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This study was aimed to examine the effects of basic properties, fiber morphological properties, strength properties, wettability and optical properties on offset printing of office papers. Widely used office papers with different brands were obtained from Istanbul-Turkey. Technical characteristics of papers; basic properties, strength properties including tensile, burst, tear, and Z direction tensile strength and optical properties such as gloss, whiteness, opacity, and wettability tests were determined according to TAPPI and ISO standards. The results obtained by the tests are as follows; i) there is a great difference in water resistance between the top and the lowest values (207 %), ii) there is little difference between the highest and the lowest brightness value (3.8 %), other papers values have close to each other, iii) in the printing process there is a little difference between the highest, and the lowest gloss values (36.7 %), although the others are close iv) the highest and lowest values in CIE C* showed that it ranged from the narrowest color gamut to the widest color gamut. By applying the widely used offset printing process to commercially produced office papers, the quality levels were evaluated to raise awareness of consumers and sellers.

© 2022, Publishing House of the Romanian Academy. All rights reserved.Adding an antimicrobial effect to the papers used in the cardboard packaging industry can extend the life of the packed product. Paper, due to its structure, has the property of being ignited quickly. Enhancing the properties of paper, the combination of antimicrobial protection, low flammability and good printability to the paper will expand its usage area in the packaging industry. In this study, barium borate was synthesized in order to impart low flammability to paper. Different combinations of rosemary oil and barium borate were mixed with binding starch in varying amounts, and formulations were prepared. With these mixtures, 80 g/m2 paper was coated using a laboratory-type paper coating machine. The antimicrobial properties of the paper were investigated by performing the disk diffusion antimicrobial test against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) test was performed to determine the low flammability of the paper. Color, gloss, contact angle and surface energy tests were performed for the printability properties of the paper. As a result, the coatings containing formulations of barium borate and rosemary oil, applied to the paper surface, succeeded in imparting antimicrobial and low flammability properties to the papers, while also improving the printability features.

Nowadays, the need for papers and cardboards with improved surface properties is increasing with the development of the packaging industry. The improvements made are not only limited to the paper and paper surface, but also environmentalist approaches are exhibited in printing ink. For this purpose, the use of water-based ink tends to become widespread, especially in food packaging. In this study, five different paper coating formulations were prepared using different proportions of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and kaolin pigments. Latex (Acronal S360D) was used as a binder. All prepared coating mixes were applied onto the base paper surface. All coated papers were also subjected to the calendering process. In addition, three different dyestuffs (14, 17, 20%) concentrations of water-based printing inks were prepared. Prints were made by the silk screen printing technique on the calendered-coated papers. The optical and physical properties (roughness, air permeance, paper gloss and printing gloss, contact angle and surface energy) of all papers were measured according to the standards. Paper gloss, print gloss, Delta E-00 color differences, contact angles and surface energy measurements were made, and the effects of dye ratio on printing and gloss in water-based inks and coating type suitable for printability were investigated. As a result, papers can be coated and even calendered to achieve better paper surface properties and printability. In the case of printing with water-based inks, better printability properties are obtained by choosing PCC pigmented coated papers.

Papers are the most commonly used substrates. A printable paper must have certain properties. These properties include surface smoothness, air permeability, surface energy, colour of the paper, opacity, whiteness, light fastness, gloss, and coefficient of elongation under force. In addition, a good printable paper should not allow ink to pass between its two surfaces. After the papers are produced, they are subjected to surface treatments in order to improve the above-mentioned properties and to provide extra specification. Surface treatments include calendering, surface sizing and coating processes. While filling the recesses and protrusions on the surface with the coating process, the paper's affinity for the ink is increased, and the penetration of the ink to the other surface of the paper is prevented. In the coating process basically, a filler is dispersed in a binder. In this study, it is aimed to obtain the highest quality and most printable paper by changing the type of binder used in the coating. In this study, equal amount (5% w/w) titanium dioxide filler was used in all coating formulations. In coating formulations; cationic starch, hydroxy ethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol polymers were used as binders. Binder amounts are adjusted according to optimum viscosity. The obtained coating formulations were coated on the paper surface with a laboratory type coating device. Colour, gloss, surface smoothness, air permeability, surface energy and surface morphology of the coated papers were determined. It was printed with magenta offset printing ink on three different types of paper coated with different binders, using the IGT C1 offset printability test device, under 400 N/m2 pressure printing conditions. Colour and gloss measurements of the prints were made. As a result; It was determined that three different binders improved the printability parameters.

Valuable papers, such as checks, promissory notes, money or printing papers used in wallpaper laminates, must be resistant to burning. For this reason, different flame retardants are used in papers. However, generally, the flame retardants used negatively affect printability by creating a hydrophobic surface. For this reason, it is thought that the combination of flame retardants with a filler that will positively affect the printability of paper will be more suitable for such printable papers. For this purpose, this work aimed to obtain paper with good printability and delayed ignition properties by using calcium carbonate, which is a good paper filler, and tin oxide, which is a flame retardant.

Conference Papers Index gives both bibliographic and ordering information for papers presented at engineering, life sciences, and physical sciences conferences held throughout the world. This database description includes information on access points, sample citations, searchable fields, and data base specifications. (JPF)

Significance Populations living in remote rural communities would benefit from rapid, highly sensitive molecular, DNA-based diagnostics to inform the correct and timely treatment of infectious diseases. Such information is also becoming increasingly relevant in global efforts for disease elimination, where the testing of asymptomatic patients is now seen as being important for the identification of disease reservoirs. However, healthcare workers face practical and logistical problems in the implementation of such tests, which often involve complex instrumentation and centralized laboratories. Here we describe innovations in paper microfluidics that enable low-cost, multiplexed DNA-based diagnostics for malaria, delivered, in a first-in-human study, in schools in rural Uganda., Rapid, low-cost, species-specific diagnosis, based upon DNA testing, is becoming important in the treatment of patients with infectious diseases. Here, we demonstrate an innovation that uses origami to enable multiplexed, sensitive assays that rival polymerase chain reactions (PCR) laboratory assays and provide high-quality, fast precision diagnostics for malaria. The paper-based microfluidic technology proposed here combines vertical flow sample-processing steps, including paper folding for whole-blood sample preparation, with an isothermal amplification and a lateral flow detection, incorporating a simple visualization system. Studies were performed in village schools in Uganda with individual diagnoses being completed in

Non-invasive diagnosis on biological liquid samples, such as urine, sweat, saliva, and tears, may allow patients to evaluate their health by themselves. To obtain accurate diagnostic results, target liquid must be precisely sampled. Conventionally, urine sampling using filter paper can be given as an example sampling, but differences in the paper structure can cause variations in sampling volume. This paper describes precise liquid sampling using synthetic microfluidic papers, which are composed of obliquely combined micropillars. Sampling volume accuracy was investigated using different designs and collection methods to determine the optimal design and sample collecting method. The optimized protocol was followed to accurately measure potassium concentration using synthetic microfluidic paper and a commercially available densitometer, which verified the usefulness of the synthetic microfluidic papers for precision sampling.

© 2022, Publishing House of the Romanian Academy. All rights reserved.This study aimed to determine whether 100% recycled papers can replace papers made from virgin fibers for the purpose of electrophotographic printing for packaging by evaluating the recycling potential of electrophotographically printed paper using the INGEDE and the washing deinking method. In the first part of the study, typical office copy paper, containing up to 30% recycled fiber, was printed electrophotographically. In the second part of the study, the deinked pulp was then used to prepare the handsheets for deinking evaluation, paper analysis and printability analysis. The print quality of the recycled papers was highly encouraging, as the results were comparable and, in some cases, identical to those of papers manufactured from virgin fibers.

In the present manuscript, novel effluent treatment processes for pulp and paper mill effluents are divided into two categories: a) those involving the use of chemical additives and b) those which are free of such chemicals. It is especially of high importance for pulp and paper industry to adopt the most efficient and cost-effective treatment methods. This paper critically reviews the recent studies on the treatment of pulp and paper mill effluents while providing suggestions for further studies on the application of various physic-chemical and biological methods for the treatment of such complex effluents containing a number of recalcitrant pollutants. Keywords: Pulp and paper industry, Industrial effluents, Chemical additives, Non-additive treatment processes

V1388 Ori is an early-B type detached eclipsing binary whose physical properties have previously been measured from dedicated spectroscopy and a ground-based survey light curve. We reconsider the properties of the system using newly-available light curves from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We discover two frequencies in the system, at 2.99 d−1 and 4.00 d−1 which are probably due to beta Cephei or slowly-pulsating B-star pulsations. A large number of additional significant frequencies exist at multiples of the orbital frequency, 0.4572 d−1. We are not able to find a fully satisfactory model of the eclipses, but the best attempts show highly consistent values for the fitted parameters. We find masses of 7.24 +/- 0.08 Msun and 5.03 +/- 0.04 Msun, and radii of 5.30 +/- 0.07 Rsun and 3.14 +/- 0.06 Rsun. The properties of the system are in good agreement with the predictions of theoretical stellar evolutionary models and the Gaia EDR3 parallax if the published temperature estimates are revised downwards by 1500 K, to 19000 K for the larger and more massive star and 17000 K for its companion.

We describe herein a method of recharging used commercial spin columns or assembling homemade spin columns using filter paper as binding material for cost-effective, low throughput nucleic acid purification. The efficiency of filter paper-based spin columns was evaluated for purification of nucleic acids from various sources. Following protocols of commercial kits, we found filter paper to be a useful binding material for purification of nucleic acids, including plant genomic DNA, plant total RNA, PCR products, and DNA from agarose gels. However, filter paper has a weak binding affinity to plasmid DNA in tested miniprep protocols. Protocols for the use of filter paper recharged spin columns or homemade spin columns for low throughput purification of plant genomic DNA and total RNA with unused commercial kit buffers or less expensive homemade buffers are presented.

Although regression models play a central role in the analysis of medical research projects, there still exist many misconceptions on various aspects of modeling leading to faulty analyses. Indeed, the rapidly developing statistical methodology and its recent advances in regression modeling do not seem to be adequately reflected in many medical publications. This problem of knowledge transfer from statistical research to application was identified by some medical journals, which have published series of statistical tutorials and (shorter) papers mainly addressing medical researchers. The aim of this review was to assess the current level of knowledge with regard to regression modeling contained in such statistical papers. We searched for target series by a request to international statistical experts. We identified 23 series including 57 topic-relevant articles. Within each article, two independent raters analyzed the content by investigating 44 predefined aspects on regression modeling. We assessed to what extent the aspects were explained and if examples, software advices, and recommendations for or against specific methods were given. Most series (21/23) included at least one article on multivariable regression. Logistic regression was the most frequently described regression type (19/23), followed by linear regression (18/23), Cox regression and survival models (12/23) and Poisson regression (3/23). Most general aspects on regression modeling, e.g. model assumptions, reporting and interpretation of regression results, were covered. We did not find many misconceptions or misleading recommendations, but we identified relevant gaps, in particular with respect to addressing nonlinear effects of continuous predictors, model specification and variable selection. Specific recommendations on software were rarely given. Statistical guidance should be developed for nonlinear effects, model specification and variable selection to better support medical researchers who perform or interpret regression analyses.

Cooperation among kin is common in animal societies. Kin groups may form by individuals directly discriminating relatives based on kin recognition cues, or form passively through natal philopatry and limited dispersal. We describe the genetic landscape for a primitively eusocial wasp, Polistes dominula, and ask whether individuals choose cooperative partners that are nearby and/or that are genetic relatives. Firstly, we genotyped an entire sub-population of 1361 wasps and found genetic structuring on an extremely fine scale: the probability of finding genetic relatives decreases exponentially within just a few meters of an individual’s nest. At the same time, however, we found a lack of genetic structuring between natural nest aggregations within the population. Secondly, in a separate dataset where ~2000 wasps were genotyped, we show that wasps forced experimentally to make a new nest choice tended to choose new nests near to their original nests, and that these nests tended to contain some full sisters. However, a significant fraction of wasps chose nests that did not contain sisters, despite sisters being present in nearby nests. Although we cannot rule out a role for direct kin recognition or natal nest-mate recognition, our data suggest that kin groups may form via a philopatric rule-of-thumb, whereby wasps simply select groups and nesting sites that are nearby. The result is that most subordinate helpers obtain indirect fitness benefits by breeding cooperatively.