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This study investigates the effects of microencapsulated garlic (Allium sativum) extract (G) on growth, immune response, and antioxidant status of rainbow trout juveniles. A total of 300 fish (13.05 ± 0.36 g) were divided into five groups (three replicates per group) and fed with the experimental diets containing G (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2%) for 40 days. The results indicated that dietary supplementation with garlic could significantly improve growth performance, Feed conversion ratio (FCR) fish fed with G3 diet compared to control. Proximate composition of fish showed significantly higher protein content and lower lipid content in the fish fed G3 diet compared to control. Significantly higher total serum protein and lysozyme activity were found in the fish fed diet supplemented with 0.5% garlic extract, whereas the activities of liver enzymes (ALP, AST, ALT) were significantly lower in the fish fed diet containing garlic extract than in fish fed the control diet. The highest superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were in fish fed diet supplemented with garlic extract. Therefore, the current research suggests that microencapsulated garlic extract could be considered as a good food additive to improve growth, non-specific immune response, and antioxidant capacity of rainbow trout.

Aim: The study aimed to examine the ability of prebiotic concentrations to increase the growth of probiotic bacteria in vitro. Materials and Methods: The probiotics used were Lactobacillus acidophilus and garlic (Allium sativum) extract. Results: The results showed that garlic can increase the growth of L. acidophilus bacteria with the lowest concentration of 4% being the most effective (p

Background: Garlic (Allium sativum) has long been used both as a food and traditional medicine. Several studies have shown potential of garlic (Allium sativum) as an antihypertensive. In previous in vitro study found that dipeptide on garlic extract after hydrolyzed by the enzyme papain have ACE inhibitory activity. Induction of hypertension with 2 Kidney One Clip (2K1C) methodcauses the kidneys lose their physiological functions. A.sativum is expected to ameliorate kidney function. This study aimed to analyze creatinine levels in rat induced by 2K1C. Method: These study was an in vivo study with Pre-Post Test Only Control group Design. Before treatment, 30 subjects induced hypertension by 2K1C method. Treatment was conducted for four weeks. The recent study was conducted on 36 Rattus norvegicus, Wistar strain were divided into 6 groups. Measurement of creatinine was conducted by spectrophotometry method. Result: The results showed that there were significant differences in creatinine levels between groups (p < 0.05) both in the pre-test and post-test. The normal group and hypertension group did not have significant differences in creatinine pre- and post-test levels (p > 0.05). A.sativum 75m/kgBB gave the best decrease in creatinine levels up to 1.75 mg/dL compared to the A.sativum 25mg/kgBB and A.sativum group 50 mg/kgBB. There were significant differences in creatinine levels A.sativum 75 mg/kgBB and captopril (p 0.05). Kelompok A. sativum 75m/kgBB menunjukkan penurunan kadar kreatinin yang sangat signifikan hingga 1.75 mg/dL dibanding kelompok A. sativum 25mg/kgBB and A. sativum group 50 mg/kgBB. Terdapat perbedaan kadar kreatinin yang signifikan antara kelompok A. sativum 75 mg/kgBB dan captopril (p

In this work, we sought to investigate the effects of a thiosulfinate-enriched garlic extract, co-administered with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or oxaliplatin chemotherapy, on the viability of colon cancer cells (Caco-2 and HT-29). We also addressed the economic feasibility of a new combined treatment of this thiosulfinate-enriched garlic extract, with oxaliplatin that could reduce the dosage and costs of a monotherapy. The thiosulfinate-enriched garlic extract not only enhanced the impact of 5-FU and oxaliplatin (500 µM) in decreasing Caco-2 and HT-29 viability, but also showed a higher effect than standard 5-FU and oxaliplatin chemotherapy as anti-cancer agents. These results provided evidences for the combination of lyophilized garlic extract and 5-FU or oxaliplatin as a novel chemotherapy regimen in colon cancer cells that may also reduce the clinical therapy costs., En este trabajo, buscamos investigar los efectos de un extracto de ajo enriquecido con tiosulfinato, coadministrado con quimioterapia con 5-fluorouracilo (5-FU) u oxaliplatino, sobre la viabilidad de las células de cáncer de colon (Caco-2 y HT-29). . También abordamos la viabilidad económica de un nuevo tratamiento combinado de este extracto de ajo enriquecido con tiosulfinato, con oxaliplatino que podría reducir la dosis y los costes de una monoterapia. El extracto de ajo enriquecido con tiosulfinato no solo mejoró el impacto del 5-FU y el oxaliplatino (500 µM) en la disminución de la viabilidad de Caco-2 y HT-29, sino que también mostró un efecto mayor que el 5-FU estándar y la quimioterapia con oxaliplatino como anticancerígeno agentes.

Aim: The present study was aimed to assess and compare the human pulp dissolution capacity of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (2.5%) and garlic extract. Materials and Methods: Several pulp tissues are obtained from both endodontically treated teeth and also by orthodontically extracted premolar teeth and were sectioned with a surgical blade into seventy-five pieces of same size and weight. Pulp tissues were then divided into Allium sativum extract (ASE) group, NaOCl group, and NaCl group and tissues were immersed in the test solutions for 30, 60, and 90 min, respectively. Further tissues were weighed using a precision balance at tested intervals, and the percentage weight loss was calculated and statistically analyzed. Results: In this study, pulp tissue treated with 2.5% NaOCl solution at all tested time intervals showed significant (P < 0.001) pulp tissue dissolution capacity and a maximum of dissolution was observed at 90 min. Pulp tissue treated with ASE showed little dissolution ability at all tested time periods. Whereas, 0.9% NaCl showed no ability to dissolve human pulp tissue. Conclusion: It can be concluded that 2.5% NaOCl had the maximum tissue dissolving capacity when compared to different concentrations of ASE. Saline had no effect on the human pulp dissolution.

European Biotechnology Congress -- MAY 25-27, 2017 -- Dubrovnik, CROATIA, WOS: 000413585400105

An infectious disease caused by motile members of the genus Aeromonas, is among the most common diseases of fish cultured in freshwater, including the Thai catfish, Pangasionodon hypophthalmus. Motile aeromonad infections have been recognized for many years by various names, including motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS), motile aeromonad infection (MAI), hemorrhagic septicemia, red pest, and red sore. In our experiment, we study the potency of a phytopharmacia agent, garlic extract for prevention and curing off the experimental infections by Aeromonas hydrophila. In series of in vitro assays, the garlic extract showed inhibition capacity on the bacterial growth. The extract dosage of 25 mg/ml (2.5 g/l) was found to be the most effective among other dosages i.e 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, respectively. Whereas in an in vivo assay using 25 mg/ml, it showed to be the most effective dosage for prevention against the intramuscularly experimental injection of A. hydrophila rather than as a curing agent. Keywords: Pangasionodon hypophthalmus, Allium sativum, dan Aeromonas. ABSTRAK Salah satu penyakit yang sering menyerang ikan patin (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus) dan ikan air tawar lainnya adalah penyakit MAS (Motile Aeromonad Septicemia). Penyakit ini juga dikenal sebagai penyakit bercak merah yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila dan mudah menular. Secara in vitro, ekstrak bawang putih (Allium sativum) berpotensi sebagai antibakteri yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri A. hydrophila. Dosis ekstrak bawang putih sebesar 25 mg/ml (2,5 g/l) merupakan dosis yang efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan A. hydrophila pada uji in vitro. Pada uji in vivo ekstrak bawang putih yang disuntikkan terhadap ikan patin, dengan dosis ekstrak sebesar 25 mg/ml (2,5 g/l) menunjukkan hasil yang lebih efektif dalam mencegah infeksi A. hydrophila dibandingkan pengobatan. Kata kunci: patin, Pangasionodon hypophthalmus, bawang putih, Allium sativum, MAS dan Aeromonas.