1. Co-medication with disulfiram markedly increased serum clozapine levels : Two case reports
- Author
-
Lydia Hahl-Häkkinen, Susanna Maria Rask, Anssi Solismaa, Sanna Ruuhonen, Esa Leinonen, Tampere University, Department of Crisis and Regional Psychiatry, Clinical Medicine, and Department of Adolescent Psychiatry
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,317 Pharmacy ,Pharmacology (medical) ,3124 Neurology and psychiatry - Abstract
Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant co-morbidity in patients with schizophrenia. Clozapine offers some benefits in treating patients with refractory schizophrenia and AUD, but co-medicating with disulfiram is also common. Procedures: We report two cases where co-medicating with disulfiram led to a significant increase in clozapine serum levels. Findings: Clozapine serum levels decreased to one-third in Patient 1 when disulfiram was discontinued and started to increase again when disulfiram was reintroduced. Patient 2 developed toxic serum levels of clozapine during disulfiram treatment combined with heavy coffee drinking and symptoms reminiscent of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Conclusions: Clozapine and disulfiram are both metabolized by cytochrome P450 CYP1A2 and clinically relevant interaction through this shared pathway is possible.
- Published
- 2023