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Three-dimensional (3D) developments of land, such as complex high-rises, put enormous pressure on current land administration systems that have ad hoc approaches to 3D property management. These approaches are unable to support effective 3D storage, analysis and visualisation of property information. Effective visualisation is one of the essential components in realisation of a truly 3D cadastre. Currently, several 3D visualisation applications and cadastral prototypes have been developed around the world. However, they do not effectively represent ownership information in 3D because they have not been developed based on 3D cadastral visualisation requirements. After candidate 3D visualisation solutions were compared with user-derived visualisation criteria, a web-based 3D visualisation prototype was designed and developed. The functionality, usability and efficiency of the prototype were evaluated by potential users involved in the registration and management of property. While there was a high level of enthusiasm for the features of the prototype, the results also suggest further directions for development of 3D cadastral visualisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No jurisdiction currently maintains a fully functioning 3D cadastre. Lack of legal support, guidelines, and available technologies for acquiring and visualising 3D cadastral objects provide reasons. Additionally, the scope of 3D cadastres is wide and ambiguous with no firm agreement on the necessity and structure of 3D cadastres. Without a clear scope and vision, implementation of 3D cadastres is difficult. This paper builds from this premise. It is argued that developing a 3D cadastral data model is an effective methodology to identify and understand the scope and nature of 3D cadastres. This paper proposes a 3D cadastral data model (3DCDM). The 3DCDM provides a practical framework to model layered legal objects of survey plans and their physical counterparts using architectural and engineering plans. The data model is based on the requirements of 3D cadastre and it provides a resilient starting point for developing a 3D cadastral database. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]