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In sum, this book is very multifaceted, it covers a lot of ground, it has Eigen's direct response to dozens of critical questions. Only in his late work has Eigen had much to say about a general theory germane to psychoanalysis ( I Image, Sense, Infinities and Everyday Life i ) or more aphoristically and fragmentedly ( I Under the Totem: In Search of a Path i ). Here is some classic Eigen, typical of the flavour of the whole book, from the essay "Psyche Singing", that is picked up in the book's title. Dialogues with Michael Eigen: Psyche Singing: edited by Loray Daws and Michael Eigen, London, Routledge, 2020, 279 pp., £96.00 (cloth), £27.99 (paper), £27.99 (ebook). [Extracted from the article]

"Before the Paris Fire: Projecting the Cinematograph in London from 1889-4th May 1997" is the fourth volume in the London County Council and the Cinematograph series, although it is chronologically earlier than the other three volumes. The book provides a comprehensive guide to cinematic venues in London during this time period, with images of venues, artifacts, and important figures. The author, Tony Fletcher, presents the information without critique or analysis, allowing readers to use it for their own research. The book is organized into two parts, with appendices that include a filmography and a bibliography. It covers not only the UK but also developments in France, Germany, and the United States. The second part focuses on specific venues and their cinematograph exhibitions, while also discussing the developments in cinematography at the time. The book offers a case study of entrepreneurship in a capitalist society. While a venue index might be helpful, the raw nature of the contents allows readers to explore various topics in depth. [Extracted from the article]

"The Routledge Companion to Global Indigenous History" is a comprehensive volume edited by Ann McGrath and Lynette Russell that explores the complexities and diversity of Indigenous history across the globe. The book is organized into six themes, including global perspectives, migrations and mobilities, colonial encounters, removals and diasporas, memory and identity, and future approaches to Indigenous histories. The chapters cover a wide range of topics and regions, highlighting the shared experiences and struggles of Indigenous peoples while also recognizing their unique histories and aspirations. The collection aims to address the omission of Indigenous history from mainstream global accounts and offers valuable insights for the field of history. [Extracted from the article]

Moreover, Willis was not the critic of Locke's views in the I Reasonableness of Christianity i as expressed in I The Occasional Paper: Number I i , and the "Post-Script" to I The Occasional Paper: Number V i . The stylometric evidence from the Delta analysis conflicts with the clear indications that the author of I The Occasional Paper: Number I i also wrote the "Post-Script" to I The Occasional Paper: Number V i . I The Occasional Paper i was a series of anonymous pamphlets covering a diverse range of topics, published in quarto by Matthew Wotton and running for ten numbers from 1697 to 1698.[1] The I Paper i was intended to provide a moderate Anglican perspective through a regular publication rather than one-off pamphlets.[2] It is remembered primarily for its criticisms of Locke, Toland, and its contribution to the Collier controversy.[3] It has always been attributed to Richard Willis ( I bap i . 1664, d. 1734), successively bishop of Gloucester (1715-21), Salisbury (1721-3) and Winchester (1723-34). We were unable to source any published texts for the ascribed author of I The Occasional Paper: Number X i , Mr Hodges, "fellow of Wadham College", and no ascription was provided for I The Occasional Paper: Number VII i ; hence, it was not possible to provide com- parison texts for these two I Occasional Papers i . [Extracted from the article]

This essay examines the relationship between Nuu-chah-nulth ancestral belongings assembled on the third voyage of James Cook and a set of eighteenth-century watercolor albums produced in London by Sarah Stone. The translation of Mowachaht/Muchalaht material heritage from Nootka Sound (Vancouver Island) into watercolor image-proxies allows us to follow their storied social lives: their cultural significance prior to leaving their homelands and shorelines; their position in the collection and display of "artificial curiosities" at Sir Ashton Lever museum in Leicester Square, London; their replication by Stone, an artist who tested the boundaries of watercolor as a gendered "polite" art; and their present-day meanings for Nuu-chah-nulth creators and the descendants of those who met Cook in 1778. By attending to the various elisions between object and image, this research explores the potential of historic ethnographic archives and collections to produce a multiplicity of readings across various communities of knowledge, cultures, and time periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cassam stresses the need for a detailed intellectual and emotional engagement with the ideology and narratives of extremists by giving them reasons, relative to their own extremist ideologies, to change their views (202). As Cassam notes (29), questions such as what extremism is, what is an extremist mindset, or what defines a common extremist style cannot be answered solely by armchair reflection. Extremism has been a constant presence and threat to the stability of the world in the last few decades. [Extracted from the article]

The book "Histories of Fascism and Anti-Fascism in Australia" edited by Evan Smith, Jayne Persian, and Vashti Jane Fox sheds light on the often overlooked topic of Australian right-wing radicalism. The book explores the historical context and various individuals, groups, and movements within the radical right in Australia. It also examines the relationship between the political mainstream and the radical right, as well as the opposition faced by anti-fascists. While the book has some imbalances and omissions, it offers important observations that can contribute to future research and debate on the subject. The book also addresses the tension between scholarship and activism, and the question of whether the Australian radical right is endogenous or influenced by international factors. Overall, the book provides valuable insights and should be read to stimulate further discussion and research. [Extracted from the article]

"A History of Crime in Australia: Australian Underworlds" by Nancy Cushing is an introductory text for students of crime history and criminology. The book explores the impact of English law on transported convicts and First Nations peoples in Australia, and how their own systems of law were disregarded by colonists. It is organized into twelve chapters, each focusing on a specific aspect of crime history in Australia. The book includes essays by historians in each chapter, providing examples of scholarly writing. While the book primarily focuses on the legal history of New South Wales and Victoria, it offers thought-provoking case studies and is accessible to both students and general readers interested in crime history. [Extracted from the article]

Focusing on the construction of London's West India Docks in 1802, I argue that this project established a feedback loop with conditions of production in the Caribbean. Through an analysis of committee minutes, letters, parliamentary papers and visual art, I move beyond economic accounts of slavery's impact to demonstrate how geographies of security and surveillance—first developed on the sugar plantation—were imported into the design and function of London's port. As such, I argue that London's docks produced a geography of segregation which offers a unique insight into the workings of racial capitalism and its exploitation of group‐differentiated vulnerabilities. Positioning my discussion alongside London's contemporary landscape, I excavate Britain's repressed memories of slavery to illustrate how they still scar the urban environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the difficulties in identifying and tracking paper stocks in London, England. Role of paper in the history of bibliographical scholarship; Difficulties in identifying sheet quality, paper quantity and watermarks; Analogy of author Carter Hailey relevant to identifying tracking paper; Impact of technological innovations on book study and book history.

Thus each chapter addresses a different aspect of cinema going memories. The intention of this project was to extend knowledge of cinema history with an emphasis on how films were received and the social experience of cinema going. The six chapters clearly set out different aspects of the 1960s cinema going experience- social experiences, sex and cinema going, the experience of watching American films and British films, European films, and postcolonial audiences. [Extracted from the article]

This paper looks at human development from an existential perspective. What is revealed is that human development is a lifelong process of the acquisition of the skills of living. Moreover that these are present in seven invariant themes that manifest in different ways throughout life. They are: age and ageing; narrative and autobiography; beginnings and endings; embodiment; randomness and chance; adversity; and love. These are considered in the light of psychotherapeutic practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Daws, [3]) Daws is clear that the work of receiving and containing a family's distress cannot be done in a routine way. Parent Infant Psychotherapy for Sleep Problems: Through the Night: by Dilys Daws with Sarah Sutton, London: Routledge, 2020, 2124 pp., RRP £19.99 paper back and eBook, ISBN 978-03-67187-82-8 With Sarah Sutton's expert knowledge, Dilys Daws has condensed and updated her classic "Through the Night", written in [2]. [Extracted from the article]

Dedicated scientific measurements of the strength and direction of the Earth's magnetic field began at Greenwich and Kew observatories in London, United Kingdom, in the middle of the nineteenth century. Using advanced techniques for the time, collimated light was focussed onto mirrors mounted on free‐swinging magnetized needles which reflected onto photographic paper, allowing continuous analog magnetograms to be recorded. By good fortune, both observatories were in full operation during the so‐called Carrington storm in early September 1859 and its precursor storm in late August 1859. Based on digital images of the magnetograms and information from the observatory yearbooks and scientific papers, it is possible to scale the measurements to International System of Units (SI units) and extract quasi‐minute cadence spot values. However, due to the magnitude of the storms, the periods of the greatest magnetic field variation were lost as the traces moved off‐page. We present the most complete digitized magnetic records to date of the 10‐day period from 25 August to 5 September 1859 encompassing the Carrington storm and its lesser recognized precursor on 28 August. We demonstrate the good correlation between observatories and estimate the instantaneous rate of change of the magnetic field. Plain Language Summary: The Carrington storm of September 1859 is one of the largest known geomagnetic storms in the historic record. Two observatories in London were operating at the time and by good fortune both recorded the extreme geomagnetic storm on paper records. These are held at the British Geological Survey and have been made available online as digital images. The next step is to digitally trace over the magnetograms to produce useful digital values. However, scaling the values of digital pixels to International System of Units (SI units) of degrees of angle and nanoTesla is not easy as the original scaling factors are not available. We use a mixture of written reports at the time and notes from the observatory yearbooks to track down plausible scaling factors and to explain the process of digitization of very old records. The data for 10 days covering 25 August to 5 September 1859 are now available for other researchers to use. Key Points: Continuous magnetogram traces are available in London, United Kingdom for August and September 1959Serendipitously, two observatories recorded the Carrington flare and the subsequent stormWe digitize the archive paper records to produce a correctly timed and scaled digital set of digital values for further analysis [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

McIntyre traces how the particular set of strategies and techniques he terms "obstructive direct action" emerged, diffused and were refined and developed in three national contexts - Australia, the USA, and Canada - from 1979 to 1990. Environmental Blockades: Obstructive Direct Action and the History of the Environmental Movement: By Iain McIntyre. McIntyre reveals that Australia has punched above its weight in the world of obstructive direct action, with Australian blockades proving both inspirational and instructive for later North American protesters. [Extracted from the article]

The given document is a correction notice for an article titled "The major role of London dispersion interaction in the assembly of cellulose, chitin, and chitosan" published in the journal Cellulose. The correction states that the original article failed to include funding information from the Natural Science Foundation of China and the State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering in the acknowledgments and funding sections. The corrected version of these sections is provided in the notice. The correction has been made, and the publisher, Springer Nature, remains neutral regarding jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. [Extracted from the article]

In this new book, Veracini explores settler colonialism as "a political idea" by focusing on "push factors". Lorenzo Veracini is a world-leading theorist of settler colonialism. The World Turned Inside Out: Settler Colonialism as a Political Idea: By Lorenzo Veracini. [Extracted from the article]

This paper examines the design and building of the New Slate Paper Office in Duke Street, London by the architect Sir John Soane (1753-1837). the only purpose built repository for national records in England before Sir James Pennethorne's Public Record Office Building opened in Chancery Lane in 1856. It draws on published accounts, material in the Office of Works, and Treasury papers in The National Archives. and on Sir John Soane's extensive business archive and office drawings preserved in his House-Museum, which he left to the nation on his death in 1837. Soane's design for the building is examined particularly in respect to his solutions for fire-proofing and security, and compared with contemporary practice and the solutions adopted in the Public Record Office building of twenty years later. The final section deals with the building in use from 1834, its amalgamation with the Public Record Office in 1854, and its demolition in 1862. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From approximately his election as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1725 to his death in 1772, as the London barrister Taylor White (1701–1772) moved up the legal ladder, he commissioned, gathered, and organized a tremendous collection of zoological paintings now held in the Blacker Wood Collection of McGill University Rare Books and Archives. As White did not publish any major work during his lifetime, he has been substantially ignored in the historiography of science. By investigating the considerable painting compilation available in the collection, this article aims to understand White's scientific practice as a naturalist, working primarily from non-textual primary sources. The taxonomical work comprises the global arrangement of the plates, and the referencing practice, as well as the limited correspondence available on the English barrister, and these help to position the anonymous Taylor White within the world of naturalists at that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

He suggests that the cost of enclosure was unusually high because the commissioners decided to produce a detailed map and record of the entire parish, not only of the newly enclosed land B . b This, he surmises, is because the ecclesiastical authorities were beginning to realize that they needed better control over their land. In England and Wales, farming systems changed radically from Tudor times to the nineteenth century through the enclosure of commons, wastes and land holdings that had previously been scattered through large open fields. After the enclosure award, they thus had access to an accurate map and register of property interests that had been produced at the cost of the common holders of the parish. [Extracted from the article]

Bridget Griffen-Foley's book, "Australian Radio Listeners and Television Viewers: Historical Perspectives," explores the experiences of Australian radio and television audiences throughout the twentieth century. Through six historical case studies, Griffen-Foley examines how radio and television stations engaged their audiences through promotions and initiatives, and how listeners and viewers responded. The book draws on primary sources such as fan letters and regulatory records to provide detailed insights into the lives of Australian media consumers. While the book raises many questions, it serves as a valuable resource for future researchers interested in exploring the relationship between Australian society, media consumption, and cultural identities. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of VAD: Veredes, Arquitectura y Divulgación is the property of Alberto Alonso Oro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The critical platform studies literature has built a compelling picture of how techniques like worker (mis)classification, algorithmic management and workforce atomisation lie at the heart of how 'work on-demand via apps' actively restructure labour. Much of this emerging scholarship identifies that platform workforces are predominantly comprised of migrant and racially minoritised workers. However, few studies theorise migration and race as structuring logics of the platform model and the precarity it engenders. This paper addresses this gap by exploring how the platform economy – specifically work on-demand via apps – both shapes and is shaped by historically contingent contexts of racialisation, and their constitutive processes such as embodiment and immigration policy/rhetoric. Beyond identifying the over-representation of racial minorities in the platform economy, it argues that processes of racialisation have been crucial at every stage of the platform economy's rise to dominance, and therefore constitutes a key organising principle of platform capitalism – hence the term 'racial platform capitalism'. In doing so, this paper draws on the racial capitalism literature, to situate key platform techniques such as worker (mis)classification and algorithmic management as forms of racial practice, deployed to (re-)organise surplus urban labour-power following the 2008 financial crisis. This framework will be explored through an ethnographic study of Uber's rise in London. Through this, the paper demonstrates a co-constitutive relationship, where the conditions of minoritised workers in a global city like London post-2008, and the political economy of platform companies can be said to have co-produced one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herbert Courthope Bowen was a progressive spirit in English teaching during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Ideas about the role of activity in the development of the child - ideas usually associated with progressive teaching in the 1960s and 1970s - may be found in Bowen's published papers. In connection with the time that Bowen was Head Master of a London secondary school, I explain what turned on the amount of Latin in the school curriculum, why Latin mattered so much at the time and why English teaching at Grocers' (Hackney Downs) where Bowen taught, was so controversial. Bowen published a series of remarkable papers on key themes. At the core of all these writings lies his passionate interest in the psychological development of the individual child. From Froebel Bowen gained a rich conception of the productivity of mind as well as a sense of children's individual worth and dignity. I argue the case that his writings deserve revisiting as pivotal contributions to a theory of English that has a strong psychological component. Bowen acted as a conduit for a rich legacy of largely German ideas about self-cultivation (Bildung). His emphasis on 'self-activity', 'creativity' and the 'constructive imagination' prefigures the working out of principles usually associated with progressive English Teaching in the post-war period, such as 'personal growth'. Indeed, many of the presuppositions, norms and assumptions of progressive educators were shaped by the ideas I discuss. By historicising them, and stripping them of their aura, I envisage opening up fresh possibilities for interrogation and critique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the life and research of professor and political activist Walter Rodney. Beginning with a brief biography of Rodney which discusses his birth in Guyana, his education, and his activism within political opposition movements, the paper ultimately examines a series of Rodney’s personal papers that have been archived in Atlanta, Georgia, Georgetown, Guyana, and London, England. The author recounts his own experience of traveling to each location to examine the papers. It is concluded that the papers give insight into why Rodney became an African historian and taught African history to the African and West Indian people.

This paper is a reflection upon the research findings of Rebecca Allen and Anne West in relation to religious schools in London. While welcoming this contribution to the systematic study of faith schools (a neglected area of empirical inquiry), the paper argues that the use of 'religious schools' as a unitary category is problematic for the analysis. It also suggests that certain historical and cultural contextual knowledge is required when analysing the characteristics of different categories of religious schools. This response is intended to be helpful for future researchers into the different types of faith school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

St George's University of London (SGUL) has a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) curriculum for its undergraduate medicine course, using traditional paper-based patient cases. To counter the limitation that paper cases are linear and do not allow students to explore the consequences of decisions, interactive online virtual patients (VPs) were developed which allowed students to consider options as the cases unfold, and allow students to explore the consequences of their actions. A PBL module was converted to VPs, and delivered to 72 students in 10 tutorial groups, with 5 groups each week receiving VPs with options and consequences, and 5 groups receiving online VPs but without options. A comprehensive evaluation was carried out, using questionnaires, and interviews.Both tutors and students believed that the ability to explore options and consequences created a more engaging experience and encouraged students to explore their learning. They regretted the loss of paper and neither group could see any value in putting cases online without the options. SGUL is now adapting its transitional year between the early campus years and the clinical attachment years. This will include the integration of all technology-based resources with face-to-face learning and create a more adaptive, personalised, competency-based style of learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare expert assessment with bibliometric indicators as tools to assess the quality and importance of scientific research papers. Methods and Materials: Shortly after their publication in 2005, the quality and importance of a cohort of nearly 700 Wellcome Trust (WT) associated research papers were assessed by expert reviewers; each paper was reviewed by two WT expert reviewers. After 3 years, we compared this initial assessment with other measures of paper impact. Results: Shortly after publication, 62 (9%) of the 687 research papers were determined to describe at least a 'major addition to knowledge' -6 were thought to be 'landmark' papers. At an aggregate level, after 3 years, there was a strong positive association between expert assessment and impact as measured by number of citations and F1000 rating. However, there were some important exceptions indicating that bibliometric measures may not be sufficient in isolation as measures of research quality and importance, and especially not for assessing single papers or small groups of research publications. Conclusion: When attempting to assess the quality and importance of research papers, we found that sole reliance on bibliometric indicators would have led us to miss papers containing important results as judged by expert review. In particular, some papers that were highly rated by experts were not highly cited during the first three years after publication. Tools that link expert peer reviews of research paper quality and importance to more quantitative indicators, such as citation analysis would be valuable additions to the field of research assessment and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a method in the teaching of epidemiology called paper critique at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in London, England. Objectives of the method; Inclusion of the concepts of rhetoric, myth and semiology in the development of paper critique as an educational method.

The paper referred to is ‘The Future of Data Analysis,’ published in 1962. Many authors have discussed it, notably Peter Huber, who in 1995 reviewed the period starting with Hotelling's 1940 article ‘The Teaching of Statistics.’ I extend the scope of Huber's remarks by considering also the period before 1940 and developments since 1995. I ask whether statistics is a science and suggest that to attract bright students to our subject, we need to show them the excitement and rewards of applied work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to highlight a broader definition of good building performance that goes beyond the traditional emphasis on technical aspects, only adopting the lens of the social construction of technology (SCOT) in the empirical space of the workplace sector. Several building performance evaluation (BPE) methods focus on technical aspects such as energy consumption, indoor environmental conditions and compliance with building regulations and standards. Technical aspects, albeit important goals, only embed a partial component of what buildings are expected to deliver. There is growing interest in considering the organisational and experiential expectations of building performance, particularly integrating various views of performance as expected by different user groups. Design/methodology/approach: The paper adopts an archival research method to analyse the archive of the workplace consultants DEGW, particularly focusing on their work on London's Broadgate development in the 1980s and the 1990s. Findings: The findings reveal how voices from a pluralistic client organisation can be addressed to articulate a broad definition of building performance that integrates different viewpoints encompassing technical, organisational and experiential expectations. In DEGW's work, the views on building performance of various stakeholders involved in the everyday use and management of buildings are identified without imposing predetermined agendas or research notions of performance. Particular emphasis is given to understanding clients as not a homogenous entity but consisting of different interest groups, which implies multiple conceptualisations of building performance and the building itself. Research limitations/implications: The performance expectations of a building vary between organisations and even within any organisation. Moreover, the needs of an organisation will change over time, and the BPE criteria need to be changed to ensure better alignment between organisations and the physical spaces they occupy. A critical reflection on the conceptualisation of "users" and "building" in BPE methods is required to create an integrated approach towards building performance. Originality/value: The paper offers insights by adopting the theoretical lens of SCOT to explore an integrated approach to building performance that captures the varied needs of building users through the example of London's Broadgate development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contributes to work on the social life of time. It focuses on how time is doubled; produced by, and productive of, the relations and processes it operates through. In particular, it explores the methodological implications of this conception of time for how social scientists may study the doubledness of time. It draws on an allied move within the social sciences to see methods as themselves doubled, as both emerging from and constitutive of the social worlds that they seek to understand. We detail our own very different methodological experiments with studying the social life of time in London, engaging interactive documentary to elucidate nonlinear imaginaries of space-time in London's pop-up culture (Ella Harris) and encountering time on a series of walks along a particular stretch of road in south east London (Beckie Coleman). While clearly different projects in terms of their content, ambition and scope, in bringing these projects together, we show the ability of our methods to grasp and perform from multiple angles and scales what Sharma (2014) calls 'temporal architectures'. Temporal architectures, composed of elements including the built environment, commodities, services, technologies and labour, are infrastructures that enable social rhythms and temporal logics and that can entail a politicized valuing of the time of certain groups over others. We aim to contribute to an expanded and enriched conceptualisation of methods for exploring time, considering what our studies might offer to work on the doubled social life of time and methods, and highlighting in particular their implications for an engagement with a politics of time and temporality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Children and young people's (CYP) mental health is worsening, and an increasing number are seeking psychiatric and mental health care. Whilst many CYPs with low-to-medium levels of psychiatric distress can be treated in outpatient services, CYPs in crisis often require inpatient hospital treatment. Although necessary in many cases, inpatient care can be distressing for CYPs and their families. Amongst other things, inpatient stays often isolate CYPs from their support networks and disrupt their education. In response to such limitations, and in order to effectively support CYPs with complex mental health needs, intensive community-based treatment models, which are known in this paper as intensive community care services (ICCS), have been developed. Although ICCS have been developed in a number of settings, there is, at present, little to no consensus of what ICCS entails. Methods: A group of child and adolescent mental health clinicians, researchers and academics convened in London in January 2023. They met to discuss and agree upon the minimum requirements of ICCS. The discussion was semi-structured and used the Dartmouth Assertive Community Treatment Fidelity Scale as a framework. Following the meeting, the agreed features of ICCS, as described in this paper, were written up. Results: ICCS was defined as a service which provides treatment primarily outside of hospital in community settings such as the school or home. Alongside this, ICCS should provide at least some out-of-hours support, and a minimum of 90% of CYPs should be supported at least twice per week. The maximum caseload should be approximately 5 clients per full time equivalent (FTE), and the minimum number of staff for an ICCS team should be 4 FTE. The group also confirmed the importance of supporting CYPs engagement with their communities and the need to remain flexible in treatment provision. Finally, the importance of robust evaluation utilising tools including the Children's Global Assessment Scale were agreed. Conclusions: This paper presents the agreed minimum requirements of intensive community-based psychiatric care. Using the parameters laid out herein, clinicians, academics, and related colleagues working in ICCS should seek to further develop the evidence base for this treatment model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Three-colour four-way traffic light completed 100 years in 2020. Even though the traffic light in the form of Semaphore arms has been in use in London since 1868, electric traffic lights came into existence in 1912 and the standard three-colour four-way light in 1920. Research is continuously being carried out to develop better algorithms to improve safety, reduce travel delays, and optimize road capacity. Hence a review of the evolution of traffic lights is warranted. This paper presents an all-round review using a six-prong approach. Timeline of the evolution of the literature in the last 100 years, the evolution of hardware, algorithms, traffic control schemes, standards and the pedestrian lights and count down timer are the six areas in which the review is carried out. A timeline of the different keywords related to the various algorithms in use is presented. This article delves into the thinking and meticulous approach of early researchers and practitioners of the field while dwelling on the past. They laid the rock-solid foundation of today's research. Also, future research areas like connected vehicles and automated vehicles are pointed out, and a summary of the findings is presented at the end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents research papers on clinical observations and follow-up patients at the Bethlem Royal Hospital in London, England. There are eight chapters that presents background, aims, method and clinical characteristics of patients. In the first chapter, Felix Post summarizes present knowledge of late paraphrenia, drawing on the clinical descriptions of earlier workers and emphasizing the relative rarity of descriptions of schizophrenia occurring after the age of 50 or 60 and the difficulty early nosologists had in making the differentiation from senile psychosis.

The article presents abstracts of research papers and posters which were presented at the Sixth Congress of the European Society of Endodontology, held in London, Great Britain from November 11 to 13, 1993. Some of the topics discussed are: Modification of a resin bone cement for use as a root canal sealer, comparison between malleability of warm and cold gutta-percha, an alternative method for micro-organism detection in endodontics, reasons for endodontic treatment among Swedish general pracitioners and the incidence of mandibular premolars with more than one root canal.

An essay is presented on the poem "Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat, Drowned in a Tub of Gold Fishes," by Thomas Gray, and a china tub owned by intellectual Horace Walpole. It comments on Walpole's home, Strawberry Hill, in Twickenham, London, England. The author examines Walpole's collecting and his Glass Closet, a section in his library. She also considers the book "Designs by Mr. R. Bentley, for Six Poems by Mr. T. Gray," by artist Richard Bentley.

From a historical perspective, it is difficult to identify a specific date that launched the field of endocrinology. One "biomarker" of the inception of endocrinology traces back to Ernest Henry Starling, who first introduced the word hormone in a talk given in 1905 at the Royal College of Physicians in London (Starling, 1905). A historical look at the field of endocrine regulation of animal growth since 1905 conveys that countless scientists worldwide worked to advance the scientific evidence base, which led to the commercial development of hormone-based products that enhanced growth and beneficially changed carcass composition of meat animals. This review will discuss some of seminal contributions that include the discovery of hormones (like ST and β-adrenergic agonists) that have been shown to play key roles in regulating growth and nutrient partitioning of livestock, the mechanisms by which these hormones act, and the development of products for application in animal agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]