Search

Features a study which evaluated the trend and impact of antiretroviral and antiherpesvirus therapies on the incidence of Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) in a multicenter HIV/AIDS surveillance system between 1990 and 1998. Risk factors associated with KS among HIV-infected persons; Methodology; Results and discussion.

Surveys the incidence of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses (OIs) in the United States. Problems and conditions; Incidence of OIs in the country; Percentage of persons with specific OIs during the course of AIDS; Results of the study; Interpretation of the data.

Describes the incidence of and laboratory and clinical characteristics associated with Entamoeba histolytica or Entamoeba dispar infection diagnosed in HIV-infected persons. Effects of sexual preference on the occurrence of E. histolytica or E. dispar infection; Potential risk factors for the occurrence of the infection.

Background: Topically delivered tenofovir (TFV) from intravaginal rings, tablets, or gels is being evaluated for HIV prevention. We previously demonstrated that TFV delivered vaginally by gel protected macaques from vaginal infection with SHIV. Here we investigated efficacy of the TFV gel against vaginal transmission of a TFV-resistant SHIV containing the K65R mutation (SHIV162P3K65R) and its relationship to drug levels in vaginal tissues. Results: SHIV162P3K65R shows approximately a 5-fold reduction in susceptibility to TFV compared to wild-type SHIV. Efficacy was evaluated in pig-tailed macaques exposed vaginally twice-weekly (up to 10 weeks) to SHIV162P3K65R 30 min after receiving placebo (n = 6) or 1% TFV (n = 6) gel. Four of the six controls were infected after a median of 5 exposures. In contrast, five of six macaques that received TFV gel remained uninfected after 20 vaginal SHIV162P3K65R exposures, resulting in an estimated efficacy of 75%. The mean intracellular TFV-diphosphate (TFV-DP) concentrations in vaginal lymphocytes 4 h after a single gel dose were found to be high (1,631 fmol/106 cells, range 492-3,847) and within the in vitro IC75 range (1,206 fmol/106 cells) for SHIV162P3K65R. Conclusion: Both the modest resistance conferred by K65R and the high TFV-DP exposure in vaginal lymphocytes, likely explain the observed protection. The findings in this model do not predict complete loss of protection by topical TFV against vaginal exposure to HIV-1K65R viruses and provide a tissue drug target for high efficacy. These data will facilitate the development of TFV delivery platforms that have high activity on both wild-type and TFV-resistant viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study on the incidence of aspergillosis among HIV-infected people and survival after aspergillosis diagnosis by use of national HIV surveillance database. Information on aspergillosis; Methods; Results and discussion.