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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important legume crops and is cultivated large-scale throughout Turkiye as well as the world. Ascochyta blight, caused by the fungal phytopathogen Ascochyta rabiei, is the leading reason for the highest yield losses among the diseases known for chickpea. The pathogen exhibits high genetic diversity in Turkiye. Therefore, resistancy using Sequence Tagged Microsatellite Site (STMS) markers related with the genes that provide resistance against Ascochyta blight was investigated for the 205 chickpea breeding lines grown in different parts of Turkiye. The analysis for Ascochyta blight resistance was performed using Ta2, Ta146 and Ts54. It was demonstrated that Ta2, Ts54 and Ta146 were the STMS markers having distinguishable features for the detection of Ascochyta blight resistance and were shown to be used in credible fashion for the selection of resistant chickpea breeding lines.

Background Because of its ability to absorb UV radiation and possess catalytic, antibacterial, and semiconducting properties, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are increasingly being used in consumer goods. Because nanoparticles are used so often, accurate methods for determining any associated toxicity are crucial. The greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a suitable experimental model organism due to immune defense of the larvae is very strong. Also, larvae are a good model for carrying out toxicity studies. In this study, to determine the effects of zinc oxide NPs (ZnO NPs) on the biology (larval development time, the weight of the last stage larvae, the pupal development time, the pupal weight, the eclosion rate, the maturation period, the adult weights, the adult longevity, and the percentage of adults) of G. mellonella, zinc oxide NPs were added to the larvae diet (honeycomb) at different doses (100, 500, 1000, 3000, and 5000 ppm). Results Results showed that pupal weights significantly decreased at 1000, 3000, and 5000 ppm doses of zinc oxide NPs when compared with control. Adult weight increased at 100 ppm zinc oxide NPs and the adult longevity of G. mellonella in the group exposed to 5000 ppm zinc oxide NP was longer than the control group. Finally, total male longevity extended in 500, 1000, 3000, and 5000 ppm zinc oxide NPs groups when compared to the control group. Conclusions The findings of this study contribute to evidence that the negative effects of ZnO NPs on biological properties on G. mellonella. In addition, the study reveals the adverse effects of zinc oxide NPs on a model experimental organism and provides an idea for researchers working on this subject in terms of new studies that can be done in future.

X-linked ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is the most common urea cycle defect. The disease severity ranges from asymptomatic carrier state to severe neonatal presentation with hyperammonaemic encephalopathy. We audited the diagnosis and management of OTCD, using an online 12-question-survey that was sent to 75 metabolic centres in Turkey, France and the UK. Thirty-nine centres responded and 495 patients were reported in total. A total of 208 French patients were reported, including 71 (34%) males, 86 (41%) symptomatic and 51 (25%) asymptomatic females. Eighty-five Turkish patients included 32 (38%) males, 39 (46%) symptomatic and 14 (16%) asymptomatic females. Out of the 202 UK patients, 66 (33%) were male, 83 (41%) asymptomatic and 53 (26%) symptomatic females. A total of 19%, 12% and 7% of the patients presented with a neonatal-onset phenotype in France, Turkey and the UK, respectively. Vomiting, altered mental status and encephalopathy were the most common initial symptoms in all three countries. While 69% in France and 79% in Turkey were receiving protein restriction, 42% were on a protein-restricted diet in the UK. A total of 76%, 47% and 33% of patients were treated with ammonia scavengers in Turkey, France and the UK, respectively. The findings of our audit emphasize the differences and similarities in manifestations and management practices in three countries., Medical Research Council [MR/S019111/1]; National Institute of Health Research Senior Investigator Award [NIHR202370]; Medical Research Council Clinician Scientist Fellowship [MR/T008024/1]; NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, This work was supported by the Medical Research Council grant, reference: MR/S019111/1. PG is supported by a National Institute of Health Research Senior Investigator Award (Reference NIHR202370). J.B. is supported by Medical Research Council Clinician Scientist Fellowship MR/T008024/1 and NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health.

Kidney stone, also known as calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, is one of the most common diseases worldwide. Calculi usually forms when urine becomes supersaturated with particular calcium salts such as calcium oxalate. In the present study, we investigated the ameliorative potential of the root extract of the Common golden thistle, Scolymus hispanicus L. (SH) on rats with ethylene glycol (EG) induced kidney stone disease. Sprague-Dawley rats, each weighing 250-300 g, were divided into three groups (n=6 per group): (i) Control (C); (ii) EG; and (iii) EG+SH. To induce nephrolithiasis, the rats received 1% of EG with drinking water, while the C group received normal drinking water during the study. SH extract 2 g/kg was added to the treatment from the 4th week onwards in EG+SH group. At the end of each experiment, rats were decapacitated and serum levels of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were assessed in all groups at 0, 4, and 8 weeks. Oxalic acid and creatininelevels were measured in urine samples collected at 24 h in metabolic cages. Renal tissues were evaluated histopathologically at the end of the experiment. After 8 weeks, serum creatinine levels were found decreased in the SH group while increased in the EG group. Serum magnesium and AST levels were also found decreased in the EG group, however, SH treatment reversed these values. The SH treatment also increased urinary oxalic acid levels. When the kidney tissue of EG group was examined, there was a high level of crystal/stone, especially in the renal cortex. In kidney tissues of the SH group, only small amounts of crystal/stone were observed. Our experimental findings have demonstrated the ameliorative potential of the aqueous extracts of S. hispanicus roots and shells on EG-induced in the kidney stones in rats. Isolation of active compounds of SH would be desirable to understand the biochemical mechanism behind the process better.

Our case was a 50-year-old female who presented at the outpatients department with dyspeptic symptoms. Microscopical examination of mucosal samples from the corpus and antrum showed widespread Helicobacter pylori within the superficial mucus network, marked neutrophilic cryptitis, widespread reactive/regenerative crypt hyperplasia, intestinal metaplasia, and increased lymphoplasmocytoid cells and plasma cells full of immunoglobulin in the lamina propria. Immunohistochemical staining showed the plasma cells to be CD3 (-), CD20 (-), CD79a (+), CD45 (+), Kappa (+), and Lambda (+). It is possible for a dense accumulation of Russell bodies to be observed on a background of H. pylori taking into account that Russell bodies contain immunoglobulin aggregates and side products of immunoglobulin synthesis. However, there are only a limited number of articles evaluating this aspect. We present a case to contribute to the few articles on Helicobacter gastritis characterized by an inflammatory reaction rich in ‘’Russell’’ bodies Olgumuz dispeptik yakınmaları nedeni ile kliniğe müracaat eden 50 yaşında kadın hastadır. Antrum ve korpusa ait mukoza örneklerinin mikroskopik incelemesinde yüzey mukus ağı içinde yaygın helicobacter pylori, belirgin nötrofilik kriptit, yaygın reaktif/ rejeneratif kript hiperplazisi, intestinal metaplazi, lamina propriada içleri immünglobülin ile dolu plazma hücreleri ve lenfoplazmositer hücre artışı izlenmiştir. Olguya uygulanan immünhistokimyasal boyalarda immünglobülin ile dolu plazma hücrelerinin CD3 (-), CD20 (-), CD79 a(+), CD45 (+), Kappa (+), Lambda (+) olduğu saptanmıştır. Russell cisimciklerinin immünglobülin agregatları ve immünglobülin sentezinin yan ürünleri içerdiği düşünülürse H.pylori zemininde Russell cisimciklerinin yoğun olarak saptanması olasıdır. Ancak günümüze değin bu açıdan değerlendirilmiş sınırlı sayıda yayın bulunmaktadır. Literatürde ‘’Russell’’ cisimciklerinden zengin inflamatuar reaksiyonla karakterize Helikobakter gastritinin nadir bildirilmiş olması nedeni ile olgumuz sunulmuştur.

Foregut duplication cyst of the stomach is an extremely rare disease entity. A 35-year-old Korean man presented with epigastric pain. An abdominal cystic mass, measuring 7 ¥ 6 ¥ 5 cm, was found in the lesser curvature of the stomach. The cyst was unilocular with a grey-white, rubbery wall. Microscopically, the cyst wall was lined by pseudostratified ciliated, columnar epithelium and gastric mucosa with a complete lining of smooth muscle bundles. Although the origin of this lesion remains uncertain, this case suggests that the gastric cyst arose from the embryonic foregut and showed differentiation toward respiratory and gastric structures.