Search

Dental impressions are often neglected in clinical practice as a source of spread of infectious diseases. In Pakistan more than fifty percent of the clinicians do not disinfect impressions. Blood and saliva contaminated impressions should be either disinfected or sterilized before further handling. Aim of this study was to determine effect of autoclave sterilization on the time dependent dimensional stability of vinylsiloxanether impression material. Impressions of stainless steel die (ADA/ANSI specification No. 19), were made of Vinylsiloxanether. Out of 40 specimens, half were allotted to group A and were autoclaved at 134°C AND 20 psi for 5 minutes. Rest of the specimens (Group B) served as a control. Dimensional changes were calculated for two time intervals i.e. after one hour and after twenty-four hours. Samples were scanned and images were analyzed by using Adobe reader XI (AcroRd 32) software. Paired t-test showed significant difference (p = 0.007) between readings at first hour (-0.047%) and twenty fourth hour (0.084%) in group A. Whereas independent t-test showed no significant difference in group A and B for both time intervals i.e. at first hour (p = 0.162) and twenty fourth hour (p = 0.148). It was concluded that Vinylsiloxanether can be sterilized in an autoclave without any deleterious change in dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship of epilepsy with society, knowledge of people, attitude, and how may it affect the access of people with epilepsy to dental care. A questionnaire that explored facts about the knowledge, attitude and willingness to provide dental care to people with epilepsy was delivered to 129 dentists personally in the city of Peshawar (KPK), Pakistan. Of the 129 respondents, 10.9% were general dentists. Knowledge was patchy about the epidemiology, causes, treatment and recognition of epilepsy. 44% of dentists did not think that they could safely treat patient of epilepsy in their offices. Lack of knowledge and negative attitude towards epilepsy may affect the access to dental care for people with epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The template condensation reaction of o‐phenylenediamine with 2,3‐butanedione or 2,4‐pentanedione resulted in the formation of new series of 12 and 14‐membered tetraaza macrocyclic complexes: [ML 1 Cl 2 ], [ML 2 Cl 2 ] [M&dbnd;Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II)]; [CuL 1 ]Cl 2 and [CuL 2 ]Cl 2 . The formation of the macrocyclic framework and the overall geometry of the complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, FT‐IR, 1 HNMR, UV‐Visible, magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. The copper(II) complexes exhibit square planar geometry, whereas an octahedral geometry is suggested for all other complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Streptomyces virginiae strain W18 was screened from soil, which exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against fish pathogens. Safety assays showed that strain W18 had no toxicity to fish. Additionally, strain W18 promoted the growth performance of Carassius auratus after feeding in feed mixed with bacteria for one month. Moreover, the activities of AKP, ACP, and SOD in the serum of C. auratus were significantly increased, while the activity of LZM did not greatly change. To detect the expression levels of the genes related to immune factors in the livers, kidneys, and spleens of C. auratus , qRT-PCR was performed. The expression levels of KEAP1, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-β, and C3 were upregulated in all three organs compared to the control, but LZM expression was downregulated in the kidney. The challenge experiment illustrated that the probability of infection with Aeromonas veronii was reduced by 60% and 40% when C. auratus was fed with two different doses of strain W18 in advance. The whole genome of strain W18 was sequenced, and the gene clusters of secondary metabolites in strain W18 were analyzed by AntiSMASH. The results showed that strain W18 contained a total of 26 gene clusters, and functional annotation analysis was conducted by using the non-coding databases COG and KEGG. All of the above results indicated that the use of strain W18 as a feed additive could enhance the resistance of C. auratus toward pathogenic bacteria and disease. In conclusion, an antagonistic strain (W18) against fish pathogenic bacteria was obtained in this study, which is of great significance for finding new treatment methods for bacterial diseases in the aquaculture industry. • A new Streptomyces virginiae strain W18 was isolated and it showed broad-spectrum bacteriostatic effect against fish pathogens. • For the first time, it was found that strain W18 could improve the immunity and growth performance of C. auratus , and also enhance the resistance of C. auratus to Aeromonas veronii. • Strain W18 contained a large number of gene clusters related to antimicrobial activity as revealed by genomic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]