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Information technology enhances the nature of mathematics as an empirical discipline, leading to an approach called "experimental mathematics" (EM). It fosters the use of technology-based interactive resources (IRs) in mathematics education, giving mathematics an experimental dimension and reflecting a tension between the empirical-inductive nature of IRs and formal mathematics (FM). Our qualitative research focused on professional development (PD) for IR-based teaching of EM intertwined with FM based on a threefold theoretical framework that combines the mathematical knowledge required by EM, the pedagogical functionality of IRs, and instrumental orchestration. The research analyzed 14 high school teachers' documents generated in the course of a PD program, revealing the evolution of their orientation. We argue that teachers' evolving orientation toward IR-based EM inclusion in school mathematics is the result of meticulous dynamic PD design implementing three key aspects framed by the threefold theoretical framework: teachers playing various roles during the PD, teacher-researcher collaboration, and theoretical support. The beginning of the evolution of the teachers' orientation toward IR-based EM inclusion in school mathematics was made possible by a design grounded in the above theoretical framework and observed through its lens.

Relevance. Aging is anatural biological process of aretrograde nature, during which there is an imbalance of all systems, including the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) system and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP). And vascular aging is associated with functional and structural changes primarily in the arterial vasculature with age. Aging may be atrigger factor for pathological changes in the endothelium. The molecular mechanisms underlying the process of vascular endothelial dysfunction include increased expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases, the concentration of which changes with aging. Numerous studies report the role of MMP-1,–2,–9,–12 in the pathogenesis of premature aging of the endothelium; they initiate cell apoptosis, which contributes to increased permeability, but there are no studies in which all age categories of both men and women were analyzed, not burdened by somatic pathology. This study examines the features of the proteolysis/antiproteolysis system in apparently healthy people of different ages and genders.Materials and Methods.As part of the pilot study, 347 apparently healthy people took part (226 women and 121 men, divided by age, according to the WHO classification), who underwent the first stage of clinical examination at the State Budgetary Institution “Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the Mountains. Yuzhno-­Sakhalinsk”, in which the level of MMP and TIMP in the blood serum was determined by solid-­phase ELISA, ng/ml. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 software package.Resultsand Discussion.Changes in the proteolysis/antiproteolysis system were determined in both agroup of men and women of different ages, which can be characterized as not pathological, but close to such. It was found that in men aged 60-74 years, discoordinated work of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors was recorded in the direction of enhancing the profibrosing effect, and in women in the same age category, the exact opposite component was identified—anti-fibrosing.Conclusion.The current development has demonstrated the influence of age and genetic resources on the system of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors, in addition, aspecial age group has been identified—the elderly group, which requires protection of the vascular system in order to monitor the impaired proteolysis/antiproteolysis system.

Abstract The current experiments searching for neutrinoless double- $$\beta $$ β ( $$0\nu \beta \beta $$ 0 ν β β ) decay also collect large statistics of Standard Model allowed two-neutrino double- $$\beta $$ β ( $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β ) decay events. These can be used to search for Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics via $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β decay spectral distortions. 100Mo has a natural advantage due to its relatively short half-life, allowing higher $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β decay statistics at equal exposures compared to the other isotopes. We demonstrate the potential of the dual read-out bolometric technique exploiting a 100Mo exposure of 1.47 kg $$\times $$ × years, acquired in the CUPID-Mo experiment at the Modane underground laboratory (France). We set limits on $$0\nu \beta \beta $$ 0 ν β β decays with the emission of one or more Majorons, on $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β decay with Lorentz violation, and $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β decay with a sterile neutrino emission. In this analysis, we investigate the systematic uncertainty induced by modeling the $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β decay spectral shape parameterized through an improved model, an effect never considered before. This work motivates searches for BSM processes in the upcoming CUPID experiment, which will collect the largest amount of $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β decay events among the next-generation experiments.

Abstract Background Despite impressive improvements in the safety profile of Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), the risk for peri-procedural stroke after TAVR has not declined substantially. In an effort to reduce periprocedural stroke, cerebral embolic protection (CEP) devices have been utilized but have yet to demonstrate benefit in all-comers. There is a paucity of data supporting the utilization of CEP in TAVR patients with an anticipated high risk for peri-procedural stroke. Methods The Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement In-Hospital Stroke (TASK) score is a clinical risk tool for predicting the in-hospital stroke risk of patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR. This score was used to identify high-risk patients and calculate the expected in-hospital stroke risk. This was a single-centre cohort study in all consecutive TAVR patients who had placement of CEP. The observed versus expected ratio for peri-procedural stroke was calculated. To obtain 95% credible intervals, we used 1000 bootstrapped samples of the original cohort sample size without replacement and recalculated the TASK predicted scores. Results The study included 103 patients. The median age was 83 (IQR 78,89). 63 were male (61.1%) and 45 (43.69%) had a history of previous Stroke or TIA. Two patients had an in-hospital stroke after TAVR (1.94%). The expected risk of in-hospital stroke based on the TASK score was 3.39% (95% CI 3.07–3.73). The observed versus expected ratio was 0.57 (95% CI 0.52–0.64). Conclusion In this single-center study, we found that in patients undergoing TAVR with high stroke risk, CEP reduced the in-hospital stroke risk by 43% when compared with the risk-score predicted rate. Clinical trial number N/A.

This study examines the media literacy and critical thinking levels of students of West African higher educational institutions as tools for combating misinformation in the sub-region. Data analysis using the mediation approach revealed differences in students' understanding of media literacy and critical thinking and partially predicted their efficacy in combating misinformation. This stems largely from a misunderstanding of media literacy and critical thinking concepts as tools, as well as a lack of adequate provision for teaching the concepts and considering them as strategic tools for combating misinformation in the region. The study recommends concrete policy and managerial solutions to the stakeholders involved.

With the development of industry, the issue of environmental safety of countries worldwide has become increasingly acute. Currently, there is a deficiency of information systems capable of effectively and comprehensively informing the public about the state of the environment, analyzing the dynamics of environmental indicators, and assessing regional disparities in terms of environmental safety. The objective of this study is to develop an information system for monitoring the environmental condition of a country's territory based on geoinformation technologies, considering emissions of pollutants. This system is conceived as a multi-regional monitoring system focused on industrial areas. It incorporates a geo-module for user location determination and data representation tailored to the user's location. Additionally, the system regularly updates information on hazardous enterprises and notifies the population in case of emergencies.

It was considered the forming multilayer heat-resistant coatings that work under conditions of elevated temperatures and long-term oxidation. The issue of increasing the service life of the parts by strengthening their bulk and surface is considered. The issue of determining the level of the thermophysical properties is also considered. The thermophysical properties of carbonyl iron reinforced with carbon fibers (CF) pre-clad with nickel are investigated. Unclad and nickel clad carbon fibers were produced. The thermal conductivities of the samples are determined depending on the conditions of their production. The thermal conductivity characteristics of polymer composite materials based on CF with ceramic hollow microspheres and carbonyl iron from CF depending on the conditions of their production were determined. It is shown that heat transfer mechanisms related to the electron-lattice interaction can function in these systems. Heat transfer can occur by various transport mechanisms, such as collisions or diffusion. Nevertheless, the increase in thermal conductivity can be related to the electronic mechanism. The thermal conductivity of materials based on carbonyl iron with nickel-plated CF is 1.2 times higher compared to unclad CF, which is due to better adhesive interaction between the coated carbon fibers and iron was established.

BIM technology is an information system that digitally describes not only the architectural and spatial features of the building, but also the physical, technical, functional and operational characteristics of the designed object. Automatic recalculation of changed factors is the most important feature of BIM modeling. This article is focused on developing the new methodology for calculating concrete structures using the LIRA-CAD software. It involves taking into account creep deformations in a reinforced concrete structure and deformations under the influence of temperature factors, which corresponds to the Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 152-p Kyiv “On approval of the concept for the introduction of building information modeling technologies (BIM technologies) in Ukraine and approval of the action plan for their implementation” of February 17, 2021. The comparison of the suggested calculation with the calculation given in the regulatory documents and the results obtained in the course of the experiment was carried out. Based on the results of the study, the recommendations for calculating structural elements, taking into account the effect of temperature creep were developed.

The Majorana Collaboration is using an array of high-purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76Ge. Searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay are understood to be the only viable experimental method for testing the Majorana nature of the neutrino. Observation of this decay would imply violation of lepton number, that neutrinos are Majorana in nature, and provide information on the neutrino mass. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of p-type point-contact Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in 76Ge) surrounded by a low-background shield system. The experiment achieved a high efficiency of converting raw Ge material to detectors and an unprecedented detector energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Qββ. The Majorana collaboration began taking physics data in 2016. This paper summarizes key construction aspects of the Demonstrator and shows preliminary results from initial data.

Profiting of the favourable conditions offered by the Gran Sasso underground laboratory and of the several low-background DAMA set-ups, many and competitive results have been obtained for rare processes. Here the main results will be briefly resumed and some more details about the latest activities will be given. In particular, the searches on ββdecays of 106Cd and 116Cd and the perspectives of a complementary investigation on those Dark Matter (DM) candidates inducing just nuclear recoils, by exploiting the directionality approach with the anisotropic ZnWO4 scintillators, will be underlined.

We use all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate ionic conduction in a short, charged, single-wall carbon nanotube. They reveal ionic Coulomb blockade (ICB) oscillations in the current as a function of the fixed charge on the wall, and an associated occupancy staircase. Current peaks related to fluctuations around the 2 → 1 and 1 → 0 steps in occupancy are clearly resolved, in agreement with ICB theory. Current peaks were also observed at constant occupancy. These unpredicted secondary peaks are attributed to edge effects involving a remote knock-on mechanism; they are attenuated, or absent, for certain choices of model parameters. The key parameters of the system that underlie the current oscillations are estimated using ICB theory and the potential of the mean force. Future perspectives opened up by these observations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The importance of timely detection of osteoporosis in patients is conditioned by its severe consequences such as osteoporotic fractures. The disease can be both primary and related to the existing other pathology or to the therapy being carried out, i.e. secondary. In young patients, in most cases, osteoporosis is secondary in nature. Diagnosis verification requires doctor’s perseverance and knowledge. Purpose – is to demonstrate an algorithm of finding a possible cause of the osteoporosis development in a young person on the example of a clinical case. Materials and Methods. The medical history of a 32-year-old man is presented. The man was consulted a doctor with complaints of long-lasting aching pain in the back, stiffness in the morning in the thoracic spine and pain during movement, and was diagnosed with a compression fracture of the spine on the background of a decrease in bone mineral density. Results. The article describes the step-by-step algorithm of making a diagnosis by gradually excluding primary osteoporosis and possible causes of the secondary nature of the disease. Information about the possible mechanisms of osteoporosis formation in the most common conditions included to the differential diagnosis is given in the article. The described diagnostic search algorithm can be used in the practice of a doctor of any specialty. Conclusions. Making a diagnosis of osteoporosis must include a differential diagnosis of its forms with the establishment of the ethiology of this pathology. In young patients, in most cases, osteoporosis has secondary nature and requires a mandatory search for its cause by gradually and methodically excluding conditions that can lead to a decrease in the mineral density of bone tissue, including genetic ones. In practice, there are cases of idiopathic osteoporosis, when the examination does not allow to clearly establish the reasons that led to a decrease in bone density. Such cases require the special attention of doctors, because the diagnosis of the main disease that led to the development of osteoporosis in the future can be detected. In this case along with antiresorptive drugs, therapy of the condition, which is the root cause of the development of osteoporosis, is prescribed, if possible. The specified combined therapy will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of treatment and shortening its duration.

The effectiveness of increasing the productivity of agricultural poultry depends on the extent to which production technologies enable the realization of its genetic potential. The experiment aimed to study the effect of a mineral feed additive containing copper on productivity, growth, and feed consumption in broiler chickens. The scientific and economic experiment was conducted in the conditions of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University vivarium. For the experiment, 40 broiler chickens of the “Ross-308” cross were selected, and two analog groups of 20 heads each were formed. The experiment lasted 42 days. During the experiment, the broilers of the 1st control group consumed a completely balanced feed. In addition to the diet of the research group, the researched mineral feed supplement was added. Broiler chickens were weighed every week to determine the intensity of growth. According to the results of the experiment, it was established that additional feeding of a mineral feed additive to broiler chickens of the 2nd group increases live weight at 21 days of age by 4.6 % (Р ≤ 0.05), at 28 days of age by 7.1 % (Р ≤ 0.01) in 35 days by 9.5 % (Р ≤ 0.001) and in 42 days by 9.4 % (Р ≤ 0.001), against the control. It was found that with the use of a mineral additive in broilers of the 2nd group, feed consumption per 1 kg of growth is reduced by 7.8 %, compared to the control value. Additional consumption of the researched mineral feed additive in broiler chickens of the 2nd group increases the pre-slaughter live weight by 8.9 %, the weight of non-carcasses by 9.7 % (Р ≤ 0.001), half-carcasses by 10.8 % (Р ≤ 0.01) and patranoi by 13.0 % (Р ≤ 0.001), relative to the control. Feeding the mineral supplement to broilers of the 2nd group increases the mass of pectoral muscles by 9.2 % and thigh muscles by 10.8 % (Р ≤ 0.01), against the control indicator.

Creation of novel remedies efficient in supporting wound healing remains an actual task in pharmacology. Hydrogels showed high efficiency in wound healing and tissue regeneration due to viscosity, elasticity and fluidity that provide them with functional characteristics similar to that in extracellular matrix. The aim of the study was to create chitosan-based hydrogels functionalized with different components (chondroitin-6-sulfate, hyaluronic acid, N-stearoylethanolamine) and to estimate their biocompatibility and biodegradabili­ty in vitro. For the first time, a lipid substance N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) known as suppressor of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression was used as hydrogel component (1.95 mg/g). FTIR analysis confirmed the complexation of chitosan molecule with hyaluronate, chondroitin-6-sulfate, NSE. MTT-test and Trypan blue exclusion test were used to study hydrogels cytotoxicity towards human cells of different tissue origin. Biodegradability of hydrogels was evaluated using direct hydrogel contact with cells and cell-independent degradation. It was shown that chondroitin-6-sulfate (24 h. The identified biodegradability of the chitosan-based hydrogels is important for the release of noncovalently immobilized NSE into biological medium. Further studies on laboratory animals with experimental wounds are expected to explore the potential of created hydrogels as anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agents.

The article proposes the improved method of spectral analysis of radio signals. The improvement is achieved due to the use of special operators in the signal conversion process. This allows you to distinguish the signal accurately and to determine its characteristics at the background of many airspace obstacles. The obtained graphical results fully confirm the advantages of the proposed method. The simulation results proved the advantage of the improved method of spectral analysis of radio signals; the advantage is achieved through the usage summing matrix functions in the process of signals conversion. The proposed improved method increases the accuracy of signals detection of secretly obtaining information means by 12%.

У статті досліджено поняття юридичної науки, освіти та практики в контексті їх взаємодії. Зазначено, що основним завданням вітчизняної системи вищої юридичної освіти стає пошук балансу між фундаментальною теоретичною підготовкою та практичними навичками. Для деяких видів юридичної практики необхідні ґрунтовні знання у сфері і національного, і міжнародного права. Чимало вишів орієнтуються на вивчення законодавства інших країн та іноземних мов. Окрім того, сучасні політичні процеси вимагають переробки робочих програм дисциплін, наприклад, пов’язаних з діяльністю міжнародних організацій. Для майбутнього професіонала вважаємо важливим не лише закріплювати теоретичні знання й механічні навички, а й формувати юридичне мислення (розвивати аналіз, аргументацію, ухвалення рішень, відповідальність). Наголошено, що зміни у сфері правничої освіти закріплені у Звіті Єврокомісії стосовно прогресу України щодо вступу до ЄС, що був оприлюднений у листопаді 2023 року. Серед іншого там є вимоги: чітко розмежувати юридичну освіту та підготовку кадрів для органів правопорядку; посилити вимоги до вступу в правничі школи та вимоги ліцензування юридичних шкіл; запровадити прозорий розподіл державного замовлення; переглянути освітні програми з акцентом на етику, практичну підготовку, право ЄС та міжнародні обміни; впровадити ЄДКІ. При модернізації юридичної освіти також важливо звернути увагу на процес навчання, зокрема треба урізноманітнити види діяльності студентів. Крім традиційних лекцій, семінарів та зазначених раніше практик, для майбутніх юристів важливим є досвід написання курсових і випускних кваліфікаційних робіт, участь у модельних процесах, оскільки це дозволяє формувати загальну і правову культуру письма та мовлення, правову позицію у справі та навички ведення дискусії. Зроблено висновок, що в сучасній Україні відбувається становлення нових правових механізмів, що знайшло свій прояв, зокрема, в активній законотворчості, мають місце якісні зміни у правосвідомості, враховуючи і професійну. За таких умов професійна юридична освіта, що передбачає формування у студентів практичних навичок, стає безцінною. При збереженні підготовки професіоналів для вузької сфери юридичної діяльності має водночас розвиватися й університетська освіта на ґрунті вітчизняної і європейської юридичної науки. Студент університету зможе стати хорошим фахівцем тільки за умови, коли він вивчає юридичні поняття, категорії, конструкції і способи їх вираження в різних правових реаліях. Такі знання не застаріють і через кілька років, навіть якщо зміниться чинне законодавство.

Ensuring human rights and freedoms is the primary task of national development in Ukraine and the main social values and freedoms that determine the need to ensure the transparent, efficient, and population-oriented functioning of all state institutions that ensure the protection of people's and citizens' rights. The purpose of this research is to identify the state of human rights protection and enforcement in law enforcement activities in EU countries and Ukraine and to outline trends for further improvement in human rights law enforcement activities. The methodological basis of the investigation is the dialectics of worldview and general and specific scientific methods for understanding national phenomena and legal realities. The research finds the promotion and protection of human rights and freedoms are foundational to effective law enforcement activities, requiring alignment with constitutional, legal, and international standards. The modernization of policing principles involves expanding the role of national institutions, fostering accountability, diversity and partnerships, while humanizing police activities to establish trust-based relations with citizens. The research further emphasizes the critical role of implementing these insights into the actual activities of Ukrainian law enforcement agencies for a more meaningful and impactful transformation in ensuring human rights and freedoms. The study is of great scientific and theoretical importance, since scientific achievements in this field define the general direction of its understanding of the state, making it possible to understand and identify new trends in the development of ensuring compliance with human rights and freedoms in the world.

The relevance of the article is determined by the fact that the consequences of the relocation of the company (enterprise) in Ukraine affect the realization of human rights and the activity of the enterprise as a whole. The purpose of the article is to study the current state of legal regulation of enterprise relocation, human rights (employee, family members, etc.). One of the main methodological techniques of research is a comparative approach. The legislation of different countries of the world, which regulates the issue of company relocation, is analysed in a comparative legal direction. The relationship between the norms of international law and the legislation of Ukraine regarding the implementation of international principles of human rights, enshrined in international legal acts, into the legal system of Ukraine, in particular regarding the relocation of the enterprise, was revealed. The practice was studied and the consequences of the relocation of the enterprise were revealed. The advantages and disadvantages of enterprise relocation are considered. Special attention is paid to the psychological consequences of the relocation of enterprises in Ukraine and abroad. The peculiarities of the impact of the relocation of enterprises on socio-economic, labour, and cultural aspects have been determined. It is noted that the value idea of “preserving their rights” is the foundation of the observance of human rights. It is emphasized that the implementation of outlined human rights must be considered in the process of strategic relocation planning. The practical significance of the study is that the conclusions and proposals formulated in the scientific article will contribute to the improvement of the mechanism of human rights protection due to the consequences of the relocation of the enterprise, the need to consider the needs of vulnerable segments of the population – employees of pre-retirement age, disabled people, children of employees. The generalization of the results of the work is designed to improve Ukrainian legislation in the field of human rights, as well as to implement into Ukrainian practice foreign norms and standards for the protection of human rights, such as socio-economic, cultural, and labour rights

Abstract The NEMO-3 results for the double- $$\beta $$ β decay of $$^{150}$$ 150 Nd to the 0 $$^+_1$$ 1 + and 2 $$^+_1$$ 1 + excited states of $$^{150}$$ 150 Sm are reported. The data recorded during 5.25 year with 36.6 g of the isotope $$^{150}$$ 150 Nd are used in the analysis. The signal of the $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β transition to the 0 $$^+_1$$ 1 + excited state is detected with a statistical significance exceeding 5 $$\sigma $$ σ . The half-life is measured to be $$T_{1/2}^{2\nu \beta \beta }(0^+_1) = \left[ 1.11 ^{+0.19}_{-0.14} \,\left( \hbox {stat}\right) ^{+0.17}_{-0.15}\,\left( \hbox {syst}\right) \right] \times 10^{20}$$ T 1 / 2 2 ν β β ( 0 1 + ) = 1 . 11 - 0.14 + 0.19 stat - 0.15 + 0.17 syst × 10 20 year, which is the most precise value that has been measured to date. 90% confidence-level limits are set for the other decay modes. For the $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β decay to the 2 $$^+_1$$ 1 + level the limit is $$T^{2\nu \beta \beta }_{1/2}(2^+_1) > 2.42 \times 10^{20}~\hbox {year}$$ T 1 / 2 2 ν β β ( 2 1 + ) > 2.42 × 10 20 year . The limits on the $$0\nu \beta \beta $$ 0 ν β β decay to the 0 $$^+_1$$ 1 + and 2 $$^+_1$$ 1 + levels of $$^{150}$$ 150 Sm are significantly improved to $$T_{1/2}^{0\nu \beta \beta }(0^+_1) > 1.36 \times 10^{22}~\hbox {year}$$ T 1 / 2 0 ν β β ( 0 1 + ) > 1.36 × 10 22 year and $$T_{1/2}^{0\nu \beta \beta }(2^+_1) > 1.26 \times 10^{22}~\hbox {year}$$ T 1 / 2 0 ν β β ( 2 1 + ) > 1.26 × 10 22 year .

The relevance of this study lies in the applied use of general scientific methods of landscape ecology in organic horticulture of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The purpose of the study was to develop a system of targeted agricultural landscape assessment of the territory to determine the prospects for the development of organic horticulture on the example of the right-bank part of the Western Forest-Steppe. To fulfil this purpose, the methodology of targeted agricultural landscape zoning of agricultural land was used. For this, maps and diagrams of the distribution of the main structural components and factors of the agrosphere, namely, landscapes and morphological structures of the relief, soil and vegetation cover, water chemistry, rocks, functional use of land and traditional areas of agricultural production, were used. The cartographic method and expert assessments of land suitability for organic horticulture were based on the study of 8 natural and anthropogenic factors that form the corresponding taxonomic classification of agricultural landscapes of the Forest-Steppe from 30 taxa. The spatial differentiation of the factors is determined by the relevant quantitative and qualitative parameters of orchard lands. The expert assessment of agricultural landscapes for organic horticulture is based on the percentage level of alteration of the natural structure of the land. A full-scale model of the target map of agricultural landscapes was developed to assess the prospects for the development of organic horticulture on the example of the central part of the Right Bank of the Western Forest-Steppe. The study area of 5,400 square kilometres was located at the intersection of three administrative regions, namely Zhytomyr, Kyiv, and Vinnytsia. The study identified 21 agricultural landscapes, the territories of which are homogeneous in 8 parameters. Their comprehensive regional perspectives for organic horticulture are rated from 11 to 21. It was proposed to define 5 categories of agricultural landscapes according to their suitability for organic horticulture: the highest (21 points), high (19-20 points), medium (17-18 points), low (15-16 points) levels of suitability and unsuitable (11-12 points). Half of the study area is covered by agricultural landscapes of high suitability for organic horticulture, 15% each of medium and unsuitable, and 10% each of high and low suitability. The targeted classification of land for organic horticulture on an agricultural landscape basis is the scientific and methodological basis for the widespread development of a new, environmentally sound type of agricultural activity in Ukraine

Carbonado is a specific variety of diamonds, typical representatives of which are distributed in the diamond placers of Central Africa, Brazil, and Venezuela. Carbonado consists of the microcrystalline aggregates of diamonds, with inclusions of mineral matter. These aggregates appear as fragments that are rounded to varying degrees. Carbonado has been known for a long time, but its primary sources have not been found and its genesis remains unclear. We have substantiated the hypothesis that the most probable precursor of carbonado is shungite. Shungite is a specific form of non-crystalline, non-graphitic, fullerene-like carbon. Shungite rocks, currently known in Karelia (Russia), are natural microdispersed composite materials containing shungite—carbonaceous matter and mineral components of different compositions. The content of carbonaceous matter in shungite rocks is from less than 10% to 98%. The carbon isotopic composition of shungite is light ẟ13C from −25‰ to −40‰. The age of shungite rock is more than 2 billion years old, but earlier shungite was probably much more widespread. Known shungite rocks are more than 2 billion years old, but earlier shungite was probably much more widespread. Shungite rocks could recrystallize into diamond rock upon subduction to high pressure and temperature. The diamond rocks could then be exhumed to the Earth’s surface, where they could undergo disruption and reworking with formation of those very fragments that are known as “carbonado”.

Double-skin facade is an excellent material for decoration of buildings. Despite the large number of advantages over other types of finishes, ventilated facades also have their drawbacks. In particular, a violation of installation conditions and fire safety regulations can lead to serious consequences. Innovative materials and structures in the field of fire safety are analyzed in this paper. The article deals with fire protection methods, special attention is given to the unit of fire crosscuts in the air gap of double-skin facade. Analysis of experimental data has revealed some drawbacks of this method and the necessity of design improvements.

Abstract Using data from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission, we explore the plasma properties of Martian magnetotail current sheets (CS), to further understand the solar wind interaction with Mars and ion escape. There are some CS exhibit energetic oxygen ions that show narrow beam structures in the energy spectrum, which primarily occurs in the hemisphere where the solar wind electric field (Esw) is directed away from the planet. On average, these CS have a higher escaping flux than that of the CS without energetic oxygen ion beams, suggesting different roles in ion escape. The CS with energetic oxygen ion beams exhibits different proton and electron properties to the CS without energetic oxygen ion beams, indicating their different origins. Our analysis suggests that the CS with energetic oxygen ion beams may result from the interaction between the penetrated solar wind and localized oxygen ion plumes.

In this work a high-strength composite material based on aluminum was obtained using additional pressure on the melt during crystallization, its structure and properties were studied. The research was carried out using X-ray phase analysis, electron microscopy and mechanical tensile tests. The mechanisms of mixed fracture of an alloy with a eutectic structure are determined. The technology and design features of laminar filling of the mold with melt have been developed in order to minimize the formation of technological casting defects. It is shown that in terms of properties the obtained alloys can compete with modern industrial foundry alloys.