two Different Organs.
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Rechek, Habiba, Haouat, Ammar, Pinto, Diana C. G. A., Pereira, David M., Pereira, Renato B., Válega, Mónica S. G. A., Cardoso, Susana M., and Silva, Artur M. S.
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NEOLIGNANS ,AMORPHOPHALLUS ,STOMACH cancer ,CELL morphology ,COMPARATIVE studies ,MASS spectrometers ,FLAVONOID glycosides ,LIGNANS - Abstract
The present study assessed two different plant parts (leaves and tubers) of Arum italicum species growing in Northeast Algeria for their phytochemical composition and pharmacological effects. The phytochemical content was determined using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DADESI/MS). The results revealed that the tuber extract was rich in lignans with a fraxiresinol glycoside as the major compound. In contrast, the leaf extract was rich in flavonoid glycosides, described for the first time in the aerial part of this species. The extract’s inhibitory activity against key enzymes was linked to hyperglycemia, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase, and their ability to inhibit the growth of human gastric carcinoma (AGS) and lung carcinoma (A549) cancer cell lines was also assessed. A cell line morphology study was also conducted with the most effective extract. The chromatin status of the cells was evaluated using DAPI, while the cytoplasmic morphology was evaluated using phalloidin. The tuber extract generally inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes more efficiently than the leaf extract. Its inhibition effect against the α-glucosidase was significantly higher when compared to the standard acarbose. The tuber extract also caused more viability loss of AGS and A549 cancer cells than the leaf extract in the cytotoxicity assay. In conclusion, our findings show that, compared to the leaf extract, the tuber extract exhibited more pronounced biological effects. The strong inhibitory potential of the tuber extract against the α-glucosidase enzyme should also be highlighted, which suggests it is a good candidate for discovering new antidiabetic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. Antitumor Effects of Cannabis sativa Bioactive Compounds on Colorectal Carcinogenesis.
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Silva-Reis, Rita, Silva, Artur M. S., Oliveira, Paula A., and Cardoso, Susana M.
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CANNABIS (Genus) ,BIOACTIVE compounds ,TERPENES ,CANNABINOID receptors ,CARCINOGENESIS ,CANNABINOIDS ,LIMONENE ,MYRCENE - Abstract
Cannabis sativa is a multipurpose plant that has been used in medicine for centuries. Recently, considerable research has focused on the bioactive compounds of this plant, particularly cannabinoids and terpenes. Among other properties, these compounds exhibit antitumor effects in several cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Cannabinoids show positive effects in the treatment of CRC by inducing apoptosis, proliferation, metastasis, inflammation, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and autophagy. Terpenes, such as β-caryophyllene, limonene, and myrcene, have also been reported to have potential antitumor effects on CRC through the induction of apoptosis, the inhibition of cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. In addition, synergy effects between cannabinoids and terpenes are believed to be important factors in the treatment of CRC. This review focuses on the current knowledge about the potential of cannabinoids and terpenoids from C. sativa to serve as bioactive agents for the treatment of CRC while evidencing the need for further research to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action and the safety of these compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. The Impact of Resveratrol-Enriched Bread on Cardiac Remodeling in a Preclinical Model of Diabetes.
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Silva, Andreia F. R., Silva-Reis, Rita, Ferreira, Rita, Oliveira, Paula A., Faustino-Rocha, Ana I., Pinto, Maria de Lurdes, Coimbra, Manuel A., Silva, Artur M. S., and Cardoso, Susana M.
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BREAD ,SPRAGUE Dawley rats ,ANIMAL models in research ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,METABOLIC disorders ,DIABETES - Abstract
The World Health Organization aims to stop the rise of diabetes by 2025, and diet is one of the most efficient non-pharmacological strategies used to prevent it. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural compound with anti-diabetic properties, and incorporating it into bread is a suitable way to make it more accessible to consumers as it can be included as part of their daily diet. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of RSV-enriched bread in preventing early type 2 diabetes cardiomyopathy in vivo. Male Sprague Dawley rats (3 weeks old) were divided into four groups: controls with plain bread (CB) and RSV bread (CBR), and diabetics with plain bread (DB) and RSV bread (DBR). Type 2 diabetes was induced by adding fructose to the drinking water for two weeks followed by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg). Then, plain bread and RSV bread (10 mg RSV/kg body weight) were included in the rats' diet for four weeks. Cardiac function, anthropometric, and systemic biochemical parameters were monitored, as well as the histology of the heart and molecular markers of regeneration, metabolism, and oxidative stress. Data showed that an RSV bread diet decreased the polydipsia and body weight loss observed in the early stages of the disease. At the cardiac level, an RSV bread diet diminished fibrosis but did not counteract the dysfunction and metabolic changes seen in fructose-fed STZ-injected rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. Studying and Analyzing Humane Endpoints in the Fructose-Fed and Streptozotocin-Injected Rat Model of Diabetes.
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Silva-Reis, Rita, Faustino-Rocha, Ana I., Silva, Jéssica, Valada, Abigaël, Azevedo, Tiago, Anjos, Lara, Gonçalves, Lio, Pinto, Maria de Lurdes, Ferreira, Rita, Silva, Artur M. S., Cardoso, Susana M., and Oliveira, Paula A.
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FRUCTOSE ,ANIMAL models of diabetes ,ANIMAL disease models ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,ANIMAL tracks ,BLOOD sugar - Abstract
Simple Summary: This study assessed a humane endpoint scoring system to detect animal suffering in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into control and induced (fructose-fed and streptozotocin (STZ) administration) groups. Induced animals drank 10% fructose for 14 days, then received STZ (40 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Weekly monitoring of body weight, water, and food consumption, 14 parameters of animal welfare, and blood glucose levels were conducted. Results showed weight loss, polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia, as well as lack of grooming, narrowing of the orbital area, curved posture, liquid/pasty diarrhea, and abdominal distension. The most useful parameters to evaluate humane endpoints in this type 2 diabetes rat induction model were dehydration, absence of grooming, the posture of the animals, abdominal visualization and palpation, and fecal appearance. The glycemia was significantly higher in the induced group, validating the animal model of diabetes. The humane endpoints table was suitable for monitoring animal welfare. This work aimed to define a humane endpoint scoring system able to objectively identify signs of animal suffering in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into control and induced group. The induced animals drink a 10% fructose solution for 14 days. Then, received an administration of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg). Animals' body weight, water and food consumption were recorded weekly. To evaluate animal welfare, a score sheet with 14 parameters was employed. Blood glucose levels were measured at three time points. After seven weeks of initiating the protocol, the rats were euthanized. The induced animals showed weight loss, polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia. According to our humane endpoints table, changes in animal welfare became noticeable after the STZ administration. None of the animals hit the critical score limit (four). Data showed that the most effective parameters to assess welfare in this type 2 diabetes rat induction model were dehydration, grooming, posture, abdominal visualization, and stool appearance. The glycemia was significantly higher in the induced group when compared to the controls (p < 0.01). Induced animals' murinometric and nutritional parameters were significantly lower than the controls (p < 0.01). Our findings suggest that in this rat model of type 2 diabetes with STZ-induced following fructose consumption, our list of humane endpoints is suitable for monitoring the animals' welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Phenolic Compounds Contribution to Portuguese Propolis Anti-Melanoma Activity.
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Caetano, Ana Rita, Oliveira, Rafaela Dias, Celeiro, Sónia Pires, Freitas, Ana Sofia, Cardoso, Susana M., Gonçalves, M. Sameiro T., Baltazar, Fátima, and Almeida-Aguiar, Cristina
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PROPOLIS ,PHENOLS ,DACARBAZINE ,DRUG discovery ,NATURAL products ,BEE products ,BUTANOL - Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer, with about 61,000 deaths annually worldwide. Late diagnosis increases mortality rates due to melanoma's capacity to metastasise rapidly and patients' resistance to the available conventional therapies. Consequently, the interest in natural products as a strategy for drug discovery has been emerging. Propolis, a natural product produced by bees, has several biological properties, including anticancer effects. Propolis from Gerês is one of the most studied Portuguese propolis. Our group has previously demonstrated that an ethanol extract of Gerês propolis collected in 2018 (G18.EE) and its fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) decrease melanoma cell viability. Out of all the fractions, G18.EE-n-BuOH showed the highest potential as a melanoma pharmacological therapy. Thus, in this work, G18.EE-n-BuOH was fractioned into 17 subfractions whose effect was evaluated in A375 BRAF-mutated melanoma cells. The subfractions with the highest cytotoxic activity were analysed by UPLC-DAD-ESI/MS
n in an attempt to understand which phenolic compounds could account for the anti-melanoma activity. The compounds identified are typical of the Gerês propolis, and some of them have already been linked with antitumor effectiveness. These results reaffirm that propolis compounds can be a source of new drugs and the isolation of compounds could allow its use in traditional medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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16. Applications of Antioxidant Secondary Metabolites of Sargassum spp.
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Catarino, Marcelo D., Silva-Reis, Rita, Chouh, Amina, Silva, Sónia, Braga, Susana S., Silva, Artur M. S., and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Abstract
Sargassum is one of the largest and most diverse genus of brown seaweeds, comprising of around 400 taxonomically accepted species. Many species of this genus have long been a part of human culture with applications as food, feed, and remedies in folk medicine. Apart from their high nutritional value, these seaweeds are also a well-known reservoir of natural antioxidant compounds of great interest, including polyphenols, carotenoids, meroterpenoids, phytosterols, and several others. Such compounds provide a valuable contribution to innovation that can translate, for instance, into the development of new ingredients for preventing product deterioration, particularly in food products, cosmetics or biostimulants to boost crops production and tolerance to abiotic stress. This manuscript revises the chemical composition of Sargassum seaweeds, highlighting their antioxidant secondary metabolites, their mechanism of action, and multiple applications in fields, including agriculture, food, and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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17. Pharmacological Properties of Bergapten: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Aspects
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Quetglas-Llabrés, Maria Magdalena, Quispe, Cristina, Herrera-Bravo, Jesús, Catarino, Marcelo D., Pereira, Olívia R., Cardoso, Susana M., Dua, Kamal, Chellappan, Dinesh Kumar, Pabreja, Kavita, Satija, Saurabh, Mehta, Meenu, Sureda, Antoni, Martorell, Miquel, Satmbekova, Dinara, Yeskaliyeva, Balakyz, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Rasool, Naeem, Butnariu, Monica, Bagiu, Iulia Cristina, Bagiu, Radu Vasile, Calina, Daniela, and Cho, William C.
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Article Subject - Abstract
Bergapten (BP) or 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) is a furocoumarin compound mainly found in bergamot essential oil but also in other citrus essential oils and grapefruit juice. This compound presents antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hypolipemic, and anticancer effects and is successfully used as a photosensitizing agent. The present review focuses on the research evidence related to the therapeutic properties of bergapten collected in recent years. Many preclinical and in vitro studies have been evidenced the therapeutic action of BP; however, few clinical trials have been carried out to evaluate its efficacy. These clinical trials with BP are mainly focused on patients suffering from skin disorders such as psoriasis or vitiligo. In these trials, the administration of BP (oral or topical) combined with UV irradiation induces relevant lesion clearance rates. In addition, beneficial effects of bergamot extract were also observed in patients with altered serum lipid profiles and in people with nonalcoholic fatty liver. On the contrary, there are no clinical trials that investigate the possible effects on cancer. Although the bioavailability of BP is lower than that of its 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) isomer, it has fewer side effects allowing higher concentrations to be administered. In conclusion, although the use of BP has therapeutic applications on skin disorders as a sensitizing agent and as components of bergamot extract as hypolipemic therapy, more trials are necessary to define the doses and treatment guidelines and its usefulness against other pathologies such as cancer or bacterial infections.
- Published
- 2022
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18. Bioactive compounds of spontaneous hop and hop in cultivars in the northeast of Portugal
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Santos, Briolanja, Pedro, Luís G., Pereira, Olívia R., Goes, Hugo, Cardoso, Susana M., and Sousa, Maria João
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Chemistry ,Hop ,Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY::Chemical engineering ,Bioactive compounds ,α-acids and β-acids ,Phenolic compounds - Abstract
Hop, whose scientific name is Humulus lupulus L., is a species of the family Cannabaceae, with climbing, perennial and dioecious characteristics of great importance due to its compounds of interest such as polyphenols and acids. The female inflorescences have glands that secrete mainly lupulin. Hop is known worldwide as an essential raw material and flavoring agent in beer production. Phytochemical compounds from the plant such as xanthohumol, humulone and lupulone have also been used in cosmetics. Moreover, the plant has beneficial properties -anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant. The area of Bragança (Trás-os-Montes) is rich in spontaneous hop and cultivars. The samples of spontaneous hop were collected in different areas of the Bragança district and were analyzed and compared to the varieties of cultivars (Nugget, Polaris, Cascade, Centennial and Chinook). The volatiles extracted from the female cones, in a LikensNickerson system, were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The α- and β-acids, from where extracted with calibration standard ICE-3 and analyzed by HPLC. Characterization of α- and β-acids, and of the phenolic profile of the Hop samples, was also performed by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn. The cultivars and their respective spontaneous varieties showed similarities in the monoterpenic component, with β-myrcene as the main compound. Regarding HPLC analyses, cultivars showed total values about 15% of α-acids and about 4% of β-acids, while the spontaneous variety showed 7% of α-acids and 9% of β-acids, corresponding to the compounds cohumulona, humulone, colupulona, lupulona and xanthohumol. Quercetin and kaempferol glycosides were also present in some extracts as minor compounds. Thanks to FCT (Portugal) and the ERDF under the PT2020 Program for financial support to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 and CMFPE1; EXPL2021CIMO_06) and LAQV-REQUIMTE (UIDB/50006/2020). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2022
19. Plant-based beverages fortified with resveratrol complexes of β and γ cyclodextrins: impact on bioaccessibility
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Silva, Andreia F. R., Monteiro, Mariana, Fernandes, Jean Michel, Braga, Susana S., Pinheiro, A. C., Vicente, A. A., Coimbra, Manuel A., Silva, Artur M. S., Cardoso, Susana M., and Universidade do Minho
- Subjects
viruses ,virus diseases ,respiratory system - Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is a functional ingredient with numerous bioactive properties, but precautions should be considered in the formulation of liquid food products due its poor solubility and bioavailability. In this context, cyclodextrin complexes are a viable solubilisation strategy, already applied in delivering hydrophobic compounds [1]. This study aimed at evaluating the use of and -cyclodextrin complexes with RSV (-CD-RSV and CD RSV, respectively) on rice beverages (BA), concerning the impacts on RSV solubility and bioaccessibility., Thanks to the project NETDIAMOND (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016385), to the University of Aveiro, FCT/MEC for financial supporting LAQV-REQUIMTE (UIDB/50006/2020), through national funds and co-financed by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. Andreia Silva acknowledges FCT for the Ph.D. grant SFRH/BD/142100/2018. Susana Cardoso thanks the research contract under the project PTDC/BAA-AGR/31015/2017., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2021
20. Metabolite Profiling, Antioxidant and Key Enzymes Linked to Hyperglycemia Inhibitory Activities of Satureja hispidula : An Underexplored Species from Algeria.
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Haouat, Ammar, Rechek, Habiba, Pinto, Diana C. G. A., Cardoso, Susana M., Válega, Mónica S. G. A., Boudjerda, Abdelhamid, Silva, Artur M. S., and Mekkiou, Ratiba
- Subjects
ANTIOXIDANTS ,SAVORY (Herb) ,HYPERGLYCEMIA ,BIOLOGICAL assay ,ALPHA-glucosidases ,ENZYMES ,MASS spectrometers ,GLUCOSIDASES - Abstract
In the present study, two extracts from the aerial parts of the endemic species Satureja hispidula were analyzed for the first time by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) method in order to identify and quantify their phenolic compounds. These extracts' antioxidant, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities were also evaluated. UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS allowed the identification of 28 and 20 compounds in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively; among them, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid was the most abundant in both extracts. The biological assay results indicate that the species S. hispidula, besides its high antioxidant power, is also potentially useful for inhibiting the α-glucosidase enzyme. In both antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays, the aqueous extract exhibited the most promising results, significantly better than the standards used as positive controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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21. Metabolite Profiling of Alocasia gigantea Leaf Extract and Its Potential Anticancer Effect through Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
- Author
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Okasha, Hend, Aboushousha, Tarek, Coimbra, Manuel A., Cardoso, Susana M., and Ghareeb, Mosad A.
- Subjects
HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma ,ANTINEOPLASTIC agents ,AUTOPHAGY ,ANIMAL habitations ,AMP-activated protein kinases - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a poor-prognosis type of cancer with high resistance to chemotherapy, making the search for safe drugs a mandatory issue. Plant-derived products have potential to reduce negative side effects of cancer treatments. In this work, ability of a defatted methanolic extract of Alocasia gigantea leaves to fight HCC was evaluated in an animal model. Overall, treatment of HCC-induced mice with the methanolic extract at 150 mg/kg body weight for four consecutive weeks caused induction of autophagy through silencing of the relative expression of autophagy suppressor (mTOR) and inducement of autophagy markers (AMPK, Beclin-1, and LC-3). Moreover, it improved preservation of the hepatic histological architecture of the animals, with minor hepatocytic changes but scattered foci of hepatocytic apoptosis. Chemical profiling of the methanolic extract via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC–DAD–ESI–MS/MS) allowed identification of di-C-glycosyl flavones, mostly represented by 6-C-hexosyl-8-C-pentosyl apigenin isomers, which may possibly be associated with inducement of the autophagy pathway in HCC. Overall, these outcomes gave an initial visualization of the operative effect of some compounds in A. gigantea leaves that are potential treatment for HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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22. Effect of High-Pressure and Thermal Pasteurization on Microbial and Physico-Chemical Properties of Opuntia ficus-indica Juices.
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Ferreira, Ricardo M., Amaral, Renata A., Silva, Artur M. S., Cardoso, Susana M., and Saraiva, Jorge A.
- Subjects
OPUNTIA ficus-indica ,FOOD pasteurization ,OPUNTIA ,MICROBIAL growth ,FRUIT quality ,BIOACTIVE compounds - Abstract
Opuntia fruits are recognized for their richness in nutrients and in bioactive compounds, being also highly appreciated by consumers as a juice. Nevertheless, without further processing, prickly pear juices have a short shelf-life, hampering their commercial use. In this work, thermal (TP) and high-pressure (HPP) pasteurization were applied to juices from Opuntia ficus-indica cultivars 'Rossa', 'Gialla', and 'Bianca' to understand the impact of those methods on the microbial safety, physico-chemical properties, and the nutritional content of the samples, over storage at 4 °C. In general, thermal pasteurization at 71.1 °C for 30 s increased the shelf-life by 22 days, and high-pressure pasteurization at 500 MPa for 10 min increased the shelf-life by 52 days with regard to microbial growth as well as maintenance of physical-chemical characteristics. The application of these two pasteurization methods delayed changes in the physico-chemical characteristics of the juices, with a more pronounced effect on the titratable acidity, °Brix and browning. For the same periods of time, the application of pasteurization methods decreased the variation in these quality parameters by around 75%. Similarly, these methods were shown to have the same effect on the polyphenolic concentration as well as the antioxidant activity of the juices. In particular, HPP was more efficient in preventing a decrease in °Brix and increase in titratable acidity, which normally negatively affect the flavor of the juices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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23. Overview of Phlorotannins' Constituents in Fucales.
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Catarino, Marcelo D., Pires, Sónia M. G., Silva, Sónia, Costa, Filipa, Braga, Susana S., Pinto, Diana C. G. A., Silva, Artur M. S., and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Abstract
Fucales are an order within the Phaeophyceae that include most of the common littoral seaweeds in temperate and subtropical coastal regions. Many species of this order have long been a part of human culture with applications as food, feedand remedies in folk medicine. Apart from their high nutritional value, these seaweeds are also a well-known reservoir of multiple bioactive compounds with great industrial interest. Among them, phlorotannins, a unique and diverse class of brown algae-exclusive phenolics, have gathered much attention during the last few years due to their numerous potential health benefits. However, due to their complex structural features, combined with the scarcity of standards, it poses a great challenge to the identification and characterization of these compounds, at least with the technology currently available. Nevertheless, much effort has been taken towards the elucidation of the structural features of phlorotannins, which have resulted in relevant insights into the chemistry of these compounds. In this context, this review addresses the major contributions and technological advances in the field of phlorotannins extraction and characterization, with a particular focus on Fucales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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24. Propolis Efficacy: The Quest for Eco-Friendly Solvents.
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Freitas, Ana Sofia, Cunha, Ana, Parpot, Pier, Cardoso, Susana M., Oliveira, Rui, and Almeida-Aguiar, Cristina
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PROPYLENE glycols ,PROPOLIS ,SOLVENTS ,CUTIBACTERIUM acnes ,BEE products ,NATURAL products ,METHICILLIN-resistant staphylococcus aureus ,CANDIDA albicans - Abstract
Propolis, a natural product made by bees with resins and balsams, is known for its complex chemical composition and remarkable bioactivities. In this study, propolis extraction was studied seeking extracts with strong bioactivities using less orthodox solvents, with some derived from apiary products. For that, a propolis sample collected from Gerês apiary in 2018 (G18) was extracted by maceration with six different solvents: absolute ethanol, ethanol/water (7:3), honey brandy, mead, propylene glycol and water. The solvent influence on the chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts was investigated. Antioxidant potential was assessed by the DPPH free-radical-scavenging assay and the antimicrobial activity by the agar dilution method. Chemical composition of the extracts was determined in vitro by three colorimetric assays: total ortho-diphenols, phenolics and flavonoids contents and the LC-MS technique. To our knowledge, this is the first time that solvents such as honey brandy and mead have been studied. Honey brandy showed considerable potential to extract propolis active compounds able to inhibit the growth of bacteria such as the methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes (MIC values of 100 and 200 µg/mL, respectively) and the fungi Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MIC = 500 µg/mL, for both). Mead extracts displayed high antioxidant capacity (EC
50 = 1.63 ± 0.27 µg/mL) and great activity against resistant bacteria such as the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (MIC = 750 µg/mL, for both). The production of such solvents made from beehive products further promotes a diversification of apiary products and the exploration of new applications using eco-friendly solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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25. Berthel Polar Extracts
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Saada, Mariem, Wasli, Hanen, Jallali, Inès, Kboubi, Rim, Girard-Lalancette, Karl, Mshvildadze, Vakhtang, Ksouri, Riadh, Legault, Jean, and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
antioxidant ,LC-DAD-ESI/MSn ,open column chromatography ,cytotoxicity ,phenolic compounds ,Retama raetam - Abstract
The fractionation of the methanolic extract (MeOH-E) of Retama raetam (Forssk.) Webb &, Berthel and further analysis by thin layer chromatography resulted in four fractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) that, in parallel with the MeOH-E, were screened for antioxidant, cytotoxic, antidiabetic and antibacterial properties. In addition, chemical characterization of their bioactive molecules was performed using LC-DAD-ESI/MSn. The results indicated that F3 was the most promising regarding antioxidant and cytotoxicity abilities, possibly due to its richness in flavonoids class, particularly isoflavones. In turn, F1 was characterized by the presence of the most polar compounds from MeOH-E (organic acids and piscidic acid) and showed promising abilities to inhibit α-amylase, while F4, which contained prenylated flavonoids and furanoflavonoids, was the most active against the tested bacteria. The gathered results emphasize the distinct biological potentials of purified fractions of Retama raetam.
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- 2021
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26. Iron Deficiency Modulates Secondary Metabolites Biosynthesis and Antioxidant Potential in Sulla carnosa L. Primed with Salicylic Acid.
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Jelali, Nahida, Wasli, Hanen, Youssef, Rim Ben, Hessini, Kamel, and Cardoso, Susana M.
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SALICYLIC acid ,METABOLITES ,IRON deficiency ,HYDROXYCINNAMIC acids ,PHENOLS ,BIOSYNTHESIS ,PLANT performance - Abstract
Iron (Fe) is a vital nutrient for the development of many plants. Therefore, enhancing plant performance and production in relation to Fe deficiency is becoming a serious challenge. In this work, we intended to survey the effect of seed pretreatment with salicylic acid (SA) on oxidative status, phenolic composition, and related antioxidant activities in two varieties of Sulla carnosa (Sidi Khlif: SK and Kalbia: KA) treated with different Fe concentrations. In unprimed plants, the levels of phenolic compounds were very distinguishable among the two varieties, being superior in KA compared to SK. Interestingly, priming KA seeds with SA under control conditions or deficient conditions (D+SA treatment) caused a decreasing tendency in the contents of total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC), whereas an opposite behavior was observed in SK. Moreover, an improvement of hydroxycinnamic and flavonoid groups, in addition to antioxidant activities (TAC, DPPH
● , β-carotene and FRAP), was markedly found in SK primed with SA. According to these findings, SA seed pretreatment had a beneficial effect on the metabolic performance of this species under different Fe supply, regardless of whether the intensity of improvement was related to Fe concentration applied, variety, as well as plant organ. The results suggest that SA can account for the effective modulation of the secondary metabolites metabolism in S. carnosa plants to deal with the detrimental impacts of Fe deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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27. Impact of Gastrointestinal Digestion on the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Phlorotannins from Himanthalia elongata.
- Author
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Catarino, Marcelo D., Circuncisão, Ana Rita, Neves, Bruno, Marçal, Catarina, Silva, Artur M. S., Cruz, Maria Teresa, and Cardoso, Susana M.
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DIGESTION ,EDIBLE coatings ,FREE radical scavengers ,CITRIC acid ,ETHYL acetate - Abstract
Considering the significantly lower TPhC of the digested extracts compared with their non-digested counterparts, as observed in Section 3.3., a reduction of the anti-inflammatory capacity of the digested extracts, measured as the capacity to inhibit the production of NO SP • sp in LPS-stimulated macrophages, was expected, especially in the EtOAc extract. However, most of the studies performed on phlorotannins' bioactivities were carried out on pure compounds and/or phlorotannin-rich extracts, without taking into consideration the possible effects and alterations that gastrointestinal digestion may exert on these compounds before they reach their target. Keywords: brown macroalgae; Himanthalia elongata; marine bioactives; phenolic compounds; phlorotannins; gastrointestinal digestion; stability; anti-inflammatory; antioxidant EN brown macroalgae Himanthalia elongata marine bioactives phenolic compounds phlorotannins gastrointestinal digestion stability anti-inflammatory antioxidant N.PAG N.PAG 12 08/29/22 20220801 NES 220801 1. Indeed, our previous studies have already shown how gastrointestinal digestion affects the stability and bioaccessibility of I Fucus vesiculosus' i phlorotannin-rich extracts, and how these compounds may modulate the gut microbiota's growth and activity [[6]]. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2022
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28. Humulus lupulus L.: cosmetic application of extracts obtained from cones and vegetative parts
- Author
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Alves, Silena Silva Delgado, Afonso, Andrea Luísa Fernandes, Cardoso, Susana M., Sousa, Maria João, and Pereira, Olívia R.
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Phenolic composition ,Humulus lupulus L ,Hop ,Cosmetic formulation ,Antimicrobial activity ,Vegetative parts - Abstract
Nowadays there is an increasing interest in the search for bioactive compounds obtained from aromatic and medicinal plants. Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is known worldwide as an essential raw material for the beer industry, however, recent studies have revealed health benefits. In the beer production process, only the cones of hop are used, while the vegetative part of the plant is discarded and not valorized albeit its richness in interesting compounds. In this work, we have studied the phytochemical profile of polar extracts of hop and of the essential oil of T. zygis subsp. zygis, and further evaluated their antibacterial and antifungal capacities. Moreover, gel formulations incorporating distinct levels of hop extracts (1.25%, 2.5% and 5%) from cones and vegetative parts of the varieties Nugget and Polaris of hop and spontaneous hop, combined with essential oil of Thymus zygis subsp. zygis, were developed and the stability of the new cosmetic products was evaluated. UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS2 analysis was used for phytochemical study of hydroalcoholic hop extracts. The antimicrobial properties of these extracts and of the essential oil of T. zygis subsp. zygis were determined by microdilution broth method and the diffusion in agar test. Additionally, the stability of the gel formulations was evaluated through a series of physical-chemical tests such as the pH, density, texture evaluation, mechanical vibration, centrifugation, relative humidity, light test, consecutive extreme temperature variation and evaluation of organoleptic characteristics. The stability tests did not reveal phase separation or liquefaction of the prepared gel samples. There were no changes recorded in vibration test, in the organoleptic characteristics of the formulations, the relative humidity test, as well as in the extreme temperature variation test. The formulations showed an acid pH, between 5.93±0.047 and 6.16±0.047. The apparent density of the formulations were between 1.08±0.00 Kg/m-3 and 1.12±0.00 Kg/m-3. Although hop extracts had no antimicrobial effect, the essential oil of T. zygis subsp. zygis showed antibacterial and antifungal activities against all strains of bacteria and fungi tested, with higher potency against S. aureus (MIC = 0.031%) than for P. aeruginosa (MIC = 1.25%). The study of the phenolic profile of cones and vegetative parts of the polar extracts of hop, allowed the identification of thirty compounds, of which alpha and beta acids, phenolic acids and flavonoids. In conclusion, the study explored the vegetative part of hop that remain poorly studied allowing propose them as ingredient in cosmetic area. Thanks to FCT (Portugal) and the ERDF under the PT2020 Program for financial support to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020) and LAQVREQUIMTE (UIDB/50006/2020). SMC acknowledges the research contract under the project AgroForWealth (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000001). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2021
29. Phenolic Bioactives as Antiplatelet Aggregation Factors: The Pivotal Ingredients in Maintaining Cardiovascular Health
- Author
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Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Quispe, Cristina, Zam, Wissam, Kumar, Manoj, Cardoso, Susana M., Pereira, Olivia R., Ademiluyi, Adedayo O., Adeleke, Oluwakemi, Moreira, Ana Catarina, Živković, Jelena, Noriega, Felipe, Ayatollahi, Seyed Abdulmajid, Kobarfard, Farzad, Faizi, Mehrdad, Martorell, Miquel, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Butnariu, Monica, Bagiu, Iulia Cristina, Bagiu, Radu Vasile, Alshehri, Mohammed M., and Cho, William C.
- Subjects
Article Subject ,cardiovascular diseases - Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. The development of these diseases has a specific factor—alteration in blood platelet activation. It has been shown that phenolic compounds have antiplatelet aggregation abilities and a positive impact in the management of CVD, exerting prominent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, cardioprotective, antihyperglycemic, and antimicrobial effects. Thus, this review is intended to address the antiplatelet activity of phenolic compounds with special emphasis in preventing CVD, along with the mechanisms of action through which they are able to prevent and treat CVD. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown beneficial effects of phenolic compound-rich plant extracts and isolated compounds against CVD, despite that the scientific literature available on the antiplatelet aggregation ability of phenolic compounds in vivo is scarce. Thus, despite the current advances, further studies are needed to confirm the cardioprotective potential of phenolic compounds towards their use alone or in combination with conventional drugs for effective therapeutic interventions.
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- 2021
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30. Utilization of bee products on the development of cosmetic formulation with terpenes preservatives from Trás-os-Montes aromatic plants
- Author
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Jelidi, Sarra, Pereira, Olívia R., Afonso, Andrea Luísa Fernandes, Pedro, Luís G., Cardoso, Susana M., and Sousa, Maria João
- Subjects
Beeswax ,Salvia ,Sage ,Moisturizing cream ,Essential oil ,Thymus ,UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis - Abstract
The use of natural cosmetics is nowadays becoming increasingly frequent given to the notice of consumers to the consequences of using chemically synthesized compounds, which may even be carcinogenic. This work aimed to develop a cream formulation for daily moisturizing of the skin, with natural ingredients, like bee products, plants of the region of Trás-Os-Montes and vegetable oils. Among bee products, beeswax was chosen for its properties, like skin repairing power and antimicrobial power. In more detail, two sage plants (Salvia officinalis and Salvia elegans) and the thyme species Thymus zygis subsp. zygis were used as sources of antioxidants. The phenolic profile of the hydroalcoholic extracts of sage were elucidated by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS2 analysis, while the composition of the essential oil of T. zygis subsp. zygis was determined by GC/ GC-MS. The antimicrobial activities were evaluated by microdilution broth method and by diffusion agar test. The obtained formulations were subjected to physicochemical and microbiological stability tests. The major phenolic components of S. officinalis extract were rosmarinic acid, apigenin-Oglucuronide, scutellarein-O-glucuronide and luteolin-7-O-glucuronide while S. elegans was mostly composed by rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid K, luteolin-7-O-glucuronide and caffeic acid. The GC/ GC-MS analysis of essential oil of T. zygis subsp. zygis was mainly composed of carvacrol, cymene and trans-sabinene hydrate. The formulations had pH values slightly acid, similar to the skin pH. No phase separation or alteration of the organoleptic criteria of the formulations were observed. The stability of the products was also verified by spectrophotometer within the UV visible region between 210 and 600 nm, especially the sample containing olive oil and 5% of S. elegans hydroalcoholic extract. A non- Newtonien behavior, criterion sought in cosmetic creams, was also observed during the analysis by the texturometer. Additionally, the thyme volatile oil, used as a preservative in the cream, showed an inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC and MBC < 0.031%), Pseudomonas sp (MIC and MBC = 1.25%), Escherichia coli (MIC and MBC = 0.31%) and Candida albicans. Above a degree of 0.31%, thyme oil showed in C. albicans, inhibition zones varying from 2 to 9.5 mm against C. albicans, in the agar diffusion test. The promising results of these work allows propose beeswax, S. officinalis, S. elegans and T. zygis subsp. zygis as active ingredients for natural cosmetic formulations. Thanks to FCT (Portugal) and the ERDF under the PT2020 Program for financial support to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020) and LAQVREQUIMTE (UIDB/50006/2020). SMC acknowledges the research contract under the project AgroForWealth (CENTRO-01-0145- FEDER-000001). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2021
31. Genistein: An Integrative Overview of Its Mode of Action, Pharmacological Properties, and Health Benefits
- Author
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Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Quispe, Cristina, Imran, Muhammad, Rauf, Abdur, Nadeem, Muhammad, Gondal, Tanweer Aslam, Ahmad, Bashir, Atif, Muhammad, Mubarak, Mohammad S., Sytar, Oksana, Zhilina, Oxana Mihailovna, Garsiya, Ekaterina Robertovna, Smeriglio, Antonella, Trombetta, Domenico, Pons, Daniel Gabriel, Martorell, Miquel, Cardoso, Susana M., Razis, Ahmad Faizal Abdull, Sunusi, Usman, Kamal, Ramla Muhammad, Rotariu, Lia Sanda, Butnariu, Monica, Docea, Anca Oana, and Calina, Daniela
- Subjects
Article Subject ,food and beverages - Abstract
Genistein is an isoflavone first isolated from the brooming plant Dyer’s Genista tinctoria L. and is widely distributed in the Fabaceae family. As an isoflavone, mammalian genistein exerts estrogen-like functions. Several biological effects of genistein have been reported in preclinical studies, such as the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral activities, the effects of angiogenesis and estrogen, and the pharmacological activities on diabetes and lipid metabolism. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date evidence of preclinical pharmacological activities with mechanisms of action, bioavailability, and clinical evidence of genistein. The literature was researched using the most important keyword “genistein” from the PubMed, Science, and Google Scholar databases, and the taxonomy was validated using The Plant List. Data were also collected from specialized books and other online resources. The main positive effects of genistein refer to the protection against cardiovascular diseases and to the decrease of the incidence of some types of cancer, especially breast cancer. Although the mechanism of protection against cancer involves several aspects of genistein metabolism, the researchers attribute this effect to the similarity between the structure of soy genistein and that of estrogen. This structural similarity allows genistein to displace estrogen from cellular receptors, thus blocking their hormonal activity. The pharmacological activities resulting from the experimental studies of this review support the traditional uses of genistein, but in the future, further investigations are needed on the efficacy, safety, and use of nanotechnologies to increase bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
- Published
- 2021
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32. Development of a cosmos solid emulsion
- Author
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Possamai, Fernanda, Spencer, Ricardo, Cardoso, Susana M., Sousa, Maria João, and Pereira, Olívia R.
- Subjects
Solid emulsion ,Development of a cosmos solid emulsion ,Portuguese natural products ,COSMOS ,Quercus ilex L - Abstract
Natural products are becoming a trend in the cosmetic market, due to a growing awareness and concern with the origin of these products. The certification of natural products, especially organic ones under the COSMOS signature preserves the integrity of the constituents, in an environmentally appropriate and safe for human health, expanding the concept of "green chemistry”, guaranteeing the origin, and processing of the products, storage, manufacturing, packaging, etc. The objective of this study was to develop a moisturizing cosmetic emulsion in the solid format according to COSMOS certification, with guarantee the quality of the product in a new concept of solid cosmetic. 59 tests were carried out to optimise this emulsion, with the best possible hydration level. The different tests included variations in components and their amounts, following be evaluation of sensory aspects for each formulation. The final cosmetic emulsion formulation (Figure 1) contains components of Portuguese origin such as grape seeds oil from Douro Valley, olive oil and extract of by-products of acorn (Quercus Ilex L.) and essential oils of mandarin, geranium, coriander and cinnamon. The formulation has undergone accelerated stability tests with temperatures (40 ºC /-12 ºC). The pH, density and organoleptic characteristics were evaluate. The phenolic profile of acorn by-product (Quercus ilex L.) was performe by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS2. A questionnaire was applying to evaluate the acceptance after use of the moisturizing cosmetic emulsion. In stability tests, overall the formulation showed small color variations and less aroma intensity, maintaining hydration and solid state. The pH changes were from 4.68 ± 0.006 to 4.78 ± 0.05 and the density was maintaining at 0.73 kg/m3 . The polar extract of acorn by-product have as major compounds trigalloyl-HHDP-glucose, valoneic acid dilactone and gallic acid, known as antioxidants compounds. The essential oils bring beneficial properties to the skin and the aroma. In the post use of solid emulsion survey applied shown that “aroma” was the second point most valorised (47.6%), after “hydration” (90.5%). The results shown that the majority of participants (81.0%) were “very satisfied” or “satisfied” with the solid emulsion indicating the intention to use it if it is on the market (76.2%). This study highlights the research in reformulations from liquid to solid products, and the potential of using Portuguese raw materials such as acorn. Thanks to FCT (Portugal) and the ERDF under the PT2020 Program for financial support to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020) and LAQVREQUIMTE (UIDB/50006/2020). SMC acknowledges the research contract (project AgroForWealth, CENTRO-01-0145- FEDER000001). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2021
33. Development of a cosmetic anti-aging gel formulation with extracts of spontaneous plants and cultivars of Humulus lupulus L
- Author
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Santos, Briolanja, Pereira, Olívia R., Afonso, Andrea Luísa Fernandes, Pedro, Luís G., Cardoso, Susana M., and Sousa, Maria João
- Subjects
Gel ,Humulus lupulus L ,Chemical composition ,Hop extracts ,Cosmetic ,Anti-aging ,Essential oil - Abstract
Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is known worldwide as an essential flavor in the beer industry. Its major compounds have been demonstrated to be associated to health benefits, due to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities [1]. This study intended to develop and to evaluate the stability of an anti-aging cosmetic gel by incorporation of different percentages of hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from cones (flowers) and vegetative parts (leaves) of hop spontaneous and of the Cascade and Polaris cultivars and essential oil of Thymus zygis. In addition, the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activities determination of hop extracts and of essential oil of thymus were performed. A methylcellulose gel formulation was used as base to develop the hop cosmetic product. Subsequently, several parameters were evaluated to address its physical-chemical stability. In addition to that, the phenolic profile of hop extracts was determined by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS2 [2] while the composition of thyme essential oil was done by GC and GC-MS. The ability to inhibit the microbial growth was performed by microdilution broth method and the diffusion in agar test. Contrary to hop extracts, thyme oil has shown to exert antibacterial and antifungal activities and thus, it was added to the formulation as preservative. Carvacrol, terpinen-4-ol and p-cimene, determined as major compounds in this oil, could be important contributors for these activities. The extracts obtained from hop cones were rich in phenolic compounds such as cohumulone, humulone and xanthohumol, which have been claimed as possessing anti-wrinkle effect [3]. Concerning stability of the formulations, no phase separation was observed in the centrifugation, mechanical vibration tests or the color tests. However, changes were observed in the UV-Visible spectra between 300nm to 350nm wavelengths, probably by presence of the phenolic compounds such as example xanthohumol, cohumulona, humulona and lupulona [3]. In texture by back extrusion, only the formulation with the extracts of the Polaris variety has high consistency and low viscosity. In the light test there was phase separation in the samples due to the occurrence of dehydration, to minimize this effect, it must be properly in a non-transparent packaging to protect from light. Overall, the incorporation of hydroalcoholic extracts of hop and essential oil of thyme in methylcellulose gel formulations, especially with Polaris variety with 2.5% hydroalcoholic extract of hop cones, allow to obtained a stable cosmetic with potential as anti-aging take into account the chemical composition. Thanks to FCT (Portugal) and the ERDF under the PT2020 Program for financial support to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020) and LAQV-REQUIMTE (UIDB/50006/2020). SMC acknowledges the research contract (project AgroForWealth, CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000001). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2021
34. Selective Cytotoxicity of Portuguese Propolis Ethyl Acetate Fraction towards Renal Cancer Cells.
- Author
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Freitas, Ana Sofia, Costa, Marta, Pontes, Olívia, Seidel, Veronique, Proença, Fernanda, Cardoso, Susana M., Oliveira, Rui, Baltazar, Fátima, and Almeida-Aguiar, Cristina
- Subjects
RENAL cancer ,PROPOLIS ,RENAL cell carcinoma ,CANCER cells ,DELAYED diagnosis - Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma is the most lethal cancer of the urological system due to late diagnosis and treatment resistance. Propolis, a beehive product, is a valuable natural source of compounds with bioactivities and may be a beneficial addition to current anticancer treatments. A Portuguese propolis sample, its fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water) and three subfractions (P1–P3), were tested for their toxicity on A498, 786-O and Caki-2 renal cell carcinoma cell lines and the non-neoplastic HK2 kidney cells. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest toxicity against A498 (IC
50 = 0.162 µg mL−1 ) and 786-O (IC50 = 0.271 µg mL−1 ) cells. With similar toxicity against 786-O, P1 (IC50 = 3.8 µg mL−1 ) and P3 (IC50 = 3.1 µg mL−1 ) exhibited greater effect when combined (IC50 = 2.5 µg mL−1 ). Results support the potential of propolis and its constituents as promising coadjuvants in renal cell carcinoma treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
35. Brown Algae Fucus vesiculosus in Pasta: Effects on Textural Quality, Cooking Properties, and Sensorial Traits.
- Author
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Ribeiro, Ana Ramalho, Madeira, Tiago, Botelho, Goreti, Martins, Diana, Ferreira, Ricardo M., Silva, Artur M. S., Cardoso, Susana M., and Costa, Rui
- Subjects
FUCUS vesiculosus ,BROWN algae ,DURUM wheat ,PASTA products ,PASTA ,FOOD habits ,WEIGHT gain - Abstract
Fucus vesiculosus is a brown seaweed rich in iodine, fucoxanthin, and phlorotannins, all known to be bioactive compounds associated with health-promoting events. The enrichment of a staple food such as pasta with seaweed flour, could convey health benefits without changing eating habits. In this work, F. vesiculosus flour (FVF) was incorporated into durum wheat pasta at 1, 5.5, and 10% gradient levels. The pasta enriched with FVF needed additional water during dough formation and required more cooking time, resulting in higher weight gain but also increased cooking loss (observed with 5.5 and 10%). The fracturability of raw pasta decreased for all the FVF pasta, though the cooked firmness and hardness were only affected with the inclusion of 10% FVF. The substitution of wheat semolina with FVF at a 10% level caused an increase in the pasta's fiber content, which resulted in a more discontinuous protein–matrix structure, as observed at the microscopic level. Untrained consumers were very positive about the overall sensory traits of the pasta with low supplementation levels (1 and 5.5%). About 72% of panelists selected the 1% FVF pasta as their favorite sample. The utilization of FVF in pasta should be targeted at low inclusion levels to cope with the expected texture quality and prevent the impairment of the sensory traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Portuguese Propolis Antitumoral Activity in Melanoma Involves ROS Production and Induction of Apoptosis.
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Oliveira, Rafaela Dias, Celeiro, Sónia Pires, Barbosa-Matos, Catarina, Freitas, Ana Sofia, Cardoso, Susana M., Viana-Pereira, Marta, Almeida-Aguiar, Cristina, and Baltazar, Fátima
- Subjects
PROPOLIS ,MELANOMA ,SKIN cancer ,NATURAL products ,ETHYL acetate ,DACARBAZINE - Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive and life-threatening skin cancer type. The melanoma genome is the most frequently mutated, with the BRAF mutation present in 40–60% of melanoma cases. BRAF-mutated melanomas are characterized by a higher aggressiveness and progression. Adjuvant targeted treatments, such as BRAF and MEK inhibitors, are added to surgical excision in BRAF-mutated metastatic melanomas to maximize treatment effectiveness. However, resistance remains the major therapeutic problem. Interest in natural products, like propolis, for therapeutic applications, has increased in the last years. Propolis healing proprieties offer great potential for the development of novel cancer drugs. As the activity of Portuguese propolis has never been studied in melanoma, we evaluated the antitumoral activity of propolis from Gerês (G18.EE) and its fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol) in A375 and WM9 melanoma cell lines. Results from DPPH•/ABTS• radical scavenging assays indicated that the samples had relevant antioxidant activity, however, this was not confirmed in the cell models. G18.EE and its fractions decreased cell viability (SRB assay) and promoted ROS production (DHE/Mitotracker probes by flow cytometry), leading to activation of apoptotic signaling (expression of apoptosis markers). Our results suggest that the n-BuOH fraction has the potential to be explored in the pharmacological therapy of melanoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Phlorotannins of the Brown Algae Sargassum vulgare from the Mediterranean Sea Coast.
- Author
-
Chouh, Amina, Nouadri, Tahar, Catarino, Marcelo D., Silva, Artur M. S., and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
SARGASSUM ,DIGESTIVE enzymes ,BIOACTIVE compounds ,DENATURATION of proteins ,ETHYL acetate ,BROWN algae - Abstract
Brown seaweeds are a good source of bioactive compounds, particularly of phlorotannins, which may exert a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties. In the present study, phlorotannins of S. vulgare were extracted using a 70% acetone solution and the crude extract was further purified through liquid–liquid partition, giving rise to n-hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous residue fractions. The crude extract and the purified fractions were evaluated for potential antioxidant abilities as well as for inhibitory potential towards the digestive enzymes α-amylase and pancreatic lipase, and anti-inflammatory potential through the hindering of albumin denaturation. Overall, the ethyl acetate fraction was the richest in phlorotannins (9.4 ± 0.03 mg PGE/g) and was also the most promising regarding the tested bioactive properties. Of note, its inhibitory potential towards α-amylase was about nine times that of the commercial drug acarbose and its inhibitory activity against high temperature-induced protein denaturation was superior to that of the non-steroidal drug ketoprofen. According to UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS analysis, this fraction contained a range of phlorotannins with at least six units of phloroglucinol, including dibenzodioxine-1,3,6,8-tetraol, fuhalol, pentaphlorethol, fucopentaphlorethol and dihydroxypentafuhalol, in addition to several less common phlorotannin sulfate derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Phenolic characterization of Northeast Portuguese propolis: usual and unusual compounds
- Author
-
Falcão, Soraia I., Vilas-Boas, Miguel, Estevinho, Letícia M., Barros, Cristina, Domingues, Maria R. M., and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Traditional and industrial oven-dry processing of olive fruits: influence on textural properties, cell wall polysaccharide composition, and enzymatic activity
- Author
-
Cardoso, Susana M., Mafra, Isabel, Reis, Ana, Barros, António S., Nunes, Cláudia, Georget, Dominique M. R., Smith, Andrew C., Saraiva, Jorge, Waldron, Keith W., and Coimbra, Manuel A.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. γ-Cyclodextrin Inclusion of Phloroglucinol: Solid State Studies and Antioxidant Activity throughout the Digestive Tract.
- Author
-
Catarino, Marcelo D., Costa, Beatriz S. Baía, Circuncisão, Ana Rita, Silva, Artur M. S., Cardoso, Susana M., and Braga, Susana Santos
- Subjects
CYCLODEXTRINS ,ALIMENTARY canal ,PHLOROGLUCINOL ,X-ray powder diffraction ,SPATIAL arrangement - Abstract
Phloroglucinol is a powerful antioxidant compound and an active pharmaceutical ingredient used in the management of intestinal spasms. In this report, we describe the interaction of γ-cyclodextrin with phloroglucinol to readily form a solid inclusion compound with 1:1 by co-dissolution and freeze-drying. Solid-state characterisation using FT-IR, thermal analyses (TGA and DTA) and X-ray powder diffraction confirmed the formation of a true inclusion compound (γ-CD·PG) in which the molecules of γ-CD are stacked into channels. This spatial arrangement is typical of γ-CD inclusion compounds, and it allows for the guest molecules to be located inside these channels. The evaluation of the antiradical potential of γ-CD·PG (against O
2 • − and NO• ) on different steps of the digestive process (mouth, gastric and intestinal phases) led us to conclude that the inclusion of phloroglucinol promoted better antioxidant activity at the end of the digestion when compared to the free phloroglucinol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Potential Use of Carrageenans against the Limestone Proliferation of the Cyanobacterium Parakomarekiella sesnandensis.
- Author
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Soares, Fabiana, Trovão, João, Gil, Francisco, Catarino, Lídia, Tiago, Igor, Portugal, António, and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
CARRAGEENANS ,LIMESTONE ,COLORIMETRIC analysis ,INSPECTION & review ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,CULTURAL property ,MARINE plants - Abstract
Stone biodeterioration by cyanobacteria is a common issue in the field of cultural heritage. As they are considered the first stone colonizers, the need to control their growth has increased. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of kappa/iota carrageenans from the red seaweed Chondracanthus teedei var. lusitanicus against the limestone proliferation of the cyanobacterium Parakomarekiella sesnandensis, under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, 200 μL of kappa/iota carrageenans (0.01 g mL
−1 ) were applied into the surface of the limestone replicas prior to their inoculation with P. sesnandensis. Results were evaluated after 4 months of incubation through visual inspection, stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and colorimetric analyses. The gathered data demonstrated that these types of carrageenans have the potential to reduce the colonization of P. sesnandensis. With one sole application, the aesthetical alterations caused by the proliferation of P. sesnandensis were drastically reduced. This study highlights the need to explore marine-based products, particularly those derived from seaweeds with antimicrobial properties, as alternative methods for biocleaning cultural heritage assets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Salvia Species as Nutraceuticals: Focus on Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anti-Obesity Properties.
- Author
-
Afonso, Andrea F., Pereira, Olívia R., and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
SALVIA ,HYPOGLYCEMIC agents ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,PHENOLIC acids ,SPECIES ,FLAVONOIDS - Abstract
Salvia plants belong to the Lamiaceae family and are recognized as being strongly aromatic, being widely used for different purposes in culinary or traditional medicine. These plants are well recognized as being rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenic compounds, which exhibit health-beneficial activities, protecting against oxidative and inflammatory-related diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Because of these properties, phytochemicals from Salvia species have been investigated as health promoting agents, for application in distinct fields. However, the growing demand for natural products with possible uses and applications in industry requires scientific validation studies. This review consists of a compilation of relevant studies with an emphasis on the antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-obesity properties of phenolic-rich extracts from Salvia plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Insights on the Adaptation of Foeniculum vulgare Mill to Iron Deficiency.
- Author
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Wasli, Hanen, Jelali, Nahida, Saada, Mariem, Ksouri, Riadh, and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
FENNEL ,PHENOLIC acids ,IRON deficiency ,GALLIC acid ,SYRINGIC acid ,FERULIC acid ,METABOLITES ,CHLOROGENIC acid - Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency causes great disturbances to plant growth, productivity and metabolism. This study investigated the effect of bicarbonate-induced Fe deficiency on Foeniculum vulgare (Mill) growth, nutrient uptake, the accumulation of secondary metabolites and the impact on bioactivities. When grown under indirect Fe deficiency conditions (
+ Fe+ Bic), the plants decreased their total mass, an effect that was clearly evident in shoots (−28%). Instead, roots were the main organ affected regarding variations in the phenolic profile and their respective functionalities. Hydromethanolic extracts from bicarbonate-treated roots had a remarkable increase in the levels of phenolic compounds, both of flavonoids (isoquercetin and isorhamnetin) and phenolic acids (gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid and trans-cinnamic acid), when compared to equivalent extracts from control plants. In addition, they exhibited higher scavenging abilities of DPPH•, NO•, RO2 •, as well as inhibitory capacities towards the activity of lipoxygenase (LOX), xanthine oxidase (XO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The overall results suggest that fennel species may modulate secondary metabolites metabolism to fight damages caused by iron deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Portuguese Propolis: A Source of Valuable Bioactivities
- Author
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Cunha, Ana, Alves, H., Araújo, C., Barroso, Liliane Calçada, Cruz, Márcia, Freitas, Ana Sofia, Gomes, Ana João P., Gonçalves, R., Marques, R., Moreira, B., Passão, C., Peixoto, M., Pereira, H., Carvalho, Ricardo Emanuel Silva, Valença, Isabel, Ferreira, Ana Margarida, Baltazar, Fátima, Pinto-Ribeiro, Filipa, Cardoso, Susana M., Oliveira, Rui Pedro Soares de, Almeida Aguiar, Cristina, and Universidade do Minho
- Subjects
Portuguese propolis,Bioactivities - Abstract
Propolis is a complex resinous mixture produced byhoneybees and used in the construction, repair and defence of hives. Humanshave used propolis in traditional and alternative medicines since ancienttimes. Subject of intense research, propolis showed to possess many biologicaland pharmacological properties, namely antimicrobial and antioxidant1.Although clinical studies are still lacking, the broad bioactivities spectrumof propolis, the continuous discovery of new compounds, its long history of useand safety profile suggest promising applications in medicine and pharmacology.The increasing public interest towards natural pharmacological compounds, alongwith propolis wide antimicrobial activity and synergy with antibiotics, giveadditional stimulus to propolis research.Portuguesepropolis has deserved little attention by the scientific community2,3making fundamental to study its chemical fingerprints and biologicalproperties. In this work, we present some of the results obtained forPortuguese propolis showing that it is likely to be an important source ofvaluable bioactivities: it confers antioxidant protection, has antigenotoxiceffects, displays broad antimicrobial activity, is cytotoxic against some humancarcinoma cells, has anti-inflammatory potential and exhibits phytotoxicityagainst in vitro flax plants. Such results not only confirmed some widely knownpropolis activities but also suggested new ones for Portuguese propolis,envisaging potential for several clinical, industrial and environmentalapplications as well as for its valorisation.Acknowledgments: To FEDER/COMPETE/POCI–Operational Competitiveness and Internationalization Programme, under ProjectPOCI-01-0145-FEDER-006958 and FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science andTechnology, under the project UID/AGR/04033/2013.
- Published
- 2018
45. Valuable Nutrients from Ulva rigida : Modulation by Seasonal and Cultivation Factors.
- Author
-
Queirós, Ana S., Circuncisão, Ana R., Pereira, Eduarda, Válega, Mónica, Abreu, Maria H., Silva, Artur M. S., and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
SEASONS ,ULVA ,DIETARY fiber ,NUTRITIONAL value ,FUNCTIONAL foods - Abstract
Ulva macroalgae species are recognized to be an underexploited source of key nutrients, including proteins, fibers and minerals. The present work evaluated the nutritional value protein, ash, mineral composition, fat, fatty acid profile and dietary fiber of the green macroalgae Ulva rigida produced in an open land-based integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system, over four seasons. Overall, protein and fat content of the farmed algae ranged between 7.6 and 25.8% DW and between 0.2 and 1.3% DW, respectively, reaching the highest levels during autumn/winter seasons. In turn, total dietary fiber and ashes showed a contrary seasonal tendency, reaching maximum levels in spring (40.9–58.3% DW and 25.5–38.8% DW, respectively). Notably, the latter were particularly characterized by their richness in potassium, magnesium and iron, and a sodium/potassium ratio bellow 1.7. Variable cultivation conditions of stocking density (Sd) and flow rate (Fr) were also tested, allowing to confirm that manipulation of cultivation conditions in an IMTA system may help to improve the nutritional value of this macroalga and to boost its market value through its use as a functional food ingredient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Phytochemicals of Salvia africana, Salvia elegans and Salvia officinalis 'Icterina'
- Author
-
Afonso, Andrea Luísa Fernandes, Pereira, Olívia R., Silva, Artur, and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
S. africana ,S. officinalis 'Icterina' ,Chemical characterization ,S. elegans ,Salvia species - Abstract
Salvia species are used worldwide for medicine purposes. In general, these medicinal plants have high amounts of flavonoids and phenolic acids that are generally accepted to be closely related to their health properties [1,2]. Albeit that, the phenolic composition of many Salvia species remains unclear. In this work, S. africana, S. elegans and S. officinalis 'Icterina' aqueous extracts were prepared by decoction and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector coupled to an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn), in order to identify their main phenolic constituents. The extracts from the three Salvia species were mainly rich in rosmarinic acid (UVmax 290, 328 nm) and in the flavone luteolin-O-glucuronide (MW 462; UVmax 250, 267, 345 nm). In addition to these two, danshensu, a caffeic acid derivative ([M-H]− at m/z 197→179, UVmax 280 nm), was detected in S. africana and S. officinalis 'Icterina', while lithospermic acid B ([M-H]− at m/z 717→ 519, 475, 537, UVmax 290, 337 nm) was found in S. elegans. In turn, the yunnaneic acid D ([M-H]− at m/z 539→297, 359, 179, UVmax 270 nm), 3′-O-(8″-Z-caffeoyl) rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid K (MW 556) were exclusively detected in S. africana, S. elegans and S. officinalis 'Icterina' extracts, respectively. Overall, this study contributed for the deepening of phytochemical knowledge of these three Salvia species. Thanks are due to University of Aveiro, FCT/MEC for the financial support to the QOPNA research Unit (FCT UID/QUI/00062/2013) and CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2013), through national funds and where applicable co-financed by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2017
47. Phytochemicals of Salvia africana and Salvia elegans and Salvia officinalis 'Icterina'
- Author
-
Afonso, Andrea Luísa Fernandes, Pereira, Olívia R., Silva, Artur, and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
S. africana ,S. officinalis 'Icterina' ,Chemical characterization ,S. elegans ,Salvia species - Abstract
Salvia species are used worldwide for medicine purposes. In general, these medicinal plants have high amounts of flavonoids and phenolic acids that are generally accepted to be closely related to their health properties [1,2]. Albeit that, the phenolic composition of many Salvia species remains unclear. In this work, S. africana, S. elegans and S. officinalis 'Icterina' aqueous extracts were prepared by decoction and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector coupled to an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn), in order to identify their main phenolic constituents. The extracts from the three Salvia species were mainly rich in rosmarinic acid (UVmax 290, 328 nm) and in the flavone luteolin-O-glucuronide (MW 462; UVmax 250, 267, 345 nm). In addition to these two, danshensu, a caffeic acid derivative ([M-H]− at m/z 197→179, UVmax 280 nm), was detected in S. africana and S. officinalis 'Icterina', while lithospermic acid B ([M-H]− at m/z 717→ 519, 475, 537, UVmax 290, 337 nm) was found in S. elegans. In turn, the yunnaneic acid D ([M-H]− at m/z 539→297, 359, 179, UVmax 270 nm), 3′-O-(8″-Z-caffeoyl) rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid K (MW 556) were exclusively detected in S. africana, S. elegans and S. officinalis 'Icterina' extracts, respectively. Overall, this study contributed for the deepening of phytochemical knowledge of these three Salvia species. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2017
48. Chemical characterization of three Thymus species: T. herba-barona, T. pseudolanuginosus and T. caespititius
- Author
-
Afonso, Andrea Luísa Fernandes, Pereira, Olívia R., Silva, Artur, and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
T. caespititius ,Chemical characterization ,T. pseudolanuginosus ,T. herba-barona ,Thymus - Abstract
The genus Thymus, belonging to Lamiaceae family, is rich in medicinal and aromatic species and well-known by several health promoting activities [1,2]. Despite this genus has been extensively studied, some species remain unexploited. In this study, Thymus herba-barona, Thymus pseudolanuginosus and Thymus caespititius decoctions were screened for their phenolic constituents by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn) operating in negative mode. The three aqueous extracts were rich in caffeic acid derivatives, mainly rosmarinic acid (MW 359) and its structural isomers, that accounted for 55.8 ± 2.8 mg/g in T. herba-barona and 40.2 ± 0.9 and 43.2 ± 3.2 mg/g in T. pseudolanuginosus and T. caespititius, respectively. In turn, other depsides were differently distributed in the three Thyme extracts: while dihydro-salvianolic acid B (MW 716 Da) and caffeoyl rosmarinic acid were particularly representative in T. herba-barona, salvianolic acids K ([M-H]− at m/z 555 493 359) and B ( [M-H]− at m/z 717 519 475) were found in moderate amounts in T. caespititius extract. On the other hand, T. pseudolanuginosus was clearly distinguished by its richness in the flavone luteolin-O-glucuronide ([M − H]− at m/z 461→285). Overall, this work is an important contribution for the phytochemical characterization of these three Thymus species, which are poorly explored. Thanks are due to University of Aveiro, FCT/MEC for the financial support to the QOPNA research Unit (FCT UID/QUI/00062/2013) and CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2013), through national funds and where applicable co-financed by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2017
49. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of three thymus species plants
- Author
-
Afonso, Andrea Luísa Fernandes, Pereira, Olívia R., and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
Lamiaceae ,Antioxidant activity ,Phenolic compounds ,Thymus - Abstract
Thymus plants comprise distinct species with claimed health properties [1], commonly associated to their essential oils and phenolic compounds. Albeit that, the phenolic composition and the biological activities of many Thymus species remain unclear. This work aimed to elucidate the phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts from Thymus herba barona, Thymus caespetitus and Thymus fragrantissimus. The aqueous extracts of the three Thymus species were evaluated for their total phenolic compounds by an adaptation of the Folin-Ciocalteu method [2], and individual phenolic compounds were identified by high performance liquid chromatography associated with electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn) in the negative mode. The antioxidant activity of each extract was carried out by DPPH● scavenging assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays [3]. Total phenolic compounds in the three extracts ranged from 236±27 (T. caespetitus) to 273±17 μg GAE/mg (T. fragrantissimus). Similarly to other Thymus species [1,4], these extracts were rich in caffeic acid derivatives (characteristic UV spectra maxima at 290 and 328 nm) and mainly composed of rosmarinic acid (MW 360). Other caffeic acid derivatives included salvianolic acid K (MW 556) and 3′-O-(8″-Z-caffeoyl)rosmarinic acid (MW 538). High amounts of the flavone luteolin-O-glucuronide ([M-H]− at m/z 461→285) were found in T. caespetitus while the others species contained moderate amounts of this compound. T. herba barona, T. caespetitus and T. fragrantissimus extracts showed high DPPH radical scavenge ability (EC50 values 11.6±0.9, 13.8±0.6 and 10.9±1.2 μg/mL respectively), as well as high reducing power (EC50 values of 35.1±4.5, 39.3±2.7 and 32.4±4.3 μg/mL, respectively), that were comparable to those of reference compounds. This work is an important contribution for the phytochemical characterization and the antioxidant capacity of these three Thymus species.
- Published
- 2016
50. Phenolic composition of four sage species: salvia farinacea, salvia mexico, salvia greggii and salvia officinalis
- Author
-
Pereira, Olívia R., Afonso, Andrea Luísa Fernandes, and Cardoso, Susana M.
- Subjects
Phenolic characterization ,Lamiaceae ,Salvia ,Caffeic acid derivatives - Abstract
Salvia species are used worldwide for medicine purposes. In general, these medicinal plants have high amounts of flavonoids and phenolic acids, that are thought to be closely related to their health properties [1,2]. In this work, the aerial parts of Salvia farinacea, Salvia mexico, Salvia greggii and Salvia officinalis were extracted with hot water [3]. Extracts were evaluated for their total phenolic content by an adaptation of the Folin-Ciocalteu method and further analysed by high performance liquid chromatography associated with electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn) in the negative ion mode [4], in order to identify their individual phenolic constituents. The aqueous extracts of S. farinacea, S. mexico, S. officinalis and S. greggii contained, respectively, 106±13, 159±38, 175±46 and 136±1 μg GAE/mg of total phenolics. These four species were characterized by a clear prevalence of caffeic acid derivatives, in particular of rosmarinic acid (MW 360), that is generally the most abundant phenolic compound in Salvia species [2,3]. In addition, S. mexico and S. officinalis contained moderate amounts of salvianolic acid B (MW 718). Among these two, S. mexico was richer in O-caffeoylquinic acid (MW 354), while the latter presented high amounts of salvianolic acid K (MW 556) and moderate amounts of its structural isomer. All the extracts were enriched in flavones: S. farinacea and S. officinalis contained high amounts of luteolin-O-glucuronide while S. mexico contained luteolin-C-glucoside with respective characteristic mass spectrometry fragmentation pattern m/z at 461→285 and m/z at 447→357, 327. Similarly, S. greggii extract presented high content of luteolin-7-O-glucoside ([M-H]− at m/z 447→ 285) and luteolin-C-glucoside and moderate quantities of apigenin-C-hexoside ([M-H]− at m/z 431→341, 311). Further studies are being undertaken in order to understand the contribution of these phenolic constituents in the biological activities of Salvia plants.
- Published
- 2016
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