13 results on '"Bishop-Williams, Katherine"'
Search Results
2. Do socio-demographic factors modify the effect of weather on malaria in Kanungu District, Uganda?
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Ost, Katarina, Berrang-Ford, Lea, Bishop-Williams, Katherine, Charette, Margot, Harper, Sherilee L., Lwasa, Shuaib, Namanya, Didacus B., Huang, Yi, Katz, Aaron B., and Ebi, Kristie
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WEATHER & climate change ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,MALARIA ,METEOROLOGICAL satellites ,WEATHER - Abstract
Background: There is concern in the international community regarding the influence of climate change on weather variables and seasonality that, in part, determine the rates of malaria. This study examined the role of sociodemographic variables in modifying the association between temperature and malaria in Kanungu District (Southwest Uganda). Methods: Hospital admissions data from Bwindi Community Hospital were combined with meteorological satellite data from 2011 to 2014. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the distribution of malaria admissions by age, sex, and ethnicity (i.e. Bakiga and Indigenous Batwa). To examine how sociodemographic variables modified the association between temperature and malaria admissions, this study used negative binomial regression stratified by age, sex, and ethnicity, and negative binomial regression models that examined interactions between temperature and age, sex, and ethnicity. Results: Malaria admission incidence was 1.99 times greater among Batwa than Bakiga in hot temperature quartiles compared to cooler temperature quartiles, and that 6–12 year old children had a higher magnitude of association of malaria admissions with temperature compared to the reference category of 0–5 years old (IRR = 2.07 (1.40, 3.07)). Discussion: Results indicate that socio-demographic variables may modify the association between temperature and malaria. In some cases, such as age, the weather-malaria association in sub-populations with the highest incidence of malaria in standard models differed from those most sensitive to temperature as found in these stratified models. Conclusion: The effect modification approach used herein can be used to improve understanding of how changes in weather resulting from climate change might shift social gradients in health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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3. How do Canadian media report climate change impacts on health? A newspaper review.
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King, Nia, Bishop-Williams, Katherine E., Beauchamp, Sabrina, Ford, James D., Berrang-Ford, Lea, Cunsolo, Ashlee, Team, IHACC Research, and Harper, Sherilee L.
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CLIMATE change ,EMISSIONS (Air pollution) ,MEDICAL care ,GLOBAL warming ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
Research on climate change media coverage is growing. Few studies, however, have investigated how the media portrays climate change impacts on human health. This review, therefore, presents a quantitative spatiotemporal analysis of Canadian newspaper coverage of climate change impacts on health between 2005 and 2015. Using the ProQuest® and Eureka® databases, a multiphase systematic review strategy was employed to identify relevant English and French articles from two national and six regional high-circulation newspapers. Quantitative and qualitative data were extracted from 145 articles and analyzed to characterize the range, extent, and nature of climate-health newspaper coverage in Canada and to compare these characteristics by region and over time. Coverage varied by region, with the highest proportion of climate-health coverage in Northern Territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut). Over time, there was a decreasing publication frequency trend. Almost all articles described negative climate change impacts on health, with a predominant focus on infectious and chronic noninfectious diseases; however, less than half of the articles discussed climate change solutions. These trends suggest that current media coverage might not drive widespread public support for policies and actions needed to protect against projected climate-health risks. Consequently, as climate change continues to challenge human health, increasing media emphasis on climate change impacts on human health, as well as a shift toward enabling and empowering climate change communication, in which viable mitigation and adaptation options are emphasized, could help to spur action to reduce climate change health risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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4. Graduate Student Perspectives of Interdisciplinary and Disciplinary Programming for Teaching Development.
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Bishop-Williams, Katherine E., Roke, Kaitlin, Aspenlieder, Erin, and Troop, Meagan
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INTERDISCIPLINARY education ,GRADUATE education ,GRADUATE students - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning is the property of Society for Teaching & Learning in Higher Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2017
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5. A protocol for a systematic literature review: comparing the impact of seasonal and meteorological parameters on acute respiratory infections in Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples.
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Bishop-Williams, Katherine E., Sargeant, Jan M., Berrang-Ford, Lea, Edge, Victoria L., Cunsolo, Ashlee, and Harper, Sherilee L.
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ADULT respiratory distress syndrome treatment ,HEALTH of indigenous peoples ,SYSTEMATIC reviews - Abstract
Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and are often linked to seasonal and/or meteorological conditions. Globally, Indigenous peoples may experience a different burden of ARI compared to non-Indigenous peoples. This protocol outlines our process for conducting a systematic review to investigate whether associations between ARI and seasonal or meteorological parameters differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups residing in the same geographical region. Methodology: A search string will be used to search PubMed®, CAB Abstracts/CAB Direct©, and Science Citation Index® aggregator databases. Articles will be screened using inclusion/exclusion criteria applied first at the title and abstract level, and then at the full article level by two independent reviewers. Articles maintained after full article screening will undergo risk of bias assessment and data will be extracted. Heterogeneity tests, meta-analysis, and forest and funnel plots will be used to synthesize the results of eligible studies. Discussion and registration: This protocol paper describes our systematic review methods to identify and analyze relevant ARI, season, and meteorological literature with robust reporting. The results are intended to improve our understanding of potential associations between seasonal and meteorological parameters and ARI and, if identified, whether this association varies by place, population, or other characteristics. The protocol is registered in the PROSPERO database (#38051). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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6. Mapping rural community and dairy cow heat stress in Southern Ontario: A common geographic pattern from 2010 to 2012.
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Bishop-Williams, Katherine E., Berke, Olaf, Pearl, David L., and Kelton, David F.
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PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of heat ,COWS ,DAIRY cattle ,KRIGING ,ANIMAL health - Abstract
Climate change has increased the occurrence of heat waves, causing heat stress among humans and livestock, with potentially fatal consequences. Heat stress maps provide information about related health risks and insight for control strategies. Weather data were collected throughout Southern Ontario, and the heat stress index (HSI) was estimated for 2010–2012. Geostatistical kriging was applied to map heat stress, heat waves, and control periods. Average HSI for each period ranged from 55 to 78 during control periods, and from 65 to 84 during heat waves, surpassing levels where morbidity is known to increase substantially. Heat stress followed a temporally consistent geographic pattern. HSI maps indicate high-risk areas for heat-related illness and indicate areas where agriculture and human health may be at increased risk in future. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2016
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7. Heat stress related dairy cow mortality during heat waves and control periods in rural Southern Ontario from 2010-2012.
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Bishop-Williams, Katherine E., Berke, Olaf, Pearl, David L., Hand, Karen, and Kelton, David F.
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PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of heat ,HEAT waves (Meteorology) ,COWS ,CATTLE industry ,HEAT exhaustion ,ANIMAL health - Abstract
Background: Heat stress is a physiological response to extreme environmental heat such as heat waves. Heat stress can result in mortality in dairy cows when extreme heat is both rapidly changing and has a long duration. As a result of climate change, heat waves, which are defined as 3 days of temperatures of 32 °C or above, are an increasingly frequent extreme weather phenomenon in Southern Ontario. Heat waves are increasing the risk for on-farm dairy cow mortality in Southern Ontario. Heat stress indices (HSIs) are generally based on temperature and humidity and provide a relative measure of discomfort which can be used to predict increased risk of on-farm dairy cow mortality. In what follows, the heat stress distribution was described over space and presented with maps. Similarly, on-farm mortality was described and mapped. The goal of this study was to demonstrate that heat waves and related HSI increases during 2010-2012 were associated with increased on-farm dairy cow mortality in Southern Ontario. Mortality records and farm locations for all farms registered in the CanWest Dairy Herd Improvement Program in Southern Ontario were retrieved for 3 heat waves and 6 three-day control periods from 2010 to 2012. A random sample of controls (2:1) was taken from the data set to create a risk-based hybrid design. On-farm heat stress was estimated using data from 37 weather stations and subsequently interpolated across Southern Ontario by geostatistical kriging. A Poisson regression model was applied to assess the on-farm mortality in relation to varying levels of the HSI. Results: For every one unit increase in HSI the on-farm mortality rate across Southern Ontario increases by 1.03 times (CI
95 % (IRR) = (1.025,1.035); p = ≤ 0.001). With a typical 8.6 unit increase in HSI from a control period to a heat wave, mortality rates are predicted to increase by 1.27 times. Conclusions: Southern Ontario was affected by heat waves, as demonstrated by high levels of heat stress and increased on-farm mortality. Farmers should be aware of these risks, and informed of appropriate methods to mitigate such risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
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8. A spatial analysis of heat stress related emergency room visits in rural Southern Ontario during heat waves.
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Bishop-Williams, Katherine E., Berke, Olaf, Pearl, David L., and Kelton, David F.
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PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of heat ,HEAT waves (Meteorology) ,EFFECT of heat on food ,ENERGY conversion ,THERMAL analysis ,BENJAMIN-Feir instability - Abstract
Background: In Southern Ontario, climate change may have given rise to an increasing occurrence of heat waves since the year 2000, which can cause heat stress to the general public, and potentially have detrimental health consequences. Heat waves are defined as three consecutive days with temperatures of 32 °C and above. Heat stress is the level of discomfort. A variety of heat stress indices have been proposed to measure heat stress (e.g., the heat stress index (HSI)), and has been shown to predict increases in morbidity and/or mortality rates in humans and other species. Maps visualizing the distribution of heat stress can provide information about related health risks and insight for control strategies. Information to inform heat wave preparedness models in Ontario was previously only available for major metropolitan areas. Methods: Hospitals in communities of fewer than 100,000 individuals were recruited for a pilot study by telephone. The number of people visiting the emergency room or 24-hour urgent care service was collected for a total of 27 days, covering three heat waves and six 3-day control periods from 2010-2012. The heat stress index was spatially predicted using data from 37 weather stations across Southern Ontario by geostatistical kriging. Poisson regression modeling was applied to determine the rate of increased number of emergency room visits in rural hospitals with respect to the HSI. Results: During a heat wave, the average rate of emergency room visits was 1.11 times higher than during a control period (IRR = 1.11, CI95% (IRR) = (1.07,1.15), p ≤ 0.001). In a univariable model, HSI was not a significant predictor of emergency room visits, but when accounting for the confounding effect of a spatial trend polynomial in the hospital location coordinates, a one unit increase in HSI predicted an increase in daily emergency rooms visits by 0.4 % (IRR = 1.004, CI95%(IRR) = (1.0005,1.007), p = 0.024) across the region. One high-risk cluster and no low risk clusters were identified in the southwestern portion of the study area by the spatial scan statistic during heat waves. The high-risk cluster is located in a region with high levels of heat stress during heat waves. Conclusions: This finding will aid hospitals and rural public health units in preventing and preparing for emergencies of foreseeable heat waves. Future research is needed to assess the relation between heat stress and individual characteristics and demographics of rural communities in Ontario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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9. Correction to: Do socio-demographic factors modify the effect of weather on malaria in Kanungu District, Uganda?
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Ost, Katarina, Berrang-Ford, Lea, Bishop-Williams, Katherine, Charette, Margot, Harper, Sherilee L., Lwasa, Shuaib, Namanya, Didacus B., Huang, Yi, Katz, Aaron B., and Ebi, Kristie
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SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,MALARIA ,WEATHER - Published
- 2022
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10. Doing More Than Asking for Opinions: A Framework for Participation and Ecohealth in Health Information System Evaluations.
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Helwig, Jessica Elaine, Bishop-Williams, Katherine E., Berrang-Ford, Lea, Lwasa, Shuaib, and Namanya, Didacus Bambaiha
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- 2020
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11. Understanding Weather and Hospital Admissions Patterns to Inform Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in the Healthcare Sector in Uganda.
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Bishop-Williams, Katherine E., Berrang-Ford, Lea, Sargeant, Jan M., Pearl, David L., Lwasa, Shuaib, Namanya, Didacus Bambaiha, Edge, Victoria L., Cunsolo, Ashlee, Huang, Yi, Ford, James, Garcia, Patricia, and Harper, Sherilee L.
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- 2018
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12. Hospital Pharmacy Contribution to COVID-19 Vaccination Rollout in Rural Communities.
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Liu KD and Bishop-Williams K
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Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
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- 2023
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13. Neglected Tropical Diseases in the Context of Climate Change in East Africa: A Systematic Scoping Review.
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Bryson JM, Bishop-Williams KE, Berrang-Ford L, Nunez EC, Lwasa S, Namanya DB, Indigenous Health Adaptation To Climate Change Research Team, and Harper SL
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- Africa, Eastern epidemiology, Databases, Factual, Humans, Climate Change, Neglected Diseases epidemiology, Tropical Climate
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East Africa is highly affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), which are projected to be exacerbated by climate change. Consequently, understanding what research has been conducted and what knowledge gaps remain regarding NTDs and climate change is crucial to informing public health interventions and climate change adaptation. We conducted a systematic scoping review to describe the extent, range, and nature of publications examining relationships between NTDs and climatic factors in East Africa. We collated all relevant English and French publications indexed in PubMed
® , Web of Science™ Core Collection, and CAB Direct© databases published prior to 2019. Ninety-six publications were included for review. Kenya, Tanzania, and Ethiopia had high rates of publication, whereas countries in the Western Indian Ocean region were underrepresented. Most publications focused on schistosomiasis ( n = 28, 29.2%), soil-transmitted helminthiases ( n = 16, 16.7%), or human African trypanosomiasis ( n = 14, 14.6%). Precipitation ( n = 91, 94.8%) and temperature ( n = 54, 56.3%) were frequently investigated climatic factors, whereas consideration of droughts ( n = 10, 10.4%) and floods ( n = 4, 4.2%) was not prominent. Publications reporting on associations between NTDs and changing climate were increasing over time. There was a decrease in the reporting of Indigenous identity and age factors over time. Overall, there were substantial knowledge gaps for several countries and for many NTDs. To better understand NTDs in the context of a changing climate, it would be helpful to increase research on underrepresented diseases and regions, consider demographic and social factors in research, and characterize how these factors modify the effects of climatic variables on NTDs in East Africa.- Published
- 2020
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