158 results
Search Results
2. Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP) position paper on the immune debt of the COVID-19 pandemic in childhood, how can we fill the immunity gap?
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Alexis Rybak, Nicole Guiso, Muhamed-Kheir Taha, Marion Ashman, Corinne Levy, Robert Cohen, Naim Ouldali, Emmanuel Grimprel, François Angoulvant, Emmanuelle Varon, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique [Paris] (GPIP), Société Française de Pédiatrie (SFP), Centre National de Référence des Méningocoques et Haemophilus influenzae - National Reference Center Meningococci and Haemophilus influenzae (CNR), Institut Pasteur [Paris], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), No funding, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), HAL-SU, Gestionnaire, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), and École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
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medicine.medical_specialty ,[SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology ,Vaccination schedule ,Bordetella ,Population ,Covid-19 pandemic ,Infections ,Measles ,VZV ,Article ,Herd immunity ,Immune System Phenomena ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics ,0302 clinical medicine ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Immunity ,030225 pediatrics ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Neisseria meningitides ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Intensive care medicine ,education ,[SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases ,[SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases ,[SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics ,Vaccines ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,COVID-19 ,medicine.disease ,vaccination ,3. Good health ,Vaccination ,Infectious Diseases ,Streptococcus pneumoniae ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,business - Abstract
International audience; Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, reduced incidence of many viral and bacterial infections has been reported in children: bronchiolitis, varicella, measles, pertussis, pneumococcal and meningococcal invasive diseases. The purpose of this opinion paper is to discuss various situations that could lead to larger epidemics when the non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) imposed by the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic will no longer be necessary.While NPIs limited the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, they also reduced the spread of other pathogens during and after lockdown periods, despite the re-opening of schools since June 2020 in France. This positive collateral effect in the short term is welcome as it prevents additional overload of the healthcare system. The lack of immune stimulation due to the reduced circulation of microbial agents and to the related reduced vaccine uptake induced an "immunity debt" which could have negative consequences when the pandemic is under control and NPIs are lifted. The longer these periods of "viral or bacterial low-exposure" are, the greater the likelihood of future epidemics. This is due to a growing proportion of "susceptible" people and a declined herd immunity in the population. The observed delay in vaccination program without effective catch-up and the decrease in viral and bacterial exposures lead to a rebound risk of vaccine-preventable diseases.With a vaccination schedule that does not include vaccines against rotavirus, varicella, and serogroup B and ACYW Neisseria meningitidis, France could become more vulnerable to some of these rebound effects.
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- 2021
3. ANZCA Annual Scientific Meeting (ASM) Faculty of Pain Medicine (FPM) Best Free Paper Award Session Abstracts.
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MEDICINE , *CHRONIC pain , *AWARDS , *COLLEGE teachers , *STAKEHOLDER analysis , *CONFERENCES & conventions , *QUALITATIVE research , *HUMAN services programs , *MEDICAL referrals , *THEMATIC analysis , *PAIN management , *MEDICAL societies , *COVID-19 pandemic - Published
- 2022
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4. Corrigendum to: ANZCA Annual Scientific Meeting (ASM) Faculty of Pain Medicine (FPM) Best Free Paper Award Session Abstracts.
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MEDICINE , *CHRONIC pain , *AWARDS , *COLLEGE teachers , *STAKEHOLDER analysis , *CONFERENCES & conventions , *HUMAN services programs , *MEDICAL referrals , *PAIN management , *MEDICAL societies , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
A correction is presented to the article "ANZCA Annual Scientific Meeting (ASM) Faculty of Pain Medicine (FPM) Best Free Paper Award Session Abstracts" published in November 29, 2022 issue.
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- 2023
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5. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic & Telehealth Implementation in a Student Run Free Clinic
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Robert P. Pierce, Zachary C. Reuter, Nicole M. Hitchcock, Madeline E. Simon, and Michela M. Fabricius
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Health (social science) ,Free clinic ,Student Run Clinic ,Population ,education ,Ethnic group ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Telehealth ,Health Services Accessibility ,film.subject ,Rurality ,Pandemic ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Pandemics ,health care economics and organizations ,education.field_of_study ,Original Paper ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,Middle Aged ,Health equity ,Telemedicine ,film ,Uninsured ,Family medicine ,Health disparities ,business ,Student run free clinic - Abstract
Student run free clinics (SRFCs) fill a void in healthcare access for many communities and have been subject to unprecedented shifts in care delivery brought about by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our single-center institution serving uninsured patients in central Missouri switched from in-person visits to strictly telehealth visits with the onset of the pandemic. This study investigated the impact of the pandemic and the switch to telehealth on the clinic return rates by ethnicity, race, gender, rurality, and age. The pandemic led to a 47.4% reduction in the number of monthly patient encounters. Of the established SRFC population (N = 309), only 87 patients (28.2%) returned for a telehealth visit during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older patients (≥ 45 years old) were more likely to return (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.02–2.85) for care via telehealth after the onset of the pandemic than younger patients (
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- 2021
6. Determining the Religious Coping Styles of Adolescents in Turkey During COVID-19
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Ayfer Kara, Türkan Kadiroğlu, and Fatma Güdücü Tüfekci
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coping (psychology) ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Adolescent ,Turkey ,Subscale score ,education ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Adolescents ,Religious coping ,Adaptation, Psychological ,medicine ,Humans ,Social isolation ,Pandemics ,General Nursing ,Original Paper ,Academic year ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public health ,Religious studies ,Life satisfaction ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Test score ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
We sought to evaluate the religious coping styles of adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its restrictions. The study was conducted online during the 2020 academic year among students in three randomly selected high schools in a city center located in Eastern Turkey. The students studying in the chosen high schools who agreed to participate were included in the study (n = 514). We found that most adolescents were anxious, had been affected in terms of health and life satisfaction, and felt sad due to isolation. Almost all subjects attached importance to their religious beliefs. The adolescents' mean Religious Coping Scale score was 2.23 ± 0.50, their mean Positive Religious Coping subscale score was 2.91 ± 0.73, and their mean Negative Religious Coping subscale score was 1.54 ± 0.52. Specifically, male adolescents of ages 15-17 whose incomes were less than their expenditures and who lived in a broken family had the highest level of negative religious coping. In light of these findings, adolescents can be supported by teaching them to develop positive religious coping styles during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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- 2021
7. Digital Teaching in Medical Education: Scientific Literature Landscape Review.
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Wai Kan Yeung, Andy, Parvanov, Emil D., Hribersek, Mojca, Eibensteiner, Fabian, Klager, Elisabeth, Kletecka-Pulker, Maria, Rössler, Bernhard, Schebesta, Karl, Willschke, Harald, Atanasov, Atanas G., and Schaden, Eva
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MEDICAL education ,ONLINE education ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,COVID-19 pandemic ,VISUALIZATION - Abstract
Background: Digital teaching in medical education has grown in popularity in the recent years. However, to the best of our knowledge, no bibliometric report to date has been published that analyzes this important literature set to reveal prevailing topics and trends and their impacts reflected in citation counts. Objective: We used a bibliometric approach to unveil and evaluate the scientific literature on digital teaching research in medical education, demonstrating recurring research topics, productive authors, research organizations, countries, and journals. We further aimed to discuss some of the topics and findings reported by specific highly cited works. Methods: The Web of Science electronic database was searched to identify relevant papers on digital teaching research in medical education. Basic bibliographic data were obtained by the "Analyze" and "Create Citation Report" functions of the database. Complete bibliographic data were exported to VOSviewer for further analyses. Visualization maps were generated to display the recurring author keywords and terms mentioned in the titles and abstracts of the publications. Results: The analysis was based on data from 3978 papers that were identified. The literature received worldwide contributions with the most productive countries being the United States and United Kingdom. Reviews were significantly more cited, but the citations between open access vs non--open access papers did not significantly differ. Some themes were cited more often, reflected by terms such as virtual reality, innovation, trial, effectiveness, and anatomy. Different aspects in medical education were experimented for digital teaching, such as gross anatomy education, histology, complementary medicine, medicinal chemistry, and basic life support. Some studies have shown that digital teaching could increase learning satisfaction, knowledge gain, and even cost-effectiveness. More studies were conducted on trainees than on undergraduate students. Conclusions: Digital teaching in medical education is expected to flourish in the future, especially during this era of COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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8. Differential psychological response to the COVID-19 pandemic in psychiatric inpatients compared to a non-clinical population from Germany
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Markus Bühner, Stephanie Rek, Matthias Reinhard, Frank Padberg, Peter Falkai, Kristina Adorjan, Daniel Freeman, and Sofie Grosen
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Psychological response ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Germany ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,education ,Psychiatry ,Pandemics ,Biological Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,education.field_of_study ,Original Paper ,Inpatients ,business.industry ,Psychiatric inpatients ,Mental Disorders ,Stressor ,COVID-19 ,Loneliness ,General Medicine ,Mental health ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Case-Control Studies ,Rumination ,Anxiety ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,COVID-19-specific stressors ,Psychosocial ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is an inherently stressful situation, which may lead to adverse psychosocial outcomes in various populations. Yet, individuals may not be affected equally by stressors posed by the pandemic and those with pre-existing mental disorders could be particularly vulnerable. To test this hypothesis, we assessed the psychological response to the pandemic in a case–control design. We used an age-, sex- and employment status-matched case–control sample (n = 216) of psychiatric inpatients, recruited from the LMU Psychiatry Biobank Munich study and non-clinical individuals from the general population. Participants completed validated self-report measures on stress, anxiety, depression, paranoia, rumination, loneliness, well-being, resilience, and a newly developed index of stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the effects of group, COVID-19-specific stressors, and their interaction on the different psychosocial outcomes. While psychiatric inpatients reported larger mental health difficulties overall, the impact of COVID-19-specific stressors was lower in patients and not associated with worse psychological functioning compared to non-clinical individuals. In contrast, depressive symptoms, rumination, loneliness, and well-being were more strongly associated with COVID-19-specific stressors in non-clinical individuals and similar to the severity of inpatients for those who experienced the greatest COVID-19-specific stressor impact Contrary to expectations, the psychological response to the pandemic may not be worse in psychiatric inpatients compared to non-clinical individuals. Yet, individuals from the general population, who were hit hardest by the pandemic, should be monitored and may be in need of mental health prevention and treatment efforts. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00406-021-01291-7.
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- 2021
9. Globally altered sleep patterns and physical activity levels by confinement in 5056 individuals
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Sebastian Schulz, Khadijeh Irandoust, Ramzi Al-Horani, Bassem Bouaziz, Saša Pišot, Liwa Masmoudi, Mohamed Romdhani, Omar Boukhris, Albina Andreeva, Hsen Hsouna, Ellen Bentlage, Jan Delhey, Anita Hoekelmann, Gamal Mohamed Ali, Ismail Dergaa, Nizar Souissi, Andrea Gaggioli, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Khaled Trabelsi, Fernando Barbosa, Helmi Ben Saad, Sophia Bastoni, Kais El Abed, Jonathan Gómez-Raja, Karim Chamari, Cain C T Clark, Omar Hammouda, Mona A. Ahmed, Faiez Gargouri, Osama Abdelkarim, Achraf Ammar, Rado Pišot, Nicholas T. Bott, Daniella How, Wassim Moalla, Monique Epstein, Achim Jerg, Piotr Zmijewski, Carlos Soares Pernambuco, Boštjan Šimunič, Bryan L. Riemann, Tarak Driss, Hamdi Chtourou, Annemarie Braakman-Jansen, Parasanth Sankar, Samira C. khoshnami, Notger Mueller, Christian Apfelbacher, Jordan M. Glenn, Mohamed Jarraya, Jürgen M. Steinacker, Vasiliki Zisi, Jana Strahler, Nafaa Souissi, Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Michael Brach, Aïmen Khacharem, Robbert Sanderman, Emma A. Mitchell, Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos, Morteza Taheri, Fernando Ferreira-Santos, Jarred P Acton, Jad Adrian Washif, Stephen J. Bailey, Lisette van Gemert-Pijnen, Asma Aloui, Waseem Ahmed, Hadj Batatia, Mohamed Jmail, Christian Wrede, Lotfi Chaari, Laurel Riemann, Taysir Mansi, Evangelia Samara, Patrick Mueller, Psychology, Health & Technology, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, and Health Psychology Research (HPR)
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IMPACT ,pandemije ,coronavirus ,ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE ,QUALITY INDEX ,gibanje ,Metabolic equivalent ,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ,restrictions ,psihosocialno zdravje ,0302 clinical medicine ,sedentary lifestyle ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,ddc:796 ,udc:796.012:613.79:616-036.21 ,ukrepi ,življenski stil ,RISK ,Sleep hygiene ,psychosocial health ,public health ,sedentarnost ,Sleep in non-human animals ,Health ,RELIABILITY ,behaviours ,isolation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lifestyle ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,telesna aktivnost ,Lockdowns ,DURATION ,Sedentary lifestyle ,METABOLIC CONSEQUENCES ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Physiology (medical) ,apanje ,BENEFITS ,sleep ,OLDER-ADULTS ,Original Paper ,business.industry ,koronavirus ,Public health ,pandemic ,javno zdravje ,physical activities ,COVID-19 ,Sleep patterns ,obnašanje ,LOCKDOWN ,business ,home confinement ,Sleep ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Demography ,izolacija - Abstract
Symptoms of psychological distress and disorder have been widely reported in people under quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic;in addition to severe disruption of peoples’ daily activity and sleep patterns This study investigates the association between physical-activity levels and sleep patterns in quarantined individuals An international Google online survey was launched in April 6th, 2020 for 12-weeks Forty-one research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia, and the Americas promoted the survey through their networks to the general society, which was made available in 14 languages The survey was presented in a differential format with questions related to responses “before” and “during” the confinement period Participants responded to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire 5056 replies (59 4% female), from Europe (46 4%), Western-Asia (25 4%), America (14 8%) and North-Africa (13 3%) were analysed The COVID-19 home confinement led to impaired sleep quality, as evidenced by the increase in the global PSQI score (4 37 ± 2 71 before home confinement vs 5 32 ± 3 23 during home confinement) (p
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- 2021
10. Does Religion Influence the Motivations of Future Healthcare Professionals to Volunteer During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland? An Exploratory Study
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Jan Domaradzki and Dariusz Walkowiak
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Volunteers ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,education ,Exploratory research ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Commit ,Computer-assisted web interviewing ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Religiosity ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pandemics ,General Nursing ,Volunteering ,060303 religions & theology ,Original Paper ,Motivation ,Health professionals ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public health ,Religious studies ,COVID-19 ,Future healthcare professionals ,06 humanities and the arts ,General Medicine ,Religion ,Poland ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Delivery of Health Care - Abstract
This study was designed to determine the relation between religion and the motivations of future healthcare professionals to volunteer during the COVID-19 outbreak in Poland. Data were collected from 417 healthcare students via an online questionnaire. The results indicated that although students’ religiosity was not a significant predictor of volunteering during the pandemic, it played a key role in determining their motivations to join the fight against COVID-19. There was a significant positive relationship between students’ religiosity and their eagerness to commit for the sake of the community rather than for personal or egoistic motives.
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- 2021
11. Will We Ever Again Conduct in-Person Psychotherapy Sessions? Factors Associated with the Decision to Provide in-Person Therapy in the Age of COVID-19
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Liat Shklarski, Allison Abrams, and Elana Bakst
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050103 clinical psychology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Psychotherapist ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Telehealth ,Telepsychotherapy ,computer.software_genre ,Ambivalence ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Videoconferencing ,Pandemic ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Reimbursement ,Original Paper ,In-person psychotherapy ,Public health ,05 social sciences ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Psychology ,computer - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a new reality on the delivery of psychotherapeutic services. Therapists have had to rapidly adapt to telehealth therapy using various video conferencing technologies while working from spaces that were not necessarily designed for delivering therapy sessions. While COVID-19 continues to be present in therapists' lives and shapes how they provide services, answering the question of whether to meet with clients in person again is a decision laden with complexity and ambivalence. In this mixed-method study, surveys with 169 therapists and interviews with 17 therapists were used to determine the factors that currently influence their attitudes toward resuming traditional in-person psychotherapy in light of COVID-19. We focused on the therapists' personal and professional characteristics to assess their plans to continue with telepsychotherapy or return to a traditional psychotherapy setting. Our findings suggest that positive attitudes toward telepsychotherapy, the lack of an effective vaccine, clients' satisfaction with telepsychotherapy, insurance reimbursement for telepsychotherapy, and negative attitudes toward wearing masks during sessions influenced therapists' decisions on whether or not to return to traditional in-person psychotherapy in the age of COVID-19.
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- 2021
12. The Impact of COVID-19 on Provider Perceptions of Telemental Health
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Jessica L. Lawson and Jennifer M. Doran
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Adult ,Male ,Mental Health Services ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Attitude of Health Personnel ,Health Personnel ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Effectiveness ,Positive perception ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Provider perceptions ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pandemics ,Aged ,Telemental health ,Aged, 80 and over ,Original Paper ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public health ,Female sex ,COVID-19 ,Middle Aged ,Mental health ,Telemedicine ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Family medicine ,Attitudes ,Videoconferencing ,Female ,Psychology ,Stress, Psychological - Abstract
The present study was designed to assess mental health provider attitudes and perceptions of telemental health (TMH) prior to and during the COVID-19 Pandemic, as well as the nature of their TMH utilization. The study aimed to gather information about positive and negative attitudes towards TMH, perceptions and correlates based on the modality of care, and beliefs about the overall effectiveness of TMH as compared to face-to-face care. The current study is part of a larger mixed methods project utilizing a repeated cross-sectional design. An online survey was administered to a sample of 1448 mental health providers and included demographic and professional information, experiences with and perceptions of TMH prior to and during the COVID-19 Pandemic, as well as a brief measure of pandemic-related stress. The COVID-19 Pandemic resulted in an increased use of TMH in the study sample. During COVID-19, providers reported increased agreement with TMH being necessary, important, and effective for care delivery. Providers who primarily used video, compared with telephone, reported that TMH was more useful, satisfying, and effective. While negative attitude towards TMH was predicted only by prior attitudes and belief in TMH effectiveness, positive attitude towards TMH was also predicted by female sex and current level of pandemic related stress. TMH use during the pandemic was predicted by primary use of video platform and previous TMH use. The 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic resulted in increased use of TMH and significantly increased positive perceptions about TMH among mental health providers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11126-021-09899-7.
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- 2021
13. Psychological problems among the university students in Saudi Arabia during the COVID‐19 pandemic
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Ashraf A. Ewis, El-Sayed Atlam, Nader El-Qerafi, Momen El-Shazly, Omar Al-Hazazi, Zeinab Mohammed, and Ahmed Arafa
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Universities ,education ,Saudi Arabia ,Disease ,Anxiety ,Psychological health ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,Pandemics ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Psychiatry ,Original Paper ,students ,business.industry ,Depression ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public health ,COVID-19 ,Anxiety stress ,COVID‐19 pandemic ,General Medicine ,Original Papers ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Family medicine ,psychological problems ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Stress, Psychological - Abstract
Background The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic is a public health emergency that represents a challenge to psychological health. This study aimed to assess the psychological conditions among university students in Saudi Arabia during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods During the period between the 4th and 18th of June 2020, the students of Umm AlQura University in Saudi Arabia were invited to complete an online survey. The survey assessed their sociodemographic characteristics, educational disciplines, and manifestations of psychological health problems including depression, anxiety, and stress as determined by the Arabic version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale‐21 (DASS‐21). Results The study included 936 university students (56.4% women and 43.6% men). Of them, 41.1% had depressive symptoms (31.7% mild to moderate and 9.4% severe to very severe), 26.9% had anxiety symptoms (15.8% mild to moderate and 11.1% severe to very severe), and 22.4% had stress symptoms (15.2% mild to moderate and 7.2% severe to very severe). Students who reported having a friend or relative infected with or died of COVID‐19, watching or reading news about the pandemic ≥2 hours/day, and not getting emotional support from family, university, and society were more likely to show psychological problems. Conclusion Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were common among Saudi university students during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Psychological counselling and support should be provided to university students in Saudi Arabia.
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- 2021
14. How a few poorly designed COVID-19 studies may have contributed to misinformation in Brazil: the case for evidence-based communication of science
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Kenio Costa de Lima, Tatiana Pereira-Cenci, João de Deus Barreto Segundo, Gabriel Gonçalves da Costa, Charles Lucena Alves, Inácio Crochemore-Silva, and Flávio Fernando Demarco
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Evidence-based practice ,Actuarial science ,Blinding ,media_common.quotation_subject ,press release ,COVID-19 ,COVID-19 pandemic ,General Medicine ,Data sharing ,Clinical trial ,Medicine ,Quality (business) ,Misinformation ,Position Paper ,Paywall ,Empirical evidence ,misinformation ,media_common - Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in the end of 2019, an aetiologic agent responsible for the 1SARS plunged the world into an unprecedented sanitary crisis. Papers on COVID-19 have been fast-tracked since then.2–5 Accelerated time from submission to publication6–8 and qualitative changes in peer review,9 associated with empirical evidence that duplicate and implausible clinical trials have been carried out during the pandemic,10–12 could perhaps imply lower quality of peer review in COVID-19 research. Accumulating empirical evidence has also been indicating the pandemic era output to be less reliable than its prepandemic counterpart.2 10–14 A systematic review to evaluate the methodological quality of COVID-19 peer-reviewed clinical studies compared with historical controls found methodological quality scores to be lower in COVID-19 articles across all study designs.12 Meanwhile, data sharing practices remained largely unchanged during the first year of the pandemic.13 14 With no mandates of data sharing in place for COVID-19 studies, the reproducibility of these data on COVID-19 is yet to be independently verified as well.2 However, more efficiency in scientific publication did manifest in accelerated publication,6–8 journals tearing down their paywalls for their COVID-19 output,14 an increased usage of life and medical sciences preprint servers to increase speed and transparency,15 not to mention the intense international collaboration that resulted in the development of multiple high-efficacy vaccines within the first year of the pandemic.16 On the other hand, some pratices that reduce the reliability of clinical trials may have gained some traction during 2020, such as executing underpowered studies with small samples, multiplicity of trials testing ideas with low prior probability of being true, forgoing blinding to test interventions10 11 14 17–20 and incomplete reporting of findings, which was already an issue before the pandemic.12 21 To …
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- 2021
15. Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on surgical practice in Kurdistan, Iraq: An online cross-sectional survey
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Ibrahim A Naqid, Nashwan Ibrahim, Dildar H Musa, Zana Sidiq M. Saleem, Nawfal R Hussein, and Karwan Jacksi
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Surgeons ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Cross-sectional study ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Kurdistan region ,Computer-assisted web interviewing ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Impact ,Age groups ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Family medicine ,Pandemic ,Health care ,Iraq ,Medicine ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Surgery ,business ,Personal protective equipment ,Research Paper - Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic is a major challenge to healthcare services in the world. It has negatively impacted surgical practice, and health workers. We aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical practice in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Methods An online cross-sectional study using an online survey was performed between 13 April to 29 April, 2020 in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. An online cross-sectional study using an online survey was performed between 13 April to 29 April, 2020 in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. A total of 241 surgeons, aged 28–70 years (mean range 22.2 ± 7.9 SD), were recruited to this study. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgeons' practices. Participants completed a self-developed online questionnaire. Results The majority of participants (44.39%) were general surgeons, followed by urologists (17.01%). Approximately 82.57% of surgeons performed surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic and 60.31% undertook emergency surgeries only. There was no significant difference between men and women (P = 0.41) and different age groups (P = 0.08). Only 28.22% of surgeons had access to full personal protective equipment (PPE), and 41.18% believed that wearing PPEs severely affected their skills. Results also found that surgeons aged between 28 and 34 years were more pledged to the use of PPEs, than other age groups (P = 0.001). The use of PPEs during surgeries was significantly higher in the Sulaymaniyah province (P = 0.001). The surgical services were also severely impacted in the Sulaymaniyah province than in the other provinces (p = 0.001). Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic severely affected surgical practice in the Kurdistan Region, particularly in the Sulaymaniyah province. Males, and young surgeons showed a higher commitment level for using PPE. Additional training and precautions are needed to increase awareness about COVID-19 among surgeons, and the importance of using PPE during surgery., Highlights • COVID19 pandemic has severely affected surgical in Kurdistan region, Iraq. • The surgical services in Sulaymaniyah province were severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. • Young surgeons showed a higher commitment level for using PPE during surgery.
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- 2020
16. Role of Telemedicine for Facio-Odontogenic Pain Management During COVID-19 Pandemic
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Kritant Bhushan, Mansi Luthra Sharma, and Prashant Kulkarni
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Government ,Telemedicine ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,COVID-19 pandemic ,030206 dentistry ,Pain management ,medicine.disease ,Odontogenic ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Health care ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Clinical Paper ,Surgery ,Medical emergency ,Oral Surgery ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,business ,Facial odontogenic pains - Abstract
Introduction As the COVID-19 pandemic is increasingly griping the world, the entire landscape of existing patient management needs to be changed to avoid spread of Corona virus. In cases of emergencies, there is no option other than getting in-person consultations with doctors. But, in non-emergency patients, telemedicine can serve as a boon. Material and methods In this article, we have tried to summarize the rules, regulations and protocols in accordance with government guidelines along with practical management for urgencies in dento-/oro-facial pains. Conclusion If used wisely and as per recommendations, telemedicine is a very useful tool in the present COVID-19 pandemic, to avoid spread of infection to patients as well as health care workers.
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- 2020
17. How are OCD Patients and Family Members Dealing with the Waxing and Waning Pattern of the COVID-19 Pandemic?
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Gilbert Lemmens, Hanna Van Parys, Chris Baeken, Lemke Leyman, Inge Debruyckere, Hannelore Tandt, Roos Colman, Christine Purdon, Emiel De Jaeghere, Clinical and Lifespan Psychology, Brain, Body and Cognition, Clinical sciences, Neuroprotection & Neuromodulation, and Psychiatry
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ,medicine.medical_specialty ,family ,Patients ,COVID-19 pandemic ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,family accommodation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Pandemic ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pandemics ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Original Paper ,Relaxation (psychology) ,OCD ,business.industry ,Public health ,COVID-19 ,Mental health ,030227 psychiatry ,Distress ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Communicable Disease Control ,Anxiety ,Observational study ,medicine.symptom ,business ,mental health ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of people with OCD and the degree of family accommodation (FA) by live-in family members across phases of the lockdown measures imposed by the Belgian government. Forty-nine OCD patients and 26 live-in family members participated in the study. We assessed OCD symptom severity and FA of the live-in family members, as well as depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress levels and COVID-19 related psychological distress of patients and family members at four different timepoints: one month after the start of the lockdown (T1), during the gradual relaxation (T2), between the two waves (T3) and during the second wave (T4). Results showed that although COVID-19 related stress increased and decreased in accordance with the waxing and waning pattern of the pandemic, OCD symptoms showed an initial slight increase followed by a decrease at T3 and again at T4. Changes in family members’ accommodation of symptoms followed the same course as the OCD symptoms. Furthermore, OCD symptoms correlated with depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress levels and COVID-19 related distress at all timepoints. It is important to involve family members in the treatment of OCD even during a pandemic. Clinicians should also pay attention to symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress during OCD treatment. Further research is necessary to entangle the causal relationship between OCD symptoms, FA and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress.
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- 2021
18. Psychological Functioning of Slovene Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Does Resilience Matter?
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Andreja Avsec, Tina Kavčič, and Gaja Zager Kocjan
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Slovenia ,Psychological intervention ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Health Promotion ,Logistic regression ,Stress ,Odds ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Sex Factors ,Pandemic ,Adaptation, Psychological ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,media_common ,Original Paper ,Resilience ,Public health ,Age Factors ,COVID-19 ,Resilience, Psychological ,Health indicator ,Mental health ,Health Surveys ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Health ,Female ,Psychological resilience ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
As a public health emergency, a pandemic increases susceptibility to unfavourable psychological outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the buffering role of personal resilience in two aspects of psychological functioning, mental health and stress, among Slovene adults at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. Within five days after Slovenia declared epidemics, 2722 participants (75% female) completed an on-line survey measuring mental health and perceived stress as outcome variables and demographics, health-related variables, and personal resilience as predictor variables. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses demonstrated that women, younger, and less educated participants had higher odds for less favourable psychological functioning during the COVID-19 outbreak. In addition, poorer health indicators and COVID-19 infection concerns predicted diminished psychological functioning. The crucial factor promoting good psychological functioning during the COVID-19 pandemics was resilience, additionally buffering against detrimental effects of demographic and health-related variables on mental health and perceived stress. While previous research suggests that mental health problems increase during pandemics, one way to prevent these problems and bolster psychological functioning is to build individuals' resilience. The interventions should be targeted particularly at younger adults, women, less educated people, and individuals who subjectively perceive their health to be rather poor.
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- 2020
19. Health Belief Model Perspective on the Control of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and the Promotion of Vaccination in China: Web-Based Cross-sectional Study
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Yimeng Mao, Xiaomei Li, Ruru Wang, Xiaoxi Liu, Hao Chen, Junling Gao, Junming Dai, Hua Fu, Pinpin Zheng, Yingnan Jia, and Qianyi Xiao
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China ,vaccination behavior ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Cross-sectional study ,media_common.quotation_subject ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Health Informatics ,Logistic regression ,Promotion (rank) ,Medicine ,Health belief model ,health belief model ,Humans ,media_common ,Original Paper ,Internet ,Vaccines ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Vaccination ,COVID-19 ,Survey research ,Odds ratio ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,vaccine hesitancy ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Background The control of vaccine hesitancy and the promotion of vaccination are key protective measures against COVID-19. Objective This study assesses the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and the vaccination rate and examines the association between factors of the health belief model (HBM) and vaccination. Methods A convenience sample of 2531 valid participants from 31 provinces and autonomous regions of mainland China were enrolled in this online survey study from January 1 to 24, 2021. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the associations of the vaccination rate and HBM factors with the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy after other covariates were controlled. Results The prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 44.3% (95% CI 42.3%-46.2%), and the vaccination rate was 10.4% (9.2%-11.6%). The factors that directly promoted vaccination behavior were a lack of vaccine hesitancy (odds ratio [OR] 7.75, 95% CI 5.03-11.93), agreement with recommendations from friends or family for vaccination (OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.75-5.52), and absence of perceived barriers to COVID-19 vaccination (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.35-0.75). The factors that were directly associated with a higher vaccine hesitancy rate were a high level of perceived barriers (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.36-1.95) and perceived benefits (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.79). A mediating effect of self-efficacy, influenced by perceived barriers (standardized structure coefficient [SSC]=−0.71, P Conclusions It may be possible to increase the vaccination rate by reducing vaccine hesitancy and perceived barriers to vaccination and by encouraging volunteers to advocate for vaccination to their friends and family members. It is also important to reduce vaccine hesitancy by enhancing self-efficacy for vaccination, due to its crucial mediating function.
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- 2021
20. Developments in medical education in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid BEME systematic review: BEME Guide No. 63.
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Gordon, Morris, Patricio, Madalena, Horne, Laura, Muston, Alexandra, Alston, Sebastian R., Pammi, Mohan, Thammasitboon, Satid, Park, Sophie, Pawlikowska, Teresa, Rees, Eliot L., Doyle, Andrea Jane, and Daniel, Michelle
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CINAHL database ,CURRICULUM planning ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,LEARNING strategies ,MEDICAL education ,MEDLINE ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,TEACHING methods ,TEACHER development ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic in March 2020. This rapid systematic review synthesised published reports of medical educational developments in response to the pandemic, considering descriptions of interventions, evaluation data and lessons learned. The authors systematically searched four online databases and hand searched MedEdPublish up to 24 May 2020. Two authors independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts, performed data extraction and assessed risk of bias for included articles. Discrepancies were resolved by a third author. A descriptive synthesis and outcomes were reported. Forty-nine articles were included. The majority were from North America, Asia and Europe. Sixteen studies described Kirkpatrick's outcomes, with one study describing levels 1–3. A few papers were of exceptional quality, though the risk of bias framework generally revealed capricious reporting of underpinning theory, resources, setting, educational methods, and content. Key developments were pivoting educational delivery from classroom-based learning to virtual spaces, replacing clinical placement based learning with alternate approaches, and supporting direct patient contact with mitigated risk. Training for treating patients with COVID-19, service reconfiguration, assessment, well-being, faculty development, and admissions were all addressed, with the latter categories receiving the least attention. This review highlights several areas of educational response in the immediate aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic and identifies a few articles of exceptional quality that can serve as models for future developments and educational reporting. There was often a lack of practical detail to support the educational community in enactment of novel interventions, as well as limited evaluation data. However, the range of options deployed offers much guidance for the medical education community moving forward and there was an indication that outcome data and greater detail will be reported in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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21. Health Impacts of the Stay-at-Home Order on Community-Dwelling Older Adults and How Technologies May Help: Focus Group Study
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Ellen E. Lee, Jessica R. Daly, Colin A. Depp, Ho-Cheol Kim, Camille Nebeker, Dilip V. Jeste, and Sarah A. Graham
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Gerontology ,Aging ,Health (social science) ,social isolation ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Health Informatics ,lcsh:Geriatrics ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Gerontechnology ,continued care senior housing community ,0302 clinical medicine ,gerontechnology ,videoconferencing ,7.1 Individual care needs ,030502 gerontology ,Clinical Research ,Behavioral and Social Science ,medicine ,loneliness ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Social isolation ,older adults ,Original Paper ,independent living ,Social distance ,Prevention ,aging ,quarantine ,Loneliness ,Mental health ,Focus group ,lcsh:RC952-954.6 ,Mental Health ,Management of diseases and conditions ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,medicine.symptom ,CCSHC ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,physical health ,mental health ,Independent living ,qualitative research ,Qualitative research ,housing for the elderly - Abstract
Background As of March 2021, in the USA, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 500,000 deaths, with a majority being people over 65 years of age. Since the start of the pandemic in March 2020, preventive measures, including lockdowns, social isolation, quarantine, and social distancing, have been implemented to reduce viral spread. These measures, while effective for risk prevention, may contribute to increased social isolation and loneliness among older adults and negatively impact their mental and physical health. Objective This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting “Stay-at-Home” order on the mental and physical health of older adults and to explore ways to safely increase social connectedness among them. Methods This qualitative study involved older adults living in a Continued Care Senior Housing Community (CCSHC) in southern California, USA. Four 90-minute focus groups were convened using the Zoom Video Communications platform during May 2020, involving 21 CCSHC residents. Participants were asked to describe how they were managing during the “stay-at-home” mandate that was implemented in March 2020, including its impact on their physical and mental health. Transcripts of each focus group were analyzed using qualitative methods. Results Four themes emerged from the qualitative data: (1) impact of the quarantine on health and well-being, (2) communication innovation and technology use, (3) effective ways of coping with the quarantine, and (4) improving access to technology and training. Participants reported a threat to their mental and physical health directly tied to the quarantine and exacerbated by social isolation and decreased physical activity. Technology was identified as a lifeline for many who are socially isolated from their friends and family. Conclusions Our study findings suggest that technology access, connectivity, and literacy are potential game-changers to supporting the mental and physical health of older adults and must be prioritized for future research.
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- 2021
22. Assessing the willingness of community pharmacists to test–treat–immunize during the COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico
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Jesús Sánchez, Silvia E Rabionet, Yarelis Alvarado Reyes, Georgina Silva-Suarez, Blanca I Ortiz, and Frances M. Colón-Pratts
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medicine.medical_specialty ,community pharmacist ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) ,education ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Pharmacy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pandemic ,COVID19 testing ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,AcademicSubjects/MED00780 ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,COVID19 treatment ,business.industry ,Public health ,Mean age ,COVID19 immunization ,Work environment ,Test (assessment) ,AcademicSubjects/MED00390 ,Specialty pharmacy ,Family medicine ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,AcademicSubjects/MED00410 ,business ,AcademicSubjects/MED00230 ,Research Paper - Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to assess community pharmacists’ willingness to test, treat and immunize for COVID-19 in Puerto Rico. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a 37-item survey was distributed via email and social media in May 2020 through REDCap online software. All licensed community pharmacists in Puerto Rico (N = 1200) were invited to complete the survey. Retired community pharmacists were excluded. Analysis of frequencies and chi-square tests were performed to evaluate the willingness to test, treat and immunize for COVID-19 and their associations with sociodemographic variables. Key findings The survey response rate was 26% (314/1200). Subjects’ mean age was 42 (±13), 86.1% were female, and most practiced in independent community or specialty pharmacy (62%). Among respondents, 44% reported willingness to test. Top concerns for testing were family (73.4%) and self (66.8%) exposure and ability to manage the workflow (53.3%). Most participants indicated their willingness to treat (88.4%) and to administer the COVID-19 vaccine (76.1%). Study participants who worked in retail pharmacies were more willing to test for COVID-19 (50.9%, P = 0.34) and to immunize (91.2%, P < 0.001). Pharmacists ≤39 years (90.3%), those who graduate in 2000 or later (88.3%), and those with a Pharm.D. degree or higher (88.6%), were more willing to immunize (P < 0.001). Conclusions Most community pharmacists were more willing to treat and immunize, than to perform COVID-19 testing. This underscores the need for training and workflow changes to facilitate the acquisition of this new role. Local pharmacists’ associations should advocate for a safe and manageable work environment. These efforts are vital to empower pharmacists to adopt new roles during a public health emergency.
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- 2021
23. The Effect of Nurses' Death Anxiety on Life Satisfaction During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey
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Hursit Fidan, Arzu Karabag Aydin, and Fidan, Hurşit
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Turkey ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Nurses ,Personal Satisfaction ,Anxiety ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,Pandemics ,General Nursing ,Original Paper ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public health ,Religious studies ,Life satisfaction ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Psychological evaluation ,Death ,Death anxiety ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Correlational study ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of nurses’ death anxiety on life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted with 411 nurses in Turkey. Data were collected online through Google Forms using a sociodemographic form, the Revised Death Anxiety Scale (RDAS), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Percentages, means, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and hierarchical linear regression models were used to analyze the data. The nurses’ mean age was 28.11 (SD = 6.27) years. More than half of the nurses stated that there were COVID-19 patients in the clinic where they worked (56.0%) and that they were afraid to provide care to patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (54.5%). Their mean RDAS total score was 57.33 (SD = 16.20), indicating moderate death anxiety, and their mean SWLS total score was 2.58 (SD = 0.82), indicating a low level of life satisfaction. Sociodemographic variables accounted for 8.8% of the variance. Death anxiety was associated with life satisfaction (β = − 0.118, p
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- 2021
24. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the outcome, morbidity, and mortality of acute care surgery patients: A retrospective cohort study
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Pongsasit Singhatas, Chonlada Krutsri, Goragoch Gesprasert, Preeda Sumpritpradit, Jakrapan Jirasiritham, Tharin Thampongsa, and Samart Phuwapraisirisan
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,Acute care surgery ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Retrospective cohort study ,SAR-CoV-2 outbreak ,Disease ,Triage ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Emergency medicine ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Emergency surgery ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Surgery ,business ,Personal protective equipment ,Research Paper - Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has impacted both emergency and elective surgical management owing to its highly infectious nature and the shortage of personal protective equipment. This study aimed to review the outcomes of emergency surgical conditions and trauma during the pandemic lockdown. Material and methods We retrospectively reviewed and collected data from patients who attended the Acute Care Surgery Service from 1st April to May 31st, 2020 during Thailand's COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. We separated staff and performed preoperative COVID-19 swab testing on all patients to assess the requirement for personal protective equipment. Compared with previous years of service, of 2018 and 2019. Preoperative COVID-19 testing was performed using multiplex and manual RT-PCR. Morbidity and mortality, consultation time, and waiting time to surgery were analyzed. Results A total of 61 patients were enrolled. The average age of patients was 53.8 years. The average consultation time, waiting time to surgery, and surgical duration were 10 min, 660 min, and 88.77 min, respectively. The average time taken to obtain the preoperative COVID-19 test result was 227.26 min. The morbidity and mortality rates were 9.84% and 1.64%, respectively. Compared with the same period in 2018 and 2019, consultation time was significantly faster (10 min; p = 0.033) and waiting time to surgery was significantly longer (660 min, respectively; p = 0.011). Morbidity and mortality between pandemic period and the previous year of service were not significantly different. No medical workers were infected with COVID-19. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, optimal triage of emergency patients is key. Waiting for preoperative COVID-19 swab testing in emergency case is safe and results in good outcomes. Although the waiting time to surgery was significantly longer owing to the time required to receive preoperative COVID-19 swab results, morbidity and mortality rates were unaffected., Highlights • Effective and optimal triage is a key to guide management. • Preoperative COVID-19 swab testing to adjust resources for good outcomes. • Waiting for preoperative COVID-19 swab test before performing surgery is safe for patients and medical workers.
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- 2021
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25. Decontamination of Surgical Face Masks and N95 Respirators by Dry Heat Pasteurization for One Hour at 70°C
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Yi Xiang, Qifa Song, and Wenzhen Gu
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business.product_category ,Hot Temperature ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Epidemiology ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Pasteurization ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Economic shortage ,dry heat pasteurization ,Article ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,law ,Occupational Exposure ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Respirator ,Respiratory Protective Devices ,Personal protective equipment ,Pandemics ,Decontamination ,0303 health sciences ,Ventilators, Mechanical ,030306 microbiology ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Masks ,COVID-19 ,Human decontamination ,N95 respirator ,Pulp and paper industry ,Face masks ,Infectious Diseases ,Dry heat ,surgical face mask ,business ,Coronavirus Infections - Abstract
Highlights • The need for protective masks greatly exceeds their global supply during the current COVID-19 pandemic. • We established dry heat pasteurization method to disinfect surgical face masks and N95 respirators, which can be used at home and resolve the current shortage of masks., Background The need for protective masks greatly exceeds their global supply during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We optimized the temperature used in the dry heat pasteurization method to destroy pathogens and decontaminate masks while retaining their filtering capacity. Results The current study showed that dry heat at both 60°C and 70°C for one hour could successfully kill six species of respiratory bacteria and one fungi species, and inactivate the H1N1 indicator virus. After being heated at 70°C for 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h, the N95 respirators and surgical face masks showed no changes in their shape and components. The filtering efficiency of bacterial aerosol for N95 respirators were 98%, 98%, and 97% after being heated for 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h, respectively, all of which were over the 95% efficiency required and similar to the value before being heated (99%). The filtering efficiency for surgical face masks was 97%, 97%, and 96% for 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h of heating, respectively, all of which were also similar to the value before being heated (97%). Conclusions This method can be used at home and can resolve the current shortage of masks.
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- 2020
26. Head and neck radiotherapy amid the COVID-19 pandemic: practice recommendations of the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO)
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Pierluigi Bonomo, Vittorio Donato, Pierfrancesco Franco, Alessia Di Rito, Francesco Miccichè, Anna Merlotti, Francesco Dionisi, Nadia Di Muzio, Stefania Volpe, Matteo Pepa, Elvio G. Russi, Almalina Bacigalupo, Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa, Marta Maddalo, Daniela Musio, Fabiola Paiar, Ester Orlandi, Francesca De Felice, Giuseppe Fanetti, Renzo Corvò, Stefano Maria Magrini, Daniela Alterio, Stefano Ursino, Ida D’Onofrio, Elisa D'Angelo, Giuseppe Sanguineti, Alterio, D., Volpe, S., Bacigalupo, A., Bonomo, P., De Felice, F., Dionisi, F., D'Onofrio, I., D'Angelo, E., Di Rito, A., Fanetti, G., Franco, P., Maddalo, M., Merlotti, A., Micciche, F., Orlandi, E., Paiar, F., Ursino, S., Pepa, M., Corvo, R., Di Muzio, N. G., Magrini, S. M., Russi, E., Sanguineti, G., Jereczek-Fossa, B. A., Donato, V., and Musio, D.
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Cancer Research ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Delphi method ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Medical Oncology ,Radiation oncology ,Likert scale ,Head and neck cancers ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medical ,Health care ,Pandemic ,Medicine ,Humans ,Medical physics ,Viral ,Clinical practice recommendations ,Pandemics ,Radiation oncologist ,Societies, Medical ,Original Paper ,Radiotherapy ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Head and neck cancer ,COVID-19 ,Pneumonia ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,Italy ,Oncology ,Head and Neck Neoplasms ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,clinical practice recommendations ,head and neck cancers ,radiation oncology ,coronavirus infections ,head and neck neoplasms ,humans ,medical oncology ,pandemics ,pneumonia, viral ,practice guidelines as topic ,radiotherapy ,societies, medical ,betacoronavirus ,COVID-19 pandemic, Head and neck cancers, Radiation oncology , Clinical practice recommendations ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,business ,Societies ,Coronavirus Infections - Abstract
Management of patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs) is challenging for the Radiation Oncologist, especially in the COVID-19 era. The Italian Society of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO) identified the need of practice recommendations on logistic issues, treatment delivery and healthcare personnel’s protection in a time of limited resources. A panel of 15 national experts on HNCs completed a modified Delphi process. A five-point Likert scale was used; the chosen cut-offs for strong agreement and agreement were 75% and 66%, respectively. Items were organized into two sections: (1) general recommendations (10 items) and (2) special recommendations (45 items), detailing a set of procedures to be applied to all specific phases of the Radiation Oncology workflow. The distribution of facilities across the country was as follows: 47% Northern, 33% Central and 20% Southern regions. There was agreement or strong agreement across the majority (93%) of proposed items including treatment strategies, use of personal protection devices, set-up modifications and follow-up re-scheduling. Guaranteeing treatment delivery for HNC patients is well-recognized in Radiation Oncology. Our recommendations provide a flexible tool for management both in the pandemic and post-pandemic phase of the COVID-19 outbreak. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12032-020-01409-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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- 2020
27. Evaluation of virtual accreditation of medical specialist training sites for ophthalmology in Australia and New Zealand during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Khanal, Santosh, Gole, Glen, and Kaufman, David
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MEDICINE ,PILOT projects ,ONLINE education ,ACCREDITATION ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,FOCUS groups ,VIRTUAL reality ,INTERVIEWING ,LEARNING ,SURVEYS ,DOCUMENTATION ,DECISION making ,PHYSICIANS ,OPHTHALMOLOGY ,THEMATIC analysis ,WORLD Wide Web ,COVID-19 pandemic ,EVALUATION - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the suitability and acceptability of virtual training post accreditation visits conducted online for medical specialist training in ophthalmology in Australia and New Zealand. Methods: A two-phase study (pilot and implementation) was conducted. In the pilot phase, an open-ended observation proforma was used by the authors to independently record their observations, which were later compared and discussed until consensus was achieved. All participants were asked to complete an online survey. A document analysis of accreditation documents was conducted. Observation data were broken down into themes and triangulated with online survey and document analysis results. In the implementation phase, the inspections were observed by one of the authors (SK) and the observation notes were discussed with other authors to obtain a contextual and consensual view. A document analysis of all accreditation-related documentation was undertaken. The documents included in the document analysis were planning and scheduling records, interview and inspection notes, training post inspection fact and document notices and accreditation reports. Finally, a post-inspection focus group of all inspectors was conducted. Results: The accreditation interviews adequately addressed all relevant issues with high levels of robustness and reliability. Participants found it more difficult to discuss complex issues virtually compared with onsite visits. The virtual accreditation reports were not any different to what would be expected if a face-to-face accreditation visit had been conducted; however, it was not possible using the virtual inspection to determine the appropriateness of facilities and clinic layout to support and facilitate trainee learning and supervision. Conclusions: Virtual accreditation of training posts in medical specialist training is viable in limited circumstances where there are no known complex training post-related issues and the site has not made substantial changes to clinic and theatre layout, equipment and facilities since the previous accreditation. What is known about the topic? All medical specialist colleges in Australia and New Zealand accredit the sites where training is delivered, usually by conducting periodic face‐to‐face visits. What does this paper add? This paper provides evidence that in limited circumstances, it is possible to accredit training posts virtually. What are the implications for practitioners? This paper provides an outline of issues to consider when planning virtual accreditation of training posts in medical specialist education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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28. Medical, psychoanalytical, and political thoughts on a shared obsessional neurosis.
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Dimitriadis, Yorgos
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POLITICAL philosophy ,NEUROSES ,COVID-19 pandemic ,POLITICAL science ,PSYCHOANALYSIS - Abstract
The scope of this paper is to present some medical, psychoanalytic, and political thoughts on the Covid-19 pandemic. A medical catastrophe cannot be without political consequences and indeed, in this initial period of the pandemic, the stakes are already high, with increased risks of nationalism, totalitarianism, digital capitalism, and medical populism. The Lacanian categories of the Real and the Symbolic, the clinical structure of obsessional neurosis, and the concepts of enjoyment and of the "letter" are the tools used in the paper. On this basis, Lacanian psychoanalysis, in dialogue with medicine, political science, and sociology, presents an analysis of the pandemic crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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29. Virtual Reality Applications in Medicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review.
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Pallavicini, Federica, Pepe, Alessandro, Clerici, Massimo, and Mantovani, Fabrizia
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VIRTUAL reality ,COVID-19 pandemic ,HEALTH care industry ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PHYSICAL activity - Abstract
Background: Virtual reality can play an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic in the health care sector. This technology has the potential to supplement the traditional in-hospital medical training and treatment, and may increase access to training and therapies in various health care settings. Objective: This systematic review aimed to describe the literature on health care--targeted virtual reality applications during the COVID-19 crisis. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the literature on the PsycINFO, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The search string was as follows: "[(virtual reality)] AND [(COVID-19) OR (coronavirus) OR (SARS-CoV-2) OR (healthcare)]." Papers published in English after December 2019 in peer-reviewed journals were selected and subjected to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We used the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool to assess the quality of studies and the risk of bias. Results: Thirty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Seventeen studies showed the usefulness of virtual reality during the COVID-19 crisis for reducing stress, anxiety, depression, and pain, and promoting physical activity. Twenty-two studies revealed that virtual reality was a helpful learning and training tool during the COVID-19 crisis in several areas, including emergency medicine, nursing, and pediatrics. This technology was also used as an educational tool for increasing public understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic. Different levels of immersion (ie, immersive and desktop virtual reality), types of head-mounted displays (ie, PC-based, mobile, and standalone), and content (ie, 360° videos and photos, virtual environments, virtual reality video games, and embodied virtual agents) have been successfully used. Virtual reality was helpful in both face-to-face and remote trials. Conclusions: Virtual reality has been applied frequently in medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic, with positive effects for treating several health conditions and for medical education and training. Some barriers need to be overcome for the broader adoption of virtual reality in the health care panorama. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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30. Multifaceted role of natural sources for COVID-19 pandemic as marine drugs.
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Rahman, Md. Mominur, Islam, Md. Rezaul, Shohag, Sheikh, Hossain, Md. Emon, Shah, Muddaser, shuvo, Shakil khan, Khan, Hosneara, Chowdhury, Md. Arifur Rahman, Bulbul, Israt Jahan, Hossain, Md. Sarowar, Sultana, Sharifa, Ahmed, Muniruddin, Akhtar, Muhammad Furqan, Saleem, Ammara, and Rahman, Md. Habibur
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,PHYTOCHEMICALS ,COVID-19 pandemic ,TANNINS - Abstract
COVID-19, which is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has quickly spread over the world, posing a global health concern. The ongoing epidemic has necessitated the development of novel drugs and potential therapies for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Advances in vaccination and medication development, no preventative vaccinations, or viable therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection have been developed to date. As a result, additional research is needed in order to find a long-term solution to this devastating condition. Clinical studies are being conducted to determine the efficacy of bioactive compounds retrieved or synthesized from marine species starting material. The present study focuses on the anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential of marine-derived phytochemicals, which has been investigated utilizing in in silico, in vitro, and in vivo models to determine their effectiveness. Marine-derived biologically active substances, such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, peptides, lectins, polysaccharides, and lipids, can affect SARS-CoV-2 during the viral particle's penetration and entry into the cell, replication of the viral nucleic acid, and virion release from the cell; they can also act on the host's cellular targets. COVID-19 has been proven to be resistant to several contaminants produced from marine resources. This paper gives an overview and summary of the various marine resources as marine drugs and their potential for treating SARS-CoV-2. We discussed at numerous natural compounds as marine drugs generated from natural sources for treating COVID-19 and controlling the current pandemic scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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31. E-Pharmacy in India: Lessons from the Pandemic and the Way Forward.
- Author
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K., Maheshwari, S., Deepakumar, and Ramya, L. Susana
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COVID-19 pandemic ,INTERNET pharmacies ,LOGISTICS ,PHARMACY laws - Abstract
E-Pharmacy is one of the essential services that can bring out transparency and ease of buying medicines to the customers. Though the application of internet in the areas of healthcare is intensifying and the online pharmacies serve a good cause, it has not been used as extensively in India. In this study we have focused in detail about the reasons why online pharmacy is not used - from a sample size of 100 respondents and have found that it was because of the high risk of misuse of drugs especially where there are no governing online pharmacy laws, lack of awareness and poor logistics, we have also analysed the other challenges that are faced by the society while using the existing e-pharm apps. Based on our constructs from the inferential and descriptive analysis, which was validated with a sample size of 100, we have put forth a set of suggestions that can make significant improvements in the e-pharmacy sectors and boost its usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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32. ETHICAL DILEMMA IN DENTISTRY PRACTICE DURING COVID 19 PANDEMIC.
- Author
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IURCOV, RALUCA, IORGA, MAGDALENA, and IOAN, BEATRICE GABRIELA
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ETHICAL problems ,PRACTICE of dentistry ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Bioethica (2011) is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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33. Knowledge Translation in Oncology. A Case "tudy.
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Dal Mas, Francesca, Biancuzzi, Helena, Massaro, Maurizio, Barcellini, Amelia, Cobianchi, Lorenzo, and Miceli, Luca
- Subjects
- *
MEDICAL personnel , *COVID-19 pandemic , *PATIENTS' families , *TRANSLATIONS , *ONCOLOGIC surgery - Abstract
Knowledge translation (KT) is the ability to make knowledge accessible to different stakeholders by translating it into various contexts. Translating knowledge is particularly crucial in the healthcare sector, which is currently under significant pressure due to technological innovation, increasing demand of services by an ageing population, budget reductions, and new organisational challenges posed by the latest events like the COVID-19 pandemic. While the first definition of KT was focused on the translation of scientific research into clinical practice, other types of KT later emerged. In healthcare, while stakeholders have different skills and competencies (such as clinical scientists versus physicians or other healthcare professionals), others experience diverse emotional feelings (like the patients or their families). An effective KT allows the transfer, sharing, and creation of new knowledge, enhancing innovation and co-production dynamics. The paper employs a case study by analysing the Breast Unit of the C.'.O. National Cancer Institue of Aviano, Italy, one of the most acknowledged hospitals and research centres in Europe in the field of cancer surgery and treatments. The paper aims at studying the knowledge translation dynamics and tools by analysing the various relationships with the internal as well as the external stakeholders of the Breast Unit. Internally, knowledge translation is needed to merge the competencies of highly skilled multidisciplinary teams, which include surgeons and physicians with various specialities, researchers, psychologists, nurses and other healthcare professionals. Externally, knowledge is translated to meet the needs of patients, patients' associations, sponsors, citizens, and policymakers, 'esults highlight how different techniques and dynamics allow KT to happen within internal as well as external groups. Contributing to the knowledge management and knowledge translation theories, our findings open up to practical as well as research implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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34. Trends in eyebrow makeup after COVID‐19 and long‐COVID era
- Author
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Jiyoung Kim and Ki Han Kwon
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COVID‐19 pandemic ,eyebrow ,makeup ,trends ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives The coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) pandemic, which began in 2019, is threatening millions of people around the world. Coronavirus, a severe acute respiratory syndrome, made it mandatory to wear masks, it was carried out through public awareness and review of changes in cosmetics. Methods This literature review paper was written by referring to keywords such as “Eyebrow,” “Permanent Make‐up,” “Microblading,” “Make‐up,” and “COVID‐19.” The study selected a total of 485 references using representative journal search sites such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, RISS, DBPia, and CrossRef, of which a total of 43 papers were selected at the final stage from 2000 to 2022 using PRISMA flow diagram. Results With the wearing of a mask due to COVID‐19, we are paying attention to the change in the makeup trend caused by the preference for easy eye makeup. Conclusions This narrative review understands that eyebrow makeup has a significant impact on human images due to changes in makeup methods after the COVID‐19 pandemic. It is expected to be used as important data for the rapidly growing semi‐permanent makeup market.
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- 2023
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35. Systemic infection with single or multi-organ damage caused by inadequately managed chronic wounds: a case series
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Điđi Delalić, Robert Roher, Dean Mileta, and Ingrid Prkačin
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chronic wounds ,care ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Medicine - Abstract
Chronic wounds are often underestimated condition with increasingly growing inpatient and outpatient treatment costs. Since the patient population affected by chronic wounds is heterogeneous and includes diabetes, chronic venous insufficiency and peripheral artery disease patients, with additional differences in gender, age, previous medical history, treatment of chronic wounds is highly personalized and dependent on a variety of factors. This paper aims to highlight the problems that the chronic wound patient population is facing during the COVID -19 pandemic: from higher probability of an undesirable disease outcome to the fact that many of them have limited access to primary care providers and to the regular and continuous care that their condition demands. This paper describe three patients with chronic wounds. Each of the patients had a significant worsening of their chronic wounds during the COVID -19 pandemic: either following an active SARS-CoV-2 infection or due to the limited access to primary care. The cases described here highlight the necessity of providing proper and regular care for all patients during the COVID -19 pandemic, regardless of the current state of the healthcare system and the adversities and hurdles it currently faces, to prevent the pandemic from becoming a syndemic.
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- 2022
36. Paradigm Conflict: Village Health Volunteers and Public Health in Thailand.
- Author
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Cohen, Anjalee and Cohen, Paul T.
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PUBLIC health ,VOLUNTEERS ,COMMUNITARIANISM ,MEDICINE ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Reformist doctors in Thailand have combined to create a primary health care system in rural areas in which village health volunteers play a major role. Consistent with the WHO whole-of-society approach, these doctors have envisaged a decentralised system that emphasises volunteers as community oriented, self-reliant agents of change. Our ethnographic research in Chiang Mai, Thailand, reveals that these ideals of village health volunteer empowerment have not been realised. Rather, village health volunteers have become entrapped in a hierarchical, top-down health bureaucracy that affords them limited deliberative agency. We argue that this predicament reveals a conflict of paradigms between, on the one hand, an idealised holistic, spiritual dimension of health with village health volunteers as dedicated, self-sacrificing agents of local communities and, on the other hand, the imperatives of state authoritarian interventions in the avian influenza and COVID-19 pandemics, including rigorous public health protocols and epidemiological methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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37. Lessons for Medical and Health Education Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Zhanna Gardanova, Olga Belaia, Svetlana Zuevskaya, Klavdiya Turkadze, and Wadim Strielkowski
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medical education ,digital technologies ,health education ,anxiety ,wellbeing ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Medicine - Abstract
Our paper analyzes lessons for medical education and health education stemming from the experience gained in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, it tackles the issue of the social health and psychological wellbeing of medical students involved in online education during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper systematizes up-to-date data on how medical schools and universities have adapted to the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic and implemented novel effective solutions for the learning process, such as transitioning from traditional in-person classes to online learning, incorporating virtual simulations and telemedicine experiences for clinical training, and collaborating with health authorities to provide support in testing and contact tracing efforts. The paper contains an analysis of various aspects of medical education, such as the changes in practical classes, the impact of the pandemic on the formation of communication skills, methods for assessing students’ knowledge and skills, and many others. It also considers case studies related to the implementation of educational programs, methodologies, and novel digital technologies in a pandemic. Additionally, the paper features an empirical study that is based on the results of our own survey that was carried out with the help of a snowball convenient sampling that involved 710 medical students between 19 and 25 years of age (56% females and 44% males) from 4 Russian regions (Moscow, Krasnodar, Kazan, and Saint Petersburg). We applied the correlation between stress scores, anxiety scores, factors of stress, and strategies for coping with stress and various economic and demographic variables (age, environment, and gender) that were analyzed using the chi-square test. Our results demonstrate that over 85% of the students in our sample yielded an above-average vulnerability to stress due to the COVID-19 restrictions. At the same time, around 61% of the students experienced severe anxiety during online education in the COVID-19 pandemic. The important factors leading to stress and anxiety were the fear of getting infected and social distancing, and the best strategy to deal with stress and increase wellbeing was self-control. Through a comprehensive review of the literature and empirical estimations, our paper identifies key areas of improvement, including curriculum adaptation, technology integration, faculty development, student support, and interprofessional collaboration. The proposed recommendations aim at strengthening medical education systems and preparing healthcare professionals to effectively navigate future pandemics.
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- 2023
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38. Leaning in the publishing of articles in scientific journals during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Author
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Ali Golchin, Parviz Ranjbarvan, and Leila Roshangar
- Subjects
articles ,scientific journals ,covid-19 pandemic ,Medicine - Abstract
Scientific papers are valuable sources of information for scientific study. Apart from the main text, their content holds a notable amount of information. Recently, COVID-19 and related papers have attracted much attention between academic researchers, non-academic people, and diverse social media. These papers can reveal different aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Publication criteria are changing rapidly for science-related coronavirus pandemic, as scientists worldwide conduct research at breakneck speeds to tackle this pandemic(1). During the last pandemic, we dived into the scientific literature to reflect on the COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers have created so much about COVID-19 related information that has been necessary for public health responses and the speedy development of therapeutic protocols and effective vaccines(2). To date, different therapeutic theories have been presented for treating and preventing COVID-19(3–6). However, the COVID-19 pandemic has severely discouraged people's lifestyle and economic situation. Therefore, many people, including lawmakers and directors from different agencies, have turned to the scientific society for answers regarding actions that need to be taken to control and treat the COVID-19(2). Nevertheless, many scientific studies published concerning the COVID-19; even those reported by prestigious journals fall short on experimental evidence to support their conclusions. Tremendous pressure existed to immediately know more about COVID-19 and how to stop this pandemic. Hence, the aforementioned situation created a unique atmosphere that led editors and reviewers to accept manuscripts that would have never been considered for publication under different conditions. During this pandemic, the piece of unreliable information was reported in journal papers. Some of these journals are prestigious with considerable scientific impact factors. However, publishing this erroneous information was a negative point for these journals and their authors. Still, this erroneous information compared to shared inaccurate information in different electronic media, primarily virtual media, was debatable and valuable. In virtual media, many fortune-tellers were reputed due to sharing different predictions of the future of this pandemic. Many virtual channels shared their false profitable information. Understanding developing areas of a multidisciplinary research field is critical for managing the COVID-19 pandemic. After the emerging COVID-19 pandemic, many multidisciplinary researchers focused on COVID-19 treatment and its impositions. Different medicine and biotechnology branches are mobilized to provide the best therapeutic approach for treating COVID-19 patients. In addition to traditional protocols, modern emerging fields such as cell-based therapy and personalized medicine also entered into this area(7,8). Hence, many studies began, and then many papers published in this regard. However, it is often difficult to understand their validity and efficacy with the vast amount of available online papers. This letter presents a brief analysis to interpret and visualize published papers related to COVID-19 during the last two years. Based on released information of the national center for biotechnology information (NCBI), 139114 journal manuscripts in Pub Med and 157482 journal manuscripts in PMC have been indexed (Figure-1)(9). Currently, the total number of published paper related to COVID-19 are increasing. However, publishing academic papers is one of the critical roles of academic societies that can present many advances in improving public health knowledge.
- Published
- 2021
39. Entrepreneurial mental health in the wake of COVID-19 in China with an emphasis on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia analysis
- Author
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Yijun Fan, Yuanzhe Li, Zhengyuan Dong, May Ong, and James Hope
- Subjects
Entrepreneurship in China ,Mental health impact ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) ,Dyslexia ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated a global mental health crisis, with a particularly pronounced impact on the entrepreneurial sector. This paper presents a comparative analysis of mental health challenges among entrepreneurs in China during the pandemic, with a specific focus on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Dyslexia. The study assesses the prevalence of ADHD and dyslexia symptoms among established and emerging entrepreneurs in China, finding notable occurrences within this group. The research also examines the self-care practices of these entrepreneurs, shedding light on their approaches during the pandemic period. The findings highlight a complex interplay between mental health issues and entrepreneurial activities, suggesting that certain ADHD and dyslexia traits may offer unexpected benefits in the entrepreneurial realm. These insights are critical for developing supportive frameworks that leverage the strengths of neurodiverse entrepreneurs while mitigating associated challenges, especially in a post-pandemic economic landscape. The study concludes with policy and practice recommendations to bolster the wellbeing and resilience of entrepreneurs facing the multifaceted impacts of the pandemic.
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- 2024
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40. Swiss medical schools’ experiences with online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic in light of international experiences
- Author
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Artemisa Gogollari, Sharon Mitchell, and Sissel Guttormsen
- Subjects
Medical education ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Digital learning and teaching ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background During the pandemic, all universities had to switch to digital learning and teaching (DLT), the experiences were diverse. The advantages and obstacles of DLT are well reported in research. To ensure a sustainable DLT implementation, the requirements of institutions, educators and students should be aligned. Objective This paper aims at identifying and describing the experiences made at the Swiss medical schools after having to switch from on-site to on-line teaching; in particular, the experienced issues, requirements, and solutions were investigated and compared to international literature. Methods We conducted a literature review to derive themes and subthemes regarding the central aspects of the transition from on-site to on-line teaching. Also, we conducted semi-structured interviews with people responsible for the medical curricula at the Swiss Medical Schools. We used a purposive sampling method and invited eleven curriculum managers at the seven Swiss Medical Schools. The interviews were conducted in English, audio-recorded and transcribed. Subsequently the data was analysed with the software NVivo. We used a qualitative, deductive, content analysis to explore faculty experiences. Results Twenty-four articles met the eligibility criteria and were included for full text screening. Of the included articles, 15 reported on DLT in general and nine articles reported on DLT during the Pandemic. The thematic analysis of the interviews resulted in four overall themes, requirements, obstacles, facilitators and advantages. Curriculum managers reported that institutions were relatively unprepared for the quick transition from onsite to online at the onset of the pandemic. Conclusions Our research reports a lack of institutional structures, communication, digital competences and literacy, teaching strategies, as well as a theoretical foundation for DLT implementation. A conceptual framework for DLT adapted to the Swiss universities beyond the current situation is needed.
- Published
- 2024
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41. How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Changed Urban Consumers’ Ways of Buying Agricultural Products? Evidence from Shanghai, China
- Author
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Zengjin Liu, Jing Zhao, Zhuo Yu, Zhou Zhou, Liyuan Wang, and Yusheng Chen
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,consumer behavior ,consumption channel of agricultural products ,influence factors ,Medicine - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on people’s consumption behavior and habits. This paper takes Shanghai, China as a case study and uses a questionnaire survey of urban residents in all districts in Shanghai from April to May in 2022. Herein, we empirically analyze the factors affecting shopping modes for agricultural products, describe how things have changed compared to before the outbreak of the pandemic, and explore the underlying mechanism. This paper can provide a policy reference for how to ensure the safety of people’s food supply in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that urban residents pay more attention to the basic attributes of agricultural products such as the quantity guarantee and health safety, and will adjust their consumption modes for agricultural products according to the needs of families and management. Compared with shopping malls and supermarkets, the quantity and quality assurance of community groups and e-commerce platforms can better meet the consumption situation of agricultural products during the pandemic period. The moderating effect of consumer commodity preference in the positive influence of safety evaluation on the transformation of shopping mode is significant. In general, online e-commerce platforms and community group buying have played a significant role in ensuring the acquisition of supplies needed by people during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it remains to be determined whether the changes in the shopping modes for agricultural products of urban consumers brought by the current COVID-19 pandemic are long term or solidified.
- Published
- 2022
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42. Impact of Online and Face-to-Face Education on Learning and Satisfaction Levels of Medical Students in the Medical Physiology Course.
- Author
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Kheiry, Maryam, Mozafari, Ali Ashraf, Kaffashian, Mohammadreza, Kheiri, Amin, shohani, Masoumeh, Kenarkoohi, Azra, Vahabi, Mehdi, and Maleki, Maryam
- Subjects
CURRICULUM ,CROSS-sectional method ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,MEDICAL education ,SATISFACTION ,ACADEMIC medical centers ,DATA analysis ,CRONBACH'S alpha ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,TEACHING methods ,EDUCATIONAL tests & measurements ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,ONLINE education ,RESEARCH methodology ,RESEARCH ,STATISTICS ,MARITAL status ,PSYCHOLOGY of medical students ,LEARNING strategies ,STUDENT attitudes ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DATA analysis software ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Introduction: Effective performance in online education increasingly impacts the quality of classes and, consequently, student learning outcomes. This study aims to compare satisfaction levels and learning rates between online and face-to-face methods of teaching medical physiology. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study involved 79 medical students divided into two groups. The first group received instruction on heart physiology (5 weeks, one session per week) online via the Navid system, while the second group received face-to-face instruction. At the study's conclusion, both groups underwent the same test to assess learning outcomes, and satisfaction with the teaching methods was evaluated through a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using Stata 14 statistical software, employing logistic regression and linear regression models. Results: The two groups differed in terms of the course studied, student nativeness, and satisfaction levels with the educational method. Satisfaction with online education was reported at 69%, compared to 65% for the face-to-face method. The average learning score for students in the online group was 12.93±0.12, while in the face-to-face group, it was 13.48±0.47. However, the linear regression model revealed no significant relationship between students' scores and specific educational methods (p=0.32). Significant relationships were observed between age, nativeness, and dormitory accommodation with satisfaction levels in online education. Conversely, none of the variables showed a significant relationship with satisfaction levels in face-to-face education. Conclusion: Both e-learning and face-to-face methods demonstrated relatively similar effects on students' learning outcomes. However, satisfaction levels with online education appear to be influenced by variables such as age, nativeness, and dormitory accommodation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
43. Slovenian COVID-19 discourse in the context of verbal as well as physical violence against medical professionals.
- Author
-
Ramšak, Mojca
- Subjects
VIOLENCE against medical personnel ,CONSPIRACY theories ,DEATH threats ,MEDICAL personnel ,COVID-19 pandemic ,LABOR market ,COVID-19 - Abstract
During the Coronavirus epidemic in Slovenia (March 2020 to June 2021) and during the period of global public health emergency due to COVID-19 (January 2020 to May 2023), public discourse about physicians in the Slovenian media and on social media fluctuated between extremes ranging from idolisation, hero worship and contempt to verbal and physical threats. These diametrically different images of doctors coincided with the measures taken in the country to contain the epidemic and the consequences for the lives of people who suddenly lost their livelihoods and sense of freedom. The discourse observed in comments under media reports and on social media about physicians between January 2020 and May 2023 shows that the entire burden of staff shortages and otherwise poorly organised healthcare fell on medical personnel, who had to deal with long queues, exhaustion and escalated verbal and physical aggression. The depriving of the right to treatment for anyone within a reasonable period of time, which loomed over the entire healthcare system due to the Coronavirus, together with the circulation of different conspiracy theories, caused intense anger, vulgar insults and comparisons of all kinds, physical harassment and death threats against individual physicians, as well as an unjustifiably growing distrust of medicine in general. This article analyses the hostile and abusive online communications that, in real life, were unleashed in occasional physical attacks and other forms of violence against medical personnel in Slovenia. It highlights the complicated interplay between medicine and the social and cultural context during the COVID-19 pandemic and illustrates the complexity of medicine beyond biological understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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44. Effect of Biomedical Materials in the Implementation of a Long and Healthy Life Policy.
- Author
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Dobrzański, Leszek A., Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, Anna D., Dobrzański, Lech B., and Gorgieva, Selestina
- Subjects
BIOMEDICAL materials ,BIOMEDICAL engineering ,LONGEVITY ,PHYSICIANS ,PRODUCT quality management ,BIOMATERIALS ,BIOMEDICAL signal processing - Abstract
This paper is divided into seven main parts. Its purpose is to review the literature to demonstrate the importance of developing bioengineering and global production of biomaterials to care for the level of healthcare in the world. First, the general description of health as a universal human value and assumptions of a long and healthy life policy is presented. The ethical aspects of the mission of medical doctors and dentists were emphasized. The coronavirus, COVID-19, pandemic has had a significant impact on health issues, determining the world's health situation. The scope of the diseases is given, and specific methods of their prevention are discussed. The next part focuses on bioengineering issues, mainly medical engineering and dental engineering, and the need for doctors to use technical solutions supporting medicine and dentistry, taking into account the current stage Industry 4.0 of the industrial revolution. The concept of Dentistry 4.0 was generally presented, and a general Bioengineering 4.0 approach was suggested. The basics of production management and the quality loop of the product life cycle were analyzed. The general classification of medical devices and biomedical materials necessary for their production was presented. The paper contains an analysis of the synthesis and characterization of biomedical materials supporting medicine and dentistry, emphasizing additive manufacturing methods. Numerous examples of clinical applications supported considerations regarding biomedical materials. The economic conditions for implementing various biomedical materials groups were supported by forecasts for developing global markets for biomaterials, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering. In the seventh part, recapitulation and final remarks against the background of historical retrospection, it was emphasized that the technological processes of production and processing of biomedical materials and the systematic increase in their global production are a determinant of the implementation of a long and healthy policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Diversity and inclusivity: the way to multidisciplinary intensive care medicine in Europe.
- Author
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Cecconi, Maurizio, Kesecioglu, Jozef, Azoulay, Elie, and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine
- Subjects
CRITICAL care medicine ,MEDICAL personnel ,INTENSIVE care units ,PHYSICIANS ,COVID-19 pandemic ,MEDICINE - Abstract
Intensive Care organization varies across Europe where the number of intensive care unit (ICU) beds is 11.5/100,000 people but varies from 4.2/100,000 (Portugal) to nearly 30/100,000 (Germany). 1 ESICM vision for the free movement of Intensivists in Europe The free movement of Intensivists in Europe is something we owe to European Citizens and Intensivists in Europe. Intensive Care was born through a polio pandemic in 1954 in Copenhagen. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2021
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46. Relationship between the Ownership Status of Nursing Homes and Their Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Literature Review
- Author
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Florien M. Kruse, Jasmine C. Mah, Sanne J. J. P. M. Metsemakers, Melissa K. Andrew, Samir K. Sinha, and Patrick P.T. Jeurissen
- Subjects
ownership ,for-profit ,nursing homes ,long-term care facilities ,COVID-19 pandemic ,coronavirus ,Medicine ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Context: Some nursing homes fared better than others to protect themselves against the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Organisational characteristics may mediate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous reviews have suggested for-profit providers provide worse quality of care. Does ownership also matter in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic? Objective: The aim of this literature review is to evaluate the relationship between ownership structure of nursing homes and their performance during the pandemic, measured as COVID-19 cases and deaths. Method: A rapid literature review was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science, following a systematic approach. The search was conducted in October 2020 and updated in December 2020. Articles were selected based on a pre-defined set of PICOT criteria and underwent risk of bias assessment. Findings: Eighteen papers were included in this rapid review. These papers cover a period from March to July 2020. The majority of papers found a significant relationship in the unadjusted statistics between ownership status and effectiveness in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the adjusted figures paint a more nuanced picture. The relationship seems to be mediated by other organisational (e.g., size), process (e.g., staff shortages) and contextual factors (e.g., regional spread of COVID-19) in comparison to ownership directly. Limitations: The majority of the included studies focus on North America, and most studies are of low to medium quality with respect to research methodology. Implications: In the short-term, it will likely be more effective to address identified mediating factors of the relationship between ownership and COVID-19 outcomes; but for the long-term, this review is in keeping with previous literature suggesting policymakers should be cautious about encouraging the ownership of nursing homes by for-profit providers.
- Published
- 2021
47. Letter to the Editor: Delayed Presentation of Non-COVID-19 Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic Is Not Limited to Children
- Author
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Klaus Rose, Oishi Tanjinatus, Jane Grant-Kels, Earl B. Ettienne, and Pasquale Striano
- Subjects
covid-19 pandemic ,multiple inflammatory syndrome (mis) ,multiple inflammatory syndrome in children (mis-c) ,pediatric drug development ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
We read with interest the report about four minors who were diagnosed late with non-COVID-19 diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. We would like to emphasize that, firstly, such delays are not limited to minors, and secondly, that also in minors should we distinguish the administrative and the physiological meanings of the term “child” and hence distinguish administratively defined “children” who bodily are already mature from those young patients who bodily are indeed still children. The 16-year-old patient that was presented to the emergency room with endocarditis was bodily no longer a child, although administratively and probably also psychologically, due to his Down syndrome, he was still a child. Two of the other patients, one with hemolytic anemia (2.5 years old) and one with Ewing sarcoma (4 years old), were still pre-pubertal children, while the 13-year-old minor with a septic hip was already adolescent. The author of the cited paper works in a pediatric department and reports those patients that he has seen during his work. However, in our view there is nothing specifically pediatric in his observations. Several recent papers discuss delays of diagnosis and treatment of non-COVID-19 diseases during the pandemic, including head and neck cancer, appendicitis, heart failure and septicemia, pulmonary thromboembolism, pyelonephritis, and cancer in general. Some patients in these papers are administratively still “children,” some are adults, and appendicitis is discussed in both. The delay the COVID-19 pandemic has caused in the timely diagnosis of various diseases is not a “pediatric” challenge, but a challenge for medicine in general.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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48. Transformative Potential of AI in Healthcare: Definitions, Applications, and Navigating the Ethical Landscape and Public Perspectives.
- Author
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Bekbolatova, Molly, Mayer, Jonathan, Ong, Chi Wei, and Toma, Milan
- Subjects
HEALTH care industry ,DEEP learning ,PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,PROBLEM solving ,DRUG discovery ,NATURAL language processing ,OPERATIVE surgery ,ENDOSCOPIC ultrasonography ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,MEDICAL care ,TASK performance ,MACHINE learning ,VACCINE development ,DIAGNOSTIC imaging ,PREDICTION models ,POPULATION health ,ARTIFICIAL neural networks ,DECISION making in clinical medicine ,CONTACT tracing ,PUBLIC opinion ,ALGORITHMS ,COVID-19 pandemic ,TELEMEDICINE ,HEALTH care rationing - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a crucial tool in healthcare with the primary aim of improving patient outcomes and optimizing healthcare delivery. By harnessing machine learning algorithms, natural language processing, and computer vision, AI enables the analysis of complex medical data. The integration of AI into healthcare systems aims to support clinicians, personalize patient care, and enhance population health, all while addressing the challenges posed by rising costs and limited resources. As a subdivision of computer science, AI focuses on the development of advanced algorithms capable of performing complex tasks that were once reliant on human intelligence. The ultimate goal is to achieve human-level performance with improved efficiency and accuracy in problem-solving and task execution, thereby reducing the need for human intervention. Various industries, including engineering, media/entertainment, finance, and education, have already reaped significant benefits by incorporating AI systems into their operations. Notably, the healthcare sector has witnessed rapid growth in the utilization of AI technology. Nevertheless, there remains untapped potential for AI to truly revolutionize the industry. It is important to note that despite concerns about job displacement, AI in healthcare should not be viewed as a threat to human workers. Instead, AI systems are designed to augment and support healthcare professionals, freeing up their time to focus on more complex and critical tasks. By automating routine and repetitive tasks, AI can alleviate the burden on healthcare professionals, allowing them to dedicate more attention to patient care and meaningful interactions. However, legal and ethical challenges must be addressed when embracing AI technology in medicine, alongside comprehensive public education to ensure widespread acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Gender and professionalism: Still a black box a call for research, debate and action. Suggestions from and beyond the pandemic crisis.
- Author
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Cataldi, Laura and Tomatis, Francesca
- Subjects
PROFESSIONALISM ,COVID-19 pandemic ,HYGIENE ,PANDEMICS ,GENDER ,CITIZENS - Abstract
The gender-professionalism nexus is the source of persistent inequalities in our society. Its continuing relevance emerges even more in the pandemic crisis as a revealing context of social dynamics, showing a "differential in visibility" among welfare professionals, associated with gender, status and power. The attribution of "masculine" and "feminine" connotations (re)produces structures of inequality: there are male/dominant and female/subordinate professions. The exploration of this nexus reveals the existence of two polar meanings of care and body work, as well as two conceptions of professionalism and citizenship. Caring as "therapy" is related to "work on the body" and reflects a classical conception of professionalism aimed at client-citizens; whereas caring as "to care for" is related to "work with and between bodies" and meets better new professionalism aimed at active citizens. Considering gender as professional practice ideology highlights how "gender commonality" is not a solution to inequalities. Furthermore, it can contribute to the deconstruction of the dominance structures. In a such research agenda, narratives of professionals are the key to open the black box. Taking up the challenge to open the gender-professionalism black box is not just a matter of research, but of political action, starting from academia itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Lignin Valorization Problems (A Review).
- Author
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Evstigneyev, E. I.
- Subjects
LIGNINS ,LIGNIN structure ,MOLAR mass ,LIGNANS ,COVID-19 pandemic ,THREE-dimensional printing ,CARBON fibers ,COPPER - Abstract
This review considered two directions of lignin valorization: valorization of technical lignins as such, not subjected to preliminary depolymerization, and their valorization through monomeric compounds resulted from selective lignin degradation. The first direction includes production of lignin hydrogels and use of lignin in medicine, pharmacology, and 3D printing, as well as in preparation of carbon fibers and biofuels. Lignin hydrogels are distinguished by high sorption capacity with respect to heavy metals such as lead, iron, and copper, making ~25–50% of the lignin weight, depending on the content of acidic groups in lignin and on the molar mass of the sorbate, and therefore are suitable for treatment of chemical industry wastewater. Lignin possesses high biological activity toward various pathogens, including viruses, which makes this research area very topical, especially against the backdrop of the COVID-19 outbreak. Use of lignin in some composites for 3D printing allows increasing the mechanical strength of the finished products. Industrial implementation of the technology of carbon fibers production from lignin will provide a twofold reduction of the weight of vehicles. The second direction of lignin valorization, including hydrogenolysis and selective oxidation, affords monomeric compounds in close to theoretical yields. The review also considered economic aspects of valorization. In addition, based on comparison of the results of valorization of softwood and hardwood lignins, a hypothesis on the structure of native lignin was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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