26,621 results
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2. Review Paper. Recent Advances in Ecosystem-Atmosphere Interactions: An Ecological Perspective
- Author
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Moorcroft, P. R.
- Published
- 2003
3. PAPERS OF NOTE
- Published
- 2010
4. Index of Papers and Monographs Published, 1935-1956
- Published
- 1956
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. THE STERN REVIEW "OXONIA PAPERS": A Critique
- Author
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Byatt, Ian, Castles, Ian, Henderson, David, Lawson, Nigel, McKitrick, Ross, Morris, Julian, Peacock, Alan, Robinson, Colin, and Skidelsky, Robert
- Published
- 2006
6. Madness in Our Method. A Comment on Jackofsky and Slocum's Paper, 'A Longitudinal Study of Climates'
- Author
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Payne, Roy
- Published
- 1990
7. Abstracts of Papers Presented at the 50th Anniversary Meeting of the Association of American Geographers, held at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 1954
- Published
- 1954
8. A Review of Papers on Meteorology and Climatology Published by the American Philosophical Society Prior to the Twentieth Century
- Author
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Humphreys, William J.
- Published
- 1942
9. Public trust and mistrust of climate science: A meta-narrative review.
- Author
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Fage-Butler, Antoinette, Ledderer, Loni, and Nielsen, Kristian Hvidtfelt
- Subjects
TRUST ,CLIMATOLOGY ,SUSPICION ,SCIENTIFIC community ,SCIENCE publishing - Abstract
This systematic meta-narrative literature review aims to explore the narratives of trust evident in literature on public (mis)trust relating to climate science published up until May 2021, and to present the main findings from these papers. We identified six narratives of trust: attitudinal trust, cognitive trust, affective trust, contingencies of trust, contextual trust and communicated trust. The papers' main findings spanned theoretical conclusions on the importance of positionality to trust and morality to trustworthiness, to qualitative findings that the scientific community was mainly trusted, to quantitative findings that explored how trust functioned as an independent, dependent or mediating variable. This literature review sheds important light on the interrelationship between climate science and publics, highlights areas for further research, and in its characterisation of trust narratives provides a language for conceptualising trust that can further interdisciplinary engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The Carbon Footprint of Conference Papers.
- Author
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Spinellis, Diomidis and Louridas, Panos
- Subjects
- *
ECOLOGICAL impact , *CONFERENCE papers , *ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis , *SOCIAL impact , *CLIMATE change , *ENVIRONMENTAL economics , *ECONOMIC policy - Abstract
The action required to stem the environmental and social implications of climate change depends crucially on how humankind shapes technology, economy, lifestyle and policy. With transport CO2 emissions accounting for about a quarter of the total, we examine the contribution of CO2 output by scientific travel. Thankfully for the reputation of the scientific community, CO2 emissions associated with the trips required to present a paper at a scientific conference account for just 0.003% of the yearly total. However, with CO2 emissions for a single conference trip amounting to 7% of an average individual’s total CO2 emissions, scientists should lead by example by demonstrating leadership in addressing the issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Scientists Shower Climate Change Delegates with Paper
- Author
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Pickrell, John
- Published
- 2001
12. The need for Pan‐European automatic pollen and fungal spore monitoring: A stakeholder workshop position paper.
- Author
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Tummon, Fiona, Arboledas, Lucas Alados, Bonini, Maira, Guinot, Benjamin, Hicke, Martin, Jacob, Christophe, Kendrovski, Vladimir, McCairns, William, Petermann, Eric, Peuch, Vincent‐Henri, Pfaar, Oliver, Sicard, Michaël, Sikoparija, Branko, and Clot, Bernard
- Subjects
- *
FUNGAL spores , *POLLEN , *CLIMATOLOGY , *ENVIRONMENTAL management , *UNITS of measurement - Abstract
Background: Information about airborne pollen concentrations is required by a range of end users, particularly from the health sector who use both observations and forecasts to diagnose and treat allergic patients. Manual methods are the standard for such measurements but, despite the range of pollen taxa that can be identified, these techniques suffer from a range of drawbacks. This includes being available at low temporal resolution (usually daily averages) and with a delay (usually 3–9 days from the measurement). Recent technological developments have made possible automatic pollen measurements, which are available at high temporal resolution and in real time, although currently only scattered in a few locations across Europe. Materials & Methods: To promote the development of an extensive network across Europe and to ensure that this network will respond to end user needs, a stakeholder workshop was organised under the auspices of the EUMETNET AutoPollen Programme. Participants discussed requirements for the groups they represented, ranging from the need for information at various spatial scales, at high temporal resolution, and for targeted services to be developed. Results: The provision of real‐time information is likely to lead to a notable decrease in the direct and indirect health costs associated with allergy in Europe, currently estimated between €50–150 billion/year.1 Discussion & Conclusion: A European measurement network to meet end user requirements would thus more than pay for itself in terms of potential annual savings and provide significant impetus to research across a range of disciplines from climate science and public health to agriculture and environmental management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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13. Summary of Papers on the History of Atmospheric Science Presented at the History of Science Society Meeting, 29 October to 1 November 1987, Raleigh, North Carolina
- Author
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Fleming, James R.
- Published
- 1988
14. SCIENTIFIC PAPERS AND DISCUSSIONS: NEW YORK MEETING (Continued)
- Published
- 1929
15. PAPERS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN GEOGRAPHERS MEETING
- Published
- 1929
16. Papers Offered in Celebration of the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of the American Meteorological Society (Continued)
- Author
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Brooks, C. F., Patterson, J., Woolard, E. W., Woolard, Edgar W., Thomson, Andrew, Hand, I. F., McDonald, W. F., Mattice, W. A., Little, D. M., Bernard, Merrill, Anderson, J. B., Weightman, R. H., and Willett, H. C.
- Published
- 1945
17. Making and Meeting Online: A White Paper on E-Conferences, Workshops, and Other Experiments in Low-Carbon Research Exchange
- Author
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Pasek, Anne, Roehl, Emily, and Wellum, Caleb
- Subjects
Climatology ,Education, Higher ,Multimedia (Art) ,Knowledge, Sociology of ,Weather - Abstract
Academics fly a lot: to research sites and archives, to conferences and workshops. Yet flying has many negative repercussions. Air travel has disproportionate climate impacts, and for reasons of time, money, and border security, produces many barriers for marginalized scholars, shaping who is able shows up at conferences and thus, who participates in the conversations that define a community of study. Forms of knowledge exchange that do not depend on aviation are thus urgently needed. E-conferences offer on such possibility. As scholars of media and energy, and as e-conference organizers and participants ourselves, we wrote this white paper to highlight what’s worked in the past, what hazards lie ahead for the future, and what potential gains could be won in the present. We hope our words will be useful to small conference organizers and professional associations alike. Our aim is not to end in-person meetings but rather to foster effective low-carbon alternatives that can help reduce the amount of travel necessary to participate in global knowledge communities. Meeting together in person is invaluable, but we can augment it with effective alternatives through critical reflection and smart design choices. We aim to spark further reflections and innovations in collaborative experiments in digital research exchange - or even other forms of scholarly community. We hope such experimentation continues long after the pandemic is over, and that its effects will shape the university for the better.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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18. A-disciplinary considerations of two networks of local climate energy initiatives: Paper part of the Special issue entitled: "Unlocking Energies, Unpacking the Entanglements and Temporalities of Local Initiatives".
- Author
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Buschmann, Pia, Moser, Peter, Nadaï, Alain, and Régnier, Yannick
- Subjects
- *
RURAL geography , *CLIMATOLOGY , *ENERGY policy - Abstract
In France and Germany, significant networks of local initiatives have developed around energy issues. This article brings practitioners' viewpoints into discussion. It presents the way in which two of these networks – the CLER-network for the energy transition (France) and the 100% – Regions network (Germany) – each identifies itself, describes its action and build-up process in relation to government action, and conceives of justice issues in the field of climate energy policy. The analysis shows that these two networks share a lot, including political ends (localisation of energy production, empowerment of rural territories), but practice quite differently as intermediaries for local initiatives. This suggests overcoming the transition management vs grassroots divide present in the literature and paying more attention to hybrids. It also brings emphasis on a type of intermediary's work, which has not been covered by the academic literature, namely that of tinkering with multiple supports and embedding action in local-national-supranational networking in order to maintain continuity. In discussing justice dimensions, we emphasize that motives or ends of action are only reflectively related to ideas of justice: justice issues seem bound up with a politics of assembling, either as a marker of federative action (all fighting for justice) or as a potentially divisive issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. The effect of pulp refining on lateral and transverse moisture diffusion in paper.
- Author
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Massoquete, Ademilson, Lavrykov, Sergei A., Ramarao, Bandaru V., Goel, Ankur, and Ramaswamy, Shri
- Subjects
MOISTURE ,DIFFUSION ,HUMIDITY ,METEOROLOGY ,WEATHER ,MILLS & mill-work ,RAINFALL ,MANUFACTURING processes ,CLIMATOLOGY - Abstract
Moisture diffuses through the pore space and the fiber matrix in paper materials. The diffusivity through paper increases strongly with moisture content. We measured the moisture diffusivity of handsheets made of refined bleached kraft pulp at various relative humidity conditions. I Steady state moisture fluxes were measured and diffusivities in the lateral (x-y) and in the transverse (z} directions were calculated. The lateral diffusivity was found to be higher than the transverse diffusivity for all the samples and the effective moisture diffusivities depended strongly on the moisture content. Application: The information in this report may help mills predict the rate of moisture transport into rolls and sheets under varying humidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
20. Capital vintage and climate change policies: the case of US pulp and paper.
- Author
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Davidsdottir, Brynhildur and Ruth, Matthias
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,AIR pollution ,ENERGY consumption ,CLIMATOLOGY ,ENERGY policy - Abstract
The climate change policy debate and ensuing discussions about industrial energy use and carbon emissions have highlighted the need to: (a) aggregate engineering information to a level relevant for economic policy analysis while maintaining sufficient detail so that results are meaningful for industry decision makers, (b) properly represent an industry’s capital vintage structure to better understand inertia associated with changes in aggregate industrial emissions profiles, and (c) identify policy instruments that leverage an industry’s potential for technological change such that carbon emissions can be noticeably reduced. This paper presents an econometric analysis of energy use and emissions profiles of the US Pulp and Paper Industry and uses the resulting set of equations to specify a dynamic model for the analysis of select climate change policies. Scenarios of cost of carbon, energy tax, and investment-led policies indicate that a combination of cost of carbon and investment-led policies can achieve the desired result of rapidly improving overall efficiency of the industry and promoting changes in fuel mix, which together can result in drastic reductions of carbon emissions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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21. Global and regional carbon budget for 2015–2020 inferred from OCO-2 based on an ensemble Kalman filter coupled with GEOS-Chem.
- Author
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Kong, Yawen, Zheng, Bo, Zhang, Qiang, and He, Kebin
- Subjects
KALMAN filtering ,INVERSION (Geophysics) ,CARBON cycle ,ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide ,SURFACE of the earth ,CLIMATOLOGY ,CARBON paper - Abstract
Understanding carbon sources and sinks across the Earth's surface is fundamental in climate science and policy; thus, these topics have been extensively studied but have yet to be fully resolved and are associated with massive debate regarding the sign and magnitude of the carbon budget from global to regional scales. Developing new models and estimates based on state-of-the-art algorithms and data constraints can provide valuable knowledge and contribute to a final ensemble model in which various optimal carbon budget estimates are integrated, such as the annual global carbon budget paper. Here, we develop a new atmospheric inversion system based on the 4D local ensemble transform Kalman filter (4D-LETKF) coupled with the GEOS-Chem global transport model to infer surface-to-atmosphere net carbon fluxes from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) V10r XCO 2 retrievals. The 4D-LETKF algorithm is adapted to an OCO-2-based global carbon inversion system for the first time in this work. On average, the mean annual terrestrial and oceanic fluxes between 2015 and 2020 are estimated as - 2.02 and - 2.34 GtC yr -1 , respectively, compensating for 21 % and 24 %, respectively, of global fossil carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions (9.80 GtC yr -1). Our inversion results agree with the CO 2 atmospheric growth rates reported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and reduce the modeled CO 2 concentration biases relative to the prior fluxes against surface and aircraft measurements. Our inversion-based carbon fluxes are broadly consistent with those provided by other global atmospheric inversion models, although discrepancies still occur in the land–ocean flux partitioning schemes and seasonal flux amplitudes over boreal and tropical regions, possibly due to the sparse observational constraints of the OCO-2 satellite and the divergent prior fluxes used in different inversion models. Four sensitivity experiments are performed herein to vary the prior fluxes and uncertainties in our inversion system, suggesting that regions that lack OCO-2 coverage are sensitive to the priors, especially over the tropics and high latitudes. In the further development of our inversion system, we will optimize the data-assimilation configuration to fully utilize current observations and increase the spatial and seasonal representativeness of the prior fluxes over regions that lack observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Metal protection by anticorrosion papers in humid tropical climate.
- Author
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Ivonin, V., Khan’, Chin, Tien, T’y, Kuznetsov, Yu., Andreev, N., Lavrinova, N., and Karpov, V.
- Subjects
METALS ,CORROSION & anti-corrosives ,NONFERROUS metals ,CLIMATOLOGY ,ALUMINUM - Abstract
Results of 3-year full-scale field climatic tests on application of five types of inhibiting papers for anticorrosion protection of ferrous and nonferrous metals during storage in a humid tropical climate have been carried out by the Joint Russian and Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technology Center and presented here. It has been shown that the inhibiting paper IPCAS-118 can be recommended for anticorrosion protection of equipment made of steel, copper, and aluminum during 3-year storage in sheds in humid tropical climate conditions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Ubiquitous conformable systems for imperceptible computing
- Author
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Fernandez, Sara V., Sadat, David, Tasnim, Farita, Acosta, Daniel, Schwendeman, Laura, Shahsavari, Shirin, and Dagdeviren, Canan
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Creating a paper trail.
- Author
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Armitage, James
- Subjects
WEATHER ,CLIMATOLOGY ,PLANTS - Published
- 2023
25. A methodological critique on using temperature-conditioned resampling for climate projections as in the paper of Gerstengarbe et al. (2013) winter storm- and summer thunderstorm-related loss events in Theoretical and Applied Climatology (TAC).
- Author
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Wechsung, Frank and Wechsung, Maximilian
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATOLOGY , *GLOBAL warming , *TEMPERATURE , *WINTER , *GENERAL circulation model - Abstract
The STatistical Analogue Resampling Scheme (STARS) statistical approach was recently used to project changes of climate variables in Germany corresponding to a supposed degree of warming. We show by theoretical and empirical analysis that STARS simply transforms interannual gradients between warmer and cooler seasons into climate trends. According to STARS projections, summers in Germany will inevitably become dryer and winters wetter under global warming. Due to the dominance of negative interannual correlations between precipitation and temperature during the year, STARS has a tendency to generate a net annual decrease in precipitation under mean German conditions. Furthermore, according to STARS, the annual level of global radiation would increase in Germany. STARS can be still used, e.g., for generating scenarios in vulnerability and uncertainty studies. However, it is not suitable as a climate downscaling tool to access risks following from changing climate for a finer than general circulation model (GCM) spatial scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. How sensitive are US hurricane damages to climate? Comment on a paper by W.D. Nordhaus
- Author
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Laurens M. Bouwer, W. J. Wouter Botzen, Spatial analysis & Decision Support, and Environmental Economics
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Global and Planetary Change ,Climate change ,Data series ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Future climate ,Wind speed ,Climate change, hurricanes, damage, risk, uncertainty, USA ,Climatology ,Statistical analyses ,Hurricane Severity Index ,Damages ,SDG 13 - Climate Action ,Environmental science ,Economic impact analysis - Abstract
An article by William D. Nordhaus (2010) in this journal examined the economic impacts by hurricanes in the USA, and the potential impacts of climate change on future hurricane damages. His analyses show that hurricane damages normalized over time for changes in GDP have increased significantly since the year 1900, at a rate of about 3.1% per year. Moreover, the results of Nordhaus show that hurricane damages increase with the ninth power of maximum wind speed, which is considerably higher than findings of other studies. We perform similar statistical analyses with different data series of hurricane damage, which are more accurately corrected for changes in exposure of assets over time. Our results do not indicate an upward trend in hurricane losses since 1900, which is in line with earlier studies, and indicates that climate change has not increased hurricane damage in the past. Moreover, although the relation between damage and maximum wind speed appears to be considerably higher than assumed by other studies, this elasticity is more likely to be the eighth-power of maximum wind speed. This finding is relevant since it implies that future climate change impacts on hurricane damage may be considerably lower than Nordhaus indicates.
- Published
- 2011
27. Impacts of climate change on the seasonality of low flows in 134 catchments in the river Rhine basin using an ensemble of bias-corrected regional climate simulations. Discussion paper
- Author
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Arjen Ysbert Hoekstra, Mehmet C. Demirel, Martijn J. Booij, Water Management, and Faculty of Engineering Technology
- Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350 ,lcsh:T ,IR-87510 ,IR-86166 ,lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Climate change ,Forcing (mathematics) ,Seasonality ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Technology ,lcsh:TD1-1066 ,Current (stream) ,lcsh:G ,Greenhouse gas ,Climatology ,medicine ,Environmental science ,METIS-296552 ,Climate model ,Predictability ,lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,Rhine basin ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,METIS-298215 - Abstract
The impacts of climate change on the seasonality of low flows were analysed for 134 sub-catchments covering the River Rhine basin upstream of the Dutch-German border. Three seasonality indices for low flows were estimated, namely the seasonality ratio (SR), weighted mean occurrence day (WMOD) and weighted persistence (WP). These indices are related to the discharge regime, timing and variability in timing of low flow events respectively. The three indices were estimated from: (1) observed low flows; (2) simulated low flows by the semi-distributed HBV model using observed climate as input; (3) simulated low flows using simulated inputs from seven combinations of General Circulation Models (GCMs) and Regional Climate Models (RCMs) for the current climate (1964–2007); (4) simulated low flows using simulated inputs from seven combinations of GCMs and RCMs for the future climate (2063–2098) including three different greenhouse gas emission scenarios. These four cases were compared to assess the effects of the hydrological model, forcing by different climate models and different emission scenarios on the three indices. Significant differences were found between cases 1 and 2. For instance, the HBV model is prone to overestimate SR and to underestimate WP and simulates very late WMODs compared to the estimated WMODs using observed discharges. Comparing the results of cases 2 and 3, the smallest difference was found for the SR index, whereas large differences were found for the WMOD and WP indices for the current climate. Finally, comparing the results of cases 3 and 4, we found that SR decreases substantially by 2063–2098 in all seven sub-basins of the River Rhine. The lower values of SR for the future climate indicate a shift from winter low flows (SR > 1) to summer low flows (SR < 1) in the two Alpine sub-basins. The WMODs of low flows tend to be earlier than for the current climate in all sub-basins except for the Middle Rhine and Lower Rhine sub-basins. The WP values are slightly larger, showing that the predictability of low flow events increases as the variability in timing decreases for the future climate. From comparison of the error sources evaluated in this study, it is obvious that different RCMs/GCMs have a larger influence on the timing of low flows than different emission scenarios. Finally, this study complements recent analyses of an international project (Rhineblick) by analysing the seasonality aspects of low flows and extends the scope further to understand the effects of hydrological model errors and climate change on three important low flow seasonality properties: regime, timing and persistence.
- Published
- 2013
28. Comparison of ozone retrievals from the Pandora spectrometer system and Dobson spectrophotometer in Boulder, Colorado.
- Author
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Herman, J., Evans, R., Cede, A., Abuhassan, N., Petropavlovskikh, I., and McConville, G.
- Subjects
OZONE ,SPECTROPHOTOMETERS ,CLIMATOLOGY ,TEMPERATURE ,ATMOSPHERIC ozone - Abstract
A comparison of retrieved total column ozone amounts TCO between the Pandora #34 spectrometer system and the Dobson #061 spectrophotometer from direct-sun observations was performed on the roof of the Boulder, Colorado NOAA building. This paper, part of an ongoing study, covers a one-year period starting on 17 December 2013. Both the standard Dobson and Pandora total column ozone TCO retrievals required a correction TCOcorr=TCO (1+C(T )) using the effective climatology derived ozone temperature T to remove a seasonal difference caused by using a fixed temperature in each retrieval algorithm. The respective corrections C(T ) are C
Pandora = 0.00333(T-225) and CDobson = -0.0013(T-226.7) per K. After the applied corrections removed the seasonal retrieval dependence on ozone temperature, TCO agreement between the instruments was within 1% for clear-sky conditions. For clear-sky observations, both co-located instruments tracked the day-to-day variation in total column ozone amounts with a correlation of r² = 0.97 and an average offset of 1.1±5.8 DU. In addition, the Pandora data showed 0.3% annual average agreement with satellite overpass data from AURA/OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) and 1% annual average offset with Suomi-NPP/OMPS (Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership, the nadir viewing portion of the Ozone Mapper Profiler Suite). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Paper use in research ethics applications and study conduct.
- Author
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Chakladar, Abhijoy, Eckstein, Sue, and White, Stuart M.
- Subjects
- *
EQUIPMENT & supplies , *CLIMATOLOGY , *CONSERVATION of natural resources , *COST control , *MEDICAL ethics , *MEDICAL research , *WASTE recycling , *ECONOMICS - Abstract
Application for Research Ethics Committee (REC) approval and the conduct of medical research is paper intensive. This retrospective study examined all applications to a single REC in the south of England over one year. It estimated the mass of paper used, comparing the proportional paper consumption of different trial types and during different stages of the research process, quantifying the consumption in terms of carbon dioxide emissions. In 2009, 68 trials were submitted to the REC. Total paper consumption for the REC process and study conduct was 176,150 sheets of A4 paper (879 kg), equivalent to an estimated 11.5 million sheets (88 tonnes, 2,100 trees) a year for the UK; the REC process accounted for 26.4%. REC applications and the conduct of approved trials generate considerable environmental impact through paper consumption contributing to the NHS's carbon footprint. Paper use might be reduced through the implementation of digital technologies and revised research methods, namely changing attitudes in both researchers and ethics committees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Edward N Lorenz’s 1963 paper, “Deterministic nonperiodic flow”, in Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol 20, pages 130–141: Its history and relevance to physical geography.
- Author
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Resler, Lynn M.
- Subjects
- *
ATMOSPHERIC sciences , *PHYSICAL geography , *CHAOS theory , *METEOROLOGY , *CLIMATOLOGY - Abstract
Lorenz (1963) provided the foundation of chaos theory and inspired a fundamental reappraisal of systems’ nonlinearity in many disciplines, including physical geography. I will provide a brief overview of chaos in nonlinear systems as documented in Lorenz (1963), including the major tenants of chaos theory, followed by a discussion of the effects of chaos theory within meteorology and climate sciences, geomorphology, and ecology and biogeography. In general, Lorenz (1963) provided the intellectual framework for reconsidering the predictability of many physical systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Working at Home Means Softer Toilet Paper -- and a Climate Toll.
- Author
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Porter Jr., Gerald
- Subjects
TOILET paper ,TELECOMMUTING ,CLIMATOLOGY ,TOLLS - Abstract
(Bloomberg) -- With Americans spending a lot of time at home these days, more money is being spent on soft toilet paper. "Complex Challenges" Kimberly-Clark has committed to reducing the use of virgin wood fiber from natural forests in its tissue products by 50% by 2025, said Terry Balluck, a company spokesperson. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2020
32. Paper 3: Impact of the Indoor Climate on the Performance of Building Materials Contaminated with Salt Mixtures.
- Author
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De Clercq, Hilde, Godts, Sebastiaan, and Hayen, Roald
- Subjects
- *
CONSTRUCTION materials , *SALTS , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations , *CLIMATOLOGY , *ARCHITECTURE - Abstract
Archaeological sites are essentially submitted to decay phenomena inherent on their history as well as the environment to which they are exposed after excavation. The history of such archaeological sites is particularly related to their long-term underground conservation conditions during which they were subject to salt migration into the architectural remains. It is well known that soluble salts present in building materials can cause damage, mainly by producing stresses in the substrate. A lot of research has been done in the past concerning the behaviour of salts in built constructions. However, most studies include single salts, of which the deliquescence points are well documented, while in situ one mostly finds complex salt mixtures, which makes the conservation strategy much more intricate. The environmental conditions to minimize damage of salt-laden porous building materials can be modelled using a computer program ECOS capable of predicting the crystallization behaviour of salt mixtures. To use the model data of quantitative salt analyses are required as input. The program is then able to predict from a thermodynamic point of view which minerals will exist in the solid state under specified climatic conditions. This paper deals with the results of a systematic investigation of the salt contamination of the building materials of the Coudenberg site and a prediction of the behaviour of the salt mixture related to the actual climate, as part of the environmental assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Arguing for climate policy through the linguistic construction of narratives and voices: the case of the South-African green paper 'National Climate Change Response'.
- Author
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Fløttum, Kjersti and Gjerstad, Øyvind
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATOLOGY , *CLIMATE change , *ADVERBS (Grammar) , *LANGUAGE & languages , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The purpose of the present paper is to examine a selection of macro- and micro-linguistic features (at text and sentence/word level respectively) of the South-African Green Paper 'National Climate Change Response' from 2010. Our overarching assumption is that the Green Paper needs to handle competing interests, beliefs and voices in a narrative structure favouring specific courses of action. How does the government portray the complex natural and societal phenomenon of climate change, and how does it take into account the many and often competing national and international views and interests which come into play? Our hypothesis is that the Green Paper constructs a narrative and that it relates to a number of voices other than that of the authors, through linguistic markers of polyphony, such as negation, sentence connectives, adverbs and reported speech. Thus we propose a narrative and polyphonic analysis of the Green Paper, at the level of the text as a whole (macro-level) but also with attention to linguistic constructions of polyphony or 'multi-voicedness' (micro-level). We find that the narrative-polyphonic properties of the Green Paper contribute to a strategy for building consensus on climate change policy. The South African government assumes the role of main hero in its own climate change 'story', and there are subtle forms of interaction with different and typically non-identified voices, such as concessive constructions and presuppositions. These results support our overarching interpretation of the whole document as striving to impose a South African consensus on the issue of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The Petroleum Papers.
- Author
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Shanahan, Ian
- Subjects
PETROLEUM ,CLIMATOLOGY ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,INVESTIGATIVE reporting - Published
- 2023
35. Comment on the paper ‘Impact of volcanic eruptions on the environment and climatic conditions in the area of Poland (Central Europe)’ by A. Gałaś.
- Author
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Brauer, Achim, Wulf, Sabine, Ott, Florian, Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław, and Słowiński, Michał
- Subjects
- *
VOLCANIC eruptions , *CLIMATOLOGY , *LAKE sediments , *VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc. - Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. A paper trail of evaluation approaches to energy and climate policy interactions.
- Author
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Spyridaki, N.-A. and Flamos, A.
- Subjects
- *
RENEWABLE energy industry , *CLIMATOLOGY , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *NUMERICAL analysis , *DATA analysis , *QUANTITATIVE research - Abstract
Focal point of this review is to provide a comparative display of qualitative and quantitative methodologies employed for the appraisal of interacting energy and climate policies, underlying their key features while presenting the most critical issues and limitations not addressed so far. Qualitative approaches provide a descriptive explanatory analysis of often non-quantifiable process in policy interactions, whereas modeling approaches provide numerical data estimating the extent of policy interaction impacts. Quantitative methods work best for narrowly specified policy combinations, while contextual implications and cause-impact effects are explained further via qualitative ones. In addition most evaluations so far adopt a rational view of policies and policy interactions leaving out a systemic evaluation of the institutionalism of interacting policies. Research analysis of energy and climate policy interactions is still young in comparison to the broad field of policy evaluation and impact assessment. However infants inherently tend to grow. Endeavors for a methodological framework that would allow for a systematic exchange of data between qualitative and quantitative approaches and would also include the relevance of the context as well as key casual relationships behind policy combinations, would provide the basis for further growth of knowledge in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The Carbon Footprint of Conference Papers
- Author
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Diomidis Spinellis and Panos Louridas
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Natural resource economics ,Science Policy ,Economics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Climate Change ,Science ,Climate change ,lcsh:Medicine ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,Science education ,Science Policy and Economics ,Geoinformatics ,Medicine ,Environmental Systems Modeling ,lcsh:Science ,Biology ,media_common ,Carbon Footprint ,Climatology ,Travel ,Multidisciplinary ,Ecology ,business.industry ,Global warming ,lcsh:R ,Bioethics ,Carbon Dioxide ,Congresses as Topic ,Quarter (United States coin) ,Bibliometrics ,Computer Science ,Carbon footprint ,Earth Sciences ,Workforce ,TRIPS architecture ,Science policy ,lcsh:Q ,Environmental Economics ,business ,Environmental Protection ,Environmental Sciences ,Reputation ,Research Article ,Climate Modeling - Abstract
The action required to stem the environmental and social implications of climate change depends crucially on how humankind shapes technology, economy, lifestyle and policy. With transport CO2 emissions accounting for about a quarter of the total, we examine the contribution of CO2 output by scientific travel. Thankfully for the reputation of the scientific community, CO2 emissions associated with the trips required to present a paper at a scientific conference account for just 0.003% of the yearly total. However, with CO2 emissions for a single conference trip amounting to 7% of an average individual’s total CO2 emissions, scientists should lead by example by demonstrating leadership in addressing the issue.
- Published
- 2013
38. Back to Bali: the effectiveness of using microclimates during a loan of artworks on paper between the Netherlands and Indonesia.
- Author
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Scott, Graeme, Fekrsanati, Farideh, MacKinnon, Fiona, Reuss, Margrit, and von Waldthausen, Clara
- Subjects
- *
FRAMING (Building) , *SEALING (Technology) , *DATA loggers , *CLIMATOLOGY , *STRUCTURAL health monitoring - Abstract
Sixty-two paintings, most of which were on paper, by Balinese artists, were sent on loan to Museum Puri Lukisan in Ubud, Bali, which had been set up in 1956 with help from the collector of the works, the Dutch artist Rudolf Bonnet. The exhibition travelled from Bali to Jakarta. The museum building on Bali had no climate control; so the paintings were sealed in simple, unmodified frames in an unobtrusive manner. Conditions inside and outside the sealed packages were recorded throughout the loan using tiny electronic dataloggers developed for testing within food and drugs packaging. The project demonstrated that relatively simple and inexpensive techniques proved highly effective in protecting the works from warm and humid tropical conditions. Resume «Retour a Bali: l'efficacite de l'utilisation de micro-climats au cours d'un pret d'œuvres sur papier entre les Pays-Bas et l'Indonesie» Soixante deux peintures, dont la plupart realisees sur papier par des artistes de Bali, furent envoyees en pret au musee Puri Lukisan in Ubud de Bali, qui avait ete cree en 1956 avec l'aide d'un collectionneur d'œuvres, l'artiste hollandais Rudolf Bonnet. L'exposition a voyage de Bali a Jakarta. Le batiment du musee de Bali n'avait pas de systeme de controle du climat; les peintures ont donc ete scellees d'une facon discrete dans de simples cadres sans qu'on ait eu a les modifier. Les conditions a l'interieur et a l'exterieur des paquets scelles ont ete enregistrees tout au long du pret en utilisant de petits capteurs electroniques mis au point pour evaluer les emballages de denrees alimentaires et de medicaments. Le projet a demontre que des techniques relativement simples et peu couteuses s'averent tres efficaces dans la protection des œuvres dans un climat tropical chaud et humide. Zusammenfassung „Zuruck nach Bali: Die Effektivitat von Mikroklimaten wahrend einer Leihgabe von Kunst auf Papier aus den Niederlanden nach Indonesien” 62 Gemalde von balinesischer Kunstler, die meisten auf einem Papiertrager, wurden an das Museum Puri Lukisan in Ubud, Bali, verliehen. Diese Museum war 1956 mit Hilfe des Sammlers der Gemalde, dem niederlandischen Kunstler Rudolf Bonnet, aufgebaut worden. Die Ausstellung reiste von Bali nach Jakarta. Das Museumsgebaude auf Bali hatte keine Moglichkeit der Klimakontrolle und so wurden die Gemalde in einfachen, unmodifizierten Rahmen gerahmt. Die Bedingungen innerhalb und ausserhalb der versiegelten Pakete wurden wahrend des gesamten Verleihs mit winzigen elektronischen Dataloggern gespeichert, die fur Test von Nahrungsmitteln und medizinischen Verpackungen entwickelt wurden. Das Projekt zeigte, wie relativ einfache und billige Methoden sich als sehr effektiv erwiesen, um die Werke von den feuchtwarmen tropischen Bedingungen zu schutzen. Resumen “Regreso a Bali: la efectividad en el uso de microclimas durante el prestamo de obras de arte sobre papel entre Holanda e Indonesia” Sesenta y dos pinturas, la mayoria de ellas sobre papel, de artistas balineses, fueron enviadas bajo prestamo al museo Puri Lukisan en Ubud, Bali, que en 1956 habian sido instaladas con la ayuda del coleccionista de los trabajos, el artista holandes Rudolf Bonnet. La exposicion viajo desde Bali a Yacarta. El edificio del museo en Bali no tenia control climatico; por tanto las pinturas fueron selladas en marcos sencillos de la manera menos intrusiva. Se registraron durante todo el proceso las condiciones dentro y fuera del embalaje usando unos minusculos medidores electronicos desarrollados para testar comida o droga empaquetada. El proyecto demostro que unas tecnicas relativamente simples y baratas eran muy efectivas en la proteccion de las obras de las condiciones de calor y humedad tropical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Special issue on the best papers of the Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding (CIDU 2010).
- Author
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Srivastava, Ashok N. and Chawla, Nitesh V.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,DATA mining ,MACHINE learning ,CLIMATOLOGY ,ASTRONOMY ,AERONAUTICAL safety measures - Abstract
The article discusses the highlights of the Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding held at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California on October 5-6, 2010. Topics included the implementation of the methods attained in data mining and machine learning on issues dealing with earth sciences, space sciences and systems health management. Problems dealing with changes in the climate and environment, astronomical data flux and safety in aviation were also tackled.
- Published
- 2011
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40. EXPLORING OPTIONS TO MEASURE THE CLIMATE CONSISTENCY OF REAL ECONOMY INVESTMENTS: THE TRANSPORT SECTOR IN LATVIA - ENVIRONMENT WORKING PAPER N° 163.
- Author
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Dobrinevski, Alexander and Jachnik, Raphael
- Subjects
CLIMATE change mitigation ,INVESTMENTS ,CLIMATOLOGY ,CLIMATE change - Abstract
Copyright of OECD Environment Working Papers is the property of Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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41. An Overview of Using Weather Radar for Climatological Studies: Successes, Challenges, and Potential.
- Author
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Saltikoff, Elena, Friedrich, Katja, Soderholm, Joshua, Lengfeld, Katharina, Nelson, Brian, Becker, Andreas, Hollmann, Rainer, Urban, Bernard, Heistermann, Maik, and Tassone, Caterina
- Subjects
SPHERICAL coordinates ,SEVERE storms ,RADAR meteorology ,CLIMATOLOGY ,PAPER arts ,TIME series analysis ,TASKS - Abstract
Weather radars have been widely used to detect and quantify precipitation and nowcast severe weather for more than 50 years. Operational weather radars generate huge three-dimensional datasets that can accumulate to terabytes per day. So it is essential to review what can be done with existing vast amounts of data, and how we should manage the present datasets for the future climatologists. All weather radars provide the reflectivity factor, and this is the main parameter to be archived. Saving reflectivity as volumetric data in the original spherical coordinates allows for studies of the three-dimensional structure of precipitation, which can be applied to understand a number of processes, for example, analyzing hail or thunderstorm modes. Doppler velocity and polarimetric moments also have numerous applications for climate studies, for example, quality improvement of reflectivity and rain rate retrievals, and for interrogating microphysical and dynamical processes. However, observational data alone are not useful if they are not accompanied by sufficient metadata. Since the lifetime of a radar ranges between 10 and 20 years, instruments are typically replaced or upgraded during climatologically relevant time periods. As a result, present metadata often do not apply to past data. This paper outlines the work of the Radar Task Team set by the Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate (AOPC) and summarizes results from a recent survey on the existence and availability of long time series. We also provide recommendations for archiving current and future data and examples of climatological studies in which radar data have already been used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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42. Paper 2: Climatic Study of the Underground Archaeological Site Coudenberg.
- Author
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Hayen, Roald, De Clercq, Hilde, and Godts, Sebastiaan
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- *
CLIMATOLOGY , *BIOACCUMULATION , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations , *ECOLOGY , *CONSERVATION & restoration - Abstract
The excavation and valorization of subterranean archaeological remains, and eventually opening a site to the public, required a proper management and conservation strategy. This strategy was based on the evaluation of the delicate balance between the requirements for public health and safety, and the protection of the archaeological remains from future degradation. Controlling the climate can be essential for a preventive conservation strategy, which can be defined as an indirect action to increase the life expectancy of the archaeological remains, and by doing so keeping them in a preferred state of conservation to mitigate damage and/or deterioration. Potential risks and possible interventions are outlined to avoid climatic conditions which are in conflict with the requirements for the visitors' comfort while preventing damage phenomena to the materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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43. A note on the papers from the winter symposium of the Nordic Summer University held in Akureyri, Iceland, March, 1st-3rd 2013
- Author
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Jacob Dahl Rendtorff
- Subjects
H1-99 ,History ,NSU ,Archaeology ,ethics ,Social sciences (General) ,society ,value ,GF1-900 ,Human ecology. Anthropogeography ,Climatology ,politics ,cosmopolitan ,imagination - Abstract
The study group “Towards a New Ethical Imagination. Political and social values in a Cosmopolitan World Society” of the Nordic Summer University had its winter meeting at the University of Akureyri, Iceland, March 1-3, 2013. We discussed different topics in the fields of moral, political, economic, and social philosophy, with the addition of a special theme i.e. ethical, political and legal issues in the Arctic region. It was a very fruitful meeting and we would like to thank the organisers at the University of Akureyri, in particular Águst Thor Árnason, the Icelandic NSU Coordinator, for all the hard work done in Akureyri.
- Published
- 2013
44. Climate Change Research in View of Bibliometrics.
- Author
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Haunschild, Robin, Bornmann, Lutz, and Marx, Werner
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CLIMATE change research ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,CITATION analysis ,BIOMASS ,GLOBAL warming - Abstract
This bibliometric study of a large publication set dealing with research on climate change aims at mapping the relevant literature from a bibliometric perspective and presents a multitude of quantitative data: (1) The growth of the overall publication output as well as (2) of some major subfields, (3) the contributing journals and countries as well as their citation impact, and (4) a title word analysis aiming to illustrate the time evolution and relative importance of specific research topics. The study is based on 222,060 papers (articles and reviews only) published between 1980 and 2014. The total number of papers shows a strong increase with a doubling every 5–6 years. Continental biomass related research is the major subfield, closely followed by climate modeling. Research dealing with adaptation, mitigation, risks, and vulnerability of global warming is comparatively small, but their share of papers increased exponentially since 2005. Research on vulnerability and on adaptation published the largest proportion of very important papers (in terms of citation impact). Climate change research has become an issue also for disciplines beyond the natural sciences. The categories Engineering and Social Sciences show the strongest field-specific relative increase. The Journal of Geophysical Research, the Journal of Climate, the Geophysical Research Letters, and Climatic Change appear at the top positions in terms of the total number of papers published. Research on climate change is quantitatively dominated by the USA, followed by the UK, Germany, and Canada. The citation-based indicators exhibit consistently that the UK has produced the largest proportion of high impact papers compared to the other countries (having published more than 10,000 papers). Also, Switzerland, Denmark and also The Netherlands (with a publication output between around 3,000 and 6,000 papers) perform top—the impact of their contributions is on a high level. The title word analysis shows that the term climate change comes forward with time. Furthermore, the term impact arises and points to research dealing with the various effects of climate change. The discussion of the question of human induced climate change towards a clear fact (for the majority of the scientific community) stimulated research on future pathways for adaptation and mitigation. Finally, the term model and related terms prominently appear independent of time, indicating the high relevance of climate modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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45. PAPERS OF NOTE.
- Author
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Potvin, Corey K.
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATOLOGY , *LIGHTNING , *EQUIPMENT & supplies , *HURRICANES , *TORNADOES - Abstract
The article presents updates related to climatology and weather studies in the U.S. Research reveals the significance of using the cloud-resolving model simulations in forecasting the dangers of lightning. Meanwhile, several climate scientists are searching for the best method in estimating the peak surface winds of a hurricane. Moreover, it also looks on the effectiveness of the latest multiple-Doppler tornado detection in determining the upcoming tornadoes.
- Published
- 2009
46. PAPER OF NOTE.
- Author
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Doyle, James D. and Durran, D. R.
- Subjects
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METEOROLOGY , *CLIMATOLOGY , *GEOPHYSICAL prediction ,WORLD news briefs - Abstract
The article offers world news briefs related to meteorology. The subrotors and the internal structure of the parent rotor lifts off the surface and breakdown along the edge of the lee wave through Kelvin-Helmholtz like instability. Greenland extends one quarter of the distance between the North Pole and Equator averaging 1.5 kilometer (km) in height and reaching skyward more than 3.5 km. The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) offers the opportunity to analyze climate variation.
- Published
- 2008
47. PAPERS OF NOTE.
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATOLOGY , *WEATHER forecasting , *ATMOSPHERE , *METEOROLOGY - Abstract
The article offers news briefs related to climatology. A cold tongue which is a narrow band of cool sea surface temperature (SST) is one of the salient features in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Two of the factors that contributed to the weather-forecasting errors increase in time are the amplification uncertainties of nonlinearities in the initial state of the atmosphere and the model deficiencies leading the model to predict the wrong rate of change for even the most certain initial conditions. INSETS: DUDE, WE'RE, LIKE, PROTESTING;PLEASED TO ZAP YOU.
- Published
- 2007
48. RESEARCH PAPER Bergmann's rule does not apply to geometrid moths along an elevational gradient in an Andean montane rain forest.
- Author
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Brehm, Gunnar and Fiedler, Konrad
- Subjects
- *
BERGMANN'S rule , *MOTHS , *CLIMATOLOGY , *GEOMETRIDAE - Abstract
Bergmann's rule generally predicts larger animal body sizes with colder climates. We tested whether Bergmann's rule at the interspecific level applies to moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) along an extended elevational gradient in the Ecuadorian Andes. Moths were sampled at 22 sites in the province Zamora-Chinchipe in southern Ecuador in forest habitats ranging from 1040 m to 2677 m above sea level. Wingspans of 2282 male geometrid moths representing 953 species were measured and analysed at the level of the family Geometridae, as well as for the subfamily Ennominae with the tribes Boarmiini and Ourapterygini, and the subfamily Larentiinae with the genera Eois, Eupithecia and Psaliodes. Bergmann's rule was not supported since the average wingspan of geometrid moths was negatively correlated with altitude ( r = −0.59, P < 0.005). The relationship between body size and altitude in Geometridae appears to be spurious because species of the subfamily Larentiinae are significantly smaller than species of the subfamily Ennominae and simultaneously increase in their proportion along the gradient. A significant decrease of wingspan was also found in the ennomine tribe Ourapterygini, but no consistent body size patterns were found in the other six taxa studied. In most taxa, body size variation increases with altitude, suggesting that factors acting to constrain body size might be weaker at high elevations. The results are in accordance with previous studies that could not detect consistent body size patterns in insects at the interspecific level along climatic gradients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. RESEARCH PAPER Does climate determine broad-scale patterns of species richness? A test of the causal link by natural experiment.
- Author
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H-Acevedo, Dagoberto and Currie, David J.
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- *
BIRD populations , *CLIMATE change , *CLIMATOLOGY , *SPECIES - Abstract
Broad-scale spatial patterns of species richness are very strongly correlated with climatic variables. If there is a causal link, i.e. if climate directly or indirectly determines patterns of richness, then when the climatic variables change, richness should change in the manner that spatial correlations between richness and climate would predict. The present study tests this prediction using seasonal changes in climatic variables and bird richness. We used a grid of equal area quadrats (37 000 km2) covering North and Central America as far south as Nicaragua. Summer and winter bird distribution data were drawn from monographs and field guides. Climatic data came from published sources. We also used remotely sensed NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index — a measure of greenness). Bird species richness changes temporally (between summer and winter) in a manner that is close to, but statistically distinguishable from, the change one would predict from models relating the spatial variation in richness at a single time to climatic variables. If one further takes into account the seasonal changes in NDVI and within-season variability of temperature and precipitation, then winter and summer richness follow congruent, statistically indistinguishable patterns. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that climatic variables (temperature and precipitation) and vegetation cover directly or indirectly influence patterns of bird species richness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Coping with impacts of climate variability and climate change in water management: a scoping paper
- Subjects
climatic change ,milieueffect ,waterbeheer ,climatology ,klimaatverandering ,drought ,environmental impact ,rampen ,climatic factors ,disasters ,klimaatfactoren ,floods ,water management ,Alterra - Centre for Water and Climate ,klimatologie ,droogte ,Wageningen Environmental Research ,overstromingen ,Alterra - Centrum Water en Klimaat - Published
- 2003
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