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Measurements of density, viscosity and vapor pressure for binary mixtures of exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10) with isopropyl ether are reported at temperatures of (293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K over the entire composition range. The excess molar volumes, viscosity deviation and excess Gibbs energies of activation for the binary systems were calculated from the experimental values and fitted with the Redlich-Kister equation. Isopropyl ether was added to enhance the vapor pressure of JP-10. Experimental vapor pressure data were correlated by the Antoine equation. Several semi-empirical equations were used to correlate the viscosity data. The McAllister equation gives relatively satisfactory results for the correlation. The experimental and correlated data could be used in the development of models for mixtures of hydrocarbons with oxygenates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hourly air concentrations of fifty-three non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) were measured at downtown and suburb of Lanzhou, a petrochemical industrialized city, Northwest China in 2013. The measured data were used to investigate the seasonal characteristics of NMHCs air pollution and their contributions to the ozone formation in Lanzhou. Annually averaged NMHCs concentration was 38.29 ppbv in downtown Lanzhou. Among 53 NMHCs, alkanes, alkenes, and aromatics accounted for 57%, 23% and 20% of the total NMHCs air concentration, respectively. The atmospheric levels of toluene and propane with mean values of 4.62 and 4.56 ppbv were higher than other NMHCs, respectively. The ambient levels of NMHCs in downtown Lanzhou were compared with measured NMHCs data collected at a suburban site of Lanzhou, located near a large-scale petrochemical industry. Results show that the levels of alkanes, alkenes, and aromatics in downtown Lanzhou were lower by factors of 3-11 than that in west suburb of the city. O 3 -isopleth plots show that ozone was formed in VOCs control area in downtown Lanzhou and NO x control area at the west suburban site during the summertime. Propylene-equivalent (Prop-Equiv) concentration and the maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) in downtown Lanzhou indicate that cis-2-butene, propylene, and m/p-xylene were the first three compounds contributing to ozone formation potentials whereas in the petrochemical industrialized west suburb, ethane, propene, and trans-2-Butene played more important role in the summertime ozone formation. Principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) were further applied to identify the dominant emission sources and examine their fractions in total NMHCs. Results suggest that vehicle emission, solvent usage, and industrial activities were major sources of NMHCs in the city, accounting for 58.34%, 22.19%, and 19.47% of the total monitored NMHCs in downtown Lanzhou, respectively. In the west suburb of the city, however, vehicle emission was less important as compared with sources from petrochemical industries, as characterized by relatively higher ethane (C 2 H 4 )/ ethyne (acetylene) and propene (C 3 H 6 )/ethyne ratios which ruled out tailpipes emission as major contributors to the VOCs sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The densities and viscosities of mixtures of a hydrocarbon fuel (JP-10) with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) or ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) were determined at different temperatures (293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15)K, over the entire composition range. Excess molar volumes, viscosity deviation and excess Gibbs energies of activation of mixtures were calculated and fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation. The excess molar volumes are negative over the entire range of composition. The viscosity data have been correlated with several semi-empirical equations. The thermodynamic functions of activation were also calculated. The refractive indices of the systems were also measured for temperatures of (293.15, 303.15 and 313.15)K. The results provide important information on the research and application of JP-10 and fuel ethers as additives. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]