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Abstract Bovine serum albumin (BSA) imprinted polyampholyte hydrogels (PAHs) were prepared by free radical polymerization using acrylamide (Am) as structural monomer, N -isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm), [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (DMC) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) as functional monomers and N , N′ -methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinker in aqueous solution. The morphology of imprinted hydrogels and non-imprinted hydrogels were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The adsorption and recognition properties were evaluated as functions of Am monomer concentration, NIPAm/Am molar ratio, crosslinking structure and charge density ratio etc. The adsorption capacity and association constant of specific interaction between hydrogel and template protein were analyzed by Langmuir isotherm model and Freundlich model. The fitting experimental data suggested that this adsorption was better described as a monolayer adsorption. The specific adsorption on hydrogel with different crosslinking structure was investigated by selective binding BSA from single solution and binary mixture solution. The charge density ratio in molecular imprinting hydrogel had obvious influence for protein adsorption and recognition. The resultant of regeneration tests showed that elution had large impact on deterioration of the imprinting structure. Graphical abstract fx1 Highlights • Reversible electrostatic binding sites with high specificity have been constructed. • Polymerized electrical charge minimizes non-specific adsorption. • High imprinting efficiency is acquired in polyampholyte MIP hydrogels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bovine serum albumin imprinted polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600) grafted Calcium alginate (CaA) hydrogel microspheres were prepared and characterized. The adsorption and recognition properties of PEG600 grafted calcium alginate (CaA- g-PEG600) microspheres were evaluated and the results showed that the crosslinking structure of CaA- g-PEG600 microspheres exerted an obvious effect on the adsorption capacity and imprinting properties for bovine serum albumin. The adsorption isotherms and recognition properties indicated that the imprinted modified microspheres had excellent rebinding affinity toward target proteins and the imprinting efficiency varied according to PEG600 grafting degree. The adsorption capacity and the imprinting factor were 5.5 mg g and 3.6, respectively. Adsorption kinetics of CaA- g-PEG600 microspheres in accordance with the molecular weight between crosslinks ( Mc) was investigated and the structural influence on protein selective rebinding was discussed. Furthermore, the binary solution separation performance of CaA- g-PEG600 microspheres with different Mc was investigated by selective binding bovine serum albumin from protein mixture solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyurethane grafted calcium alginate hydrogel microspheres intended for bovine serum albumin imprinting were prepared and characterized. The grafting modification was performed prior to the assembling of protein template with hydrogel, which was advantageous to maintain protein conformation and construct more accessible imprinted sites. It was found that the imprinted hydrogel had higher affinity to template molecules after modification. Investigations of grafting ratio influence on specific rebinding and competitive properties indicated that grafted side chains were beneficial to the selective recognition of protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poly vinyl acetate grafted calcium alginate hydrogel microspheres were prepared with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as molecular template. The microspheres exhibited homogeneous and core-shell structure according to different preparation strategy. The rebinding and swelling property of microspheres showed responsiveness toward ionic strength, temperature, and pH. It was found the highest separation factor of 1.85 and imprinting efficiency of 1.75 when the Ca2+ ionic strength was 1.25 and 0.34 mol/kg, respectively. The separation factor was found decreased as temperature grew from 29 to 45°C while the imprinting efficiency reached a peak value at about 37°C. Separation factor of BSA imprinted microspheres at different pH was also recorded and two peaks were found, which were considered to be caused by the similar swollen state due to ionic and covalent crosslinking structure of modified microspheres. The recognition responsiveness is suggested to be influenced by environmental effects due to the changing in imprints' configuration at different swollen states. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agarose hydrogel microspheres imprinted with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were prepared by inverse suspension gelating method. The experimental conditions related with beads’ shape and uniformity were studied, including temperature, surfactant content, and stirring speed. The size and distribution of the pores were found related with porogen and surfactant content. Rebinding properties were influenced by the diameter and porosity. The beads with the smallest diameter exhibited the greatest rebinding capacity, rebinding speed, and imprinting efficiency (IE). Smaller pores provided higher rebinding capacity and IE, but lower rebinding speed. Imprinted microspheres showed good specificity toward templating protein compared to others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which describes the preparation of surface macromolecularly imprinted calcium phosphate/alginate hybrid polymer microspheres (CP/A SMIPMs) under inverse-phase suspension with bovine serum albumin surface imprint. The study uses optical microscopy and rebinding experiments to determine the imprinted microspheres. Result shows that CP/A SMIPMs demonstrate significant improvement in equilibrium rebinding (Qe) and imprinting efficiency.

Abstract: Calcium phosphate/alginate hybrid polymer microspheres with bovine serum albumin (BSA) embedded and coated on the surface were prepared with sodium alginate (SA) and (NH4)2HPO4 by using CaCl2 as the gelling agent in an inverse suspension. The morphology and pore structure of imprinted hybrid polymer microspheres was observed by optical microscopy, ESEM, TEM and SEM. Infrared spectrum analysis demonstrated that new hybrid components were produced in the polymer microspheres. Rebinding dynamic and thermodynamic behaviors of the two imprinted microspheres were evaluated, resulting in a higher BSA affinity for imprinted microspheres relative to non-imprinted ones. The factors influencing the imprinting efficiency (IE) of imprinted microspheres were also studied, including the concentration of CaCl2, template content and pH in rebinding solution, etc. All the results indicated that the surface imprinted microspheres exhibited better imprinting efficiency and higher rebinding capacity. Selectivity tests showed that the imprinted beads exhibited good recognition properties for the template protein versus others. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]