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Background: Hemorrhage can occur as a consequence of innumerable conditions. It can lead to hemodynamic compromise and death unless treated promptly. Various traditional medicinal plants are being studied for their effects on hemostasis. Justicia adhatoda is commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine to control both external and internal bleeding such as peptic ulcers, piles, bleeding gums, and menorrhagia. Objective: The objective of this study was to observe the effect of Justicia adhatoda leaf extract on bleeding time in mice. Methods: An experimental study was conducted at PGMI, Lahore. Twenty Swiss albino mice were randomly divided to make four groups. Each group had five animals. Normal saline was administered to Group (I). Group (II) was given 50 mg/kg dose of leaf extract. Group (III) received 100 mg/kg dose of extract and Group (IV) was given 200 mg/kg dose of extract. One hour later, the tail was amputated after anesthetizing the animals. Bleeding time was estimated by gently placing Whatman filter paper on the edge of the incision every 30 seconds. The observation of no adherent blood was defined as bleeding time. Results: Bleeding time decreased in all the extract-treated groups. A maximum decrease was recorded in the group that received 200 mg/kg extract (1.9±1.03 minutes) versus normal control (6.H2.36 minutes), with p<0.01. Bleeding time decreased to 2.6±1.39 minutes with 100 mg/kg dose, withp<0.05. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, Justicia adhatoda leaf extract is effective in controlling excessive bleeding. However, further work needs to be performed to elucidate the underlying mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the published review literature regarding movement, exercise, and breathing in the prevention and/ or treatment of the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) and long COVID, with the goal of describing the literature and identifying areas for further research and clinical application. Movement and exercise incorporate sedentary behaviours, various forms of exercise, breathing and respiratory therapies, and yoga-asanas (postures). Methods: This paper progresses from a live review and incorporates systematic reviews and narrative reviews. A literature search occurred monthly using PubMed and Google Scholar from May 2022 to May 2023. A measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR) scoring assessed systematic review quality, while the scale for the assessment of narrative review articles (SANRA) guidelines were used to evaluate narrative reviews. Only information and data focused on movement and exercise relevant to COVID-19 prevention and/or treatment were extracted from each review. Results: Three narrative reviews and five systematic reviews were included. Sedentary behaviours increased significantly during the pandemic. Decreased physical activity level was associated with risk of hospitalization from COVID-19. Physical activity and breathing exercises, whether conducted face-to-face (F-2-F) or via telerehabilitation were associated with improvement in dyspnea (shortness of breath), exercise capacity, lung function, fatigue, and quality of life (QoL). Extreme exercise is best avoided for at least 2 to 3 weeks after severe COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusion: Sedentary behaviour and lack of regular physical activity is correlated with an increased risk of COVID-19. Various forms of movement, exercise, and breathing may be beneficial in the treatment of COVID-19 and in long COVID. Further research and understanding of the importance of movement, exercise, and breathing as it relates to immune health is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical anthropologists have not paid enough attention to the variation at the level of the individual practitioners of biomedicine, and anthropological critiques of biomedical psychiatry as it is practiced in settings outside the Global North have tended to depict psychiatrists in monolithic terms. In this article, we attempt to demonstrate that, at least in the case of India, some psychiatrists perceive limitations in the biomedical model and the cultural assumptions behind biomedical practices and ideologies. This paper focuses on three practitioners who supplement their own practices with local and alternative healing modalities derived from South Asian psychologies, philosophies, systems of medicine and religious and ritual practices. The diverging psychiatric practices in this paper represent a rough continuum. They range from a bold and confident psychiatrist who uses various techniques including ritual healing to another who yearns to incorporate more Indian philosophy and psychology in psychiatric practice and encourages students of ayurvedic medicine to more fully embrace the science they are learning to a less proactive psychiatrist who does not describe a desire to change his practice but who is respectful and accepting of ayurvedic treatments that some patients also undergo. Rather than simply applying a hegemonic biomedical psychiatry, these psychiatrists offer the possibility of a more locally-attuned, context sensitive psychiatric practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modernization, a stressful lifestyle, attachment to a Western diet, and the use of preserved and processed foods lead to a loss of homeostasis of intestinal microbial diversity. The use of refined flour and refined sugar, which lack of micro biota-accessible carbohydrates (MAC), means dietary fiber high salt consumption, and saturated fats in fried and packaged foods cause gut microbiota dysbiosis. Microbial dysbiosis caused by high fat, salt, and lack of fiber causes several metabolic diseases, including asthma. The objective of the study is to develop a hypothetic model that "Ancient Indian diet" which is inspired by thousands of years of Indian science, including Yoga, Ayurveda, and Naturopathy may maintain the diversity of the gut microbiota and may inhibits the asthmatic symptoms by enhancing the growth of antiasthmatic bacteria. A keyword search utilizing the phrases "western diet, beneficial microbiota, asthma, gut microbial dysbiosis, Ancient Indian diet" was conducted electronically search through the SCOPUS,Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases. Search criteria are divided into two arms the first one includes different full-text research papers including how Indian diet altered gut microbial composition. The second one, we included the full text including how presence of certain gut microbiota can prevents the asthmatic attack. To And publications that met the eligibility requirements, the first and third authors separately reviewed each publication's title and abstract using the previously described inclusion criteria. We have included 124 research articles, which is published between 1989 to 2024. A plant-based ancient Indian diet increases the diversity of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Roseburia, Lactobacillus, Lachnospira, Akkermansia and shows inhibitory effects against Clostridium, E. coli, Staphylococcus, Haemophilus, Moraxella and Neisseria.The ancient Indian diet a low-fat lacto-vegetarian diet maintains gut microbiota homeostasis, and suppresses the growth of pathogenic asthmatic bacteria and promotes the growth of beneficial asthmatic bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The word asana is originated by 'as' dhatu, which has two main meanings, a place to sit and a physical position. The place to sit refers to the place on which one sits such as Dari, Aasni, yoga mat etc. According to the Yoga Sutras, the name of a state of happiness with stability is asana. This is the most popular part of yoga. Ordinary people only consider this as yoga. Constipation is considered the mother of all diseases in Ayurveda. When the smooth form of faces of the body is not expelled after digestion, then this condition is called constipation. Purpose: To discuss the management of constipation through Yogasanas by clarifying it's the identification and causes. Research Methodology: Data were collected by conducting an in-depth survey and study of Yogic traditional texts such as Yogasutra, Hathapradipika, Gheranda Samhita, Charaksamhita, Sushruta Samhita etc. and research papers related to the subject. Results: Although many groups of yoga asanas are helpful in the management of constipation, but the combined practice of the first three asanas, Tadasana, Tiryaka Tadasana and Katichkrasana, out of the five asanas performed in Shankhprakshalan, has been found to be quite beneficial in the management of constipation. By the practice of the above mentioned yogasanas, the peristalsis of the intestines becomes active, as a result of which, on the one hand, there is management of constipation and on the other hand, there is no possibility of constipation disease developing by the practice of the above mentioned yogasanas. Conclusion: For the management of constipation, the practice of Tadasana, Tiryak Tadasana and Katichkrasana along with its removal after studying the causes of the disease with precision is very useful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we've covered the ENT surgery methods and techniques that Acharya Sushruta detailed in his famous book, the Sushruta Samhita. The founder of the Sushruta Samhita, Acharya Sushruta, is hailed as the "Father of Surgery" and "Father of Plastic Surgery." An essential component of Ayurveda is Shalakya Tantra, which focuses on the analysis and treatment of conditions affecting the mouth, nose, ears, teeth, throat, head, and eyes. Shalakya Tantra is described as "Shalakayah Yatkarma Shalakyam, Tat Pradhanam Tantram Shalakyam" by Acharya Dalhana. It denotes a location where Shalakas (instruments resembling rods) are utilised for therapeutic purposes. The Shalakya Tantra branch of Ayurveda deals with these instruments and how to employ them for therapeutic purposes. It can be found in numerous Ayurvedic treatises today. Sushruta Samhita contains the majority of the Shalakya Tantra, but it is also found here in fragmented form. Detailed discussions of surgical tools (yantras), various incision kinds, various suturing and bandaging techniques (bandha), fracture reductions, foreign body extraction techniques, etc. are contained in the Sushruta Samhita (about 600 BC). He also brought up the utilisation of reconstructive (Sandhana) surgery by Vaidyas even during the colonial era. Acharya gave a comprehensive explanation of ENT surgery procedures that are largely applicable and actual. Acharya Sushruta noticed that a number of fractures and dislocations connected to ENT can be treated. Today, many of the foreign body removal techniques he described are virtually same to those utilised then. Many conventional surgical techniques are still useful today. These interventions can be a tremendous help in learning new and cutting-edge practises with the help of contemporary advances. Our simple goal in writing this paper is to shed light on all the Shalakya Tantra subjects that are mentioned throughout Sushruta in various places. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vedic literature is the origin of ancient medical science. Brihatrayee are the three main Samhitas which explain the basic fundamentals of Ayurveda. In our classical texts women have been mentioned as Janani. Acharya Charaka and Acharya Sushruta have mentioned Kamala as advanced stage of Panduroga as well as further complication of the said disease respectively. Acharya Vagbhata also mentioned Kamala as an independent disease. Not the mention of Garbhini Kamala as an independent disease in the Samhitas can be found, but the treatment of said entity has been quoted in Kashyapa Samhita. The similarities in the manifesting clinical features on the basis of which Garbhini Kamala can be closely correlated to Intrahepatic cholestasis of Pregnancy. Aim & Objective: The present study is an effort to understand the disease according to Ayurvedic principles & to evaluate the role of safer and cost effective Ayurvedic management modalities in Garbhini Kamala. Materials &Methods: A pregnant female patient aged 25 years, Primigravida with POG of 28weeks 3 days with complaints of vomiting, loss of appetite, general debility visited the OPD of PTSR of RGGPGA college, Paprola. Her lab investigations were adviced to be done and were suggestive of Garbhini Kamala. Darvyadi Leha was administered for 30 days to the pregnant woman followed by 10 days of drug free period. Results: Patient responded to the drug quite well as symptoms as well as lab investigations were found to be improved and no side-effects were recorded. Conclusion: Hence it has been concluded that Darvyadi Leha can be practiced as a line of treatment for Garbhini Kamala which definitely needs further research in large sample to establish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herb-induced liver injury (HILI) caused by herbal supplements, natural products, and products used in traditional medicine are important for differential diagnoses in patients with acute liver injury without an obvious etiology. The root of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, commonly known as ashwagandha, has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for thousands of years to promote health and longevity. Due to various biological activities, ashwagandha and its extracts became widespread as herbal supplements on the global market. Although it is generally considered safe, there are several reported cases of ashwagandha-related liver injury, and one case ended with liver transplantation. In this paper, we review all reported cases so far. Additionally, we describe two new cases of ashwagandha hepatotoxicity. In the first case, a 36-year-old man used ashwagandha capsules (450 mg, three times daily) for 6 months before he developed nausea, pruritus, and dark-colored urine. In the second case, a 30-year-old woman developed pruritus after 45 days of using ashwagandha capsules (450 mg). In both cases, serum bilirubin and liver enzymes (aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were increased. The liver injury pattern was hepatocellular (R-value 11.1) and mixed (R-value 2.6), respectively. The updated Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) (both cases with a score of seven) indicated a "probable" relationship with ashwagandha. Clinical and liver function improvements were observed after the discontinuation of ashwagandha supplement use. By increasing the data related to ashwagandha-induced liver injury, these reports support that consuming ashwagandha supplements is not without its safety concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the change in the present scenario of globalization, the importance of standardization of traditional formulation has been more stressed out than before. The major objective of this study was the development of an analytical method for the estimation of some important constituent, pesticides, elemental study of the formulation anti-oxidant activity and to study the effect of conversion of churna to granules of in-house and marketed samples. So, a suitable plan was designed to get comprehensive standardization of this formulation Ajmodadi churna. The paper demonstrates the feasibility of the conversion of Ajmodadi churna in granules form and estimation of piperine: cucalyptol, caryophyllene, and eugenol were done using HPTLC, these constituents have an important role in the activity. Eugenol and Eucalyptol were found more in sample A. Our results demonstrate that Piperine was found more in sample B. A study on pesticide residue was done by the TLC method. None of the samples showed the presence of pesticide in the solvent system. Elements are toxic for the body so its determination is also important for the formulation. The micromeritic properties of prepared granules were also studied. The granules showed better flow property than the powders. Antioxidant activity in different samples was observed. Sample A (in-house formulation) showed better antioxidant activity than sample B (marketed formulation). Superior results are seen from the conducted experiments. Importantly, our results provide evidence for a new approach that could also be useful for the standardization of ayurvedic formulation using modern techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the aegis of the World Health Organization, the Movement for Global Mental Health and an Indian Supreme Court ruling, biomedical psychiatric interventions have expanded in India augmenting biomedical hegemony in a place that is known for its variety of healing modalities. This occurs despite the fact that studies by the WHO show better outcomes in India for people suffering from schizophrenia and related diagnoses when compared to people in developed countries with greater access to biomedical psychiatry. Practitioners of ayurvedic medicine in Kerala have been mounting a claim for a significant role in public mental health in the face of this growing hegemony. This study examines efforts by ayurvedic practitioners to expand access to ayurvedic mental health services in Kerala, and profiles a rehabilitation center which combines biomedical and ayurvedic therapies and has been a key player in efforts to expand the use of Ayurveda for mental health. The paper argues for maintaining a pluralistic healing environment for treating mental illness rather than displacing other healing modalities in favor of a biomedical psychiatric approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to delineate the fundamental principles of āyurveda as applied in the presentation of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) among children and present a systematic Āyurvedic treatment protocol for children diagnosed with ASD. The author - a practising Āyurvedic expert physician and scholar notes that āyurveda is a theory based system and these theoretical principles empower the clinician towards applications of the same in specific context and practice. The author also notes that classical āyurvedic texts do not specifically discuss ASD and the paper involves original research efforts towards identifying resolutions in the context of parents and children with ASD, who are looking towards Āyurveda for relief. With the objective to present the Āyurvedic principles and a systematic treatment protocol, the author delineates the Āyurvedic logical framework as applied to ASD from his extensive clinical practice. Further, based on his clinical work, the paper presents a systematic phase wise Āyurvedic protocol for ASD. The paper has profound implications for the integration of indigenous Āyurvedic medicines in the context of contemporary disorders. Second, the paper indicates several hypotheses that can now be tested empirically in the next phases of research. If proven, an evidenced based policy on Āyurvedic treatment for children with ASD can be proposed and implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning Disability (LD) is an invisible disability predictable by a few, afflicting many and causing high degree of impact. Since it has an important bearing on academic function, it carries high degree of distress in the Indian society where failure is offensive. A childhood disorder is written off by difficulty in certain skills such as reading or writing in child with normal intelligence. It can be lifetime conditions that, in some cases, affect many parts of a children's life: school or work, daily routines, family life, and sometimes even friendships and play. In some people, many overlying learning disabilities may be apparent. Other people may have a single, remote learning problem that has little impact on other areas of their lives. This paper illustrates the various types of learning disability, symptoms and the root cause. Various effective Ayurveda treatments for learning disability are proposed here. Aim of this paper is to elaborate the role and benefits of Ayurveda in the society. Now days, Ayurveda is playing an important role both in physical and mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extract of berberis aristata well known asRasanjana is traditional medicine belongs to Berberidaceace. It is used in number of formulations after proper purification process. These formulations are to preserve health and to cure variety of diseases, like eyes disorders, skin diseases, mennorhagia. In this study daruharidra(berberis aristata) & goat milk is main ingredient& both have been considered as very significant herb in many eye diseases &skin disesea for external application. The bark is used as main part of daruharidra used in its crude form as powder or decoction. According to reference of ayurved prakash samhita & bhavprakshh nighantu. Aim and Objective: Details about Rasanjana can be found in scattered form in Samhitas and Nighantu. However, single hand study regarding its details is not available. Hence in current review article, attempt is to gather therapeutic, pharmacological, medicinal evidences of Rasanjana from Ayurvedic Samhitas and Nighantu. In current article, references of various formulations of Rasanjana were reviewed through Brihatrayand Nighantus and related articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Ayurveda is not merely a curative science rather it is a lifestyle guide which helps to promote health and prevent diseases. The preventive aspects of Ayurveda are accommodated under the umbrella of Swasthavritta which includes Dinacharya, Ratricharya, Ritucharya, Rules regarding Nidra, the concept of Dharaneeya and Adharaneeya vegas, Ahaaram, Sadvruttam, Rasayanam, etc which help to strengthen the defense mechanism of the body. Ayurveda doctors are supposed to be the ambassadors of these health promotive measures to the common mass. Aim: The present work aimed at assessing the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of selected Dinacharya procedures among the Ayurveda doctors across India. Materials and methodology: A KAP survey was conducted among the Ayurveda doctors across India by sharing a structured closed ended questionnaire through google form. 311 subjects participated in the study. Results: 1) Knowledge: Majority of the respondents are aware (partially/fully) about the Dinacharya practices. 2)Attitude: Majority of the respondents agree to the health benefits of Dinacharya practices because they have experienced them either personally or have learnt about it from the experiences of others.3)Practices: 23.8% were waking up in Brahma Muhurta, 20.2% were practicing Ushajalapaanam though none of them consumed 8 prasruthi of water as classically advised, 16.7% respondents used herbal toothpastes, 88.4% reported to be practicing Jihwanirlekhanam but none were using metallic or wooden tongue cleaners as classically indicated, only 19.3% respondents used herbal collyrium regularly, 6.7% practiced Pratimarsha nasyam daily, 13.5% practiced gandoosham, 1 % practiced dhumapanam daily, 27% respondents practiced abhyangam and 23.2% respondents practiced vyaayamam daily. Conclusions: There exists a wide gap in the Knowledge and practice of Dinacharya practices even among the ayurveda doctors. ractice of Dinacharya practices even among the ayurveda doctors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Ayurveda, the Indian system of medicine, has been practised in India since ages. We evaluated the overall awareness regarding Ayurveda among patients attending two specialty clinics at a tertiary care institute. Methods. We did a cross-sectional study on patients attending the cardiology and neurology clinics at a tertiary care hospital in India. We conducted this paper-based survey using a standardized, validated questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 14.2. Results. Three hundred and ninety-seven patients agreed to participate in the study. Their mean (SD) age was 45.65 (15.02) years. Among them 68.5% were men and 56.9% were from urban areas. Participants perceived that Ayurveda comprised herbal drugs (77.6%), metallic/herbo-mineral preparations (44.3%), Panchakarma therapy (22.2%) and personalized medicine (37.8%). Principal sources of information were TV promotional programmes (34.7%) and newspaper advertisements (13.9%). Nearly two-thirds (63%) of participants opined that Ayurveda is effective in chronic disorders. Although only 9.1% of participants reported the use of Ayurvedic medicines, 89.2% believed it would be beneficial if the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi had Ayurveda services. Three-fourths (75.8%) of respondents were interested to participate in research studies integrating Ayurveda with modern medicine. Conclusion. Imprecise knowledge and awareness towards Ayurveda appears to prevail in addition to the low practice among the patients surveyed. We found imprecise knowledge of Ayurvedic therapies and its low usage among patients attending specialized OPDs in a tertiary care hospital. The major source of information reported was promotional advertisements in the print and electronic media. Our survey shows a need for awareness programmes for general public at various levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern world, modern medicine and complementary systems dominate the healthcare worldwide. Many developing countries which suffer with resources can improvise the healthcare at their retention by leveraging the extent of traditional medicine. A traditional Indian Atharva Veda implemented system of medicine called the Ayurveda, has gigantic benefits to human kind. This way of medicine deals majorly with naturally available herbs and methodologies to treat human health and promotes healthy practices for a better lifestyle. Ayurveda works on the idea of balancing biological systems. Ayurveda is primarily accomplished in India and being recognized internationally due to the effectiveness and use of naturally available herbs and associated methodologies to cure the diseases. Ayurveda as a system is successful, yet not widely practiced, there are range of reasons that has limited Ayurveda to reach its potential, such as less importance is given to Ayurvedic education and its practices, very few or no advancement is seen, resources limitations due to funds, limited technical support, and unstructured database. Therefore there is a constant need of improvising the field with technology and effectively creating knowledge based systems to improvise the practice of Ayurveda and to optimize its benefits. In this paper, a survey on the benefits of Ayurveda for women hormonal imbalance, Ayurveda for Skin and Hair health is done along with the Artificial intelligence technology advancements in the field of Ayurveda. The intend of the paper is to layout the benefits this 5000 years old approach towards medicine has to offer and the use of Artificial Intelligence to promote and influence its growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid-19 is a disease caused by virus named SARC CoV type II of Corona virus family and is announced as Pandemic disease by WHO in the month of March 2020. Virus is spreading at exponential rate and causing more than 1.3 lack death globally today. Covid-19 has been announced as one of the biggest threat to the mankind in last 100 years. Antiviral drugs and the vaccines are under clinical phases, to combat this outbreak, it is essential to maintained good health condition with boosted immune activity. Ashwagandha has been a medicinal plant under Ayurvedic studies for various therapeutic uses since ancient times of India. It has been regarded as the most important plant as every part of the plant can serve as a remedial/curative alternative. Despite the versatility of the plant, scanty research has been done to explore its potential in creating varied healthcare and value-added allied products used as immune system booster in situation similar to Covid 19 outbreak. There is a huge lacuna in literature dedicated to documenting the prospective applications of Ashwagandha healthcare products. This work is an attempt to compile current literature with an eye on the possibility of creating healthcare and value addition products based on this versatile medicinal plant. The paper provides a historical perspective on the evolution of and investigations carried out to explore the applications of Ashwagandha as a medicinal plant. It the wake of a sudden interest in herbal plants, this work will act as a primer for the herbal-based solutions in the areas of cancer treatment, neural disorders, immune boosters especial for Covid 19 cause of viral outbreak, stress-relief, and rejuvenation. It also finds applications as cardio-respiratory endurance enhancer, anti-ageing, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic and as an effective adaptogen. To reach out to a wider audience the paper concludes with open research issues, challenges in using Ashwagandha as a medicinal plant in the current scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spilanthes acmella, which is commonly known as the toothache plant, has been used as ayurvedic medicine in dentistry for a long time. It is found to have anti-microbial, analgesic, and local anesthetic action. This medicinal plant has been studied for its local anesthetic applications in humans and animals. In this review paper, we have discussed the merits, limitations, safety, and potential future applications of using S. acmella as a local anesthetic drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The primary objective is to assess the vulnerability of Matrija Bhava for the causation of metabolic disorders in the purview of epigenetics. Data Source: This study was conducted at the PG Department of Rachana Sharir, CBPACS, New Delhi, and AIIMS, New Delhi. Materials and Methods: Twenty subjects of metabolic disorders, namely diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypothyroidism cases, were taken to collect the data. The self-structured information sheet/case paper pro forma followed by a consent form was used to record all the data of the subject along with their mother's history (at the time of pregnancy) included in the study. All the observations were recorded and furnished for statistical analysis. Results: It was observed that Lavana, Madhura, Amla, and Katu Rasa Ahara; Viruddha Ahara, Ratrijagrana and Divaswapna were observed as a potential factor affecting the Metabolism of the mother at the time of their pregnancy with the subject; thereby causing related metabolic disorders to the subject. Conclusion: Maternal factors (Matrija Bhava) are vulnerable to cause metabolic disorders in childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay aims to situate the emergence of Siddha medicine as a separate medical system in the erstwhile Madras Presidency of colonial India within a broader socio-economic context. Scholars who have worked on Siddha medicine have stressed more on political dimensions like nationalism and sub-nationalism with inadequate attention to the interplay of various (other) factors including contemporary global developments, changes in the attitude of the colonial State and especially to the new promises held by the greater deference shown to indigenous medical systems from the 1920s. If the construction of 'national medicine' based on the Sanskrit texts and the accompanying marginalisation of regional texts and practices were the only reasons for the emergence of Siddha medicine as presented by scholars, it leaves open the question as to why this emergence happened only during the third decade of the twentieth century, though the marginalisation processes started during the first decade itself. This paper seeks to find an answer by analysing the formation of Siddha medical identity beyond the frameworks of nationalism and sub-nationalism. Further, it explicates how material factors served as immediate cause along with the other, and more ideational factors related to the rise of the Dravidian political and cultural movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM), also referred to as Complementary and Integrative Medicine, refers to treatments outside of mainstream medicine. There are many forms of CAM, including mind-body and herbal supplements. This paper presents a variety of reliable CAM websites that may be of interest to consumers, including sites that help evaluate CAM treatments. Those providing CAM information to consumers must stress the importance of speaking with a healthcare provider to determine if the treatment is safe for the consumer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of endodontic treatment is to clean the root canal system including all vital and necrotic tissues, microorganisms, and its byproducts. The root canal system anatomy is extremely complex and diverse making it difficult to clean and shape it effectively. So, irrigation and disinfection of root canals plays a very important role in the success of endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate & compare antimicrobial efficacy of 3.8% Silver Diamine Fluoride, 5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite, 100mg/ml Vitex Negundo Linn, 0.2 % Nano Chitosan, 0.9% Normal Saline and 2% Chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis as root canal irrigant. Sixty single rooted human permanent teeth were taken and decoronated to standardize the canal length. After biomechanical preparation, teeth were inoculated with E.faecalis & randomly divided into 6 groups and the nal irrigation was carried out with tested irrigants. Group A(n = 10): 0.9% Normal Saline(control); Group B(n = 10): 3.8% Silver Diamine Fluoride; Group C(n = 10): 5.25% Sodium hypochlorite; Group D(n = 10): 100mg/ml vitex negundo linn; Group E(n=10): 0.2% Nano Chitosan and Group F(n=10): 2% Chlorhexidine. The obtained constituent was cultured on agar plates & the number of CFUs (Colony forming units) per plate was determined using a digital colony counter, and statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey test. 5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite showed maximum antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis when compared to 3.8% Silver Diamine Fluoride, 100mg/ml Vitex Negundo Linn, 0.2 % Nano Chitosan, 0.9% Normal Saline and 2% Chlorhexidine. The present in-vitro study indicates that all the tested have exhibited effective antimicrobial efficacy against E. faecalis, with 5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite(Group C) found to be most effective against E. faecalis followed by the other irrigants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Herbal medicines are in great demand for preliminary health care due to their wide medicinal value, with no side effects. Since many species are used in the system of traditional medicine, scientists have great opportunities to develop appropriate packages of practices for their multiplication and conservation. Abrus precatorius is the native plant of India and used in many ways in the Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine. This seeds of the species is dormant due to hard seed coat. So the aim of the study is to remove seed dormancy and enhance germination capacity within a short period. To overcome the problem of dormancy, seeds were scarified by seed scarifier and sand paper and also treated with acid (H2SO4) and hot water just before sowing. 60-95% germination was achieved under different treatment conditions while the seeds without any treatment fail to germinate. The highest (95%) germination was observed just 12 days after sowing in seeds treated with concentrated H2SO4 for 120 minutes. 70-75% germination was achieved when the seeds were treated with acid for 105 and 135 minutes. Seeds treated with con. H2SO4 for 150, 90 and 60 minutes and also scarified by sand paper showed similar results with 60-65% germination. The seeds scarified by a mechanical scarifier and treated with hot water did not show more than 32.5% germination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased commercial interest in traditional medicine has made international and national communities to revise and amends their law to protect their unique systems and reward local indigenous communities to whom knowledge essentially belongs. This paper is an effort to define traditional medicine and its relevance across the people in Indian tribal areas. How people in ancient India attracted people across the world to get benefited by this medicinal heritage. Of course it was a pious blessing for people of India who arranged their bread and butter with the help of traditional medicine. Traditional medicines are the most valuable asset for the developing countries like India. India is a natural resources rich country and very popular for their traditional assets like Ayurvedic medicines and other kind of herbs. The key focus in this paper on people living in tribal areas are having the skills to identify right herbs and shrubs to treat patients and it could be commercialized for the benefits of all those and improve their lively hood. Available literatures indicated that there are great uses of traditional medicines in India and it was only available option for the patients. Apart from that due to side effects of synthetic products, herbal products are gaining popularity in the world market. In spite of well-practiced knowledge of herbal medicine and occurrence of a large number of medicinal plants, the share of India in the global market is not up to the mark. The present study deals with the measures to be adopted for global promotion of Indian herbal products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent attacks. The economic and societal burden of migraine is substantial, affecting patients' quality of life in terms of work, social activities, and family life. This article attempts to review the available literature for clinical evidence of Ayurveda in the management of migraines. We performed a literature search from January 2000 to July 2020 on popular search engines such as Pub Med, Google Scholar, and AYUSH Research Portal using the keywords "Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) and Migraine", "Ayurveda and Migraine" and "Panchakarma and Migraine". The selection criteria involved published clinical trials, including pilot studies, whereas review articles, concept papers, letters to the editor, and studies published in languages other than English were excluded. Out of 77 studies that were screened, 12 articles that satisfied the selection criteria consisted of six Randomized controlled Trials (RCTs), five non-RCTs, and one pilot study. Among them, ten studies used polyherbal and Herbo mineral formulations, two studies contained no oral medications, three trials utilized external therapies, and ten studies used panchakarma procedures. Eleven studies found Ayurveda to be clinically beneficial as monotherapy, while one study demonstrated the usefulness of Ayurveda as an add-on to conventional management. This review reveals the beneficial role of Ayurveda in the management of migraines without many side effects. Yet several limitations exist, like small sample size, short follow up, and lack of better outcome measures for pre and post-assessments. Future research should overcome these limitations and follow a robust methodology so that definitive conclusions can be drawn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the ancient India, men are blessed with the bountiful bliss of good health and sound mind where yoga and ayurveda has its own prominent significance. It is analysed that people thrived for longer years with more elasticity in their living. The Puranic Veda and Upanishads have elaborated the notable existence of Ayureda and yogic culture as a theory. Hindu mythology is rich in its heritage of sharing in abundance the application of Ayurvedic science for a healthy lifestyle. The utilization of 'sanjeevani leaves' for reviving the life of Lakshman in the great epic the Ramayana still creates an aura in the field of contemporary scientific observations. In the Indian mythological reading, 'nature' has a significantly remarkable position. They worship nature as a motherly archetype, bestowing respect and care for the natural world and in return Mother Nature offers shelter, food, good health and innumerable other benefits. The ecocritical theory of the current horrid practices of the anthropocene men on the divergent natural world is contrasted by the earlier eco-worshipping people. The Indian popular writer and mythologist Amish Tripathi has touched on such themes of nature and physical sciences in his writings. The author has altered stories from the Hindu mythology and has renarrated them with modern elements. The book series Shiva Trilogy, has accounted the lifestyle of Shiva, a humble tribal man from the Land of Mansarover Lake in Tibet along with Parvati and her kinsmen the Meluhans. The novel depicts the story of Somras, the ethereal drink of long life. The Meluhans are notable for their visible practices of ayurveda, medicinal sciences and yogic habits and their cherishing reliance on nature. The paper attempts to articulate the specific practices of ayurvedic relevance and physical sciences through the lens of mytho-science in understanding the concept of 'scientific components' behind myth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various aspects of aging in Ayurveda literature has been explored and correlated it with modern biological understanding. The concept of longevity is better understood upon the baseline understanding of Aging ie. Jara. Manda Jara or Ajara is synonymous with longevity. Vriddhavastha/Jirnavastha/Jara (old age) is the period after 60 or 70 years of age. This stage of life becomes very crucial as degenerative changes occur in the body. Deterioration occurs to Dhatus, Indriya (perception power), Bala (strength), Virya (potency), Utsaha (enthusiasm), Paurusha (masculinity), Parakrama (valour), Grahana (reception), Dharana (retention), Smarana (memory), Vachana (speech). Brihatrayis and Laghutrayis were reviewed to analyze the various aspects of Ayu and Jara and correlated with research papers establishing the concept of aging in terms of evidence-based technological advancements. Databases like PubMed, Scopus were searched using keywords like Jara, Ayu Lakshana, Aging, Old age, Senescence, biomarkers, DNA, blood biochemistry, proteomics, genomics, microbiota, microbiome, androgen, estrogen, lipolysis, peripheral blood monocytes, collagen, cognitive function; with the help of Boolean operators. Various aspects of Jara in Ayurveda have been analyzed by taking ample references from evidence-based technological advancements related to the physiology of aging. The indicators of biological aging based on recent researches like genomic irregularities, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, altered protein expression, immunological markers, oxidative stress, pathological microbiota profile, telomere shortening in peripheral blood monocytes, lipolysis, and many other factors have been put forward for basic evidence in relation with Jara Lakshana. Understanding the physiology of aging will give the insight to manage the elderly. So, the need of the hour is to develop strategies or to conduct more researches which prevent senile disorders and thus increase the health span for the future generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Problem-based learning (PBL) is a well-known student-centered instructional approach that is known to enhance problem-solving skills among the learners. Because teaching/learning methods in most of the Ayurveda colleges in India are still didactic and teacher centric, the effects of introducing PBL have not yet been evaluated. The primary objective of this study was to develop PBL modules for Kriya Sharira (Ayurveda Physiology) and their implementation in a hybrid format. In this method, PBL is used as an add-on component along with didactic lectures. The secondary objective of the study was to compare the learning outcomes achieved through hybrid problem-based learning (HPBL) with those achieved through conventional teaching. Design: This is a prospectively planned post-test-only, controlled interventional design with nonequivalent groups. However, the results have been analyzed in a retrospective manner. Subjects: Students enrolled in the first professional Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery program during two consecutive academic sessions 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 at the Banaras Hindu University were included in the study. While the cohort from 2016 to 2017 session served as the control group, the one from 2017 to 2018 session served as the experimental group. Interventions: The instructional method commonly known as HPBL was introduced to the experimental group. Outcome measures: Five test papers containing mostly Multiple Choice Questions for five different topics were used as the tools for evaluating the learning outcomes in both the groups. Feedback forms regarding the experiences of undergoing HPBL were obtained from experimental group. Results: While the test results for three topics showed that the outcomes of HPBL were comparable with conventional teaching, the results on other two topics suggested that HPBL was slightly better. Feedback obtained showed that there is a considerable acceptance for HPBL over conventional method. Conclusions: The study shows that it is possible to implement HPBL method in a large classroom in the context of Ayurveda education. The findings also indicate that students find HPBL as an acceptable teaching method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ongoing coronavirus pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2) and unique in various facets. The earlier experience from the past severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemics seem to be insufficient and there is need for better strategies in public health and medical care. Ayurved & Yog are well known for their preventive and therapeutic aspect, but not getting utilized properly for prevention of Covid 19 crisis which may also be helpful as supportive therapy along with current line of management. This paper is aimed at unrevealing the role of Ayurved and Yoga guidelines established by Department of AYUSH for prevention from SARS-CoV-2 by providing help to improving the quality of supportive/prophylactic therapy in relation with their immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the early autobiographical work of the popular health and wellbeing guru, Deepak Chopra. The autobiography (entitled Return of the Rishi) is Chopra's account of his early forays into meditation and Āyurveda, the Indian health tradition. It is the story of his "spiritual transformation" and his development into a proficient Āyurvedic healer. Following the lead of his one-time guru and mentor, Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Chopra represents Āyurveda as "consciousness-based" medicine. This paper demonstrates how, by means of a series of narrative strategies deploying the motif of the semi-divine ṛṣi, or sage, and foregrounding personal experience as the ultimate source of spiritual legitimacy and authority, Chopra (a biomedical doctor with little or no formal training in Āyurveda) seeks to secure legitimacy as an authority on Āyurveda and an adept with extraordinary healing powers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stressors have a major influence upon mood, our sense of well-being, behavior, and health. Acute stress responses in young, healthy individuals may be adaptive and typically do not impose a health burden. However, if the threat is unremitting, particularly in older or unhealthy individuals, the long-term effects of stressors can damage health. This paper attempts to look at the strategies for sports coaches in managing stressful situations in sports competitions. This paper therefore, writes in the introduction, the concepts of stress, competition based stress, management, stress management in sports, stress in sports psychology. The paper also examines the sources of stress. It looks critically at the levels of stress in competitive sports. The relationship between psychosocial stressors and disease is affected by the nature, number, and persistence of the stressors as well as by the individual's biological vulnerability (i.e., genetics, constitutional factors), psychosocial resources, and learned patterns of coping. Psychosocial interventions have proven useful for treating stress-related disorders and may influence the course of chronic diseases. The paper also highlights some specific stress management strategies which sports coaches have to employ to aid excellent performance in sports competition. It also identifies the educational implications of stress management in sports competitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the ayurvedic treatment of Parkinson's disease. Ayurveda implies that the disease described as 'kampavata' occurs due to the imbalance of 'vata', one of the three bioentities responsible for normal body functioning. The drugs are aimed to reverse the 'vata' imbalance. Roots of 'Aswagandha' and 'Bala,' seeds of 'Atmagupta,' and 'Paraseekayavanee' are used as remedies besides the use of medicated oils, decoctions and powdered drugs.

Background: The oleo-gum resin of Commiphora wightii has been utilized for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Ruthless exploitation of this species with negligible conservation efforts has led to its inclusion in the International Union for Conservation of Nature assemblage of endangered plant species. Objectives: In this paper, the impact of plant aging and geographical variations of guggulsterone (GS) content in oleo-gum resin collected from different geographical regions of India has been examined. Materials and Methods: The oleo-gum resin samples of different age groups and geographical regions of India (Kutch, Morena, Jodhpur, Jaipur, and Pakistan border of Kutch) were collected directly from the site and examined to check the concentration of GS-E and Z by high-performance liquid chromatography. Comprehensive metabolomic profiling of samples was done through liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results: The data showed that there is no significant variation was found in the concentration of GS-E and Z with the change in the age of C. wightti plant. The oleo-gum resin samples of Morena showed a high percentage range of GSs (0.88%–2.17% w/w), whereas Jaipur samples showed a lower percentage of GSs (0.56%–0.89% w/w). From metabolomics profiling, 11 high-intensity metabolites were identified in samples of all major regions of India. Conclusion: This study indicates that there is no impact of plant aging on the GS contents. The Indian regions such as Morena, Kutch, and Pakistan border near Kutch regions can be used as a potential source for mass multiplication of guggul plants to get the good quality of the oleo-gum resin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ayurveda has described about the pathogenesis and the treatment of various disorders, the incidence of some of which have increased in the present scenario. Janu Sandhigata Vata correlated with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint is one such chronic, degenerative, inflammatory disease which has a great impact on the quality of the life of an individual. Different modalities of treatment have been explained in the classics to tackle the condition effectively. Methodology: In the present study, an attempt has been made to review the various clinical research works done in the management of OA of the knee, which are registered in various research portal. In AYUSH Research Portal using the keywords Ayurveda-clinical research-musculoskeletal disorders-osteoarthrosis of knee-Janu Sandhigata Vata and in PubMed using clinical research-Ayurveda-OA. The studies reviewed were categorized depending on the treatment used in the management of the condition. Results: Fifty three research works were registered under AYUSH Research Portal with 34 full papers. There were 12 research papers in PubMed, out of which 6 papers which dealt with OA of the knee were reviewed. Among these six, three already existed in AYUSH Research Portal. The results were discussed by categorizing the studies as per the treatment used. Conclusion: Among the papers reviewed, most of them dealt with few modalities of treatment rather than the complete classical line of the treatment. The evidence-based research involving multimodality treatment with long-term follow-up covering various aspects of prevention and cure has to be conducted which is the need of the hour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ayurveda is a traditional system of healthcare that is native to India and has a rich documented literature of its own. Most of the historians agree that the documentation of core Ayurveda literature took place approximately in between 400 BCE and 200 CE, while acknowledging that the roots of its theoretical framework can be traced back to a much earlier period. For multiple reasons many significant contributions of Ayurveda literature to various streams of biological and medical sciences have remained under-recognized while recounting the historical milestones of development. This is true in the context of the physiology of digestion and metabolism too. In this communication we try to reconstruct a picture of the processes of digestion and metabolism as had been understood by ancient Ayurveda scholars. Though this understanding was primitive and insufficient in many ways, we argue that this deserves to be documented and acknowledged. To help with grasping the importance of these contributions, we juxtapose them with the corresponding insights pertaining to this subject reported by prominent western scientists. The major contributions of Ayurveda that have been recounted in this paper are those related to the description of three distinct phases of digestion (Avasthapaka), multiple sets of transformative entities acting at different levels of metabolism (Agni), and the roles ascribed to various internal and external factors in executing these physiological functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents three embedded episodes in the life of a polyherbal drug indicated as a preventative measure for hangovers. Invented and marketed in 2005 by a leading ayurvedic pharmaceutical company in India, PartySmart is a reformulated compound based on ayurvedic, biomedical and phytochemical sources. This creative process has involved multiple translations, resulting in hybrid pharmacological models, including, for instance, ayurvedic post-digestive tastes and biomedical effects on enzymatic activities. These modes of therapeutic action are conceptualizations of an active drug – i.e. a digested and metabolized drug. A problem arises, however, in the fact that the ingestion of this drug is linked to alcohol consumption in a country where it is widely considered in negative terms. For this reason, PartySmart was seen as an ambivalent presence in the firm's catalogue and thus a series of interventions aiming to uphold the image of this drug transformed both its social inscription and its materiality. This transformation also took a different, global trajectory as the drug gradually developed as a transnational pharmaceutical commodity and became a new object in new latitudes. By focusing on the social and material dimensions of this drug in these contexts, this paper calls upon science studies to expand the scope of pharmaceutical anthropology. It brings together various layers of analysis to offer new perspectives on contemporary herbal formulations as they traverse material cultures, medical epistemologies, sociopolitical borders, legal environments and social practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the experiences with government sanctioned Ayurvedic college education of 14 young Ayurvedic doctors working at the Integrative Health Centre in Bangalore, India. Unfamiliarity with Ayurvedic logic and Indian natural philosophies, lack of clinical training and the mixing-up of Ayurvedic and biomedical notions are their main complaints. The 14 young Ayurvedic doctors also missed a convincing perspective on how to integrate Ayurvedic logic, modern scientific knowledge and biomedical diagnostics. Ayurvedic state sanctioned education seems to be caught between Ayurveda's natural philosophy of health and the techno-science of biomedicine. The Ayurvedic doctors under scrutiny face the danger of becoming ‘half-baked products’ when they do not learn to reflect on the tension between Indian traditional knowledge and biomedical learning. The paper argues that the logic of modern science and biomedicine's claim to value-free knowledge captivates Ayurvedic education and research. This hinders Ayurveda's development as a vibrant alterity to biomedicine. What is needed is a critical social science perspective on the construction of medical knowledge and India's hierarchical medical landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integrative approach for wellness has become an arena where integrating the indigenous practice with the dominant bio-medical system has activated a transformation process. Further, a debate characterized by fundamental dichotomies of health/wellness is there to find an approach in agreement with holistic wellness. The limitations of protocol-driven medical science and avoiding the patient behind the patient have again compelled us during this pandemic to explore holistic health. This paper presents an analysis and explores the feasibility of Ayurveda as an integrative system to wellness and tests the Ayurveda concept of holistic wellness against three such dichotomies: 'health' vs wellness, 'body' vs 'mind,' and 'curative vs. preventive,' where the current medical model can be said to represent the first elements in the three dichotomies. Keeping the current Covid-19 pandemic as a critical incident, researchers tried to justify that the synergistic confluence will act as a complementary/supportive knowledge in humanity's struggle against the pandemic. For synergistic confluence of Ayurveda and medical Science, the scientist's temperament and evidence-based medical science approach should be applied to validate the principles and therapies of Ayurveda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globalization is the process of international integration arising from interchange of the world’s views, products, ideas and other aspects of the culture. Ayurveda has holistic approach towards health and diseases, lifestyle, using medications, diet and their fewer side effect .Globalization helps to propagate Ayurveda worldwide with the help of health tourism. India is emerging as a great destination for health tourism because it has several factors like excellent medical treatment at low cost, easy accessibility, picturesque locations for excellent holidays etc. Health tourism is not only beneficial for the foreigners but our country can also be benefitted financially. It will also help to spread the importance of Ayurveda worldwide. The physician can extend a helping hand in globalization of Ayurveda by being in their own motherland. Patients from industrialized nations seek health tourism because of high quality treatment at low cost. Panchakarma is one of the specialty of Kayachikitsa presents unique approach of Ayurveda with shodhana procedures of the body. Panchakarma provides promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilative aspect. There has been phenomenal increase in the demand for Panchakarma. Sharad ritu is the time for Pitta prakopa. The pitta which was accumulated in Varsha ritu gets provoked by ushna guna during this season. If proper care is not taken during this time, it will cause Pittaja vikara. Virechana is the method of purification, conducted in Sharad ritu for preventing and controlling pitta prakopa as a part of Ritukalina shodhana. In this current paper, we would like to discuss different aspects of health tourism with special reference to Sharadiya Virechana, which will contribute to propagate Ayurveda globally [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes an ethnographic look at laboratory discourses and procedures in the scientific construction of contemporary ayurvedic research in India. It opens up for analysis an experiment in a 'transdisciplinary' research laboratory that seeks to understand the methodological and epistemic logic of ayurvedic pharmacology with the help of research methodologies specific to modern Science. In doing so, this paper unravels the various meanings that Science has for its different stakeholders. I examine--as participant, observer, and trainee--a 'Sensory Analysis' experiment conducted by scientists at a pharmacology and pharmacognosy laboratory for ayurvedic medicine in Bangalore. Postcolonial science studies have analysed the ways in which discourses of science lead to new knowledges and technologies as well as new ways of organising traditional medical knowledge. Yet the processes that reconcile traditional and modem methodologies of pharmacological and pharmacognostic research have received less attention. The experiment that I am discussing here revisits the ayurvedic doctrine of savours and qualities to standardise not only the parameters indicating the nature of a drug, but also standardise the human body itself as a tool to develop a specific ayurvedic methodology. I argue that in its association with the laboratory and the experimental method, the pursuit of 'open-minded' dravyaguna research conceptualises new research in Ayurveda in terms of the right tools, simplifies complex knowledge, and reorganises the relationship of modem ayurvedic research with classical scientific thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SARS-CoV-2/novel coronavirus is a fresh virus strain that was first detected in the city of Wuhan located at Hubei province of China in December, 2019. Within a couple of months the virus has spread rapidly to different geographical regions through human transmission leading to serious disease burden worldwide. Although research is under progress to develop effective vaccine and drugs for the disease, a unified approach between conventional and traditional medicine system may prove to be beneficial in early prevention and management of the disease. Joint efforts are being put up at global scientific community level to enhance the research on advancement of meticulous diagnostics, antiviral measures and finally leading to development of an effective vaccine against the novel coronavirus. Some basic and safe measures from AYUSH systems of medicine have also been advocated for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 which can be used independently or with integrated approach. The rationale of this review paper is to provide the details regarding disease spectrum, modes of transmission, social & economic consequences, and role of AYUSH systems of medicine in prevention and management of COVID-19. Based on the signs and symptoms of COVID-19, list of herbs and drugs of AYUSH systems of medicine were also searched and are being reported here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Autism is a neuro-developmental ailment seen in the preschool age. It is a lifelong condition and requires long term and multiple treatment interventions. Aim and Objective: To review and present a possible prevention and treatment protocol on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Material and Method: The present study is based on the literature search from Ayurveda compendia, recent pediatric textbooks, articles published in research journals from 1983 to 2019. Observations and Result: ASDs are the complex diseases with imbalance of Tridosha and Dwimanasdoshas (fundamental principles of body and mind), based on typical clinical features which match with DSM-V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) that can be correlated with Unmada (Psychosis/insanity). ASDs can be classified into Autism, Asperger's and Rett's syndrome. The probable etiopathogenesis may be defective organogenesis, brain damage, metabolic or genetic changes. Discussion: Acharya emphasized on Yuktivyapashray (rational therapy), Daiva vyapashray (nonpharmacological spiritual therapy) and Satvavajay chikitsa (Ayurveda psychotherapy) altogether in Unmad treatment due to its complex nature. Recently developed therapies such as play therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy-CBT can be a good adjuvant with Ayurvedic management of ASDs for better quality of life. Conclusion: As no satisfactory treatment is available in modern medicine till now, multi-modal treatment such as Ayurveda, behavioral therapy, physiotherapy, occupational therapy and early educational interventions might be beneficial to treat ASDs effectively. This review paper will be a torchbearer in the prevention and management of ASDs with the whole system approach and proposed management algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]