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旨在低成本制备零反式、低饱和人造奶油基料油，以高油酸葵花籽油和棕榈硬脂为原料油，采用国内外9种脂肪酶为催化剂催化酯交换制备人造奶油基料油，以固体脂肪含量（SFC）和滑动熔点为考察指标，筛选出一种经济且高效的脂肪酶，采用单因素实验和响应面法优化其酶促酯交换的反应条件，并对比酶促酯交换反应前后油脂的脂肪酸组成、甘三酯（TAG）组成以及热力学性质。结果表明：国产毕赤酵母菌脂肪酶价格低廉且催化活性高；酶促酯交换最优工艺条件为酶添加量17%、反应时间 28 min、反应温度48 ℃；在最优条件下进行10倍放大实验，其5、25 ℃时的SFC分别为22.35%、11.67%；与酯交换前相比，酯交换产物的脂肪酸组成无显著变化，TAG由U3和S3型向S2U和SU2型转化，酯交换率为76.40%，中间熔点的TAG含量增加，高熔点和低熔点TAG含量降低，熔化所需热量减少，利口爽滑感更强。因此，国产毕赤酵母菌脂肪酶价格低廉，适宜作为酶促酯交换制备零反式、低饱和人造奶油基料油的催化剂。Aiming to prepare zero trans and low saturated margarine base oil at low cost, using high oleic acid sunflower seed oil and palm stearin as raw materials, 9 lipases from domestic and foreign as catalysts, margarine base oil was prepared by transesterification, and an economical and efficient lipase based on solid fat content (SFC) and sliding melting point as inspection indicators was selected. Then single factor experiment and response surface methodology were used to optimize the reaction conditions of enzymatic transesterification with the selected lipase as catalyst, and the fatty acid composition, triglyceride(TAG) composition, and thermodynamic properties of the base oil before and after enzymatic transesterification were compared. The results showed that the domestic Pichia pastoris lipase was inexpensive and had high catalytic activity. The optimal conditions for enzymatic transesterification were enzyme addition amount 17%, reaction time 28 min and reaction temperature 48 ℃. The base oil was prepared by 10× magnification experiment under the optimal conditions, and its SFC at 5 ℃ and 25 ℃ were 22.35% and 11.67%, respectively. Compared with the oil before transesterification, the fatty acid composition of transesterification products had no significant change, TAG transformed from U3 and S3 to S2U and SU2, the transesterification rate was 76.40%, the content of TAG at middle melting point increased, the content of TAG at high melting point and low melting point decreased, the heat for melting decreased, and the taste was smoother. Therefore, domestic Pichia pastoris lipase is inexpensive and suitable as a catalyst for the preparation of margarine base oil by enzymatic transesterification.

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the physical and chemical properties of porous hollow nanosphere materials, the preparation methods of hard template method, spray method, self-assembly method and microemulsion method were reviewed・ The results show that the hard template method could effectively control the pore size, and the selection of a suitable template removal method could effectively avoid the collapse and damage of the material; The spray method could achieve continuous operation and large-scale production, and the selection of suitable matrix materials and slurry formulations was beneficial to improve the wear resistance and reaction performance of nanospheres; The self-assembly method could assemble the building elements according to the requirements, and the selection of the appropriate precursor concentration and polymer molecular weight was beneficial to control 让s size and morphology; The microemulsion method can use different surfactants to synthesize nanospheres with different properties, choosing proper watei/surfactant molar ratio, reaction temperature and time was beneficial to improve its reaction performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Plastics / Zhongguo Suliao is the property of Journal Office of CHINA PLASTICS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

旨在为迷迭香脂溶性提取物在食用油保鲜方面的应用提供参考，以玉米油提取的迷迭香脂溶性提取物（可作为抗氧化剂）为原料，对其进行脱色处理，以脱色率为指标，通过单因素试验和响应面试验优化脱色工艺条件，并采用高效液相色谱法测定脱色前后迷迭香脂溶性提取物中脂溶性抗氧化成分（鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚）的含量。结果表明：与活性白土及活性白土与活性炭复配（质量比1∶ 1、1∶ 2、2∶ 1）脱色剂相比，活性炭对迷迭香脂溶性提取物的脱色效果最好，最佳脱色工艺为活性炭添加量2.1%、脱色温度50 ℃、脱色时间59 min，在此条件下脱色率为(75.02±0.37)%；脱色前后迷迭香脂溶性提取物中脂溶性抗氧化成分含量分别为4.065 5%和3.883 6%。综上，优化条件下迷迭香脂溶性提取物的脱色效果较好，且脱色对其脂溶性抗氧化成分含量影响较小。In order to provide a reference for the application of rosemary fat-soluble extract in the preservation of edible oil, the rosemary fat-soluble extract (which can be used as an antioxidant) extracted by corn oil was decolorized. With the decolorization rate as the index, the decolorization process conditions were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology, and the content of fat-soluble antioxidant components (carnosic acid and carnosic phenol) in rosemary fat-soluble extract before and after decolorization was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that activated carbon had the best decolorization effect on rosemary fat-soluble extract compared with activated clay and compound decolorant of activated clay and activated carbon (mass ratio 1∶ 1,1∶ 2,2∶ 1). The optimal decolorization process conditions were as follows: activated carbon dosage2.1%, decolorization temperature 50 ℃, decolorization time 59 min. Under the optimal conditions, the decolorization rate was (75.02±0.37)%. The antioxidant content before and after decolorization in rosemary fat-soluble extract was 4.065 5% and 3.883 6%, respectively. In summary, the decolorization effect of rosemary fat-soluble extract under optimized conditions was better, and the decolorization had little effect on the content of fat-soluble antioxidant components.

为了对文冠果油相关产品的开发提供数据支撑，将健康雄性小鼠分为4个组，即对照组（玉米油）、文冠果油低剂量组〔2.1 g/（kg·d）〕、文冠果油中剂量组〔4.2 g/（kg·d）〕和文冠果油高剂量组〔12.5 g/(kg·d)〕，分别经口给予小鼠灌胃1个月后，测定小鼠体质量，并进行跳台试验、避暗试验、水迷宫试验以评价文冠果油对雄性小鼠记忆能力的影响,试验结束后测定小鼠海马和大脑皮质组织匀浆中多巴胺（DA）、5-羟色胺（5-HT）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、乙酰胆碱（ACh）含量及乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性,探讨文冠果油对小鼠记忆能力的影响机制。结果表明：经过1个月的灌胃试验，各组小鼠体质量及其增长率均无显著差异；文冠果油组小鼠跳台试验、避暗试验、水迷宫试验均为阳性；文冠果油高剂量组小鼠海马和大脑皮质组织匀桨中5-HT、ACh、NE、DA含量明显升高，AChE活性明显降低。综上，文冠果油具有改善小鼠记忆的功能，且是通过改善单胺类神经递质和胆碱能神经递质的代谢发挥作用的。In order to provide data support for the development of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge. oil related products, healthy male mice were divided into 4 groups, namely control group (corn oil), low-dose group 〔2.1 g/(kg·d)〕, medium-dose group 〔4.2 g/(kg·d)〕 and high-dose group 〔12.5 g/(kg·d)〕 of the Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge. oil. After one month of intragastric administration, the body weight of mice was measured, and the step-down test, dark avoidance test and water maze test were carried out to evaluate the effects of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge. oil on memory ability of male mice. In addition, the contents of dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), acetylcholine (ACh) and the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the homogenates of hippocampus and cerebral cortex of mice were measured to explore the mechanism of the effect of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge. oil on memory ability of mice. The results showed that there was no significant difference in body weight and growth rate among all groups after one month of intragastric administration test. The step-down test, dark avoidance test and water maze test were all positive. In high-dose group, the contents of 5-HT, ACh, NE and DA in homogenates of hippocampus and cerebral cortex of mice were significantly increased and the activity of AChE was significantly decreased. In summary, Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge. oil has the function of improving memory of mice, and it plays the role by improving the metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters and cholinergic neurotransmitters.

旨在对复方翅果油（翅果油+葡萄籽油）的毒理学安全性进行初步评估。采用最大耐受剂量（MTD）法观察复方翅果油的急性毒性，选择Ames试验、骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验观察复方翅果油的遗传毒性，通过亚急性毒性试验观察复方翅果油的亚急性毒性。结果表明：复方翅果油对雄、雌小鼠的MTD均大于20.0 g/kg；遗传毒性试验结果为阴性;各剂量组未观察到有明显的亚急性毒性。上述结果说明复方翅果油属无毒级，无明显遗传毒性和亚急性毒性。To study the safety of compound Elaeagnus mollis seed oil(blend oil of Elaeagnus mollis seed oil and grape seed oil), maximum tolerated dose(MTD) was used to observe acute toxicity of compound Elaeagnus mollis seed oil, and Ames test,bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte micronucleus test and mice sperm abnormality test were used to study the inherent toxicity,and the sub-acute toxicity test was used to study the sub-acute toxicity of compound Elaeagnus mollis seed oil.The results showed that the oral MTD of compound Elaeagnus mollis seed oil in male and female mice was above 20.0 g/kg. The result of inherent toxicity test was negative. There was no evident sub-acute toxicity in each dose group.So compound Elaeagnus mollis seed oil belonged to non-toxic grade and had no significant inherent toxicity or sub-acute toxicity.