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Lion’s Mane mushroom (Hericium erinaceus), LM, is a medicinal mushroom which has various bioactive compounds within its fruiting bodies. However, during the cultivation, a large amount of the irregular-shape LM (Ir-LM) was generated. This mushroom type was considered a mushroom by-product. In this study, conventional solvent extraction (Maceration) and supercritical fluid extraction using carbon dioxide (SCFE-CO2) were performed to compare the recovery of ergosterol, hericenone C, and hericene A content from Reg-LM and Ir-LM fruiting bodies. Furthermore, two extraction conditions (40°C at 200 bar and 70°C at 350 bar) were conducted for the SCFE-CO2 technique. The results showed that SCFE-CO2 methods produced a higher recovery of ergosterol and hericenone C as compared to the Maceration techniques. SCFE-CO2 extracts were determined for their antioxidant activities. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extract from 70°C at 350 bar was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the extract obtained from 40°C at 200 bar. The results revealed the use of green technology supercritical fluid extraction using carbon dioxide to recover bioactive compounds from mushroom by-products and apply for high-value added products.

Supercritical fluid extraction using CO 2 (SCFE-CO 2) was used to examine extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds from irregular-shaped Lion's Mane (LM) mushroom by-products. Optimal SCFE-CO 2 conditions (46.38 °C, 100 bar, and 0.99 mL/min of EtOH flow rate) for maximum yield (a mass fraction of 11.64%), ergosterol (3.74 mg/g dried LM), total phenolic content, TPC (815.93 µg GAE/g dried LM), and antioxidant activity (42.97 µg TE/g dried LM) were determined using following parameters: temperature (40 °C to 60 °C), pressure (100 bar to 300 bar), and EtOH flow rate (0 mL/min to 1 mL/min). EtOH flow rate was a key factor in raising extraction yield and quality. SCFE-CO 2 was equally effective compared to conventional extraction (Maceration) for LM, as there were no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) in yield, ergosterol content, TPC, or antioxidant activity. This green extraction technology could be an excellent alternative method for recovering bioactive compounds from medicinal mushrooms. [Display omitted] • SCFE-CO 2 was used to extract bioactive compounds from Hericium erinaceus mushroom. • Optimum conditions for SCFE-CO 2 was 46.38 °C, 100 bar, and 0.99 mL/min of EtOH. • EtOH flow rate was a major factor that could improve extraction yield and quality. • SCFE-CO 2 had an efficiency that could be used instead of conventional extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]