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Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pertains to the family of Herpes virus and is DNA double-stranded virus that affects around 70% of people worldwide. Purpose: The purpose of the current study is to determine how a learning package guidelines affected patients' knowledge, severity of symptoms, and quality of life with CMV colitis. Methods: A quasi experimental research model (pre-post test & follow up) has been utilized to conduct such study. A purposive sample of 60 adult subjects confirmed with cytomegalovirus colitis have been recruited in the current study. The following four data collection instruments were utilized: Instrument I: Interview assessment questionnaire composed of 2 parts; Part I: Patient's demographic characteristics data; Part II: Patient's knowledge questionnaire about CMV.Instrument II: Cytomegalovirus virus colitis - severity symptom scale. Instrument III: Cytomegalovirus virus colitis -QOL questionnaire. Instrument IV: L earning package and non-pharmacological regimen. Results: Post implementation of learning package enhanced patients' knowledge of CMV colitis, with significant variations pre/post and pre/follow-up scores (P<0.001*). Furthermore, there were very statistically significant differences in mean scores of symptom severity for CMV colitis patients pre, post, and follow -up learning package. Post and follow-up learning package guidelines implementation resulted in significantly higher mean scores on CMV colitis-QOL subscales compared to preimplementation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with CMV colitis have noticed a decrease in the severity of their symptoms and an improvement in their quality of life after applying the learning package is implemented. Recommendations:Patients' awareness of the CMV colitis symptoms and its related factors should be raised which support its development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Borderline Size common bile duct stones (BLS-CBDS) are associated with hepatopancreato-biliary morbidity and complications. Its optimum management is still controversial till now. Aim Is to compare conservative treatment versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for the treatment of BLS-CBDS. Material and methods This retrospective study included patients with BLS-CBDS less than or equal to 10mm who were treated conservatively or by ERCP endoscopic stone extraction followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The primary outcome was successful common bile duct (CBD) clearance, and the secondary outcomes were complications, impact on laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and hospital stay. Results Out of 270 patients, 150 were treated by ERCP and 120 by the Conservative approach. There was complete clearance of CBDS in 75 (50%) patients out of 150 patients in the ERCP group and useless procedure in the remaining 75 (50%) patients. In the conservative group, there was complete clearance of CBDS in 99 (82.5%) cases, and useless in the remaining 21 (17.5%) patients. Post-ERCP pancreatitis occurred in 33 (22%) patients. Conclusion BLS-CBDS increases the technical difficulty of ERCP and the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Conservative management of CBDS is effective in clearing CBDS, it should be considered to avoid unnecessary ERCP and its complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer worldwide and the second major cause of cancer-related death. Thus, we attempted to ascertain the relationship between the genotype and allele frequencies of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and immunohistochemical PTEN expression with clinicopathological characteristics in patients with CRC. 150 individuals were allocated into two groups for this cross-sectional randomized case-control study: Group I consisted of 100 patients with histopathologically proven CRC of various stages. Group II: Fifty healthy volunteers. Genetic analysis of PTEN (rs701848 T / C) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was performed using TaqMan TM assays and real-time PCR, while PTEN expressions were assessed using immunohistochemical staining. PTN SNP genotypes and alleles did not significantly differ between CRC patients and controls. PTEN expression was lost in 28% of CRC patients, while all healthy controls exhibited PTEN expression. Negative PTEN expression was present in 16 (80%) of stage IV CRC cases, 9 (23.7%) of stage III cases, 3 (37.5%) of stage II cases, and none of stage I cases. It was shown that PTEN expression was weakly positive, moderately positive, and strongly positive in 15, 10, and 9 (respectively) cases of CRC stage I. However, the expression was only weekly positive in 4 (20%) of the patients in stage IV. In the stage IV group, neither moderately nor strongly positive PTEN expressions were found. So, Among Egyptians, the emergence or course of colorectal cancer is unrelated to the PTEN gene mutation. However, the formation and progression of CRC may be influenced by weak or lost PTEN expression., Competing Interests: Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists., (© The author(s).)