Search

Obesity and fatty liver is a widespread growing health problem in human with detrimental consequences that encouraged researchers to find ways to overcome it. In this study, gemfibrozil and L-carnitine were evaluated in prevention of obesity and hepatic lipidosis also the role of L-carnitine in avoiding side effects of gemfibrozil was investigated. The study involved 56 New-Zealand Albino rabbits, divided into 2 main groups and then subdivided into 4 equal groups (n=7). The groups I (normal diet), II (normal diet+gemfibrozil), III (normal diet+L-carnitine) and IV (normal diet+gemfibrozil+L-carnitine) received normal diet and the groups V (fat rich diet), VI (fat rich diet+gemfibrozil), VII (fat rich diet+L-carnitine) and VIII (fat rich diet+gemfibrozil+L-carnitine) received fat rich diet for 8 weeks. Animals were blood sampled and wieght weekly during the experiment and at the end of the experiment for determination of biochemical (HDL, High-density lipoproteins; LDL, Low-density lipoprotein; VLDL, Very low-density lipoprotein; ALT, Alanine amino transferase; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, Gamma glutamyltransferase; GLDH, Glutamate lactate dehydrogenase; LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase) and oxidative stress (MDA, Malondialdehyde; GSH, Reduced gluthation; NO, Nitric oxide; SOD, Superoxide dismutase) parameters. All rabbits were euthanised for histopathological examination and for distrubition of Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) in tissues by immunohystochemistry. Liver enzymes increased in fat rich diet group throughout the study. Addition of gemfibrozil and L-carnitin in fat rich diet resulted in statistically significant decreasein lipid profile when compared to those only received fat rich diet. Beta oxidation of fat rich diet group was significantly higher than that of groups additionally received gemfibrozil and L-carnitine. Immunohistochemistry revealed an increase in PPAR PPAR-α and β but not PPAR-γ expression in fat rich diet group. On the contrary L-carnitin administration did have any effect on tissue PPAR expression. PPAR-α expression differed between groups received gemfibrozil and fat rich diet and those did not. Fat rich diet increased MDA level while decreased GSH and catalase. Addition of gemfibrozil and L-carnitine to fat rich diet significantly decreased MDA level and increased antioxidants. The most marked macroscopy finding was abdominal fat increase in fat rich diet group (group V). On the other hand gemfibrozil administration resulted in significant abdominal fat decrease. Furthermore decreased abdominal fat was marked in gemfibrozil and L-carnitine given animals (group VIII) when compared to other groups.In conclusion, gemfibrozil and L-carnitine administration alleviated abdominal and hepatic fattening and improved lipid profile. Gemfibrozil also caused a significant increase in PPAR-α expression in the liver. It may be of use in avoiding abdominal fat (obesity) due to high fat by use of gemfibrozil, a synthetic PPAR-a ligand, and L-carnitine.

Bu çalışma, ErciyesÜniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı'na iştahsızlık,yorgunluk, polidipsi, poliüri ve kilo kaybı şikayetleri ile getirilen 3 aylıkBritish Shorthair dişi kedi yavrusunda nadir görülen bir konjenital unilateral hidronefrozsaptanması nedeniyle yapılmıştır. Fiziksel muayenede, şiddetli dehidrasyona vesubmandibular lenf yumrularındaki büyümeye ek olarak mukozaların solgun olduğugörüldü. Kardiopulmoner oskültasyonda herhangi bir anormallik görülmedi. Vital değerler:solunum sayısı; 30 solunum/dk, nabız; 130 atım/dk ve rektal vücut sıcaklığı;38.3°C olarak kaydedildi. Abdominal palpasyonda, tek taraflı olarak sağböbrekte renomegaliye ek olarak böbreklerin pürüzsüz ve ağrısız olduğu görüldü.Abdominal radyografide belirgin tek taraflı renomegali saptandı ancak radyoopakbir ürolit görülmedi. Renal USG muayenesinde sağ böbrekte tek taraflırenomegali ve hidronefroz tespit edildi. Sağ böbreğin boyutlarında artış (uzunluk:4.34 cm, genişlik: 2.82 cm), pelvis ve kalikslerde genişleme ve korteks medullasınırında bozulma görüldü. Sol böbrek ise (uzunluk: 3.2 cm, genişlik: 1.6 cm)normal boyutlardaydı. Hematolojik muayenede; WBC (24.4 109/L) ve monosit(2.2 109/L) değerlerinde artış görülürken, lenfosit (0,7 109/L),RBC (2.04 1012/L), HGB (3.3 g/dl) ve HCT (%8.1) düzeylerinde azalmabelirlendi. Mukozalardaki solgunlukla uyumlu olarak hematolojik muayenedetespit edilen anemi sebebiyle kan frotisi hazırlandı. Poikilositozis,anizositozis ve polikromazi ile beraber çok sayıda howell-jolly cisimciği veplazma hücresi görüldü. Yapılan biyokimyasal laboratuvar muayenesinde; BUNdüzeyi 109.8 mg/dl ve kreatinin düzeyi 0,6 mg/dl olarak bulundu. İdrar sedimentmuayenesinde çok sayıda yıkımlanmış epitel hücresi dışında herhangi bir bulguyarastlanmadı. İdrar dipstick muayenesinde lökosit düzeyi >500 Leu/uL olarakbulundu. Klinik ve laboratuvar muayeneleri sonucunda hasta sahibinin talebiüzerine kediye ötenazi uygulandı. Makroskobik olarak; sağ ve sol böbrekler sırasıyla3.4 cm x 6.1 cm ve 2.4 cm x 3.2 cm çaplarında idi. Böbrek pelvisinin vekalikslerinin dilatasyonu ile birlikte iki böbrekte de progresif atrofi vekistik genişleme mevcuttu. Korteks düzgünlüğünü kaybetmiş ve inceydi. Pelvisrenalis şiddetli derece dilate idi. Üretra ile böbrek pelivisi arasındaherhangi bir tıkanma söz konusu değildi. Histopatolojik olarak böbrekkesitlerinde glomerüller atrofik, bazal membranları da kalınlaşmış ve şiddetlitubüler dejenerasyon mevcuttu. Her iki üreterde de sklerotik alanlarda kollajendemetleri ve transizyonel hücre hiperplazisi gözlendi. Hidronefroz, yetişkin kedilerde sekonderolarak şekillenmekteyken, yavru kedilerde nadir olarak raporlanmıştır ve bunedenle bu vakanın meslektaşlarımız için faydalı olacağı düşüncesi ileyayınlanmasına karar verilmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Hidronefroz,Renomegali, Yavru Kedi, Konjenital, This study was carried out due to thedetection of a rare congenital unilateral hydronephrosis in a 3-month-oldBritish Shorthair female kitten which was brought to Erciyes University,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine with complaintsof loss of appetite, fatigue, polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss. Physicalexamination revealed pale mucous membranes in addition to severe dehydrationand enlargement of the submandibular lymph nodes No abnormality was observed oncardiopulmonary auscultation. Vital values: respiratory rate; 30 breaths/min,heart rate; 130 bpm and rectal body temperature; It was recorded as 38.3°C. Onabdominal palpation, in addition to unilateral right kidney renomegaly, thekidneys were smooth and painless. Abdominal radiograph revealed markedunilateral renomegaly, but no radiopaque urolith was observed. Renal USGexamination revealed unilateral renomegaly and hydronephrosis in the rightkidney. There was an increase in the size of the right kidney (length: 4.34 cm,width: 2.82 cm), enlargement of the pelvis and calyces, and deterioration ofthe cortex-medulla border. The left kidney (length: 3.2 cm, width: 1.6 cm) wasof normal size. In the hematological examination; WBC (24.4 109/L)and monocytes (2.2 109/L) values ​​were increased, while lymphocyte(0.7 109/L), RBC (2.04 1012/L), HGB (3.3 g/dl) and HCT(8.1%) levels were decreased. A blood smear was prepared due to anemia detectedin the hematological examination, which was consistent with the pallor of themucous membranes. Numerous Howell-Jolly bodies and plasma cells were seen withpoikilocytosis, anisocytosis and polychromasia. In the biochemical laboratoryexamination; BUN level was 109.8 mg/dl and creatinine level was 0.6 mg/dl.Urine sediment examination did not reveal any finding other than a large numberof destroyed epithelial cells. In the urine dipstick examination, the leukocytelevel was found to be >500 Leu/uL. As a result of clinical and laboratoryexaminations, the cat was euthanized at the request of the owner.Macroscopically; right and left kidneys were 3.4 cm x 6.1 cm and 2.4 cm x 3.2cm in diameters, respectively. There was progressive atrophy and cysticenlargement in both kidneys with dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces.The cortex was uneven and thin. Pelvis renalis was severely dilated. There wasno obstruction between the urethra and the renal pelvis. Histopathologically,kidney sections showed atrophic glomeruli, thickened basement membranes, andsevere tubular degeneration. Collagen bundles and transitional cell hyperplasiawere observed in sclerotic areas in both ureters. While hydronephrosis issecondary in adult cats, it has been rarely reported in kittens, and it wastherefore decided to publish this case in the hope that it would be useful toour colleagues.Keywords: Hydronephrosis, Renomegaly, Kitten, Congenital

© 2022, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi. All rights reserved.This study was carried out to find out the etiology and predisposing factors of calves having diarrhea from Kayseri province and its neighboring cities between January 2016 and September 2019. A total of 270 neonatal diarrheic calves were included to this study. Comprehensive information was obtained by face-to-face interviews with the animal owners about administrative practices such as the vaccination status of the dams, farm type, colostrum intake status. The etiological agents were determined using the lateral flow immunochromatographic test kits. As a result of this investigation, out of 270 diarrheic cases; 21.9% (59) Cryptosporidium spp., 15.6% (42) E. coli K99+, 14.1% (38) bovine coronavirus (BCoV), 10.4% (28) bovine rotavirus (BRV), 9.3% (25) Cryptosporidium spp.+BRV, 8.5% (23) BRV+BCoV were found. Interms of shelter type; 85.2% (230) were traditional and 14.8% (40) were modern type. Regarding the colostrum intake situation; 7.4% (20) received no colostrum, 11.1% (30) received insufficient colostrum and 81.5% (220) received colostrum adequately and on time. Additionally, 36.7% (99) calf mothers were vaccinated and 63.3% (171) were unvaccinated. Compared to those born in autumn, calves born in winter; 6.5-fold, in the spring season; 3.6-fold and in summer; 5.2-fold more likely to develop diarrhea caused by E. coli K99+. These findings may generate valuable information not only for the clinicians and researchers but also animal health experts, policy makers, farmer etc.

Erdoğan, Hidayet Metin ( Aksaray, Yazar ), This study was designed to determine carnitine concentrations in newborn calves with suspected septicaemia, healthy calves, and colostrum samples as well as to detect alterations in blood carnitine concentrations after colostrum intake. Carnitine concentrations were detected in both neonatal calves with suspected septicaemia (n = 195) and healthy calves (n =10) as well as in colostrum/milk samples from their dams (n = 20). The mean carnitine concentration on the 2nd day after colostrum intake (32.61 μmol/L) was significantly higher than that measured before colostrum intake (17.61 μmol/L) (P < 0.05). The striking result was significantly lower mean carnitine concentration detected in calves with suspected septicaemia (17.11 μmol/L), compared to healthy calves (24.92 μmol/L) (P < 0.001). Apart from a sudden increase on day 7, no significant alteration was observed in colostrum/milk carnitine concentrations throughout the postpartum period. The results indicated that colostrum contained carnitine, which passed into the bloodstream of the calf by passive colostral transfer, and that a dramatic reduction in blood carnitine concentrations of calves with suspected septicaemia existed. The results might be of help in dealing with septicaemia suspected neonatal calves through both measurement of blood carnitine and, in response, to supplement such cases with carnitine.

The aim of this paper is to proposed an application multi criteria decision making in intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Multicriteria decision making is a well known concept that aims to select the best solution among several alternatives in decision making. In this paper; success ranking of schools has been researched in multi criteria decision making. Also the most successful school has been determined among these ranked schools. For this paper have been benefitted from similarity measure for intuitionistic fuzzy sets in multi criteria decision making problem. Each option have been compared with both the positive-ideal solution and the negative-ideal solution. This application could be used in situations that are not dependent on a single criterion.

In this paper, we have proposed an application of intuitionisticfuzzy set in high school determination using normalized hamming distancemethod. The purpose of this paper is to ensure that the high schools selectthe best students according to the quotas.Intuitionistic fuzzy set is lucrativemodel in order to detail uncertainty involved in decision making. In this pa-per; enroll of students to the high schools has been intuitionally determinedaccording to students' pilot test score. Normalized hamming distance methodhas been utilized in order to measure the distance between the student andeach high school. The schools, in which each of the students have enrolled,have determined via normalized hamming distance method depending on ex-amination that is performed for transition to high school education. Solutionhas been stated by measuring the smallest distance between the student andeach school.

The aim of this paper is to proposed an application multi criteria decision making in intuitionisticfuzzy sets. Multicriteria decision making is a well known concept that aims to select the best solution amongseveral alternatives by evaluating multiple conflicting criteria, explicitly in decision making. In this paper; successranking of schools has been researched in multi criteria decision making. Also the most successful school has beendetermined among these ranked schools. Success ranking of among the randomly selected schools in a city havebeen researched. This method could be applicable to all schools. For this paper have been benefitted from similaritymeasure for intuitionistic fuzzy sets in multi criteria decision making problem. Each option have been comparedwith both the positive-ideal solution and the negative-ideal solution.

In thisstudy, properties of the two modal operator defined on intuitionistic fuzzy sets wereinvestigated. Afterwards, some intuitionistic fuzzy operations were researched with modal operators. New equalities were obtained and proved., Buçalışmada, sezgisel bulanık kümeler üzerinde tanımlanmış iki modal operatörün özellikleri incelenmiştir. Ardından, bazı sezgiselbulanık işlemler modaloperatörlerle birlikte araştırılmıştır. Yeni eşitlikler eldeedilmiş ve ispatları yapılmıştır.

The aim of this study was to determine changes in total sialic acid (TSA), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) levels on sera and CSF and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels on blood in cattle with Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF). For this purpose 17 cattle which clinically diagnosed "head-eye form" of MCF and clinically healthy 10 cattle were evaluated. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were taken from the animals on the MCF diagnosed group MDA, GSH, NO, eNOS, iNOS, and TSA values were 25.65 +/- 0.42 mu mol/L, 37.21 +/- 1.12 mg/dL, 30.61 +/- 0.41 mu mol L, 4.05 +/- 0.09 U/L and 10.98 +/- 0.35 U/L, 88.33 +/- 1.03 mg/dL, on the control group 13.77 +/- 0.55 mu mol/ L, 60.06 +/- 1.73 mg/dL, 11.27 +/- 0.4 mu mol/ L, 3.12 +/- 0.18 U/L, 5.55 +/- 0.3 U/L and 63.60 +/- 1.86 mg/dL respectively, and all parameter changes between the groups were determined to be statistically significant (P< 0.001). On the CSF, no statistically significant difference between taken from MCF diagnosed group and healthy group. NO value and iNOS activity obtained from control groups CSF were relatively higher than the same group's serum whereas eNOS activities were found to be low. The study group consisting of MCF diagnosed cattle's serum were found to have NO value, eNOS and iNOS activities relatively higher than the same group's CSF values. As a result, it was concluded that there is a need for more comprehensive studies for better understanding the reason of failure to obtain the significant changes of animals diagnosed MCF that determine in blood but not in CSF.

Atakisi, Onur/0000-0003-1183-6076 WOS: 000268521600009 The methylprednisolone asetate (MPA) is an important and long acting member of synthetic glucocorticoids (GC). Although the suppressive effect of GC especially dexamethasone on nitric oxide (NO) synthesis is well known, the effect of MPA on NO production is not fully documented. This study evaluated changes in plasma NO levels before and on day 1, 4 and 7 after injection of two different therapeutic dose of methylprednisolone asetate (MPA; Depo-medrol) in healthy rabbits. The MPA was injected intramuscularly at 2.5 (Group I, n=6) and 5.0 (Group II, n=7) mg/kg doses. Blood samples were collected from auricular vein before and on day 1, 4 and 7 after injections and the NO levels were determined. MPA treatment decreased NO values on day 4 (P