19 results on '"A. Emre Sayan"'
Search Results
2. Mesenchymal–epithelial transition and AXL inhibitor TP-0903 sensitise triple-negative breast cancer cells to the antimalarial compound, artesunate
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Mirko Terragno, Anastassiya Vetrova, Oleg Semenov, A. Emre Sayan, Marina Kriajevska, and Eugene Tulchinsky
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a difficult-to-treat, aggressive cancer type. TNBC is often associated with the cellular program of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that confers drug resistance and metastasis. EMT and reverse mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) programs are regulated by several signaling pathways which converge on a group of transcription factors, EMT- TFs. Therapy approaches could rely on the EMT reversal to sensitise mesenchymal tumours to compounds effective against epithelial cancers. Here, we show that the antimalarial ROS-generating compound artesunate (ART) exhibits higher cytotoxicity in epithelial than mesenchymal breast cancer cell lines. Ectopic expression of EMT-TF ZEB1 in epithelial or ZEB1 depletion in mesenchymal cells, respectively, reduced or increased ART-generated ROS levels, DNA damage and apoptotic cell death. In epithelial cells, ZEB1 enhanced expression of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and glutathione peroxidase 8 (GPX8) implicated in ROS scavenging. Although SOD2 or GPX8 levels were unaffected in mesenchymal cells in response to ZEB1 depletion, stable ZEB1 knockdown enhanced total ROS. Receptor tyrosine kinase AXL maintains a mesenchymal phenotype and is overexpressed in TNBC. The clinically-relevant AXL inhibitor TP-0903 induced MET and synergised with ART to generate ROS, DNA damage and apoptosis in TNBC cells. TP-0903 reduced the expression of GPX8 and SOD2. Thus, TP-0903 and ZEB1 knockdown sensitised TNBC cells to ART, likely via different pathways. Synergistic interactions between TP-0903 and ART indicate that combination approaches involving these compounds can have therapeutic prospects for TNBC treatment.
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- 2024
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3. ERCC1 abundance is an indicator of DNA repair-apoptosis decision upon DNA damage
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Sule Erdemir Sayan, Rahul Sreekumar, Rahul Bhome, Alex Mirnezami, Tamer Yagci, and A. Emre Sayan
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract DNA repair is essential for successful propagation of genetic material and fidelity of transcription. Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is one of the earliest DNA repair mechanisms, functionally conserved from bacteria to human. The fact that number of NER genes vary significantly between prokaryotes and metazoans gives the insight that NER proteins have evolved to acquire additional functions to combat challenges associated with a diploid genome, including being involved in the decision between DNA repair and apoptosis. However, no direct association between apoptosis and NER proteins has been shown to date. In this study, we induced apoptosis with a variety of agents, including oxaliplatin, doxorubicin and TRAIL, and observed changes in the abundance and molecular weight of NER complex proteins. Our results showed that XPA, XPC and ERCC1 protein levels change during DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Among these, ERCC1 decrease was observed as a pre-mitochondria depolarisation event which marks the “point of no return” in apoptosis signalling. ERCC1 decrease was due to proteasomal degradation upon lethal doses of oxaliplatin exposure. When ERCC1 protein was stabilised using proteasome inhibitors, the pro-apoptotic activity of oxaliplatin was attenuated. These results explain why clinical trials using proteasome inhibitors and platinum derivatives showed limited efficacy in carcinoma treatment and also the importance of how deep understanding of DNA repair mechanisms can improve cancer therapy.
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- 2024
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4. The ZEB2‐dependent EMT transcriptional programme drives therapy resistance by activating nucleotide excision repair genes ERCC1 and ERCC4 in colorectal cancer
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Rahul Sreekumar, Hajir Al‐Saihati, Muhammad Emaduddin, Karwan Moutasim, Massimiliano Mellone, Ashish Patel, Seval Kilic, Metin Cetin, Sule Erdemir, Marta Salgado Navio, Maria Antonette Lopez, Nathan Curtis, Tamer Yagci, John N. Primrose, Brendan D. Price, Geert Berx, Gareth J. Thomas, Eugene Tulchinsky, Alex Mirnezami, and A. Emre Sayan
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DNA repair ,EMT ,ERCC1 ,oxaliplatin ,ZEB2 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Resistance to adjuvant chemotherapy is a major clinical problem in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐inducing protein, ZEB2, in chemoresistance of CRC, and to uncover the underlying mechanism. We performed IHC for ZEB2 and association analyses with clinical outcomes on primary CRC and matched CRC liver metastases in compliance with observational biomarker study guidelines. ZEB2 expression in primary tumours was an independent prognostic marker of reduced overall survival and disease‐free survival in patients who received adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy. ZEB2 expression was retained in 96% of liver metastases. The ZEB2‐dependent EMT transcriptional programme activated nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway largely via upregulation of the ERCC1 gene and other components in NER pathway, leading to enhanced viability of CRC cells upon oxaliplatin treatment. ERCC1‐overexpressing CRC cells did not respond to oxaliplatin in vivo, as assessed using a murine orthotopic model in a randomised and blinded preclinical study. Our findings show that ZEB2 is a biomarker of tumour response to chemotherapy and risk of recurrence in CRC patients. We propose that the ZEB2‐ERCC1 axis is a key determinant of chemoresistance in CRC.
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- 2021
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5. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition influences fibroblast phenotype in colorectal cancer by altering miR‐200 levels in extracellular vesicles
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Rahul Bhome, Muhammad Emaduddin, Victoria James, Louise M. House, Stephen M. Thirdborough, Massimiliano Mellone, Joeri Tulkens, John N. Primrose, Gareth J. Thomas, Olivier De Wever, Alex H. Mirnezami, and A. Emre Sayan
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cancer‐associated fibroblast ,colorectal cancer ,epithelial to mesenchymal transition ,extracellular vesicle ,MiR‐200 ,stroma ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) with a mesenchymal gene expression signature has the greatest propensity for distant metastasis and is characterised by the accumulation of cancer‐associated fibroblasts in the stroma. We investigated whether the epithelial to mesenchymal transition status of CRC cells influences fibroblast phenotype, with a focus on the transfer of extracellular vesicles (EVs), as a controlled means of cell–cell communication. Epithelial CRC EVs suppressed TGF‐β‐driven myofibroblast differentiation, whereas mesenchymal CRC EVs did not. This was driven by miR‐200 (miR‐200a/b/c, ‐141), which was enriched in epithelial CRC EVs and transferred to recipient fibroblasts. Ectopic miR‐200 expression or ZEB1 knockdown, in fibroblasts, similarly suppressed myofibroblast differentiation. Supporting these findings, there was a strong negative correlation between miR‐200 and myofibroblastic markers in a cohort of CRC patients in the TCGA dataset. This was replicated in mice, by co‐injecting epithelial or mesenchymal CRC cells with fibroblasts and analysing stromal markers of myofibroblastic phenotype. Fibroblasts from epithelial tumours contained more miR‐200 and expressed less ACTA2 and FN1 than those from mesenchymal tumours. As such, these data provide a new mechanism for the development of fibroblast heterogeneity in CRC, through EV‐mediated transfer of miRNAs, and provide an explanation as to why CRC tumours with greater metastatic potential are CAF rich.
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- 2022
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6. Plexin C1 Marks Liver Cancer Cells with Epithelial Phenotype and Is Overexpressed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Gorkem Odabas, Metin Cetin, Serdar Turhal, Huseyin Baloglu, A. Emre Sayan, and Tamer Yagci
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Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background and Aims. Hepatocellular carcinoma is an aggressive malignancy of the liver and is ranked as the sixth most common cancer worldwide. There is still room for novel markers to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of HCC. Our observations in cancer databases that PLXNC1 is upregulated in HCC led us to investigate the expression profile of Plexin C1 mRNA and protein in HCC cell lines and tissues. Methods. A recombinant protein encompassing part of the extracellular domain of Plexin C1 was used as an antigen for monoclonal antibody development. Transcript and protein levels of Plexin C1 in HCC cell lines were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. In vivo evaluation of Plexin C1 expression in HCC tissues was accomplished by immunohistochemistry studies in tissue microarrays. Results. A monoclonal antibody, clone PE4, specific to Plexin C1, was generated. In silico and in vitro analyses revealed a Plexin C1-based clustering of well-differentiated HCC cell lines. Staining of HCC and nontumoral liver tissues with PE4 showed a membrane-localized overexpression of Plexin C1 in tumors (p=0.0118). In addition, this expression was correlated with the histological grades of HCC cases. Conclusions. Plexin C1 distinguishes HCC cells of epithelial characteristics from those with the mesenchymal phenotype. Compared to the nontumoral liver, HCC tissues significantly overexpress Plexin C1. The newly generated PE4 antibody can be evaluated in larger HCC cohorts and might be exploited for the examination of Plexin C1 expression pattern in other epithelial malignancies.
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- 2018
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7. ZEB1 and IL-6/11-STAT3 signalling cooperate to define invasive potential of pancreatic cancer cells via differential regulation of the expression of S100 proteins
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Al-Ismaeel, Qais, Neal, Christopher P., Al-Mahmoodi, Hanaa, Almutairi, Zamzam, Al-Shamarti, Ibtihal, Straatman, Kees, Jaunbocus, Nabil, Irvine, Andrew, Issa, Eyad, Moreman, Catherine, Dennison, Ashley R., Emre Sayan, A., McDearmid, Jonathan, Greaves, Peter, Tulchinsky, Eugene, and Kriajevska, Marina
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- 2019
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8. ATM regulates differentiation of myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblasts and can be targeted to overcome immunotherapy resistance
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Massimiliano Mellone, Klaudia Piotrowska, Giulia Venturi, Lija James, Aleksandra Bzura, Maria A. Lopez, Sonya James, Chuan Wang, Matthew J. Ellis, Christopher J. Hanley, Josephine F. Buckingham, Kerry L. Cox, Gareth Hughes, Viia Valge-Archer, Emma V. King, Stephen A. Beers, Vincent Jaquet, George D.D. Jones, Natalia Savelyeva, Emre Sayan, Jason L. Parsons, Stephen Durant, and Gareth J. Thomas
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
Myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblast (myoCAF)–rich tumors generally contain few T cells and respond poorly to immune-checkpoint blockade. Although myoCAFs are associated with poor outcome in most solid tumors, the molecular mechanisms regulating myoCAF accumulation remain unclear, limiting the potential for therapeutic intervention. Here, we identify ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) as a central regulator of the myoCAF phenotype. Differentiating myofibroblasts in vitro and myoCAFs cultured ex vivo display activated ATM signaling, and targeting ATM genetically or pharmacologically could suppress and reverse differentiation. ATM activation was regulated by the reactive oxygen species–producing enzyme NOX4, both through DNA damage and increased oxidative stress. Targeting fibroblast ATM in vivo suppressed myoCAF-rich tumor growth, promoted intratumoral CD8 T-cell infiltration, and potentiated the response to anti–PD-1 blockade and antitumor vaccination. This work identifies a novel pathway regulating myoCAF differentiation and provides a rationale for using ATM inhibitors to overcome CAF-mediated immunotherapy resistance. Significance: ATM signaling supports the differentiation of myoCAFs to suppress T-cell infiltration and antitumor immunity, supporting the potential clinical use of ATM inhibitors in combination with checkpoint inhibition in myoCAF-rich, immune-cold tumors.
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- 2022
9. The ZEB2-dependent EMT transcriptional programme drives therapy resistance by activating nucleotide excision repair genes ERCC1 and ERCC4 in colorectal cancer
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Eugene Tulchinsky, Tamer Yagci, Seval Kilic, Maria Antonette Lopez, Rahul Sreekumar, Brendan D. Price, Metin Çetin, Muhammad Emaduddin, Ashish Patel, Sule Erdemir, Karwan A. Moutasim, Hajir Al-Saihati, Marta Salgado Navio, A. Emre Sayan, John N. Primrose, Geert Berx, Nathan Curtis, Gareth J. Thomas, Massimiliano Mellone, and Alex H. Mirnezami
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0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,DNA Repair ,Organoplatinum Compounds ,Transcription, Genetic ,Colorectal cancer ,TO-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION ,Leucovorin ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,FOLFOX ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,ZEB1 ,RC254-282 ,Research Articles ,ZEB2 ,CHEMORESISTANCE ,MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS ,Liver Neoplasms ,EMT ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,General Medicine ,CHEMOTHERAPY ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,DNA-REPAIR ,Molecular Medicine ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Fluorouracil ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,medicine.drug ,Research Article ,EXPRESSION ,Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ,PROTEINS ,DNA repair ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Epithelial–mesenchymal transition ,neoplasms ,Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2 ,business.industry ,oxaliplatin ,Biology and Life Sciences ,BLADDER ,medicine.disease ,Endonucleases ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,digestive system diseases ,Oxaliplatin ,030104 developmental biology ,Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ,CELLS ,Cancer research ,ERCC1 ,business ,ERCC4 ,Nucleotide excision repair - Abstract
Resistance to adjuvant chemotherapy is a major clinical problem in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐inducing protein, ZEB2, in chemoresistance of CRC, and to uncover the underlying mechanism. We performed IHC for ZEB2 and association analyses with clinical outcomes on primary CRC and matched CRC liver metastases in compliance with observational biomarker study guidelines. ZEB2 expression in primary tumours was an independent prognostic marker of reduced overall survival and disease‐free survival in patients who received adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy. ZEB2 expression was retained in 96% of liver metastases. The ZEB2‐dependent EMT transcriptional programme activated nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway largely via upregulation of the ERCC1 gene and other components in NER pathway, leading to enhanced viability of CRC cells upon oxaliplatin treatment. ERCC1‐overexpressing CRC cells did not respond to oxaliplatin in vivo, as assessed using a murine orthotopic model in a randomised and blinded preclinical study. Our findings show that ZEB2 is a biomarker of tumour response to chemotherapy and risk of recurrence in CRC patients. We propose that the ZEB2‐ERCC1 axis is a key determinant of chemoresistance in CRC., Here, we show that the expression of ZEB2 marks reduced overall and disease‐free survival in primary and secondary colorectal cancers (CRCs). ZEB2 overexpression promoted chemoresistance to oxaliplatin in vitro and in vivo by transcriptionally activating nucleotide excision repair genes ERCC1 and ERCC4. Overall ZEB2 is a promising biomarker predicting both therapy response and metastatic ability of CRCs.
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- 2021
10. ROR1 Expression and Its Functional Significance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
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Patrick J. Duriez, Metin Çetin, Abdulkadir Emre Sayan, Tamer Yagci, Gorkem Odabas, Pelin Balcik-Ercin, Leon Douglas, and Irem Yalim-Camci
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ,medicine.drug_class ,Cell ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Apoptosis ,Monoclonal antibody ,Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptors ,Receptor tyrosine kinase ,Article ,Mice ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Anoikis ,HCC ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,neoplasms ,ROR1 ,Cell Proliferation ,drug resistance ,biology ,Liver Neoplasms ,G1 Phase ,EMT ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,General Medicine ,Cell cycle ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Up-Regulation ,drug efflux ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Phenotype ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ,monoclonal antibody ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Antibody ,hallmarks of cancer - Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and deadly cancer, however, very little improvement has been made towards its diagnosis and prognosis. The expression and functional contribution of the receptor tyrosine kinase ROR1 have not been investigated in HCC before. Hence, we investigated the expression of ROR1 in HCC cells and assessed its involvement in hepatocarcinogenesis. Methods: Recombinant bacterial ROR1 protein was used as an immunogen to generate ROR1 monoclonal antibodies. ROR1 transcript levels were detected by RT-qPCR and the protein expression of ROR1 in HCC was assessed by Western blotting by using homemade anti-ROR1 monoclonal antibodies. Apoptosis, cell cycle, trans-well migration, and drug efflux assays were performed in shRNA-ROR1 HCC cell clones to uncover the functional contribution of ROR1 to hepatocarcinogenesis. Results: New ROR1 antibodies specifically detected endogenous ROR1 protein in human and mouse HCC cell lines. ROR1-knockdown resulted in decreased proliferation and migration but enhanced resistance to apoptosis and anoikis. The observed chemotherapy-resistant phenotype of ROR1-knockdown cells was due to enhanced drug efflux and increased expression of multi-drug resistance genes. Conclusions: ROR1 is expressed in HCC and contributes to disease development by interfering with multiple pathways. Acquired ROR1 expression may have diagnostic and prognostic value in HCC.
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- 2019
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11. Plexin C1 marks liver cancer cells with epithelial phenotype and is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma
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A. Emre Sayan, Metin Çetin, Serdar Turhal, Tamer Yagci, Gorkem Odabas, and Huseyin Baloglu
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,animal structures ,Article Subject ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,lcsh:RC799-869 ,neoplasms ,Tissue microarray ,Hepatology ,biology ,business.industry ,Cell Membrane ,Liver Neoplasms ,Plexin ,Gastroenterology ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,Cancer ,Epithelial Cells ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Up-Regulation ,Phenotype ,030104 developmental biology ,Liver ,Tissue Array Analysis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Monoclonal ,embryonic structures ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Receptors, Virus ,Immunohistochemistry ,Female ,lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,Neoplasm Grading ,Liver cancer ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background and Aims. Hepatocellular carcinoma is an aggressive malignancy of the liver and is ranked as the sixth most common cancer worldwide. There is still room for novel markers to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of HCC. Our observations in cancer databases that PLXNC1 is upregulated in HCC led us to investigate the expression profile of Plexin C1 mRNA and protein in HCC cell lines and tissues. Methods. A recombinant protein encompassing part of the extracellular domain of Plexin C1 was used as an antigen for monoclonal antibody development. Transcript and protein levels of Plexin C1 in HCC cell lines were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. In vivo evaluation of Plexin C1 expression in HCC tissues was accomplished by immunohistochemistry studies in tissue microarrays. Results. A monoclonal antibody, clone PE4, specific to Plexin C1, was generated. In silico and in vitro analyses revealed a Plexin C1-based clustering of well-differentiated HCC cell lines. Staining of HCC and nontumoral liver tissues with PE4 showed a membrane-localized overexpression of Plexin C1 in tumors (p=0.0118). In addition, this expression was correlated with the histological grades of HCC cases. Conclusions. Plexin C1 distinguishes HCC cells of epithelial characteristics from those with the mesenchymal phenotype. Compared to the nontumoral liver, HCC tissues significantly overexpress Plexin C1. The newly generated PE4 antibody can be evaluated in larger HCC cohorts and might be exploited for the examination of Plexin C1 expression pattern in other epithelial malignancies.
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- 2018
12. A Top Down View of Tumor Microenvironment: Structure, Cells and Signalling
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Alex H. Mirnezami, Rahul Bhome, Marc D. Bullock, John N. Primrose, A. Emre Sayan, Rebecca W. Goh, and Hajir A. Al Saihati
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Cell signaling ,Tumor microenvironment ,Stromal cell ,microRNA ,Cancer-associated fibroblast ,Mini Review ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,Cancer stroma ,Cell biology ,Extracellular Matrix ,Extracellular matrix ,MicroRNAs ,Immune system ,Stroma ,Oncology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Immunology ,Tumor Microenvironment ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
It is well established that the tumour microenvironment contributes to cancer progression. Stromal cells can be divided into mesenchymal, vascular and immune. Signalling molecules secreted by the tumour corrupts these cells to create ‘activated’ stroma. Equally, the extracellular matrix contributes to tumour development and invasion by forming a biologically active scaffold. In this review we describe the key structural, cellular and signalling components of the tumour microenvironment with a perspective on stromal soluble factors and microRNAs.
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- 2015
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13. Stratifying risk of recurrence in stage II colorectal cancer using deregulated stromal and epithelial microRNAs
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A. Emre Sayan, Marc D. Bullock, John N. Primrose, Graham Packham, George A. Calin, Richard Mitter, Karen Pickard, Alex H. Mirnezami, Cristina Ivan, and Gareth J. Thomas
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Oncology ,Male ,Risk ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Stromal cell ,Colorectal cancer ,Colon ,Biology ,Stroma ,Internal medicine ,microRNA ,medicine ,stroma ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,tumor microenvironment ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Skin ,Tumor microenvironment ,Oncogene ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Cancer ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Gene expression profiling ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,Disease Progression ,Female ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,Stromal Cells ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,Microdissection ,Research Paper - Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) enable colonic epithelial cells to acquire malignant characteristics and metastatic capabilities. Recently, cancer relevant miRNAs deregulated during disease progression have also been identified in tumor-associated stroma. By combining laser-microdissection (LMD) with high-throughput screening and high-sensitivity quantitation techniques, miRNA expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) specimens and paired normal colonic tissue was independently characterized in stromal and epithelial tissue compartments. Notably, deregulation of the key oncogene miR-21 was identified exclusively as a stromal phenomenon and miR-106a, an epithelial phenomenon in the malignant state. MiRNAs identified in this study successfully distinguished CRC from normal tissue and metastatic from non-metastatic tumor specimens. Furthermore, in a separate cohort of 50 consecutive patients with CRC, stromal miR-21 and miR-556 and epithelial miR-106a expression predicted short disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in stage II disease: miR-21 (DFS: HR = 2.68, p = 0.015; OS: HR = 2.47, p = 0.029); miR-556 (DFS: HR = 2.60, p = 0.018); miR-106a (DFS: HR = 2.91, p = 0.008; OS: HR = 2.25, p = 0.049); combined (All High vs. All Low. DFS: HR = 5.83, p = 0.002; OS: HR = 4.13, p = 0.007). These data support the notion that stromal as well as epithelial miRNAs play important roles during disease progression, and that mapping patterns of deregulated gene expression to the appropriate tumor strata may be a valuable aid to therapeutic decision making in CRC.
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- 2015
14. Novel monoclonal antibodies detect Smad-interacting protein 1 (SIP1) in the cytoplasm of human cells from multiple tumor tissue arrays
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Emin Oztas, A. Emre Sayan, M. Ender Avci, Eugene Tulchinsky, Ayhan Ozcan, and Tamer Yagci
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Cytoplasm ,medicine.drug_class ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique ,Biology ,Monoclonal antibody ,Immunofluorescence ,Epithelium ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Metastasis ,Cell Line ,Mice ,Antibody Specificity ,Neoplasms ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2 ,Homeodomain Proteins ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Tissue microarray ,SIP1/ZEB2 ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Multiple tissue arrays ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,medicine.disease ,Cadherins ,Molecular biology ,Immunohistochemistry ,Blot ,Repressor Proteins ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cell culture ,Monoclonal antibodies ,Female - Abstract
Cataloged from PDF version of article. Smad-interacting protein 1 (SIP1, also known as ZEB2) represses the transcription of E-cadherin and mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in development and tumor metastasis. Due to the lack of human SIP1-specific antibodies, its expression in human tumor tissues has not been studied in detail by immunohistochemistry. Hence, we generated two anti-SIP1 monoclonal antibodies, clones 1C6 and 6E5, with IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes, respectively. The specificity of these antibodies was shown by Western blotting studies using siRNA mediated downregulation of SIP1 and ZEB1 in a human osteosarcoma cell line. In the same context, we also compared them with 5 commercially available SIP1 antibodies. Antibody specificity was further verified in an inducible cell line system by immunofluorescence. By using both antibodies, we evaluated the tissue expression of SIP1 in paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays consisting of 22 normal and 101 tumoral tissues of kidney, colon, stomach, lung, esophagus, uterus, rectum, breast and liver. Interestingly, SIP1 predominantly displayed a cytoplasmic expression, while the nuclear localization of SIP1 was observed in only 6 cases. Strong expression of SIP1 was found in distal tubules of kidney, glandular epithelial cells of stomach and hepatocytes, implicating a co-expression of SIP1 and E-cadherin. Squamous epithelium of the esophagus and surface epithelium of colon and rectum were stained with moderate to weak intensity. Normal uterus, breast and lung tissues remained completely negative. By comparison with their normal tissues, we observed SIP1 overexpression in cancers of the kidney, breast, lung and uterus. However, SIP1 expression was found to be downregulated in tumors from colon, rectum, esophagus, liver and stomach tissues. Finally we did nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation in 3 carcinoma cell lines and detected SIP1 in both fractions, nucleus being the dominant one. To our best knowledge, this is the first comprehensive immunohistochemical study of the expression of SIP1 in a series of human cancers. Our finding that SIP1 is not exclusively localized to nucleus suggests that the subcellular localization of SIP1 is regulated in normal and tumor tissues. These novel monoclonal antibodies may help elucidate the role of SIP1 in tumor development. © 2010 Elsevier Inc.
- Published
- 2010
15. SIP1 protein protects cells from DNA damage-induced apoptosis and has independent prognostic value in bladder cancer
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George D. D. Jones, Richard Edwards, K.R. Straatman, Gareth J. Browne, Thomas R. Griffiths, Marina Kriajevska, Sandeep Goyal, J. Kilian Mellon, Raj P. Pal, Alexandra Colquhoun, Karen J. Bowman, Andrew Ruddick, Nick Mayer, Serena Fernandez, Eugene Tulchinsky, A. Emre Sayan, Tamer Yagci, and Hasan Qazi
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Cell cycle checkpoint ,Unclassified drug ,DNA damage ,Apoptosis ,Biology ,Sip1 protein ,Metastasis ,Selenium ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Carcinoma ,medicine ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Iron binding protein ,Transcription factor ,Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2 ,Homeodomain Proteins ,Multidisciplinary ,Bladder cancer ,Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1 ,DNA ,Biological Sciences ,medicine.disease ,Cadherins ,Prognosis ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Repressor Proteins ,Survival Rate ,Phenotype ,Treatment Outcome ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Cell culture ,Transcription factor Snail ,Immunology ,Cancer research ,Cisplatin ,Uvomorulin ,DNA Damage ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to cancer metastasis. Two ZEB family members, ZEB1 and ZEB2(SIP1), inhibit transcription of the E-cadherin gene and induce EMT in vitro. However, their relevance to human cancer is insufficiently studied. Here, we performed a comparative study of SIP1 and ZEB1 proteins in cancer cell lines and in one form of human malignancy, carcinoma of the bladder. Whereas ZEB1 protein was expressed in all E-cadherin-negative carcinoma cell lines, being in part responsible for the high motility of bladder cancer cells, SIP1 was hardly ever detectable in carcinoma cells in culture. However, SIP1 represented an independent factor of poor prognosis ( P = 0.005) in a series of bladder cancer specimens obtained from patients treated with radiotherapy. In contrast, ZEB1 was rarely expressed in tumor tissues; and E-cadherin status did not correlate with the patients' survival. SIP1 protected cells from UV- and cisplatin-induced apoptosis in vitro but had no effect on the level of DNA damage. The anti-apoptotic effect of SIP1 was independent of either cell cycle arrest or loss of cell-cell adhesion and was associated with reduced phosphorylation of ATM/ATR targets in UV-treated cells. The prognostic value of SIP1 and its role in DNA damage response establish a link between genetic instability and metastasis and suggest a potential importance for this protein as a therapeutic target. In addition, we conclude that the nature of an EMT pathway rather than the deregulation of E-cadherin per se is critical for the progression of the disease and patients' survival.
- Published
- 2009
16. Expression of GATA-3 in epidermis and hair follicle: Relationship to p63
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Sabrina DiGiorgi, Sebastien Thibaut, Anna Maria Lena, Anissa Chikh, Bruno Bernard, Emre Sayan, Gerry Melino, and Eleonora Candi
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Keratinocytes ,Gene isoform ,Cellular differentiation ,Biophysics ,Regulator ,GATA3 Transcription Factor ,Biology ,GATA-3 ,Biochemistry ,Antibodies ,Transactivation ,medicine ,Humans ,Settore BIO/10 ,Molecular Biology ,Transcription factor ,Hair follicle ,p63 ,integumentary system ,Epidermis (botany) ,Settore BIO/11 ,Tumor Suppressor Proteins ,Cell Differentiation ,Promoter ,Epidermis ,IKKα ,p53 family ,Cell Biology ,Cell biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immunology ,Trans-Activators ,sense organs ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The epidermis is a multi-layered stratified epithelium continuously renewed by differentiating keratinocytes that develops by the action of p63, a member of the p53 family. The TP63 contains two promoters, resulting in the expression of different proteins, containing (TAp63) or not (DeltaNp63) an amino-terminal transactivation domain, which contribution in skin formation is not fully understood. We found that p63 binds and transactivate GATA-3 promoter, which in turn transactivate IKKalpha, two pivotal regulators of epithelial development. Indeed, GATA-3 is a regulator of cell lineage in skin and hair follicles formation. To further study the relationship between GATA-3 and p63 isoforms here we investigated their expression during keratinocyte differentiation, in human epidermis and hair follicle.
- Published
- 2007
17. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı’nın Sosyal Medya Kullanımı: Başkanlık ve Birimleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
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Yunus Emre Sayan
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religious education ,religious communication ,social media tools ,presidency of religious affairs ,provincial-district mufti ,din eğitimi ,dinî iletişim ,sosyal medya araçları ,diyanet i̇şleri başkanlığı ,i̇l-i̇lçe müftülükleri ,Communication. Mass media ,P87-96 ,Religions. Mythology. Rationalism ,BL1-2790 ,Philosophy of religion. Psychology of religion. Religion in relation to other subjects ,BL51-65 - Abstract
Bilgi çağı olarak nitelendirilen yeni dönemde bilgiye ulaşım ve iletişim araçları da zenginleşmiş, dijital araçlar ve sosyal medya öne çıkmıştır. Bu değişimde; bireyler, yeni iletişim araçlarına hızla uyum sağlarken; kurumlar farklılaşmakta, her alanda değişim yaşayan kurumlar yanında, konunun önemini henüz kavrayamayanlar da bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizde özellikle yaygın din eğitim-öğretimi bağlamında önemli bir misyonu olan Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı’nın yeni medya karşısındaki durumunu, merkez ve taşra teşkilatlarında (81 il müftülüğü), kamuoyuna din hizmeti götürme konusunda görevini ifa ederken, hangi sosyal medya mecralarını kullandığını nicel ve nitel kapsamıyla tespit etmektir. Özellikle 2019 Aralık ayında yaşanan Covid-19 pandemisi sonrası dünya genelindeki dijital dönüşüme paralel, ülkemizde de iletişim kanallarındaki değişimin Diyanet nezdinde nasıl gerçekleştiği ayrıca araştırmanın sorularındandır. Kurumun ve birimlerinin resmî web siteleri incelenerek hangi sosyal medya mecralarını kullandıkları tespit edilmiş, bu mecralarda öne çıkan birimler ve Facebook ve Twitter paylaşımları içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Paylaşımların dini bilgilendirme, haber ve etkinlik ağırlıklı olduğu görülmüştür. Nicel veriler yanında kurumun online ve basılı yayınlarından sosyal medya konuları dokümantasyon yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. İl müftülüklerinin 54’ünün (%67’sinin) en az bir sosyal medya mecrasında yer aldığı 27’sinin henüz bu mecraları kullanmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler ışığında, merkez teşkilatına yönelik ve yeni başlayacak, henüz başlangıç düzeyinde olan diğer birimlere yönelik sosyal medya stratejileri ışığında önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Yüksek Din Öğretimi Öğrencilerinin Öğrenme İklimi Algılarının Akademik Özyeterlik ve Akademik Başarıyla İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
- Author
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Mustafa Tavukçuoğlu and Yunus Emre Sayan
- Subjects
din eğitimi ,okul i̇klimi ,i̇lahiyat ,yüksek din öğretimi ,öğrenme i̇klimi ,akademik özyeterlik ,akademik başarı ,religious education ,higher religious education ,theology ,learning climate ,school climate ,academic self-efficacy ,academic achievement ,Islam. Bahai Faith. Theosophy, etc. ,BP1-610 - Abstract
Bilgi çağı olarak nitelendirilen günümüzde, bilginin üretildiği, eğitim-öğretim faaliyetlerinin yapıldığı, öğrenimin gerçekleştiği okullardan, bu çağın gereklerine uygun, özgüveni yüksek bir öğrenci profili yetiştirmesi beklenmektedir. Bu konuda öğrenme iklimi önemlidir. İklim alan yazınında örgüt iklimi ve okul iklimi yerine kullanılan yeni bileşenlerden biri olan, öğrenme yetisini ilgilendiren her türlü faktörü içeren öğrenme iklimi; insan unsurları, öğrenmenin gerçekleştiği sanal ve gerçek mekân özellikleri başta olmak üzere pek çok boyutlarıyla ele alınmakta, öğrenme iklimini ölçmeye yönelik geliştirilen araçlarla ölçümler yapılmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler iyileştirme çalışmalarına kaynaklık etmektedir. Çalışmamızda okul öğrenme iklimi okula bağlılık, öğrenme ortamı, iletişim boyutlarıyla ele alınmıştır. Sosyal Bilişsel Kuramın temel kavramlarından özyeterliğin bir türü olarak, öğrencilerin akademik çalışma gerektiren konularda kendilerine olan öz güvenlerini ifade eden, bu kapsamda öğrenebilmek için bireyin etkili biliş stratejilerini kullanabilme, öğrenme çevrelerini ve öğrenme zamanlarını etkili bir şekilde yönetebilme ve kendi performansını etkili bir şekilde düzenleyebilmesi şeklinde de açıklanabilen akademik özyeterlik, araştırmacılarca farklı boyutlarla ele alınmakta, farklı ölçeklerle ölçümler yapılmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, akademik özyeterlik, bilişsel, sosyal ve teknik boyutlarda ele alınmıştır. İnsanı hayatın akışı içerisinde güçlü kılan asıl unsurlar kendine güven, eleştirel bakış, sosyal ilişkilerde başarı, herhangi bir sportif sanatsal ya da kültürel alana ilgi gibi temel beceriler, öğrencilerin okul ikliminden kazandıklarıyla mümkündür. Bu durumda, okulda iyi bir rüzgâr estirebilmenin, yaşanılası ve sevilesi bir hava oluşturabilmenin, özgün ve eleştirel bir zemine oturabilmenin ancak olumlu ve sürdürülebilir bir okul iklimiyle mümkün olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Akademik özyeterliği olumlu besleyen okul iklimi, iklimin etkilediği insan unsurlarının başarısını da beraberinde getirecektir. Pozitif okul iklimi güçlü akademik özyeterlik akademik başarının da en büyük araçları haline gelecektir. Öğrenme iklimini ölçmek, okullardaki kişilerarası ilişkiler, rol modeller, beklentileri vb. boyutlarıyla hayatın kalitesini aynı zamanda öğrencilerin başarısını ve memnuniyetini anlamaya yardımcı olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yüksek din öğrenim gören öğrencilerin öğrenme iklimi algıları ile akademik özyeterlik ve akademik başarıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu çerçevede dört temel araştırma sorusu cevaplanmaya çalışılmıştır: (i) Yüksek din öğrenimi öğrencilerinin öğrenme iklimi ve akademik özyeterlik algıları ne düzeydedir? (ii) Yüksek din öğrenimi öğrencilerinin öğrenme iklimi ve akademik özyeterlik algıları arasında anlamlı ilişki var mıdır? (iii) Yüksek din öğrenimi öğrencilerinin yaş, öğrenme iklimi ve akademik özyeterlik inançları akademik başarılarının anlamlı yordayıcısı mıdır? (iv) Yüksek din öğrenimi öğrencilerinin öğrenme iklimine dair olumsuz algılarına ilişkin görüşleri nelerdir? Karma yöntem ve yakınsak paralel araştırma deseni ile desenlenen araştırmada çeşitleme stratejisi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, Türkiye'de devlet üniversiteleri bünyesindeki muhtelif İlahiyat ve İslami İlimler Fakültelerinde yüksek din öğrenimi gören, altı fakülteden, nicel bölümde 1147 öğrenciye Owen ve Froman tarafından geliştirilen, Ekici tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlaması yapılan Akademik Özyeterlik Ölçeği ve Terzi tarafından geliştirilen, Üniversite Öğrencilerine Yönelik Okul İklimi Ölçeği uygulanırken, nitel bölümde ise aynı fakültelerden 18 öğrenciye görüşme formu doldurtulmuştur. 2019 Mayıs ayında gerçekleştirilen araştırma sonrası elde edilen nicel veri setine normallik testi uygulanmış, verilerin analizinde; Bağımsız Gruplar t Testi, Mann Whitney U Testi, Levene testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA), Scheffe Testi, Kruskal Wallis H Testi, Pearson product-Moment Korelasyonu, Polyserial Korelasyonu ve Yol Analizi yapılmıştır. Nitel veriler betimsel analizle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, yüksek din öğrenimi öğrencilerinin öğrenme iklimi algıları olumsuz çıkmıştır. Yüksek din öğrenimi öğrencilerinin genel olarak Akademik Özyeterlik algıları da olumsuz çıkmıştır. Okul İklimi Ölçeğinin genel ortalaması ile Akademik Özyeterlik Algısı Ölçeğinin genel ortalaması arasında korelasyon orta düzeydedir. Araştırma sonucuna göre elde edilen bulgular alanyazın eşliğinde tartışılmış ve yorumlar sonrası yüksek din öğretiminde pozitif bir öğrenme iklimini sağlayacağı, yüksek din öğretimi öğrencilerinin akademik özyeterliklerini güçlendireceği ve akademik başarılarını artıracağı düşünülen çeşitli çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Son Zamanlarda Gündeme Gelen İnanç Problemlerine Dair Din Eğitimi Açısından Bir Değerlendirme
- Author
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Mehmet Emin Günel and Yunus Emre Sayan
- Subjects
din eğitimi ,kelam ,yöntem ,ateizm ,deizm ,religious education ,kalâm ,method ,atheism ,deism ,Islam. Bahai Faith. Theosophy, etc. ,BP1-610 - Abstract
Allah’ın varlığını kabul veya ret insanın hayata bakışını tümden etkileyen bir olgudur. Toplumlar huzur ve düzenlerinin devamı için sahip oldukları inancın kendilerinden sonraki nesil tarafından da sürdürülmesini istemektedirler. Allah’a iman eden bir ebeveynin ateist olmuş çocuklarıyla iletişimi ve sağlıklı diyalogu güçtür. Bu noktada son dönemde artışa geçtiği iddia edilen ateizm, deizm gibi tanrının varlığına yönelik inanç sapmaları dini ve kültürel değerlerine bağlı bir toplumun fertlerini kaygılandırmaktadır. Günümüz Türkiye’sinde gündeme gelen Allah’ın varlığına yönelik inanç problemlerini tespit ederek eğitimcilerin bu problemlere yaklaşımını teorik çerçevede ele almayı amaçlayan, dokümantasyon yöntemiyle hazırlanan çalışmada, alanyazındaki araştırmalar taranarak, mevcut durumun fotoğrafını çekip tespit edilen soru ve sorunlara çözüm önerileri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Son zamanlarda ortaya çıkan inanç problemlerinin birçok sebebi olsa da bunlar arasında ailenin, eğitimcilerin ve öğrenme ortamlarının rolü daha çok öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada özellikle problemin aile, eğitim ortamları ve eğitimcilerin yöntem ve üsluplarından kaynaklanan yönlerine dikkat çekilmesi amaçlandı. Her bir sorun alanına yönelik tespitler yapılarak bu sorunların çözümüne yönelik öneriler geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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