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The article presents a study which explores how peptide-guided lipid nanoparticles deliver mRNA to the neural retina of rodents and nonhuman primates. It mentions about the development of peptide-conjugated LNPs that can enable mRNA delivery to the neural retina, expanding the utility of LNP-mRNA therapies for inherited blindness.

Pose estimation is critical for mobile robots to fulfill various tasks, such as path following or mapping the environment. This is usually accomplished by simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). However, computationally constrained systems, such as planetary rovers, rely on less intensive guidance navigation and control (GNC) solutions generally derived solely from visual odometry (VO), wheel odometry, and the onboard inertial measurement unit. Although providing adequate localization performances, the drift accumulated overtime is not compensated by loop closing capabilities, typical of SLAM. Usually, rovers send surface images to the ground station, and these images are used for multiple purposes, such as scientific and operational planning. The number of images is constrained by the communication bandwidth and power budget. The set of transmitted images can be used as a means to correct the robot’s trajectory in an off-line manner. In this work, a solution is presented to the problem of selecting the optimal set of viewpoints belonging to the planned path from which to capture and transmit images: 1) it guarantees accurate trajectory correction and 2) complies with the maximum number of images that can be transmitted to ground control given the available data budget. To this end, it is proposed: 1) a delocalized/decentralized sensor fusion approach based on pose graph optimization and structure from motion and 2) a strategy to select a minimal set of viewpoints along the trajectory that, given a tentative geometry of the environment and the global path that the rover must follow, minimizes the uncertainty of all the robot poses. Optimal camera viewpoint positions are selected as a function of the planned trajectory, the approximate scene geometry, and the maximum transmittable number of images. The proposed method has been tested on a dataset of stereo-images collected in a representative Martian environment, the ALTEC Mars Terrain Simulator (MTS), with the ExoMars testing rover (ExoTeR—European Space Agency, Paris, France, property). Rover stereo-images ground truth was given with millimetric accuracy by a motion capture (MC) system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by resistance to conventional therapies and poor survival. Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic target for GBM treatment. However, there are currently no non-invasive imaging techniques to monitor the engagement of pro-ferroptotic compounds with their respective targets, or to monitor the efficacy of ferroptosis-based therapies. System xc-, an important player in cellular redox homeostasis, plays a critical role in ferroptosis by mediating the exchange of cystine for glutamate, thus regulating the availability of cysteine, a crucial precursor for glutathione synthesis, and influencing the cellular antioxidant defense system. We have recently reported the development and validation of [ 18 F]hGTS13, a radiopharmaceutical specific for system xc-. Methods: In the current work, we characterized the sensitivity of various cell lines to pro-ferroptotic compounds and evaluated the ability of [ 18 F]hGTS13 to distinguish between sensitive and resistant cell lines and monitor changes in response to ferroptosis-inducing investigational compounds. We then associated changes in [ 18 F]hGTS13 uptake with cellular glutathione content. Furthermore, we evaluated [ 18 F]hGTS13 uptake in a rat model of glioma, both before and after treatment with imidazole ketone erastin (IKE), a pro-ferroptotic inhibitor of system xc- activity. Results: Treatment with erastin2, a system xc- inhibitor, significantly decreased [ 18 F]hGTS13 uptake and cellular glutathione content in vitro . Dynamic PET/CT imaging of C6 glioma-bearing rats with [ 18 F]hGTS13 revealed high and sustained uptake within the intracranial glioma and this uptake was decreased upon pre-treatment with IKE. Conclusion: In summary, [ 18 F]hGTS13 represents a promising tool to distinguish cell types that demonstrate sensitivity or resistance to ferroptosis-inducing therapies that target system xc-, and monitor the engagement of these drugs., Competing Interests: Competing Interests: AM, LR, and CB have filed a provisional application for the method of using system xc- radiotracers in the context of cancer ferroptosis. The authors otherwise declare no conflicts of interest., (© The author(s).)

Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.