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The term “teacher” is a nuclear component of the concept “education” in many languages of the world. In the context of globalization and internationalization of the education system, rapid changes take place in the field of information technology, new scientific knowledge and realities appear that require their own special nomination. Each innovation is accompanied by the emergence and consolidation of new terms in the language and speech. New functions and tasks of modern teachers are quite explainable, responding to the challenges of the society, characterized by increasing digitalization and new conditions of the social environment, intensive technological changes in all spheres of life, including education. It is no coincidence that an ordinary schoolteacher becomes a zoom tutor, an online tutor or a Skype tutor, who teaches using various online information platforms. The synonymic set of the term “teacher” is expanded and updated in parallel with the emergence of new functions of the teacher and varieties of pedagogical activity in which he is included. The article analyses the synonymic set of the term “teacher” on the examples of English dictionaries, thesauruses and glossaries. A semantic and comparative analysis of the synonyms for the term “teacher” is carried out to identify new lexical units with the connotation “teacher / university lecturer”.

Prohibitions play an important role in any culture, and languages have extensive systems of means for expressing prohibitive meanings. The appeal to the verbs of prohibition in English and German seems relevant in the context of historically established socio-cultural norms, as well as religious, ethical and cultural values, since the designated values and norms are subject to change, and prohibitive verbs can acquire new shades of their meanings. The article discusses key English and German prohibitive verbs and their derivatives in a semantic aspect. The verbs fordid, prohibit, interdict and inhibit as well as their derivatives in English are analyzed in detail. The analysis of the most common German prohibitive verbs verbieten, untersagen, nicht erlauben, nicht zulassen, verwehren, sperren and others is given. The research reveals that prevalent means of the category of prohibition in the English and German languages are imperative constructions including prohibitives, which are a negative correlate of an imperative; modal verbs, and infinitives with negation. The features of functioning prohibitive verbs in modern English and German speech in the historical socio-cultural context are discovered.

The study describes a rare clinical case of synovial chondromatosis of the temporo-mandibular joint, in a 53 year-old patient. In the prehospital stage, the patient was examined by additional diagnostic methods - 3D CT and subsequent computer simulation, in view of subsequent surgery. In January 2015, partial synovektomy of the right temporo-mandibular joint with removal of cartilaginous impurities was performed under general anesthesia. After histopathological confirmation of the clinical diagnosis, the patient was discharged in satisfactory condition, with recommendations for further examination and radiological control. Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint is a disease characterized by impaired formation of cartilage or of intraarticular, cartilaginous, and relatively rare bone impurities. An important role in the diagnosis of joints' synovial chondromatosis is played by the instrumental research methods, especially X-ray. Surgical treatment is recommended as a function of the prevalence of lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the surgical treatment of fractures and deformations of visceral cranium bones in comparative groups, by the use of resorptive bioactive polymer and titanium bone plates completed with screws as fixation osteosynthesis devices. In early and distant (relative osteosynthesis) terms, positive clinical study results have been obtained, which is indicative of the effectiveness and promising nature of the resorptive polymer mini plates use in the surgical treatment of fractures and deformations of the facial cranium. Due to a correct treatment planning and a biomechanically substantiated use of plates, 98% of the patients with polymer fixation devices have been fully rehabilitated. The use of the proposed plates for osteosynthesis helps prevent a number of complications in the postoperative period and permits avoiding a second operation for fixing device removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]