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A zinc coordination polymer, Zn(IN)2 · 2H2O (1) (HIN = isonicotinic acid), has been synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound crystallizes in the chiral space group P62 with a = 15.512(3), b = 15.512(3), c = 6.262(2) Å, V = 1304.9(5) Å3, and Z = 3. The O and N atoms of the IN ligand are coordinated to a ZnII ion, locking the asymmetry of the IN ligand and transferring this asymmetry throughout the crystal structure to “direct” the formation of a chiral network. The structure of 1 is characteristic of a 3-D quartz-like framework, which contains hetero-chiral helical channels (pseudo-trigonal and hexagon channels) alternately along the c-axis. Compound 1 exhibits high stability and intense fluorescent emission at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: Comprehensive summary of crystalline structures and morphologies of carbon nitride-based materials (CNBMs). Density functional theory computation for the design of functional CNBMs for rechargeable battery applications. The experimental synthesis strategies of CNBMs for rechargeable battery application. Carbon nitrides (including CN, C2N, C3N, C3N4, C4N, and C5N) are a unique family of nitrogen-rich carbon materials with multiple beneficial properties in crystalline structures, morphologies, and electronic configurations. In this review, we provide a comprehensive review on these materials properties, theoretical advantages, the synthesis and modification strategies of different carbon nitride-based materials (CNBMs) and their application in existing and emerging rechargeable battery systems, such as lithium-ion batteries, sodium and potassium-ion batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, lithium oxygen batteries, lithium metal batteries, zinc-ion batteries, and solid-state batteries. The central theme of this review is to apply the theoretical and computational design to guide the experimental synthesis of CNBMs for energy storage, i.e., facilitate the application of first-principle studies and density functional theory for electrode material design, synthesis, and characterization of different CNBMs for the aforementioned rechargeable batteries. At last, we conclude with the challenges, and prospects of CNBMs, and propose future perspectives and strategies for further advancement of CNBMs for rechargeable batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The d10 coordination polymers (CPs), [Zn(L1)(OH)]n (1) and [Cd(L2)2]n (2) were obtained from isomeric ligands 3-(6-aminpyridinium-3-yl) benzoic acid (L1) and 4-(6-aminpyridinium-3-yl) benzoic acid (L2), and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. In compound 1, a spiral chain structure connected by µ2-OH- and the ZnII ions, which are further linked by the L1 ligands to give atwo-dimensional layered structure. Classical hydrogen-bonding interactions (O···H-N) between adjacent layers result in three-dimensional supramolecular structure. Compound 2 features a three-dimensional framework formed by linking [Cd2(COO)2] clusters in a bcu net. Thermal stabilities and fluorescent properties of 1 and 2 were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two coordination polymers, [Cd(Heidc)(bpp)] n ( 1) and [Zn3 (eidc)2(bpp)(H2O)2] ·2H2O} n ( 2) (H3eidc = 2-ethyl-4,5-imidazole dicarboxylic acid, bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane) were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, spectroscopy single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analyses. Compound 1 features a 2D layer formed by C-H ···π stacking interactions between adjacent chains, whereas compound 2 shows a 3D (83)2(85.10)-tfc framework constructed of the 2D (6,3) layer. The result demonstrates that the central metal atoms play a key role in governing the coordination motifs. Moreover, solid-state properties such as thermal stabilities and photoluminescence of 1 and 2 were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three ZnII and CdII complexes with Y-shaped dicarboxylate ligands, namely [Zn(L1)(2,2′-bpy)2(H2O)] ·2H2O ( 1), [Zn(L1)(bpp)(H2O)] ( 2), and [Cd(L1)(H2O)] ·H2O ( 3) [H2L1 = N-phenyliminodiacetic acid, 2,2′-bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane] were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analyses. Compound 1 shows an hydrogen-bonded 2D network, whereas compound 2 is an infinite 1D wavy chain structure, though O-H ···O hydrogen-bonded to form a 2D network. Compound 3 displays a 2D uninodal 3-connected Shubnikov plane net with the point symbol of (4.82). Moreover, the solid-state such as thermal stabilities and fluorescence properties of 1- 3 were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new coordination polymers, namely, [Zn(bdc)(mbix)] n ( 1) and {[Cd2(bdc)2(mbix)2] ·H2O} n ( 2) [H2bdc = 5-hydroxylisophthalic acid, mbix = 1,3-bis(imidazol-1-yl-methyl)benzene], were obtained under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, as well as powder- and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 exhibits a 2D puckered layer with (4,4) topology, which is further interconnected by hydrogen bonding interactions leading to a 3D supramolecular architecture. Compound 2 features a 5-connected 3D network with bnn (46.64) topology based on the dinuclear CdII subunits. In addition, solid-state properties such as thermal stabilities and photoluminescent properties of compounds 1 and 2 were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]