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Introduction: Here, we assess the therapeutic effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and curcumin (CUR)-loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), alone or together, on the maturation step of a type 1 diabetes (DM1) rat wound model. Methods: Full-thickness wounds were inflicted in 36 rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) induced by the administration of streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were randomly allocated to four groups. Group one was untreated (control); group two received CUR; group 3 received PBM (890 nm, 80 Hz, 0.2 J/cm2); group 4 received a combination of PBM plus CUR. On days 0, 4, 7, and 15, we measured microbial flora, wound closure fraction, tensile strength, and stereological analysis. Results: All treatment groups showed a substantial escalation in the wound closure rate, a substantial reduction in the count of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a substantial improvement in wound strength, a substantially improvement in stereological parameters compared to the control group, however, the PBM + CUR group was superior to the other treatment groups (all, P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: All treatment groups showed significantly improved wound healing in the DM1 rat model. However, the PBM + CUR group was superior to the other treatment groups and the control group in terms of wound strength and stereological parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Weakened wound healing is a popular, severe complication of patients with diabetes which poses a risk for foot infection and amputation. Researchers have searched for new treatments for treating diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) in recent years. In this case report, for the first time, we applied photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and Altrazeal powder together to treat a severe case of DFU in a 47-year-old woman who was suffering from type 1 diabetes. Along with the progress of combination therapy, we observed that the ulcer area was significantly reduced, and the wound healed within 16 weeks. Furthermore, dermatitis and purulent secretion were treated, and the pain was reduced. This reported case study indicated the beneficial effect of the combination of PBMT and Altrazeal powder for the healing of a severe DFU in a patient with type one diabetes. The combined application of PBMT plus Altrazeal powder demonstrated an additive effect. Further clinical trials in the clinical setting are suggested to validate the results further. Besides, more studies in preclinical models are suggested to find the mechanism of the action of combination therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

About 50% of infertility problems are related to male factors and reduced sperm motility. The important factor that affects the structure and function of sperm is reactive oxygen species (ROS), and over-concentration of ROS reduces the quality and motility of sperm. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) using red to near-infrared (NIR) light is useful in oxidative stress restoration. It plays a therapeutic role in disorders such as asthenospermia, oligospermia cases, and cryopreserved sperm. It also enhances the metabolic capacity of sperm and increases the low-level and nonharmful intracellular content of Ca2 +, nitric oxide (NO), and ROS in the stressed cells. Likewise, it modulates survival intracellular pathways and maintains the motility, viability, DNA, and acrosome integrity of sperm. This article reviews the state-of-the-art preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the efficacy of semen PBMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Grafted Sertoli cells (SCs) exhibited a decline in apoptosis in a rat model of amyloid beta toxicity. • Implantation of SCs in rats with Aβ1-42 receiving vehicle decreased the amount of gliosis. • We found that implanted SCs can recover hippocampus dependent memory and learning. • Transplanted SCs restored long-term synaptic plasticity in lesioned rats. Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative nerve disease which adversely affects memory and learning skills. Currently, there is no disease-modifying therapeutic approach for AD. However, a growing body of literature suggests cell based therapies as a promising remedy for neurological disorders. Among the potential cell sources, testis- derived Sertoli cells (SCs) appear to be an attractive choice due to their immune-privileged capacities. Herein, we investigated the neuro-restorative/protective effects of SC transplants in a rat model of amyloid beta toxicity. To this end, GATA-4 and vimentin positive SCs were transplanted into rats with amyloid beta induced hippocampal lesions. According to our in vivo results, implanted SCs survived, exhibited reduction in both apoptosis as well as astrocytic migration. Additionally, transplantation of SCs restored hippocampus dependent memory and learning, along with the recovery of long-term synaptic plasticity. Taken together, these data indicate that SCs are a valuable source for cell-based therapies particularly aimed at AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Herein, the individual and combined effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and arginine (ARG) on the wound healing course of an experimental model of a slow healing wound (ulcer) in rats were assessed. Methods: A total of 108 male rats were divided into 6 groups: control; lower energy density (low)-PBM; arginine ointment (ARG); low-PBM+ARG; high energy density (high)-PBM; and high-PBM+ARG. In each rat, one ischemic wound in the center of a bipedicle flap and one non-ischemic wound out of the flap were created. Both wounds were treated in the experimental groups. Microbial growth, wound area, and wound strength were assessed on days 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 after wound infliction. Results: All non-ischemic wounds closed before day 15. High-PBM+ARG and ARG significantly increased wound closure rates compared to the control group (LSD test, P = 0.000, and P = 0.001, respectively) on day 10. All slow healing wounds were open on day 15 but closed completely before day 20. Low-PBM+ARG and high-PBM significantly increased wound strength (stress high load, SHL) on day 10 compared to the control group (LSD test, P = 0.001, and P = 0.000, respectively). ARG, high-PBM, and low-PBM+ARG significantly increased wound closure rates on day 15 relative to the control group (LSD test, P = 0.000, P = 0.000, and P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: High-PBM and low-PBM+ARG have biostimulatory and antibacterial effects on slow-healing wounds, which were shown by significant increases in wound closure rates, wound strength, and inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus growth., (Copyright © 2021 J Lasers Med Sci.)

Objective: We assessed the therapeutic effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and adipose-derived stem cell (ADS) treatments individually and together on the maturation step of repairing of a delayed healing wound model in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1)., Research Design and Methods: We randomly assigned 24 rats with DM1 to four groups (n=6 per group). Group 1 was the control (placebo) group. In group 2, allograft human ADSs were transplanted. Group 3 was subjected to PBM (wavelength: 890 nm, peak power output: 80 W, pulse frequency: 80 Hz, pulsed duration: 180 ns, duration of exposure for each point: 200 s, power density: 0.001 W/cm 2 , energy density: 0.2 J/cm 2 ) immediately after surgery, which continued for 6 days per week for 16 days. Group 4 received both the human ADS and PBM. In addition, we inflicted an ischemic, delayed healing, and infected wound simulation in all of the rats. The wounds were infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)., Results: All three treatment regimens significantly decreased the amount of microbial flora, significantly increased wound strength and significantly modulated inflammatory response and significantly increased angiogenesis on day 16. Microbiological analysis showed that PBM+ADS was significantly better than PBM and ADS alone. In terms of wound closure rate and angiogenesis, PBM+ADS was significantly better than the PBM, ADS and control groups., Conclusions: Combination therapy of PBM+ADS is more effective that either PBM or ADS in stimulating skin injury repair, and modulating inflammatory response in an MRSA-infected wound model of rats with DM1., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)