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1. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among 28,000 employees.

Author

Scheerbaum M, Langenbach C, Scheerbaum P, Heidemann F, Rieß HC, Heigel H, Debus SE, and Behrendt CA

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus diagnosis, Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology, Female, Germany epidemiology, Health Surveys, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia diagnosis, Hypercholesterolemia epidemiology, Hypertension diagnosis, Hypertension epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity diagnosis, Prevalence, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Smoking adverse effects, Smoking epidemiology, Time Factors, Young Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Obesity epidemiology, Occupational Health
Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Germany. The knowledge of causal risk factors and their distribution is of utmost importance to design screening programs., Probands and Methods: In this cross-sectional study design we used STROBE criteria to achieve the highest comparability possible. Anthropometric measures (height and weight), total cholesterol, glucose level, and blood pressure were measured. Probands' history was collected by using a standardized questionnaire. The data was age- and gender-adjusted for the working population 16 to 70 years of age, derived from the micro census, the 1 %-sample census of the German statistical office. For each study year weight factors were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was conducted regarding the cardiovascular risk factors: smoking, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity., Results: Between 2006 and 2015 a total of 28,293 employees took part in the ongoing company screenings. The mean age was 42.3 years for both sexes (median: 43 years). The mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.6 kg/m 2 (men: 26.5 kg/m 2 , women: 24.7 kg/m 2 ). A history of hypertension was present in 16 % of the employees (men: 17.8 %, women: 13.8 %). Of the respondents 2 % suffered from diabetes (men: 2.4 %, women: 1.6 %). Lipid-lowering drugs were taken by 2.8 % of all employees (3.6 % men and 1.9 % women). 23.3 % of the men and women indicated to be active smokers. In the regression analysis obesity was associated with a four times higher risk of hypertension and a three times higher risk of elevated glucose levels, thus manifesting as main contributor for vascular diseases. Meanwhile the risk for obesity was 140 % higher in probands who are former smokers., Conclusions: We regard obesity as the number one cardiovascular risk which should be assessed by various medical, legislative, and socio-economic actions to limit future mortality and health-care costs in Germany.

Published
2017
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2. The influence of preexisting lower extremity edema and venous stasis disease on body contouring outcomes.

Author

Katzel EB, Nayar HS, Davenport MP, Bossert RP, Rubin JP, and Gusenoff JA

Subjects
Adult, Female, Humans, Lower Extremity, Lymphedema diagnosis, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity therapy, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Preoperative Period, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Venous Insufficiency diagnosis, Weight Loss, Cosmetic Techniques, Edema etiology, Lymphedema complications, Obesity complications, Postoperative Complications etiology, Thigh surgery, Venous Insufficiency complications
Abstract

Background: While a cause and effect relationship is traditionally thought to exist between thigh surgery and postoperative lymphedema, the link between obesity-related lymphatic and/or venous disease and post-body contouring lower extremity edema has not been investigated. We hypothesize that patients who experience prolonged lower extremity edema following thigh surgery are predisposed to developing this complication due to unrecognized preoperative lymphovascular disease., Methods: Fifty-five patients who had undergone body contouring surgery were identified from our prospective registry. Twenty-eight patients completed the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), a validated outcome measure of venous disease. Three time points were assessed: pre-weight loss (T1), post-weight loss but pre-body contouring (T2), and post-body contouring (T3). Based on T3 VCSS, patients were divided into 2 groups-a T3 VCSS ≤3 (group 1; N = 13) and a T3 VCSS ≥4 (group 2; N = 15)., Results: VCSS for group 1 at T1, T2, and T3 were 3.31 ± 0.55, 1.85 ± 0.27, and 1.54 ± 0.35 (mean ± SEM), respectively, versus 6.3 ± 1.10, 4.33 ± 0.8, and 6.8 ± 0.63 for group 2 (P < 0.05, P < 0.05, and P < 0.0001). Pain scores at T1 was 0.46 ± 0.21 for group 1 versus 1.1 ± 0.24 for group 2 (P < 0.05). Edema scores for group 1 at T1, T2, and T3 were 0.69 ± 0.29, 0.08 ± 0.08, and 0.15 ± 0.10 versus 1.87 ± 0.35, 1.13 ± 0.31, and 2.13 ± 0.24 for group 2 (P < 0.05, P < 0.001, and P < 0.0001, respectively)., Conclusions: Using VCSS, post-bariatric patients with prolonged lower extremity edema experienced clinically identifiable signs of disease prior to weight loss and body contouring surgery. Thus, careful preoperative evaluation may help identify at-risk patients and aid in managing postoperative expectations.

Published
2014
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3. Surgical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the obese patient.

Author

Nau, P., Jackson, H. T., Aryaie, A., Ibele, A., Shouhed, D., Lo Menzo, E., Kurian, M., Khaitan, L., and SAGES Foregut Task Force White Paper

Subjects
GASTROESOPHAGEAL reflux, GASTRIC bypass, BARIATRIC surgery, DISEASES, FUNDOPLICATION, OBESITY complications, LAPAROSCOPY
Abstract

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects two thirds of the American population. Obesity is also a disease that affects two thirds of the population. The pathophysiology of reflux disease is reasonably understood, however, the degree to which obesity affects this disease remains poorly defined. Therefore the approach to GERD in the obese patient requires special attention and its own algorithm.Methods: A literature search was conducted to consolidate the current available literature on GERD and its management in the obese. In addition, the authors reviewed the literature and present expert opinion on controversial topics.Results: It is well established that GERD is increased in obesity and the pathophysiology is reviewed. Management options for GERD are discussed, with a focus on the obese population. Management strategies including fundoplication and gastric bypass are discussed. In addition, bariatric surgery in the setting of GERD is also reviewed.Conclusions: Currently this is an extremely controversial topic and this white paper presents a strong review of the literature to help guide the management of this challenging disease in this population. Expert recommendations are given throughout the paper based upon the current available data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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4. The association between sedentary behavior and sarcopenia among adults aged ≥65 years in low-and middle-income countries

Author

Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Deepti Adlakha, Mark A. Tully, Nicole E Blackburn, Ai Koyanagi, Paolo Caserotti, Pinar Soysal, Nicola Veronese, Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez, Davy Vancampfort, Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), University of Ulster, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), National Institute on Aging, NIA: 08-CN-0020, OGHA 04034785, R01‐AG034479, R21‐AG034263, Y1-AG-1005, Y1‐AG‐1005–01, YA1323– 08‐CN‐0020, This paper uses data from WHO?s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323? 08-CN-0020, Y1-AG-1005?01 and through research grants R01-AG034479 and R21-AG034263., Funding: This paper uses data from WHO’s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SAGE is supported by the U.S. National Institute on Aging through Interagency Agreements OGHA 04034785, YA1323– 08‐CN‐0020, Y1‐AG‐1005–01 and through research grants R01‐AG034479 and R21‐AG034263., SOYSAL, PINAR, Smith, L., Tully, M., Jacob, L., Blackburn, N., Adlakha, D., Caserotti, P., Soysal, P., Veronese, N., Sánchez, G.F.L., Vancampfort, D., and Koyanagi, A.

Subjects
Male, Sarcopenia, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, WORLD-HEALTH-ORGANIZATION, Logistic regression, Continuous variable, older adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Gait, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Low- and middle-income countries, Hand Strength, Sedentary behavior, musculoskeletal system, 3. Good health, PREVALENCE, TIME, OBESITY, Older adults, Income, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Article, Odds, SKELETAL-MUSCLE MASS, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, OLDER-ADULTS, Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, Public health, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, body regions, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Cross-Sectional Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Ageing, Low and middle income countries, FAT, Sedentary Behavior, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Environmental Sciences, Demography, low- and middle-income countries, older adults, sarcopenia, sedentary behavior
Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the association between sedentary behavior and sarcopenia among adults aged &ge, 65 years. Cross-sectional data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined as having low skeletal muscle mass and either a slow gait speed or a weak handgrip strength. Self-reported sedentary behavior was assessed as a continuous variable (hours per day) and also as a categorical variable (0&ndash, &lt, 4, 4&ndash, 8, 8&ndash, 11, &ge, 11 hours/day). Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between sedentary behavior and sarcopenia. Analyses using the overall sample and country-wise samples were conducted. A total of 14,585 participants aged &ge, 65 years were included in the analysis. Their mean age was 72.6 (standard deviation, 11.5) years and 55% were females. Compared to sedentary behavior of 0&ndash, 4 hours/day, &ge, 11hours/day was significantly associated with 2.14 (95% CI = 1.06&ndash, 4.33) times higher odds for sarcopenia. The country-wise analysis showed that overall, a one-hour increase in sedentary behavior per day was associated with 1.06 (95% CI = 1.04&ndash, 1.10) times higher odds for sarcopenia, while the level of between-country heterogeneity was low (I2 = 12.9%). Public health and healthcare practitioners may wish to target reductions in sedentary behavior to aid in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.

Published
2020

5. Mid-childhood fat mass and airflow limitation at 15 years:The mediating role of insulin resistance and C-reactive protein

Author

Gabriela P. Peralta, Raquel Granell, Annabelle Bédard, Anne‐Elie Carsin, Elaine Fuertes, Laura D. Howe, Sandra Márquez, Deborah L. Jarvis, Judith Garcia‐Aymerich, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), University of Bristol [Bristol], Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute [Barcelona, Spain] (IMIM), Imperial College London, Wellcome Trust, WT, Medical Research Council, MRC: 076467/Z/05/Z, G0401540/73080, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MICINN, Horizon 2020: 633212, The present analyses are part of the Aging Lungs in European Cohorts (ALEC) Study ( www.alecstudy.org ), which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 633212. The content of this article reflects only the authors' views, and the European Commission is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome (Grant reference: 217065/Z/19/Z) and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. This publication is the work of the authors and Laura Howe and Raquel Granell will serve as guarantors for the contents of this paper. A comprehensive list of grant funding is available on the ALSPAC website ( http://www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac/external/documents/grant‐acknowledgements.pdf ). Specifically, grants from Wellcome Trust and MRC (076467/Z/05/Z and G0401540/73080) supported the collection of body composition and lung function data at 15 years. We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the 'Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023' Program (CEX2018‐000806‐S), and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program., European Project: 633212,H2020,H2020-PHC-2014-two-stage,ALEC(2015), HAL UVSQ, Équipe, and Aging Lungs in European Cohorts - ALEC - - H20202015-05-01 - 2019-04-30 - 633212 - VALID

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, obesity, Immunology, ALSPAC, C-reactive protein, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, insulin resistance, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Immunology and Allergy, epidemiology, mediation, airflow limitation
Abstract

Key MessageAlthough obesity measures have been consistently associated with a lower FEV1/FVC ratio in adolescents, no previous study has assessed the underlying mechanisms of this association This population-based study assessed whether insulin resistance and CRP levels at 15 years partially mediate the association between fat mass and FEV1/FVC using a causal mediation analysis approach. The findings suggest that insulin resistance at 15 years may mediate over 20% of this association, but no evidence of a mediating role of CRP was found. Further, longitudinal studies that evaluate other biomarkers of systemic inflammation and examine other potential mechanisms are needed to better understand the pathways linking obesity and respiratory health in adolescence. This is key for public health interventions and targeting clinical interventions.AbstractBackgroundWe previously reported an association of high fat mass levels from age 9 to 15 years with lower forced expiratory flow in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio (i.e., increased risk of airflow limitation) at 15 years. Here, we aimed to assess whether insulin resistance and C-reactive protein (CRP) at 15 years partially mediate this association.MethodsWe included 2263 children from the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children population-based cohort (ALSPAC). Four fat mass index (FMI) trajectories (“low,” “medium-low,” “medium-high,” “high”) from 9 to 15 years were previously identified using Group-Based Trajectory Modeling. Data on CRP, glucose, insulin, and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC were available at 15 years. We defined insulin resistance by the homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). We used adjusted linear regression models and a causal mediation analysis to assess the mediating role of HOMA-IR and CRP.ResultsCompared to children in the “low” FMI trajectory, children in the “medium-high” and “high” FMI trajectories had lower FEV1/FVC at 15 years. The percentage of the total effect explained by HOMA-IR was 19.8% [−114.1 to 170.0] and 20.4% [1.6 to 69.0] for the “medium-high” and “high” trajectories, respectively. In contrast, there was little evidence for a mediating role of CRP.ConclusionThe association between mid-childhood fat mass and FEV1/FVC ratio at 15 years may be partially mediated by insulin resistance.

Published
2022

6. Cluster Analysis of Physical Activity Patterns, and Relationship with Sedentary Behavior and Healthy Lifestyles in Prepubertal Children: Genobox Cohort

Author

Gloria Bueno, Francisco Jesus Llorente-Cantarero, Concepción M. Aguilera, Juan Jose Bedoya-Carpente, Augusto Anguita-Ruiz, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Jose Manuel Jurado-Castro, Rosaura Leis, Azahara Iris-Rupérez, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Ciencias Forenses, Anatomía Patolóxica, Xinecoloxía e Obstetricia, e Pediatría, [Leis,R, Bedoya-Carpente,JJ, Vázquez-Cobela,R] Unidad de Investigación en Nutrición, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Humano de Galicia, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. [Leis,R, Llorente-Cantarero,FJ, Anguita-Ruiz,A, Vázquez-Cobela,R, Aguilera,CM, Bueno,G, Gil-Campos,M] CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. [Jurado-Castro,JM, Gil-Campos,M] Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. [Llorente-Cantarero,FJ] Department of Artistic and Corporal Education, Faculty of Education, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. [Anguita-Ruiz,A, Aguilera,CM] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain. [Anguita-Ruiz,A, Aguilera,CM] Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain. [Iris-Rupérez,A] GENUD Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain. [Bueno,G] Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain., and This work was supported bythe Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e InnovaciónTecnológica (I + D + I), Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Health Research Funding (FONDOS FEDER) (PI051968, PI1102042 and PI1600871) and Redes temáticas de investigación cooperativa RETIC (Red SAMID RD12/0026/0015). The authors also acknowledge Instituto de Salud Carlos III for personal funding of A.A.-R: Contratos i-PFIS: doctorados IIS empresa en ciencias y tecnologías de la salud de la convocatoria 2017 de la Acción Estratégica en Salud 2013–2016 (IFI17/00048).This paper will be included in J.M.J.-C. doctorate, under the 'Social and Legal Sciences Program' at theUniversity of Córdoba, Spain.

Subjects
Male, obesity, Mediterranean diet, Health Behavior, Obesidad, Child Behavior, Diet, Mediterranean, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Cluster Analysis, Insulin, 030212 general & internal medicine, skin and connective tissue diseases, Child, Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides::Triglycerides [Medical Subject Headings], Nutrition and Dietetics, exercise, Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Health Behavior [Medical Subject Headings], Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Nutrition Therapy::Diet Therapy::Diet, Mediterranean [Medical Subject Headings], Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Equipment and Supplies::Electrical Equipment and Supplies [Medical Subject Headings], Conducta sedentaria, Ejercicio físico, Cardiovascular diseases, Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Child Behavior [Medical Subject Headings], Cohort, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Health Surveys::Nutrition Surveys::Diet Surveys [Medical Subject Headings], Female, Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena::Human Activities::Leisure Activities::Recreation::Sports [Medical Subject Headings], Club, Enfermedades cardiovasculares, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Sports, musculoskeletal diseases, Electrical Equipment and Supplies, Anatomy::Digestive System::Pancreas::Islets of Langerhans::Insulin-Secreting Cells [Medical Subject Headings], Physical activity, Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings], 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, lcsh:TX341-641, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Cluster Analysis [Medical Subject Headings], Disease cluster, Article, Information Science::Information Science::Data Collection::Questionnaires [Medical Subject Headings], 03 medical and health sciences, Screen time, Environmental health, Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena::Human Activities::Exercise [Medical Subject Headings], medicine, Humans, Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Child [Medical Subject Headings], Healthy Lifestyle, Obesity, Exercise, Triglycerides, business.industry, Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Psychology, Social::Life Style [Medical Subject Headings], Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Dieta mediterránea, cardiovascular diseases, stomatognathic diseases, Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings], Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Sedentary Behavior, business, Food Science
Abstract

The authors would like to thank the children and parents who participated in the study and Ana Yara Postigo-Fuentes for the assistance with the English editing., Sedentary habits during childhood are associated with adverse health outcomes. The aim of this work was to cluster lifestyle behaviors and metabolic biomarkers to establish different patterns in children. Their physical and sedentary activities were evaluated by accelerometry, and questionnaires that included lifestyle behaviors, such as adherence to a Mediterranean diet, anthropometry and blood biochemical markers. Cluster analysis was performed to establish different groups based on physical activity levels. A total of 489 children were finally selected. Cluster 1 included children with a mostly sedentary state, whereas Cluster 3 included the most active children and Cluster 2 included children that did not fit into either the sedentary or the highly active groups. In Cluster 3, 56% of children were in a sports club, and a lower percentage used electronic devices in their rooms compared to the other groups. Cluster 1 children exhibited higher insulin, HOMA-IR and triacylglycerides with respect to the other groups. No differences were found regarding adherence to a Mediterranean diet. The choice to practice an extracurricular sport could be an influencing factor to increase exercise and ensure an active lifestyle in children. Reducing or limiting screen time mainly in children’s rooms could contribute to an active lifestyle., Plan Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica, Desarrollo e InnovacionTecnologica (I + D + I), Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Health Research Funding (FONDOS FEDER) PI051968 PI1102042 PI1600871, Redes tematicas de investigacion cooperativa RETIC (Red SAMID) RD12/0026/0015, Instituto de Salud Carlos III IFI17/00048

Published
2020

7. A systematic review of determinants of sedentary behaviour in youth: a DEDIPAC-study

Author

Stierlin, Annabel, de Lepeleere, Sara, Cardon, Greet, Dargent-Molina, Patricia, Hoffmann, Belinda, Murphy, Marie, Kennedy, Aileen, O’donoghue, Grainne, Chastin, Sebastien, de Craemer, Marieke, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Section Health Economics and Health Services Research, Department of Psychiatry II, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg Neurochirurgische Klinik-Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg Neurochirurgische Klinik, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Centre for Preventive Medicine, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University [Dublin] (DCU), Institute of Applied Health Research, School of Health and Life Science, Glasgow Caledonian University-Glasgow Caledonian University, The preparation of this paper was supported by the DEterminants of DIetand Physical ACtivity (DEDIPAC) knowledge hub. This work is supported bythe Joint Programming Initiative‘Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life’. The funding agencies supporting this work are (on alphabetical order of participating Member State): Belgium: Research Foundation–Flanders, France: InstitutNational de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Germany: Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Ireland: The Health Research Board (HRB), The United Kingdom: The Medical Research Council (MRC).Sara De Lepeleere is a recipient of a PhD-scholarship from the Flemish Agency for Care and Health (B/12732/01) and is supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) (FWO14/ASP/066). Marieke De Craemer is supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) (FWO.OPR.2013.0366.01), Ulm University, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg Neurochirurgische Klinik - Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg Neurochirurgische Klinik, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Université Paris 13 - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universität Ulm, Glasgow Caledonian University - Glasgow Caledonian University, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), and BMC, BMC

Subjects
TELEVISION, Nutrition and Dietetics, Youth, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Determinant, IOWA BONE-DEVELOPMENT, YOUNG-PEOPLE, ADOLESCENT GIRLS, Medicine (miscellaneous), PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY LEVELS, CHILDREN, Sedentary behaviour, Adolescents, HEALTH INDICATORS, Screen time, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], OBESITY, Medicine and Health Sciences, PRIMARY-SCHOOL, Children, Sitting, SCREEN-TIME
Abstract

International audience; AbstractSedentary behaviour (SB) has emerged as a potential risk factor for metabolic health in youth. Knowledge on the determinants of SB in youth is necessary to inform future intervention development to reduce SB. A systematic review was conducted to identify predictors and determinants of SB in youth. Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched, limiting to articles in English, published between January 2000 and May 2014. The search strategy was based on four key elements and their synonyms: (a) sedentary behaviour, (b) determinants, (c) types of sedentary behaviours, (d) types of determinants. The full protocol is available from PROSPERO (PROSPERO 2014:CRD42014009823). Cross-sectional studies were excluded. The analysis was guided by the socio-ecological model. 37 studies were selected out of 2654 identified papers from the systematic literature search. Most studies were conducted in Europe (n = 13), USA (n = 11), and Australia (n = 10). The study quality, using the Qualsyst tool, was high with a median of 82 % (IQR: 74–91 %). Multiple potential determinants were studied in only one or two studies. Determinants were found at the individual, interpersonal, environmental and policy level but few studies examined a comprehensive set of factors at different levels of influences. Evidence was found for age being positively associated with total SB, and weight status and baseline assessment of screen time being positively associated with screen time (at follow-up). A higher playground density and a higher availability of play and sports equipment at school were consistently related to an increased total SB, although these consistent findings come from single studies. Evidence was also reported for the presence of safe places to cross roads and lengthening morning and lunch breaks being associated with less total SB. Future interventions to decrease SB levels should especially target children with overweight or obesity and should start at a young age. However, since the relationship of many determinants with SB remains inconsistent, there is still a need for more longitudinal research on determinants of SB in youth.

Published
2015