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4 results on '"Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Cell Membrane [Medical Subject Headings]"'

1. Determination of the lipid composition of the GPI anchor

Author

Ana Maria Perez-Linero, Sofia Rodriguez-Gallardo, Susana Sabido-Bozo, Sergio López, Manuel Muñiz, Alejandro Cortes-Gomez, Auxiliadora Aguilera-Romero, Isabelle Riezman, Howard Riezman, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Universidad de Sevilla, Swiss National Science Foundation, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Celular, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España, European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Swiss National Science Foundation (SNFS), [Aguilera-Romero,A, Sabido-Bozo,S, Lopez,S, Cortes-Gomez,A, Rodriguez-Gallardo,S, Perez-Linero,AM, Muñiz,M] Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla e Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain. [Riezman,I, Riezman,H] Department of Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland., and This research was funded by the FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades—Agencia Estatal de Investigación/BFU2017-89700-P to Manuel Muñiz, 'VI Own Research Plan' of the University of Seville VIPPIT-2020-I.5 to Manuel Muñiz, by the Incentivo al Grupo de Investigación BIO-271 (2019/BIO-271) and the NCCR Chemical Biology and the Swiss National Science Foundation (51NF40-185898 and 310030_184949) to Howard Riezman. ‘V Own Research Plan’ of the University of Seville (VPPIUS) contract (cofounded by the European Social Fund) to Sergio Lopez, University of Seville fellowships to Sofia Rodriguez-Gallardo and Ana Maria Perez-Linero, Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (MECD) fellowship to Susana Sabido Bozo and contract from the University of Seville by the Youth Employment Initiative to Alejandro Cortes-Gomez.

Subjects
Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Glycoproteins::Membrane Glycoproteins::GPI-Linked Proteins [Medical Subject Headings], Glycosylphosphatidylinositols, Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Fungal Proteins::Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins [Medical Subject Headings], Cell Membranes, Yeast and Fungal Models, Protein lipidation, Tandem mass spectrometry, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry, Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Ceramides [Medical Subject Headings], Lab Protocol, Genes, Reporter, Macromolecular Structure Analysis, Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Glycoproteins::Membrane Glycoproteins [Medical Subject Headings], Staining, Multidisciplinary, Membrane Glycoproteins, Secretory Pathway, Lipid Analysis, biology, Chemistry, Eukaryota, Genes, reporter, Lipids, Blot, Membrane Staining, Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Glycoconjugates::Glycolipids::Glycosylphosphatidylinositols [Medical Subject Headings], Experimental Organism Systems, Cell Processes, Lípidos, Medicine, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Cellular Structures and Organelles, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Immunoprecipitation, Science, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Structures::Genome::Genome Components::Genes::Genes, Reporter [Medical Subject Headings], Ceramides, GPI-Linked Proteins, Research and Analysis Methods, Saccharomyces, Glycolipid, Model Organisms, Organisms::Eukaryota::Fungi::Ascomycota::Saccharomycetales::Saccharomyces [Medical Subject Headings], Integral Membrane Proteins, Molecular Biology, Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Cell Membrane [Medical Subject Headings], Membranes, Glicosilfosfatidilinositoles, Cell Membrane, Genes informadores, Organisms, Fungi, Biology and Life Sciences, Membrane Proteins, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Yeast, Membranas, Ceramidas, carbohydrates (lipids), Membrane protein, Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Luminescent Proteins::Green Fluorescent Proteins [Medical Subject Headings], Specimen Preparation and Treatment, Animal Studies, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Chemistry Techniques, Analytical::Mass Spectrometry [Medical Subject Headings]
Abstract

In eukaryotic cells, a subset of cell surface proteins is attached by the glycolipid glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) to the external leaflet of the plasma membrane where they play important roles as enzymes, receptors, or adhesion molecules. Here we present a protocol for purification and mass spectrometry analysis of the lipid moiety of individual GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) in yeast. The method involves the expression of a specific GPI-AP tagged with GFP, solubilization, immunoprecipitation, separation by electrophoresis, blotting onto PVDF, release and extraction of the GPI-lipid moiety and analysis by mass spectrometry. By using this protocol, we could determine the precise GPI-lipid structure of the GPI-AP Gas1-GFP in a modified yeast strain. This protocol can be used to identify the lipid composition of the GPI anchor of distinct GPI-APs from yeast to mammals and can be adapted to determine other types of protein lipidation., This research was funded by the FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades—Agencia Estatal de Investigación/BFU2017-89700-P to Manuel Muñiz, "VI Own Research Plan" of the University of Seville VIPPIT-2020-I.5 to Manuel Muñiz, by the Incentivo al Grupo de Investigación BIO-271 (2019/BIO-271) and the NCCR Chemical Biology and the Swiss National Science Foundation (51NF40-185898 and 310030_184949) to Howard Riezman. ‘V Own Research Plan’ of the University of Seville (VPPI-US) contract (cofounded by the European Social Fund) to Sergio Lopez, University of Seville fellowships to Sofia Rodriguez-Gallardo and Ana Maria Perez-Linero, Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (MECD) fellowship to Susana Sabido-Bozo and contract from the University of Seville by the Youth Employment Initiative to Alejandro Cortes-Gomez.

Published
2021

2. DEPTOR in Skeletal Development and Diseases

Author

Perez-Tejeiro, Jose Miguel, Csukasi, Fabiana, [Perez-Tejeiro,JM, Csukasi,F] Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, IBIMA, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain. [Perez-Tejeiro,JM, Csukasi,F] Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, Networking Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Málaga, Spain., Junta de Andalucia: CV20-81404, UMA18-FEDERJA-177. CIBER Actions, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Regional Government of Andalusia (PAIDI group BIO-217), and and University of Malaga (Plan Propio).

Subjects
Anatomy::Musculoskeletal System::Skeleton::Bone and Bones [Medical Subject Headings], Disciplines and Occupations::Natural Science Disciplines::Biological Science Disciplines::Biology [Medical Subject Headings], DEPTOR, Cartílago, Phenomena and Processes::Chemical Phenomena::Biochemical Phenomena::Biochemical Processes::Signal Transduction [Medical Subject Headings], Esqueleto, Proteína reguladora asociada a mTOR, Diana mecanicista del complejo 1 de la rapamicina, Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Lactones::Macrolides::Sirolimus [Medical Subject Headings], Phenomena and Processes::Chemical Phenomena::Biochemical Phenomena::Molecular Structure::Molecular Conformation::Protein Conformation::Protein Structure, Tertiary::Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs::PDZ Domains [Medical Subject Headings], Cartilage, Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Chromosomes::Chromosomes, Mammalian::Chromosomes, Human::Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X::Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 [Medical Subject Headings], mTOR, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings], Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Transferases::Phosphotransferases::Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)::Protein Kinases::Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases::TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases [Medical Subject Headings], Bone, Huesos, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Clinical Laboratory Techniques::Cytological Techniques [Medical Subject Headings], Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Processes::Homeostasis [Medical Subject Headings], Skeleton, Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Cell Membrane [Medical Subject Headings]
Abstract

Discovered in 2009, the DEP-domain containing mTOR-interacting protein, DEPTOR, is a known regulator of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), an evolutionarily conserved kinase that regulates diverse cellular processes in response to environmental stimuli. DEPTOR was originally identified as a negative regulator of mTOR complexes 1 (mTORC1) and 2 (mTORC2). However, recent discoveries have started to unravel the roles of DEPTOR in mTOR-independent responses. In the past few years, mTOR emerged as an important regulator of skeletal development, growth, and homeostasis; the dysregulation of its activity contributes to the development of several skeletal diseases, both chronic and genetic. Even more recently, several groups have reported on the relevance of DEPTOR in skeletal biology through its action on mTORdependent and mTOR-independent pathways. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of DEPTOR in skeletal development and disease. Yes

Published
2021

3. Exosome: A New Player in Translational Nanomedicine

Author

Aheget, Houssam, Tristán-Manzano, María, Mazini, Loubna, Cortijo-Gutierrez, Marina, Galindo-Moreno, Pablo, Herrera, Concha, Martin, Francisco, Marchal, Juan Antonio, Benabdellah, Karim, [Aheget,H, Tristán-Manzano,M, Cortijo-Gutierrez,M, Martin,F, Benabdellah,K] Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada (Andalusian Regional Government), Granada, Spain. [Mazini,L] Medical Application Interface Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco. [Galindo-Moreno,P] Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. [Herrera,C] Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research in Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain. [Herrera,C] Department of Haematology, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain. [Marchal,JA] Biomedical Research Institute, ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain. [Marchal,JA] Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. [Marchal,JA] Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. [Marchal,JA] Excellence Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain., and This research was funded by the Spanish ISCIII Health Research Fund and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) through research grants PI12/01097, PI15/02015, PI18/00337 (F.M.), PIE16-00045 (J.A.M.), DTS19/00145 (J.A.M.) and PI18/00330 (K.B.), as well as by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) through FEDER research grant RTI2018-101309-B-C2 (J.A.M.). The CECEyU and CSyF Councils of the Junta de Andalucía FEDER/European Cohesion Fund (FSE) provided the following research grants: 2016000073391-TRA, 2016000073332-TRA, PI-57069 and PAIDI-Bio326 (F.M.) and PI-0014-2016 (K.B). K.B. was also on a Nicolas Monardes Regional Ministry of Health contract (0006/2018). H.A. is supported by Research Excellence PhD Fellowship (2UAE2020) from the National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST). M.T.-M. is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (SMSI) through an FPU16/05467 fellowship. M.C.-G. is funded by SMSI through a GJ fellowship (PEJ-2018-001760-A).

Subjects
Phenomena and Processes::Biological Phenomena [Medical Subject Headings], Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Intracellular Space::Cytoplasm::Cytoplasmic Structures::Organelles::Cytoplasmic Vesicles::Transport Vesicles::Endosomes::Multivesicular Bodies [Medical Subject Headings], Edición génica, Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids [Medical Subject Headings], Gene editing, Diseases::Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings], Exosomes, Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides::Nucleic Acids [Medical Subject Headings], Receptores quiméricos de antígenos, Neoplasias, Liquid biopsies, Exosomas, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], Biopsia líquida, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Biological Therapy::Immunomodulation::Immunotherapy [Medical Subject Headings], CARs, Immunotherapy, Inmunoterapia, Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Intracellular Space::Cytoplasm::Cytoplasmic Structures::Organelles::Cytoplasmic Vesicles::Transport Vesicles::Exosomes [Medical Subject Headings], Chemicals and Drugs::Biological Factors::Biological Markers::Biomarkers, Pharmacological [Medical Subject Headings], Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Cell Membrane [Medical Subject Headings], Cancer
Abstract

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by the vast majority of cell types both in vivo and ex vivo, upon the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the cellular plasma membrane. Two main functions have been attributed to exosomes: their capacity to transport proteins, lipids and nucleic acids between cells and organs, as well as their potential to act as natural intercellular communicators in normal biological processes and in pathologies. From a clinical perspective, the majority of applications use exosomes as biomarkers of disease. A new approach uses exosomes as biologically active carriers to provide a platform for the enhanced delivery of cargo in vivo. One of the major limitations in developing exosome-based therapies is the difficulty of producing sufficient amounts of safe and efficient exosomes. The identification of potential proteins involved in exosome biogenesis is expected to directly cause a deliberate increase in exosome production. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding exosomes, with particular emphasis on their structural features, biosynthesis pathways, production techniques and potential clinical applications. Yes

Published
2020

4. Could radiotherapy effectiveness be enhanced by electromagnetic field treatment?

Author

Artacho-Cordón, Francisco, Salinas-Asensio, María del Mar, Calvente, Irene, Ríos-Arrabal, Sandra, León, Josefa, Román-Marinetto, Elisa, Olea, Nicolás, Núñez, María Isabel, [Artacho-Cordón,F, Salinas-Asensio,MM, Calvente,I, Ríos-Arrabal,S, Romá-Marinetto,E, Olea,N, Nuñez,MI] Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, Granada, Spain. [Artacho-Crodón,F, León,J, Nuñez,MI] Biohealth Research Institute of Granada, Spain. [León,J] Ciber of Hepatic and Digestive Diseases CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain. [Ola,N] Ciber of Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain. [Nuñez,MI] Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, Spain., and This study was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (PI08/0728, Fondos FEDER) to M.I. Núñez. F. Artacho-Cordón is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education ( AP2012-2524).

Subjects
animal structures, Radiotherapy, Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Radiation-Sensitizing Agents [Medical Subject Headings], Sistema de señalización de quinasas PAM, Genotocity, Radiación ionizante, ELF Magnetic Exposure, Campos electromagnéticos, Diseases::Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings], Phenomena and Processes::Chemical Phenomena::Biochemical Phenomena::Biochemical Processes::Signal Transduction::MAP Kinase Signaling System [Medical Subject Headings], Neoplasias, Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Death::Apoptosis [Medical Subject Headings], Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], Electromagnetic Fields, Phenomena and Processes::Physical Phenomena::Magnetic Phenomena::Electromagnetic Phenomena::Electromagnetic Fields [Medical Subject Headings], Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Intracellular Space::Cell Nucleus [Medical Subject Headings], Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Cell Membrane [Medical Subject Headings], Phenomena and Processes::Physical Phenomena::Radiation::Radiation, Ionizing [Medical Subject Headings], Cancer
Abstract

Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; One of the main goals in radiobiology research is to enhance radiotherapy effectiveness without provoking any increase in toxicity. In this context, it has been proposed that electromagnetic fields (EMFs), known to be modulators of proliferation rate, enhancers of apoptosis and inductors of genotoxicity, might control tumor recruitment and, thus, provide therapeutic benefits. Scientific evidence shows that the effects of ionizing radiation on cellular compartments and functions are strengthened by EMF. Although little is known about the potential role of EMFs in radiotherapy (RT), the radiosensitizing effect of EMFs described in the literature could support their use to improve radiation effectiveness. Thus, we hypothesized that EMF exposure might enhance the ionizing radiation effect on tumor cells, improving the effects of RT. The aim of this paper is to review reports of the effects of EMFs in biological systems and their potential therapeutic benefits in radiotherapy. Yes

Published
2013

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