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In the present study, a simple molecular imprinting technique for the quantitative measurement of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is reported for the first time through colorimetry. LPA is a phospholipid bioactive involved in many physiological and pathological processes like stimulating DNA synthesis, proliferating ovarian cancer and inducing cell migration. It is reported that the concentration of LPA in patients with gynecological cancers like ovarian cancer is considerably higher than in the control. The early diagnosis of ovarian cancer may exceed the survival rate of patients. There is a need for an analytical tool for point of care detection of ovarian cancer at an early stage. Herein, molecular imprinting technique is used to develop an imprinted β‐Cyclodextrin (β‐CD) polymer using LPA as a template. This MIP prepared was imprinted with an LPA cavity, which has been extended for colorimetry assay. The colorimetric LPA assay was conducted in the spiked blood serum sample. The detection limit of LPA in spiked serum samples is calculated as 0.078 μmol/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antibody phage display technology was used to immortalize genes from a hybridoma clone encoding monoclonal antibody against staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) which is the most potent toxin listed as biological warfare (BW) agent. The results demonstrated the application of the constructed recombinant antibody via immortalizing the antibody genes from a hybridoma clone for immunodetection of SEB.

Abstract: Outbreaks of staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) are very common across the world, however, there is hardly any report of SFP from the Indian subcontinent. An outbreak occurred in the state of Madhya Pradesh (India) after the consumption of a snack called “Bhalla” made up of potato balls fried in vegetable oil. More than 100 children and adults who ate the snack suffered from the typical symptoms of SFP and required hospitalization. Food and clinical samples were found to contain a large number of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus. All enterotoxigenic isolates produced a combination of SEB and SED enterotoxins and were sensitive to oxacillin and vancomycin. Isolates were characterized by molecular biology tools, viz., SDS-PAGE, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and nucleotide sequencing of seb, sed, and 16S rDNA genes. Results of these studies suggested that the isolates, irrespective of their isolation from food or clinical samples, were clonal in origin. Further, seb gene sequence of isolates showed nucleotide variations at multiple sites when compared with other sequences available in the database. Representative isolates, one each from food and clinical samples, were found to be highly heat resistant (D 60 ∼15–16 min). Isolates obtained in the current outbreak need to be further studied to find out the impact on food safety guidelines with respect to thermal processing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Herein, an instrument free facile acid-base titrimetric methodology is reported for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) measurement in serum and plasma samples for ovarian cancer detection. The concept is based on the titrimetric method in which alkaline solution was titrated with free fatty acid. Free fatty acid is generated due to action of the lysophospholipase to LPA. A phospholipid derivative known as LPA can function as a signaling molecule. A glycerol backbone serves as the foundation for phosphatidic acid, which also has bonds to an unsaturated fatty acid at carbon-1, a hydroxyl group at carbon-2, and a phosphate molecule at carbon-3. Free fatty acid and glycerol-3-phosphate are formed when LPA reacts with lysophospholipase. The formation of free fatty acid depends on the concentration of LPA. The standard graph of known concentrations of LPA, LPA spiked serum and LPA spiked plasma was plotted. The concentration of LPA in unknown serum and plasma were calculated from the standard graph. The limit of detection of LPA in spiked serum and plasma samples via titrimetric assay was calculated as 0.156 μmol/L. A patient's chance of survival may be outweighed by an early diagnosis of ovarian cancer., Competing Interests: CONFLICTS OF INTEREST No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed., (Copyright © 2023 Korean Society of Cancer Prevention.)

Superantigens are a class of antigens that bind to the major histocompatibility complex class (MHC) II and T-cell receptor (TCR) and cause the nonspecific activation of T cells, resulting in a massive release of pro-inflammatory mediators. They are produced by the gram-positive organisms Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, and by a variety of other microbes such as viruses and mycoplasma, and cause toxic shock syndrome (TSS) and even death in some cases. The immunodetection of superantigens is difficult due to the polyclonal activation of T-cells leading to nonspecific antibody production. The production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies against superantigens can solve this problem and are far better than polyclonal antibodies in terms of detection. Here, we describe the construction of recombinant single chain variable fragments (ScFv) antibodies against superantigens with specific reference to SEB (staphylococcal enterotoxin B) using antibody phage display technology.