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Background: During a cesarean section, spinal anesthesia can result in post-dural puncture headaches. Objective: A group of female candidates for cesarean was studied to explore the link between post-spinal anesthesia headaches and factors, including age, BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, duration of immobilization in the supine position after spinal anesthesia, and history of prior spinal anesthesia and post-dural puncture headache. The needle size, type, and technique used for spinal anesthesia remained constant throughout the study. Methods: A cohort study was conducted on 80 women who were scheduled to undergo cesarean sections at a hospital in Iran. Researchers used the numeric pain rating scale to assess the severity of the women's headaches following spinal anesthesia. Through t-tests and chi-square tests, the potential link between headaches and related factors was analyzed. Result: The researchers found no significant association between headaches and factors such as age, BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, duration of immobilization in the supine position after spinal anesthesia, and history of prior spinal anesthesia and post-dural puncture headache (P > 0.5). Conclusion: When performing cesarean sections, anesthesia providers should consider all possible factors that could cause headaches in women who have undergone spinal anesthesia, regardless of age, BMI, blood sugar levels, blood pressure, immobilization time, or prior history of headaches.

Background & Objective: screening for the prevalence of skeletal disorders is needed for the early prevention and intervention of the disorders. For this purpose, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among surgical technologists and anesthesiologists. Materials & Methods: In this analytical - descriptive cross-sectional study, 167 personnel working in the operating room of Isfahan, Iran in 2018, were evaluated using the random sampling technique. The data from the general Nordic and Cornell questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS, version 20, software as well as the statistical tests including T-test, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and logistic regression. Results: Women constituted 82% of our population. The mean age and work experience of the subjects were 32.68 ± 8.64 and 10.1 ± 8.3 years, respectively. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among the surgical technologists and anesthesiologists was 96.74 and 90.9, respectively. Conclusion: Given that the occupational health status of surgical technologists and anesthesiologists was not at a desirable level, this could compromise the health and work quality of the surgical team; therefore, it seems that the inclusion of some measures such as exercise, modified ergonomics` equipment, and striving to improve one's social and psychological well-being could be efficient and beneficial to prevent these disorders.

In this study, the complexation reaction between Alprazolam (ALP) and metal ions (Zn2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Co2+) was investigated by using spectrophotometry in ethanol solvent. The stoichiometry of M+/ALP complexes was calculated by applying the Job, molar ratio and Continuous Changes methods and the relevant diagrams were plotted for each metal ions in each method. The results show that the obtained complexes are 1:3. In the Continuous Changes method a defeat was observed at molar fraction of 0.66 for all complexes, which confirms complexes with 1:3 mole ratio. The formation constants of complexes were determined by using nonlinear least square method (KINFIT software) and it was concluded that the stability of complexes is varied in the order Cu2+> Co2+> Ni2+ > Zn2+. Therefore, Cu is the strongest and Zn formed with Alprazolam ligand is the weakest complex.