136 results on '"Canuto, Karla"'
Search Results
2. Advancing health promotion in rural and remote Australia: Strategies for change
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Smith, James A, Canuto, Karla, Canuto, Kootsy, Campbell, Narelle, Schmitt, Dagmar, Bonson, Jason, Smith, Le, Connolly, Paul, Bonevski, Billie, Rissel, Chris, Aitken, Robyn, Dennis, Christine, Williams, Carmel, Dyall, Danielle, and Stephens, Donna
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- 2022
3. Community co-selection of measures to evaluate the health and wellbeing impact of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community running groups
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Macniven, Rona, Delbaere, Kim, Lewis, Ebony, Radford, Kylie, Canuto, Karla, Dickson, Michelle, Richards, Justin, Gwynn, Josephine, and Withall, Adrienne
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- 2023
4. Health promotion is central to the establishment of an Australian centre for disease control
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Smith, James A, Canuto, Karla, Canuto, Kootsy, Bonevski, Billie, Mahoney, Ray, Ryder, Courtney, Smith, Le, Brickley, Bryce, Edmunds, Melinda, and Crawford, Gemma
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- 2023
5. The potential for tailored screening to reduce bowel cancer mortality for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia: Modelling study
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Lew, Jie-Bin, Feletto, Eleonora, Worthington, Joachim, Roder, David, Canuto, Karla, Miller, Caroline, D’Onise, Katina, and Canfell, Karen
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- 2022
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6. Identifying barriers and facilitators to physical activity and perceptions of Traditional Indigenous Games among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women: a qualitative study.
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Thorne, Tiana, Taylor, Sean, Canuto, Karla, and Leicht, Anthony S
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EXERCISE & psychology ,QUALITATIVE research ,FOCUS groups ,HEALTH status indicators ,RECREATION ,INDIGENOUS women ,CONSUMER attitudes ,INTERVIEWING ,CULTURE ,SOCIAL factors ,ECONOMIC status ,GAMES ,THEMATIC analysis ,RACISM ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL coding ,AGING ,SHAME ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,INDIGENOUS Australians ,PHYSICAL activity ,SOCIAL participation ,TIME - Abstract
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women are key members of the community who have specific roles within their families that may result in lower levels of physical activity (PA) undertaken. Clearly identifying barriers for women to engage with PA, and exploring culturally based activities (i.e. Traditional Indigenous Games), may help to improve long-term health benefits. Subsequently, the aim of this study was to identify the barriers and facilitators for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women engaging in PA, and their interest in participating in Traditional Indigenous Games. Seventeen Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women (34.3 ± 10.2 years) participated in focus groups. Through thematic analysis, participants experienced a range of common barriers such as lack of time due to family commitments, limited finances, ageing and poor physical and/or mental health. Common facilitators were also identified such as fun, access and improving mental and/or physical health. Importantly, unique themes were identified for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women including barriers (e.g. racism, shame) and facilitators (e.g. culture, interactions with other Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women) that influenced PA participation. Notably, Traditional Indigenous Games were considered as an appealing PA mode to engage with their culture, experience nostalgia and be around other Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. These key findings will guide future PA programs including Traditional Indigenous Games to improve health outcomes of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, vital members of the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. A scoping review of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health promotion programs focused on modifying chronic disease risk factors
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Canuto, Karla J, Aromataris, Edoardo, Burgess, Teresa, Davy, Carol, McKivett, Andrea, Schwartzkopff, Kate, Canuto, Kootsy, Tufanaru, Catalin, Lockwood, Craig, and Brown, Alex
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- 2021
8. Supporting healthy lifestyles for First Nations women and communities through co-design: lessons and early findings from remote Northern Australia.
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Dias, Tara, MacKay, Diana, Canuto, Karla, Boyle, Jacqueline A., D'Antoine, Heather, Hampton, Denella, Martin, Kim, Phillips, Jessica, Bartlett, Norlisha, Mcintyre, H. David, Graham, Sian, Corpus, Sumaria, Connors, Christine, McCarthy, Leisa, Kirkham, Renae, and Maple-Brown, Louise J.
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- 2024
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9. Colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood tests for Indigenous adults: A systematic literature review of barriers, enablers and implemented strategies
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D'Onise, Katina, Iacobini, Emilia Tiziana, and Canuto, Karla Joy
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- 2020
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10. The impact of physical activity and sport on social outcomes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: A systematic scoping review
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Macniven, Rona, Canuto, Karla, Wilson, Rachel, Bauman, Adrian, and Evans, John
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- 2019
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11. The 'ripple effect': Health and community perceptions of the Indigenous Marathon Program on Thursday Island in theTorres Strait, Australia
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Macniven, Rona, Plater, Suzanne, Canuto, Karla, Dickson, Michelle, Gwynn, Josephine, Bauman, Adrian, and Richards, Justin
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- 2018
12. Physical activity interventions to prevent and manage type 2 diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples: a systematic review protocol
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Evans, John, Canuto, Karla, Kelly, Ray, Caperchione, Cristina, and Macniven, Rona
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- 2021
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13. Assessing the quality of health research from an Indigenous perspective: the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander quality appraisal tool
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Harfield, Stephen, Pearson, Odette, Morey, Kim, Kite, Elaine, Canuto, Karla, Glover, Karen, Gomersall, Judith Streak, Carter, Drew, Davy, Carol, Aromataris, Edoardo, and Braunack-Mayer, Annette
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- 2020
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14. Systematic review to inform prevention and management of chronic disease for Indigenous Australians: overview and priorities
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Gomersall, Judith Streak, Canuto, Karla, Aromataris, Edoardo, Braunack‐Mayer, Annette, and Brown, Alex
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- 2016
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15. Impact of physical activity and sport on social outcomes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: a scoping review protocol
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Macniven, Rona, Canuto, Karla, Wilson, Rachel, Bauman, Adrian, and Evans, John
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- 2019
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16. Disparities in breast screening, stage at diagnosis, cancer treatment and the subsequent risk of cancer death: a retrospective, matched cohort of aboriginal and non-aboriginal women with breast cancer
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Banham, David, Roder, David, Keefe, Dorothy, Farshid, Gelareh, Eckert, Marion, Howard, Natasha, Canuto, Karla, Brown, Alex, and for the CanDAD Aboriginal Community Reference Group and other CanDAD investigators
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- 2019
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17. Further investment in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men’s health research funding is urgently required
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Canuto, Kootsy, Prehn, Jacob, Canuto, Karla, Neate, Rosie, Gee, Graham, Kennedy, Corey, Gaweda, Celina, Black, Oliver, Smith, James, and Brown, Alex
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- 2023
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18. Securing surviving futures: Zenadh Health Science Research and Education Council.
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Hughes, Jaquelyne T, Canuto, Karla J, and Mills OAM, Phillip J
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The Zenadh Health Science Research and Education Council is being established as a physical infrastructure to unite Zenadh (Torres Strait) culture with Eurocentric sciences. The Council aims to secure and maximize Zenadh knowledge and skills while incorporating Eurocentric scientific practices. It is a means for Torres Strait Islander peoples to exercise their right to free, prior, and informed consent in scientific inquiry and to promote their political autonomy and self-determination. The Council will work on various health initiatives, such as providing haemodialysis services and reducing complications of diabetes. The authors emphasize the importance of cultural protocols and language in their work and express their desire for culturally honoring supporters and enablers of their survival. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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19. Co-designing a health promotion program for Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander girls: lessons learnt.
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English, Madeleine, Canuto, Karla, Schulenkorf, Nico, Evans, John, Curry, Christina, Slater, Cain, and Caperchione, Cristina M
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CULTURE , *TORRES Strait Islanders , *WOMEN , *COMMUNITY health services , *PHYSICAL activity , *HUMAN services programs , *LEARNING strategies , *HEALTH literacy , *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations , *ACTION research , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *RESEARCH funding , *HEALTH promotion , *MEDICAL research , *MEDICAL needs assessment , *REFLECTION (Philosophy) - Abstract
Summary: Despite progression in the ethical and methodological conduct of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health research, disparities still pervade, indicating limitations in knowledge translation. One identified gap is a lack of documented experiences detailing how ethical guidelines may be practically applied. This paper aims to (i) describe the research processes involved in co-designing a physical activity and psychosocial health program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander girls and (ii) highlight learnings of the collaborative research journey. The Criteria for Strengthening Reporting of Health Research involving Indigenous Peoples (CONSIDER) statement was used to document participatory research activities undertaken with an Aboriginal community partner. Building upon the CONSIDER statement, Aboriginal (N = 3), Torres Strait Islander (N = 1) and non-Indigenous (N = 4) research team members engaged in critical reflection to identify lessons learnt. Researchers identified a tension between participatory research principles and the expectations of funding agencies and research institutions. Consequently, timelines must be flexible to foster meaningful community engagement and participatory processes. Additionally, researchers and community stakeholders are encouraged to embrace tensions that may associated with participatory research or the pressures Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander researchers face from their community and organization. Furthermore, differences in professional (i.e. occupational) and cultural knowledge systems need to be acknowledged and accounted for within the early stages of a project to ensure informed decision-making. Identified lessons will assist relevant stakeholders in the development of future Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health programming, ensuring the most appropriate health solutions are devised with community. Lay Summary: The ethical and methodological quality of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health research and associated community engagement has progressed significantly in the last thirty years. Despite this progress, improvements in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health disparities have been slow and inconsistent, indicating there are limitations in the available information for health promotion stakeholders. One identified gap is a lack of documented experiences detailing how guidelines may be practically applied. This paper, therefore, details how an intercultural, intersectoral team engaged in a participatory Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health research project (i.e. Tidda Talk). In addition to documenting research processes, the paper also offers lessons learnt: (i) Prioritize a flexible response within the project plan, (ii) Embrace Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community empowerment whilst working at the cultural interface (i.e. a place of knowledge exchange between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and Western culture, resulting in two-way learning) (iii) Plan to navigate different knowledge systems, (iv) Acknowledge the pressures and demands placed on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander researchers. These documented experiences and lessons learnt have the potential to benefit researchers and practitioners in future health service design and evaluation, allowing for culturally appropriate practices to be identified and replicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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20. Implementing the Baby One Program: a qualitative evaluation of family-centred child health promotion in remote Australian Aboriginal communities
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Campbell, Sandra, McCalman, Janya, Redman-MacLaren, Michelle, Canuto, Karla, Vine, Kristina, Sewter, Jenny, and McDonald, Malcolm
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- 2018
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21. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adult physical activity and sport participation: facilitators and barriers
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Macniven, Rona, Allen, Bridget, Canuto, Karla, Lewis, Ebony, Gwynn, Josephine, Radford, Kylie, Delbaere, Kim, Richards, Justin, Lovell, Nigel, Dickson, Michelle, and Evans, John
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Background: Physical activity has cultural significance as well as population health and other benefits. A range of factors may influence Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adult participation. Purpose: This mixed methods systematic review synthesised existing evidence on facilitators and barriers for physical activity participation experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults. Methods: Joanna Briggs Institute methodology was used. A systematic search was undertaken of 11 databases and 14 grey literature websites during 2020. Included studies reported physical activity facilitators and barriers experienced by Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander participants aged 18+ years, living in their usual community. We also examined Indigenous capacity building characteristics of studies and appraised studies using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool (QAT). Results: Twenty-seven studies met inclusion criteria, 22 studies involved local Indigenous communities, of which nine collaborated with local Indigenous organisations. Study methodological quality was generally high according to the MMAT but much poorer or unclear from an Indigenous appraisal perspective. Sixty-two different facilitators and 63 different barriers were identified across individual, interpersonal, community/environmental and policy/program themes. Prominent facilitators included support from family, friends, and program staff, and opportunities to connect with community or culture. Prominent barriers included a lack of transport, financial constraints, lack of time, and overriding work, family or cultural commitments. Conclusions: Strategies to increase physical activity participation should seek to enhance facilitators and address barriers, collaboratively with communities and with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leadership. Funding: This research was supported by funding from the UNSW Ageing Futures Institute., The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
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- 2022
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22. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health promotion programs for the prevention and management of chronic diseases: a scoping review protocol
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Canuto, Karla, Aromataris, Edoardo, Lockwood, Craig, Tufanaru, Catalin, and Brown, Alex
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- 2017
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23. Commentary: Improving access to cardiac rehabilitation (Heart: Road for health) for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in rural and remote areas of North Queensland.
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Field, Patricia, Franklin, Richard C., Barker, Ruth, Ring, Ian, Leggat, Peter, and Canuto, Karla
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INDIGENOUS Australians ,HEALTH policy ,HEALTH services accessibility ,SOCIAL determinants of health ,RURAL conditions ,HEALTH of indigenous peoples ,MEDICAL care ,COMMUNITY health services ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,CARDIAC rehabilitation ,COMMUNICATION ,REHABILITATION ,HEALTH promotion - Abstract
Aims: To focus on the needs, challenges and opportunities to improve access to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) (Heart: Road to health [HRH]) for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in rural and remote (R&R) areas of North Queensland. Context: It is known that there is insufficient access to HRH for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in R&R areas of NQ, who have the highest rates of heart disease and socioeconomic disadvantage mainly due to poor social determinants of health. However, at least in part due to the impact of colonialism and predominantly western medicalised approach to health care, few gains have been made. Approach: This commentary draws on recent research and literature and reflects on cultural issues that impact on improving access to an HRH for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in R&R areas. The underutilisation of the skills of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workers (ATSIHW) and a lack of a defined process to ensure access to culturally responsive HRH are discussed. Finally, a way forward is proposed that includes the development of policies, pathways and guidelines to ensure that appropriate support is available in the client's home community. Conclusion: It is proposed that culturally responsive, accessible and effective HRH is achievable through the reorientation of current health systems that include a continuous client‐centred pathway from hospital to home. In this model, ATSIHW will take a lead or partnership role in which their clinical, cultural brokerage and health promotion skills are fully utilised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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24. Young-Onset Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinoma Incidence and Survival Trends in the Northern Territory, Australia, with Emphasis on Indigenous Peoples.
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Shepherdson, Mia, Leemaqz, Shalem, Singh, Gurmeet, Ryder, Courtney, Ullah, Shahid, Canuto, Karla, Young, Joanne P., Price, Timothy J., McKinnon, Ross A., Pandol, Stephen J., Roberts, Claire T., and Barreto, Savio George
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TUMOR classification ,ADENOCARCINOMA ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,CROSS-sectional method ,DISEASE incidence ,REGRESSION analysis ,PATIENT-centered care ,GASTROINTESTINAL tumors ,AGE factors in disease ,LONGITUDINAL method ,POISSON distribution ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models - Abstract
Simple Summary: This study from the Australian Northern Territory's Cancer Registry data provides evidence for a significant decrease in incidence of gastrointestinal (oesophageal, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, and pancreas) adenocarcinomas over the last 3 decades in individuals aged >50 years, whilst the younger (18–50 years) cohort has remained unchanged with a (non-significant) trend towards an increase. There has been a significantly improved overall survival in both age cohorts. An insight into these trends amongst Australia's Indigenous (who constitute 31% of the territory's population) confirms that while the incidence was significantly lower in Indigenous patients compared to non-Indigenous patients, in both age cohorts, Indigenous patients had worse survival rates. This study calls for a concerted effort aimed at investigating the existence of modifiable sociodemographic factors underlying these disturbing trends. There is a need to enhance preventative strategies, as well as to improve the delivery of cancer care and its uptake amongst Indigenous peoples. Background and Aims: A concerning rise in incidence of young-onset cancers globally led to the examination of trends in incidence and survival of gastrointestinal (GI) adenocarcinomas in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia, over a 28-year period, with a special emphasis on Indigenous peoples. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis of a prospective longitudinal database, NT Cancer Registry (1990–2017), includes all reported cases of GI (oesophagus, gastric, small intestinal, pancreas, colon, and rectum) adenocarcinomas. Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence ratio ratios, and survival was modelled using Cox proportional hazard models separately for people aged 18–50 years and >50 years. Results: A total of 1608 cases of GI adenocarcinoma were recorded during the time of the study. While the overall incidence in people 18–50 years remained unchanged over this time (p = 0.51), the rate in individuals aged >50 years decreased (IRR = 0.65 (95% CI 0.56–0.75; p < 0.0001)). Incidence rates were significantly less in females >50 years (IRR = 0.67 95% CI 0.59–0.75; p < 0.0001), and their survival was significantly better (HR = 0.84 (95%CI 0.72–0.98; p < 0.03)) compared to males. Overall survival across all GI subsites improved in both age cohorts, especially between 2010 and 2017 (HR = 0.45 (95%CI 0.29–0.72; p < 0.0007) and HR = 0.64 (95%CI 0.52–0.78; p < 0.0001), respectively) compared to 1990–1999, driven by an improvement in survival in colonic adenocarcinoma alone, as the survival remained unchanged in other GI subsites. The incidence was significantly lower in Indigenous patients compared to non-Indigenous patients, in both age cohorts (18–50 years IRR = 0.68 95% CI 0.51–0.91; p < 0.009 and >50 years IRR = 0.48 95% CI 0.40–0.57; p < 0.0001). However, Indigenous patients had worse survival rates (18–50 years HR = 2.06 95% CI 1.36–3.11; p < 0.0007 and >50 years HR = 1.66 95% CI 1.32–2.08; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: There is a trend towards an increased incidence of young-onset GI adenocarcinomas in the NT. Young Indigenous patients have lower incidence but worse survival across all GI subsites, highlighting significant health inequities in life expectancy. Targeted, culturally safe Indigenous community-focussed programs are needed for early detection and patient-centred management of GI adenocarcinomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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25. Importance of cardiac rehabilitation in rural and remote areas of Australia.
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Field, Patricia, Franklin, Richard C., Barker, Ruth, Ring, Ian, Leggat, Peter, and Canuto, Karla
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RESEARCH ,RURAL conditions ,RESEARCH methodology ,QUANTITATIVE research ,TERTIARY care ,INTERVIEWING ,QUALITATIVE research ,DISEASE relapse ,CARDIAC rehabilitation ,RESEARCH funding ,THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
Objective: To assess implementation of in‐patient cardiac rehabilitation (Phase‐1‐cardiac rehabilitation), impact on people in rural and remote areas of Australia and potential methods for addressing identified weaknesses. Design: Exploratory case study methodology using qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data collection via semi‐structured interviews, using thematic analysis, augmented by quantitative data collection via a medical record audit. Setting: Four regional hospitals (2 Queensland Health and 2 private) providing tertiary health care. Participants: (a) Hospital in‐patients with heart disease ≥18 years. (b) Staff responsible for their care. Outcome Measures: Implementation of Phase‐1‐cardiac rehabilitation in tertiary hosptials in North Queensland and the impact on in‐patients discharge planning and post discharge care. Recommentations and implications for practice are proposed to address deficits. Results: Phase‐1‐cardiac rehabilitation implementation rates, in‐patient understanding and multidisciplinary team involvement were low. The highest rates of Phase‐1‐cardiac rehabilitation were for in‐patients with a length of stay three days or more in cardiac units with cardiac educators. Rates were lower in cardiac units with no cardiac educators, and lowest for in‐patients in all areas of all hospitals with length of stay of two days or less days. Low Phase‐1‐cardiac rehabilitation implementation rates resulted in poor in‐patient understanding about their disease, treatment and post‐discharge care. Further, medical discharge summaries rarely mentioned cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention or risk factor management resulting in a lack of information for health care providers on cardiac rehabilitation and holistic health care. Conclusion: Implementation of Phase‐1‐cardiac rehabilitation in regional hospitals in this study fell short of recommended best practice, resulting in patients' poor preparation for discharge, and insufficient information on holistic care for health care providers in rural and remote areas. These factors potentially impact on holistic care for people returning home following treatment for heart disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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26. Improving access to cardiac rehabilitation in rural and remote areas: a protocol for a community-based qualitative case study.
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Field, Patricia E., Franklin, Richard C., Barker, Ruth, Ring, Ian, Leggat, Peter, and Canuto, Karla
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INDIGENOUS Australians ,HEALTH services accessibility ,RURAL health services ,FOCUS groups ,HUMAN research subjects ,SAMPLE size (Statistics) ,RESEARCH methodology ,COMMUNITY health services ,INTERVIEWING ,QUALITATIVE research ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,INFORMED consent (Medical law) ,CARDIAC rehabilitation ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,JUDGMENT sampling ,STATISTICAL correlation ,HEART diseases - Abstract
Background/Aims Heart disease is the largest single cause of death and contributes to poor quality of life and high healthcare costs in Australia. There are higher rates of heart disease in rural and remote areas, with the highest rates in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Cardiac rehabilitation is known to improve health outcomes for people with heart disease but referral rates remain low (30.2% overall and 46% following acute coronary syndrome) in Australia. Further, access to cardiac rehabilitation in rural and remote areas is affected by there being few centre-based services, and poor use of home-based services. The aim of this protocol is to investigate: (i) understanding of cardiac rehabilitation by health staff, community leaders and community participants discharged from hospital following treatment for heart disease; (ii) access and support for cardiac rehabilitation in rural and remote areas via health service availability in each community. Methods A qualitative case study methodology, using an interpretive descriptive framework, will be used together with content analysis that will encompass identification of themes through a deductive/inductive process. Conclusions To improve access to services and health outcomes in rural and remote areas, a strong evidence base is essential. To achieve this, as well as having appropriate methodology, it is necessary to build relationships and trust with local communities and healthcare providers. This research protocol describes a qualitative community-based case study, together with processes to build sound relationships required for effective data collection through semi-structured interviews or focus groups. Each step of the pre-research planning data collection and analysis is described in detail for the guidance of future researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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27. The need for a roadmap to guide actions for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescent health: youth governance as an essential foundation.
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Westhead, Seth, Appleby, Quinton, Andrews, Brittney, Brodie, Tina, Brown, Alex, Canuto, Karla, Cooke, Josh, Garay, Mahlia, Harrington, Thomas, Hunter, Djai, Kennedy, Corey, Lenoy, Jaeda, Lester, Olivia, McCleary, Hannah, Pearson, Odette, Randall, Lorraine, Reilly, Rachel, Rose, Hamish, Rosendale, Daniel, and Telfer, Jakirah
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Population health, Population policy, Health policy, Adolescence, Public policy For these reasons, adolescent health is a core focus for health policy and action, not only for Indigenous peoples but all populations. Keywords: Population health; Population policy; Health policy; Adolescence; Public policy EN Population health Population policy Health policy Adolescence Public policy 13 15 3 07/05/22 20220701 NES 220701 The current lack of a national strategy for Indigenous adolescent health in Australia is a glaring gap Adolescence (10-24 years of age) is now recognised as a key developmental window for the health of individuals, their communities and the next generation.1 One-third of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) population in Australia are adolescents,2 and our earlier work has shown that Indigenous adolescents have distinct health needs largely unmet by existing policies and services.3 Fundamentally, adolescence is a dynamic developmental phase characterised by transitions in the social and cultural determinants of health - - key targets for addressing health inequities experienced by Indigenous Australians. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2022
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28. Facilitators and barriers to physical activity participation experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults: a mixed methods systematic review protocol.
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Macniven, Rona, Canuto, Karla J., and Evans, John R.
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- 2021
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29. Australia in 2030: what is our path to health for all?
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Backholer, Kathryn, Baum, Fran, Finlay, Summer M, Friel, Sharon, Giles-Corti, Billie, Jones, Alexandra, Patrick, Rebecca, Shill, Jane, Townsend, Belinda, Armstrong, Fiona, Baker, Phil, Bowen, Kathryn, Browne, Jennifer, Büsst, Cara, Butt, Andrew, Canuto, Karla, Canuto, Kootsy, Capon, Anthony, Corben, Kirstan, and Daube, Mike
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CHAPTER 1: HOW AUSTRALIA IMPROVED HEALTH EQUITY THROUGH ACTION ON THE SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: Do not think that the social determinants of health equity are old hat. In reality, Australia is very far away from addressing the societal level drivers of health inequity. There is little progressive policy that touches on the conditions of daily life that matter for health, and action to redress inequities in power, money and resources is almost non-existent. In this chapter we ask you to pause this reality and come on a fantastic journey where we envisage how COVID-19 was a great disruptor and accelerator of positive progressive action. We offer glimmers of what life could be like if there was committed and real policy action on the social determinants of health equity. It is vital that the health sector assists in convening the multisectoral stakeholders necessary to turn this fantasy into reality. CHAPTER 2: ABORIGINAL AND TORRES STRAIT ISLANDER CONNECTION TO CULTURE: BUILDING STRONGER INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE WELLBEING: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have long maintained that culture (ie, practising, maintaining and reclaiming it) is vital to good health and wellbeing. However, this knowledge and understanding has been dismissed or described as anecdotal or intangible by Western research methods and science. As a result, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture is a poorly acknowledged determinant of health and wellbeing, despite its significant role in shaping individuals, communities and societies. By extension, the cultural determinants of health have been poorly defined until recently. However, an increasing amount of scientific evidence supports what Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have always said - that strong culture plays a significant and positive role in improved health and wellbeing. Owing to known gaps in knowledge, we aim to define the cultural determinants of health and describe their relationship with the social determinants of health, to provide a full understanding of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander wellbeing. We provide examples of evidence on cultural determinants of health and links to improved Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and wellbeing. We also discuss future research directions that will enable a deeper understanding of the cultural determinants of health for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. CHAPTER 3: PHYSICAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: HEALTHY, LIVEABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES: Good city planning is essential for protecting and improving human and planetary health. Until recently, however, collaboration between city planners and the public health sector has languished. We review the evidence on the health benefits of good city planning and propose an agenda for public health advocacy relating to health-promoting city planning for all by 2030. Over the next 10 years, there is an urgent need for public health leaders to collaborate with city planners - to advocate for evidence-informed policy, and to evaluate the health effects of city planning efforts. Importantly, we need integrated planning across and between all levels of government and sectors, to create healthy, liveable and sustainable cities for all. CHAPTER 4: HEALTH PROMOTION IN THE ANTHROPOCENE: THE ECOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: Human health is inextricably linked to the health of the natural environment. In this chapter, we focus on ecological determinants of health, including the urgent and critical threats to the natural environment, and opportunities for health promotion arising from the human health co-benefits of actions to protect the health of the planet. We characterise ecological determinants in the Anthropocene and provide a sobering snapshot of planetary health science, particularly the momentous climate change health impacts in Australia. We highlight Australia's position as a major fossil fuel producer and exporter, and a country lacking cohesive and timely emissions reduction policy. We offer a roadmap for action, with four priority directions, and point to a scaffold of guiding approaches - planetary health, Indigenous people's knowledge systems, ecological economics, health co-benefits and climate-resilient development. Our situation requires a paradigm shift, and this demands a recalibration of health promotion education, research and practice in Australia over the coming decade. CHAPTER 5: DISRUPTING THE COMMERCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: Our vision for 2030 is an Australian economy that promotes optimal human and planetary health for current and future generations. To achieve this, current patterns of corporate practice and consumption of harmful commodities and services need to change. In this chapter, we suggest ways forward for Australia, focusing on pragmatic actions that can be taken now to redress the power imbalances between corporations and Australian governments and citizens. We begin by exploring how the terms of health policy making must change to protect it from conflicted commercial interests. We also examine how marketing unhealthy products and services can be more effectively regulated, and how healthier business practices can be incentivised. Finally, we make recommendations on how various public health stakeholders can hold corporations to account, to ensure that people come before profits in a healthy and prosperous future Australia. CHAPTER 6: DIGITAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION: We live in an age of rapid and exponential technological change. Extraordinary digital advancements and the fusion of technologies, such as artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things and quantum computing constitute what is often referred to as the digital revolution or the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0). Reflections on the future of public health and health promotion require thorough consideration of the role of digital technologies and the systems they influence. Just how the digital revolution will unfold is unknown, but it is clear that advancements and integrations of technologies will fundamentally influence our health and wellbeing in the future. The public health response must be proactive, involving many stakeholders, and thoughtfully considered to ensure equitable and ethical applications and use. CHAPTER 7: GOVERNANCE FOR HEALTH AND EQUITY: A VISION FOR OUR FUTURE: Coronavirus disease 2019 has caused many people and communities to take stock on Australia's direction in relation to health, community, jobs, environmental sustainability, income and wealth. A desire for change is in the air. This chapter imagines how changes in the way we govern our lives and what we value as a society could solve many of the issues Australia is facing - most pressingly, the climate crisis and growing economic and health inequities. We present an imagined future for 2030 where governance structures are designed to ensure transparent and fair behaviour from those in power and to increase the involvement of citizens in these decisions, including a constitutional voice for Indigenous peoples. We imagine that these changes were made by measuring social progress in new ways, ensuring taxation for public good, enshrining human rights (including to health) in legislation, and protecting and encouraging an independent media. Measures to overcome the climate crisis were adopted and democratic processes introduced in the provision of housing, education and community development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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30. Study protocol: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial of a 12-week physical activity and nutritional education program for overweight Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women
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Cargo Margaret, McDermott Robyn A, Canuto Karla J, and Esterman Adrian J
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women have a higher prevalence and incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes than non-Indigenous Australian women. Physical inactivity is a key modifiable risk factor for obesity and evidence shows that even modest reductions in waist circumference (WC) have significant health benefits. Trialing physical activity programs in difficult-to-reach high risk groups, especially urban Indigenous Australians poses distinct implementation challenges. Methods/Design The trial objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured 12-week physical activity group program with nutritional advice. The design is a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. This study protocol describes the implementation and evaluation of the program. Participants are randomised into either an intervention or waitlisted group. The waitlisted group have a 12 month waiting period before commencing the 12-week program. Participant data is collected at baseline, 12, 24 and 52 weeks. Participants are Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, aged 18-64 years with a waist circumference greater than 80 centimetres residing in Adelaide. The primary outcome measure is WC change immediately post program from baseline. Secondary outcomes include short term and long term changes in WC, weight, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (calculated HOMA), haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), triglycerides and C-reactive protein (CRP). Behavioural and psychosocial surveys are administered to assess physical activity, dietary intake and the participant's motivation, self-efficacy and perceived social support for physical activity. Qualitative interviews focusing on participants' motivation, enablers and barriers to healthy eating and physical activity will be undertaken. Implementation fidelity and participation are also assessed. Discussion The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women's Fitness Program (WFP) is designed to provide a rigorous physiological and client-based evaluation of a structured 12-week program aimed to increase metabolic fitness and reduce WC in this high risk population. Evaluation results aim to provide the support necessary to design programs that are accessible, affordable and effective at reducing WC, while also improving the metabolic profile of overweight Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12610000224022
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- 2011
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31. Heart disease, hospitalisation and referral: Coaching to Achieving Cardiovascular Health through cardiac rehabilitation in Queensland.
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Field, Patricia, Franklin, Richard C, Barker, Ruth, Ring, Ian, Leggat, Peter, and Canuto, Karla
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CARDIOVASCULAR disease prevention ,ABORIGINAL Australians ,CHI-squared test ,COMPARATIVE studies ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,COUNSELING ,DEMOGRAPHY ,EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research ,HEALTH services accessibility ,HEART diseases ,CARDIAC rehabilitation ,HOSPITAL care ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL referrals ,PATIENT education ,SEX distribution ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Objectives: To describe rates of hospitalisation and Coaching on Achieving Cardiovascular Health referral, for Queensland's adults with heart and related disease, and comparisons between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non‐Indigenous peoples in northern Queensland. Design: Descriptive retrospective epidemiological study of Queensland Health Patient Admission Data Collection for adults with heart and related disease, and Coaching on Achieving Cardiovascular Health referral data. Relative risk and age standardisation were calculated for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non‐Indigenous peoples. Participants: Queensland's adults ≥20 years, hospitalised with heart and related disease (1 January 2012‐31 December 2016). Setting: Queensland, Australia. Main outcome measures: Queensland Health Hospital and Health Services' hospitalisation and Coaching on Achieving Cardiovascular Health referral rates for heart and related disease. Results: Queensland's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have a higher hospitalisation rate for heart and related disease, with higher rates for northern Queensland. Queensland's overall Coaching on Achieving Cardiovascular Health referral rates were low, but higher for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Deficiencies in documentation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people's status affected results in some areas. Conclusion: Queensland's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples were more likely to be admitted to hospital for heart and related disease and referred to Coaching on Achieving Cardiovascular Health than non‐Indigenous peoples. However, hospitalisation and Coaching on Achieving Cardiovascular Health referral rates are unlikely to reflect the needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples especially in rural and very remote areas given their higher mortality and morbidity rates and fewer services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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32. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men and parenting: a scoping review.
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Canuto, Kootsy, Harfield, Stephen G., Canuto, Karla J., and Brown, Alex
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INDIGENOUS Australians ,ABORIGINAL Australians ,MEDLINE ,MEN ,ONLINE information services ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,LITERATURE reviews ,HUMAN services programs ,PARENTING education - Abstract
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men rarely rate a mention within discussions of parenting unless framed in the negative, or as the cause of dysfunctional family life. Consequently, the roles and responsibilities of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men within parenting have largely been neglected or ignored. This scoping review aimed to identify and describe Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parenting programs that focused on male parents. A comprehensive search was conducted of databases, PubMed and Informit ATSIhealth, to identify peer-review publications, while relevant websites were also searched for grey literature. The review identified eight programs that met the inclusion criteria. The review highlights the lack of rigorously researched and published literature on parenting programs that focus on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander male parents. The programs all reported positive outcomes and demonstrate that given the opportunity, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander male parents are ready and determined to fulfil their roles and responsibilities as parents to the best of their ability for the benefit of their families and communities. The provision of inclusive parenting programs and services will equip Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander male parents to better support their families during these important times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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33. The "ripple effect": Health and community perceptions of the Indigenous Marathon Program on Thursday Island in the Torres Strait, Australia.
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Macniven, Rona, Plater, Suzanne, Canuto, Karla, Dickson, Michelle, Gwynn, Josephine, Bauman, Adrian, and Richards, Justin
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PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects of running ,PHYSICAL activity ,ABORIGINAL Australians ,SOCIAL support ,QUALITY of life - Abstract
Issue Addressed: Physical inactivity is a key health risk among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) Australians. We examined perceptions of the Indigenous Marathon Program (IMP) in a remote Torres Strait island community.Methods: Semi-structured interviews with community and program stakeholders (n = 18; 14 Indigenous) examined barriers and enablers to running and the influence of the IMP on the community. A questionnaire asked 104 running event participants (n = 42 Indigenous) about their physical activity behaviours, running motivation and perceptions of program impact. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic content analysis, and quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: Interviews revealed six main themes: community readiness, changing social norms to adopt healthy lifestyles, importance of social support, program appeal to hard-to-reach population groups, program sustainability and initiation of broader healthy lifestyle ripple effects beyond running. Barriers to running in the community were personal (cultural attitudes; shyness) and environmental (infrastructure; weather; dogs). Enablers reflected potential strategies to overcome described barriers. Indigenous questionnaire respondents were more likely to report being inspired to run by IMP runners than non-Indigenous respondents.Conclusions: Positive "ripple" effects of the IMP on running and broader health were described to have occurred through local role modelling of healthy lifestyles by IMP runners that reduced levels of "shame" and embarrassment, a common barrier to physical activity among Indigenous Australians. A high initial level of community readiness for behaviour change was also reported. SO WHAT?: Strategies to overcome this "shame" factor and community readiness measurement should be incorporated into the design of future Indigenous physical activity programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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34. Improved life expectancy for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in the Northern Territory, 1999-2018: overall and by underlying cause of death.
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Canuto, Kootsy, Canuto, Karla J, Bonson, Jason, and Smith, James
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- 2022
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35. Characteristics and value of Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organizations' primary health care and their financing needs: a protocol for systematic evidence reviews.
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Gomersall, Judith Streak, Aromataris, Edoardo, Brown, Alex, Dwyer, Judith, Stephenson, Matthew, O’Donnell, Kim, Canuto, Karla, Carter, Drew, and Gibson, Odette
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- 2015
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36. Participant views on participating in a pragmatic randomised controlled trial: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women's Fitness Program.
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Canuto, Karla, McDermott, Robyn, and Cargo, Margaret
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STATISTICAL sampling , *PATIENT selection , *COMPARATIVE studies , *ENERGY metabolism , *EXPERIMENTAL design , *HEALTH , *INDIGENOUS peoples , *INTERVIEWING , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *PHYSICAL fitness , *RESEARCH funding , *WOMEN'S health , *INFORMATION resources , *QUALITATIVE research , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *CONTROL groups , *HUMAN research subjects , *PATIENTS' attitudes , *WAIST circumference , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Introduction The inequity of randomising participants to control groups in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is often considered inappropriate, especially for research trials that include vulnerable populations such as Indigenous peoples. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women's Fitness Program conducted a trial that randomly assigned participants to 'active' and 'waitlisted' groups. This paper reports on participant views of the randomisation protocol. Methods A pragmatic RCT was conducted in an urban setting to assess the effectiveness of the 12-week Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women's Fitness Program on metabolic health outcomes and waist circumference. Qualitative interviews were conducted at follow-up, one of the objectives was to explore participant perspectives on the research protocol, including participant randomisation to 'Active' and 'Waitlisted' groups. Results A total of 49 interviews were conducted (26 Active and 23 Waitlisted participants).Two key factors influenced participant views on the protocol: 1) group assignment; and 2) how well they understood the research design, including the justification for randomisation. 'Active' participants were concerned about the inequity of the randomisation process but overall supported the study protocol. Although most Waitlisted participants were disappointed about having to wait 12-months for the program, some participants derived motivation from being waitlisted, whilst others lost motivation. Well-informed participants were more likely to express both support for the randomisation process and an understanding of the research benefits than participants not attending an information session prior to registration. Conclusions Participants were more accepting of the research protocol if it was clearly explained to them, if they understood the randomisation process and felt the randomisation was justified in terms of the potential for the results to benefit other Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. Our study suggests that the time and resources required to adequately explain the research protocol in research trials should not be undervalued. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12610000224022). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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37. Factors influencing attendance in a structured physical activity program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in an urban setting: a mixed methods process evaluation.
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Canuto, Karla J., Spagnoletti, Belinda, McDermott, Robyn A., and Cargo, Margaret
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ANTHROPOMETRY , *BEHAVIOR modification , *BLOOD testing , *CLINICAL trials , *CUSTOMER satisfaction , *HEALTH behavior , *HEALTH status indicators , *INDIGENOUS peoples , *INTERVIEWING , *LONGITUDINAL method , *RESEARCH methodology , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *NUTRITION education , *PATIENT compliance , *PHYSICAL education , *RESEARCH funding , *TIME , *WOMEN , *CITY dwellers , *THEMATIC analysis , *FAMILY roles , *CONTROL groups - Abstract
Background: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women experience higher rates of obesity, chronic disease, and are less active than non-Indigenous Australian women. Lifestyle programs designed to increase physical activity and encourage healthy eating are needed to ameliorate this disparity. The aim of this study was to identify participants' perceived barriers and enablers to attend group exercise classes as part of a 12-week fitness program. Methods: To understand the factors that influence attendance, a mixed method process evaluation was undertaken in which a quantitative measure of attendance in the group exercise classes was used to identify cases for further qualitative investigation. Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander women aged 18 to 64 years were recruited to a research trial of a fitness program. The 12-week program included two 60-minute group exercise classes per week, and four nutrition education workshops. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at program completion. Participants were stratified by attendance, and interviews from the highest and lowest 25 percentiles analysed. Rigour was strengthened through use of multiple data analysts, member checking and prolonged engagement in the field. Results: Analyses of the post-program interviews revealed that participants enrolled in the program primarily for the perceived health benefits and all (with one exception) found the program met their needs and expectations. The atmosphere of classes was positive and comfortable and they reported developing good relationships with their fellow participants and program staff. Low attendees described more barriers to attendance, such as illness and competing work and family obligations, and were more likely to report logistical issues, such as inconvenient venue or class times. Conclusions: Attendance to the 'Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women's Fitness Program' was primarily influenced by the participant's personal health, logistics and competing obligations. Low attendees reported more barriers during the 12-week period and identified fewer enabling factors than high attendees. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12610000224022 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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38. Pragmatic randomised trial of a 12-week exercise and nutrition program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women: clinical results immediate post and 3 months follow-up.
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Canuto, Karla, Cargo, Margaret, Li, Ming, D'Onise, Katina, Esterman, Adrian, and McDermott, Robyn
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- *
RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *BIOMARKERS , *BODY mass index , *COHORT analysis , *BLOOD pressure , *HEALTH outcome assessment - Abstract
Background: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women experience higher rates of heart disease and type 2 diabetes than non-Indigenous Australian women. Increasing physical activity, improving diets and losing weight have been shown to reduce cardio metabolic risk. The primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-week structured exercise and nutrition program in a cohort of urban Indigenous Australian women on waist circumference, weight and biomedical markers of metabolic functioning from baseline (T1) to program completion (T2). The secondary aim assessed whether these outcomes were maintained at 3-month follow-up Methods: One hundred Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander women aged 18-64 years living in the Adelaide metropolitan area were recruited. The program included two 60-minute group cardiovascular and resistance training classes per week, and four nutrition education workshops. Participants were randomly assigned to an 'active' group or 'waitlisted' control group. Body weight, height, waist and hip circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), lipid profile and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed at baseline (T1), immediately after the program (T2) and three months post program (T3). Results: The active group showed modest reductions in weight and body mass index (BMI). Compared to the waitlisted group, the active group had a statistically significantly change in weight and BMI from baseline assessments; at T2, -1.65 kg and -0.66 kg/m² and at T3, -2.50 kg and -1.03 kg/m², respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure also had a statistically significant difference from baseline in the active group compared to the waitlisted group at T2, -1.24 mmHg and -2.46 mmHg and at T3, -4.09 mmHg and -2.17 mmHg, respectively. The findings were independent of the baseline measure of the outcome variable, age, households with children and employment status. Changes in waist circumference and other clinical measures were not significant at T2 or T3. The primary outcome measure, waist circumference, proved problematic to assess reliably. Missing data and participants lost to follow-up were significant. Conclusions: This 12-week exercise program demonstrated modest reductions in weight, BMI and blood pressure at T2, which improved further at 3-month follow-up (T3). Positive intervention effects were observed despite low attendance at exercise classes. Structured exercise programs implemented in community settings require attention to understanding the barriers to participation for this high risk group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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39. Facilitators and Barriers to Physical Activity and Sport Participation Experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Adults: A Mixed Method Review.
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Allen, Bridget, Canuto, Karla, Evans, John Robert, Lewis, Ebony, Gwynn, Josephine, Radford, Kylie, Delbaere, Kim, Richards, Justin, Lovell, Nigel, Dickson, Michelle, and Macniven, Rona
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- 2021
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40. The Adaptation of a Youth Diabetes Prevention Program for Aboriginal Children in Central Australia: Community Perspectives.
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Rohit, Athira, McCarthy, Leisa, Mack, Shiree, Silver, Bronwyn, Turner, Sabella, Baur, Louise A., Canuto, Karla, Boffa, John, Dabelea, Dana, Sauder, Katherine A., Maple-Brown, Louise, and Kirkham, Renae
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- 2021
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41. Cancer treatment and the risk of cancer death among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal South Australians: analysis of a matched cohort study.
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Banham, David, Roder, David, Eckert, Marion, Howard, Natasha J., Canuto, Karla, Brown, Alex, and CanDAD Aboriginal Community Reference Group and other CanDAD Investigators
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CANCER treatment ,TORRES Strait Islanders ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,COHORT analysis ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians have poorer cancer outcomes than other Australians. Comparatively little is known of the type and amount of cancer treatment provided to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and the consequences for cancer survival. This study quantifies the influence of surgical, systemic and radiotherapy treatment on risk of cancer death among matched cohorts of cancer cases and, the comparative exposure of cohorts to these treatments.Methods: Cancers registered among Aboriginal South Australians in 1990-2010 (N = 777) were matched with randomly selected non-Indigenous cases by sex, birth and diagnostic year, and primary site, then linked to administrative cancer treatment for the period from 2 months before to 13 months after diagnosis. Competing risk regression summarised associations of Indigenous status, geographic remoteness, comorbidities, cancer stage and treatment exposure with risk of cancer death.Results: Fewer Aboriginal cases had localised disease at diagnosis (37.2% versus 50.2%) and they were less likely to: experience hospitalisation with cancer diagnosis, unadjusted odds ratio (UOR) = 0.76; 95%CI = 0.59-0.98; have surgery UOR = 0.65; 95%CI = 0.53-0.80; systemic therapies UOR = 0.64; 95%CI = 0.52-0.78; or radiotherapy, UOR = 0.76; 95%CI = 0.63-0.94. Localised disease carried lower risk of cancer death compared to advanced cases receiving surgery or systemic therapies, SHR = 0.34; 95%CI = 0.25-0.47 and SHR = 0.35; 95%CI = 0.25-0.48. Advanced disease and no treatment carried higher risk of cancer death, SHR = 1.82; 95%CI = 1.26-2.63.Conclusion: The effects of treatment did not differ between Aboriginal and non-Indigenous cohorts. However, comparatively less exposure to surgical and systemic treatments among Aboriginal cancer cases further complicated the disadvantages associated with geographic remoteness, advanced stage of disease and co-morbid conditions at diagnosis and add to disparities in cancer death. System level responses to improving access, utilisation and quality of effective treatments are needed to improve survival after cancer diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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42. Healthy Choice Rewards: A Feasibility Trial of Incentives to Influence Consumer Food Choices in a Remote Australian Aboriginal Community.
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Brown, Clare, Laws, Cara, Leonard, Dympna, Campbell, Sandy, Merone, Lea, Hammond, Melinda, Thompson, Kani, Canuto, Karla, and Brimblecombe, Julie
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- 2019
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43. The potential for tailored screening to reduce bowel cancer mortality for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia: modelling study
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Jie-Bin Lew, Eleonora Feletto, Joachim Worthington, David Roder, Karla Canuto, Caroline Miller, Katina D’Onise, Karen Canfell, Lew, Jie-Bin, Feletto, Eleonora, Worthington, Joachim, Roder, David, Canuto, Karla, Miller, Caroline, D'Onise, Katina, and Canfell, Karen
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Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ,Oncology ,Health Policy ,Australia ,Humans ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,Indigenous Peoples ,Indigenous population ,colorectal cancer screening ,cost-effectiveness ,Early Detection of Cancer ,Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples - Abstract
Refereed/Peer-reviewed Background: Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience health and socioeconomic disparities, including lower life-expectancy, have a younger mean age of colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis, and lower CRC survival than non-Indigenous Australians. The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) provides biennial CRC screening for Australians aged 50–74 years to reduce the burden of CRC. The 2019 participation rate was 42% nationwide and 23% in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, this study aims to estimate the health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of the current NBCSP and extensions to include people < 50 years. Methods: An existing microsimulation model, Policy1-Bowel, was adapted to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population and was used to evaluate three strategies assuming biennial iFOBT screening from 50-74, 45–74, or 40–74 years under two participation scenarios: 23% and 42% per screening round (psr.). Results: At 23–42% participation psr., the current NBCSP was predicted to reduce lifetime CRC incidence and mortality by 14–24% and 23–39%, respectively, be cost-effective (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio 95 (> 60). Conclusion: For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, the current NBCSP is cost-effective but participation is limited. Lowering the screening start age will further reduce CRC incidence and mortality. Policy summary: These findings highlight a need to increase NBCSP participation whilst exploring the feasibility and acceptability of lowering the NBCSP start age for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. These findings could inform new co-designed, community-led strategies to improve CRC outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
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- 2022
44. Cancer treatment and the risk of cancer death among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal South Australians: analysis of a matched cohort study
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David Banham, David Roder, Marion Eckert, Natasha J. Howard, Karla Canuto, Alex Brown, for the CanDAD Aboriginal Community Reference Group and other CanDAD Investigators, Banham, David, Roder, David, Eckert, Marion, Howard, Natasha J., Canuto, Karla, and Brown, Alex
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ,Survival ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Disease ,Lower risk ,survival ,Risk Assessment ,cancer treatment ,Health administration ,aboriginal ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Neoplasms ,Cancer screening ,South Australia ,medicine ,cancer ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aboriginal ,Aged ,Cancer ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Public health ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Disparity ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Indigenous ,3. Good health ,Radiation therapy ,Treatment Outcome ,disparity ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer treatment ,Female ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians have poorer cancer outcomes than other Australians. Comparatively little is known of the type and amount of cancer treatment provided to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and the consequences for cancer survival. This study quantifies the influence of surgical, systemic and radiotherapy treatment on risk of cancer death among matched cohorts of cancer cases and, the comparative exposure of cohorts to these treatments. Methods Cancers registered among Aboriginal South Australians in 1990–2010 (N = 777) were matched with randomly selected non-Indigenous cases by sex, birth and diagnostic year, and primary site, then linked to administrative cancer treatment for the period from 2 months before to 13 months after diagnosis. Competing risk regression summarised associations of Indigenous status, geographic remoteness, comorbidities, cancer stage and treatment exposure with risk of cancer death. Results Fewer Aboriginal cases had localised disease at diagnosis (37.2% versus 50.2%) and they were less likely to: experience hospitalisation with cancer diagnosis, unadjusted odds ratio (UOR) = 0.76; 95%CI = 0.59–0.98; have surgery UOR = 0.65; 95%CI = 0.53–0.80; systemic therapies UOR = 0.64; 95%CI = 0.52–0.78; or radiotherapy, UOR = 0.76; 95%CI = 0.63–0.94. Localised disease carried lower risk of cancer death compared to advanced cases receiving surgery or systemic therapies, SHR = 0.34; 95%CI = 0.25–0.47 and SHR = 0.35; 95%CI = 0.25–0.48. Advanced disease and no treatment carried higher risk of cancer death, SHR = 1.82; 95%CI = 1.26–2.63. Conclusion The effects of treatment did not differ between Aboriginal and non-Indigenous cohorts. However, comparatively less exposure to surgical and systemic treatments among Aboriginal cancer cases further complicated the disadvantages associated with geographic remoteness, advanced stage of disease and co-morbid conditions at diagnosis and add to disparities in cancer death. System level responses to improving access, utilisation and quality of effective treatments are needed to improve survival after cancer diagnosis.
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- 2019
45. Disparities in breast screening, stage at diagnosis, cancer treatment and the subsequent risk of cancer death: a retrospective, matched cohort of aboriginal and non-aboriginal women with breast cancer
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David Banham, David Roder, Dorothy Keefe, Gelareh Farshid, Marion Eckert, Natasha Howard, Karla Canuto, Alex Brown, for the CanDAD Aboriginal Community Reference Group and other CanDAD investigators, Banham, David, Roder, David, Keefe, Dorothy, Farshid, Gelareh, Eckert, Marion, Howard, Natasha, Canuto, Karla, and Brown, Alex
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Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ,Survival ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cohort Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,Cancer screening ,South Australia ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Registries ,indigenous ,Aboriginal ,Early Detection of Cancer ,Mastectomy ,education.field_of_study ,Obstetrics ,030503 health policy & services ,Health Policy ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,Cancer treatment ,Cohort ,Female ,0305 other medical science ,Research Article ,Mammography ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Breast Neoplasms ,survival ,cancer treatment ,03 medical and health sciences ,breast cancer ,Health Services, Indigenous ,Humans ,Healthcare Disparities ,education ,Preventive healthcare ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Research ,Cancer ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,medicine.disease ,Indigenous ,Cancer registry ,cancer screening ,business - Abstract
Background: Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women have poorer survival and twice the disease burden from breast cancer compared to other Australian women. These disparities are influenced, but not fully explained, by more diagnoses at later stages. Incorporating breast screening, hospital and out of hospital treatment and cancer registry records into a person-linked data system can improve our understanding of breast cancer outcomes. We focussed one such system on a population-based cohort of Aboriginal women in South Australia diagnosed with breast cancer and a matched cohort of non-Aboriginal women with breast cancer. We quantify Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women’s contact with publicly funded screening mammograms; quantify exposure to a selection of cancer treatment modalities; then assess the relationship between screening, treatment and the subsequent risk of breast cancer death. Methods: Breast cancers registered among Aboriginal women in South Australia in 1990–2010 (N = 77) were matched with a random selection of non-Aboriginal women by birth and diagnostic year, then linked to screening records, and treatment 2 months before and 13 months after diagnosis. Competing risk regression summarised associations of Aboriginality, breast screening, cancer stage and treatment with risk of breast cancer death. Results: Aboriginal women were less likely to have breast screening (OR = 0.37, 95%CIs 0.19–0.73); systemic therapies(OR = 0.49, 95%CIs 0.24–0.97); and, surgical intervention (OR = 0.35, 95%CIs 0.15–0.83). Where surgery occurred,mastectomy was more common among Aboriginal women (OR = 2.58, 1.22–5.46). Each of these factors influenced the risk of cancer death, reported as sub-hazard ratios (SHR). Regional spread disease (SHR = 34.23 95%CIs 6.76–13.40) and distant spread (SHR = 49.67 95% CIs 6.79–363.51) carried more risk than localised disease (Reference SHR = 1). Breast screening reduced the risk (SHR = 0.07 95%CIs 0.01–0.83). So too did receipt of systemic therapy (SHR = 0.06 95%CIs 0.01–0.41) and surgical treatments (SHR = 0.17 95% CIs 0.04–0.74). In the presence of adjustment for these factors,Aboriginality did not further explain the risk of breast cancer death. Conclusion: Under-exposure to screening and treatment of Aboriginal women with breast cancers in South Australia contributed to excess cancer deaths. Improved access, utilisation and quality of effective treatments is needed to improve survival after breast cancer diagnosis. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2019
46. Evaluating the effectiveness of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women's fitness program : a pragmatic randomised controlled trial
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Canuto, Karla and University of South Australia. School of Health Sciences.
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Physical fitness for women ,Oceanic Ancestry Group ,Torres Strait Islanders ,Nutritional Sciences ,Urban Health Services ,Female ,Aboriginal Australians ,Overweight ,Waist Circumference ,Exercise ,Health Education ,Australia ,Exercise Therapy - Abstract
Thesis (PhD)--University of South Australia, 2013. Includes bibliographical references. Chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), contribute to more than 60% of the health gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Although exercise programs have been shown to reduce weight and improve metabolic risk factors, there is little evidence to support group-based programs in urban community settings for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, and the evidence that does exist is of poor quality. This thesis evaluates the effectiveness and implementation of a structured, group-based exercise program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women to address waist circumference and other cardio-metabolic risk factors. Intervention The 12-week program was implemented in Adelaide (Australia) and included two group fitness classes per week, four nutrition education workshops and healthy lifestyle newsletters. Participants were given a pedometer and encouraged to walk regularly.
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- 2013
47. Factors influencing attendance in a structured physical activity program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in an urban setting: a mixed methods process evaluation
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Karla Canuto, Robyn McDermott, Belinda Rina Marie Spagnoletti, Margaret Cargo, Canuto, Karla J, Spagnoletti, Belinda, McDermott, Robyn A, and Cargo, Margaret
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Gerontology ,Facilitators ,Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ,Urban Population ,health promotion ,Health Behavior ,physical activity ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,South Australia ,participation ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Aboriginal ,Social policy ,Health Policy ,Attendance ,Health services research ,Participation ,Patient Preference ,Middle Aged ,Exercise Therapy ,facilitators ,Female ,women ,0305 other medical science ,Barriers ,Torres Strait Islander ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,barriers ,lifestyle program ,03 medical and health sciences ,Lifestyle program ,Young Adult ,Humans ,Women ,Obesity ,Exercise ,Health policy ,Motivation ,030505 public health ,business.industry ,Physical activity ,Public health ,Research ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,medicine.disease ,Health promotion ,business - Abstract
Background Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women experience higher rates of obesity, chronic disease, and are less active than non-Indigenous Australian women. Lifestyle programs designed to increase physical activity and encourage healthy eating are needed to ameliorate this disparity. The aim of this study was to identify participants’ perceived barriers and enablers to attend group exercise classes as part of a 12-week fitness program. Methods To understand the factors that influence attendance, a mixed method process evaluation was undertaken in which a quantitative measure of attendance in the group exercise classes was used to identify cases for further qualitative investigation. Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander women aged 18 to 64 years were recruited to a research trial of a fitness program. The 12-week program included two 60-minute group exercise classes per week, and four nutrition education workshops. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at program completion. Participants were stratified by attendance, and interviews from the highest and lowest 25 percentiles analysed. Rigour was strengthened through use of multiple data analysts, member checking and prolonged engagement in the field. Results Analyses of the post-program interviews revealed that participants enrolled in the program primarily for the perceived health benefits and all (with one exception) found the program met their needs and expectations. The atmosphere of classes was positive and comfortable and they reported developing good relationships with their fellow participants and program staff. Low attendees described more barriers to attendance, such as illness and competing work and family obligations, and were more likely to report logistical issues, such as inconvenient venue or class times. Conclusions Attendance to the ‘Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women’s Fitness Program’ was primarily influenced by the participant’s personal health, logistics and competing obligations. Low attendees reported more barriers during the 12-week period and identified fewer enabling factors than high attendees. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12610000224022
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- 2013
48. Generating evidence to inform responsive and effective actions for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescent health and well-being: a mix method protocol for evidence integration 'the Roadmap Project' .
- Author
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Kurji J, Shackleford I, McDonough D, Andrews B, Andrews F, Cooke S, Garay M, Harrington T, Kennedy C, Lenoy J, Maclaine M, McCleary H, Randall L, Rose H, Rosendale D, Telfer J, Pearson O, Canuto K, Brodie T, Charles J, Elliott S, Brown A, Reilly R, Westhead S, and Azzopardi P
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- Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Young Adult, Australia, Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples, Focus Groups, Qualitative Research, Research Design, Adolescent Health, Health Services, Indigenous organization & administration
- Abstract
Background: Australia does not have a national strategy for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescent health and as a result, policy and programming actions are fragmented and may not be responsive to needs. Efforts to date have also rarely engaged Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in co-designing solutions. The Roadmap Project aims to work in partnership with young people to define priority areas of health and well-being need and establish the corresponding developmentally appropriate, evidence-based actions., Methods and Analysis: All aspects of this project are governed by a group of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people. Needs, determinants and corresponding responses will be explored with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescents (aged 10-24 years) across Australia through an online qualitative survey, interviews and focus group discussions. Parents, service providers and policy makers (stakeholders) will share their perspectives on needs and support required through interviews. Data generated will be co-analysed with the governance group and integrated with population health data, policy frameworks and evidence of effective programmes (established through reviews) to define responsive and effective actions for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescent health and well-being., Ethics and Dissemination: Ethical approval for this study has been obtained from the Aboriginal Health Council of South Australia (Ref: 04-21-956), the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of New South Wales (Ref: 1918/22), the Western Australian Aboriginal Health Ethics Committee (Ref: HREC1147), the Northern Territory Health and Menzies School of Health Research (Ref: 2022-4371), ACT Health Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 2022.ETH.00133), the St. Vincent's Hospital, Victoria (Ref: HREC 129/22), University of Tasmania (Ref: 28020), Far North Queensland Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref: HREC/2023/QCH/89911) and Griffith University (Ref: 2023/135). Prospective adolescent participants will provide their own consent for the online survey (aged 13-24 years) and, interviews or focus group discussions (aged 15-24 years); with parental consent and adolescent assent required for younger adolescents (aged 10-14 years) participating in interviews.Study findings (priority needs and evidence-based responses) will be presented at a series of co-design workshops with adolescents and stakeholders from relevant sectors. We will also communicate findings through reports, multimedia clips and peer-reviewed publications as directed by the governance group., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
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- 2024
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49. How and why do women's groups (WGs) improve the quality of maternal and child health (MCH) care? A systematic review of the literature.
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Canuto K, Preston R, Rannard S, Felton-Busch C, Geia L, Yeomans L, Turner N, Thompson Q, Carlisle K, Evans R, Passey M, Larkins S, Redman-MacLaren M, Farmer J, Muscat M, and Taylor J
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- Australia, Child, Child Health, Female, Humans, Indigenous Peoples, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, Health Services, Indigenous, Women
- Abstract
Background: This systematic review was undertaken to assist the implementation of the WOmen's action for Mums and Bubs (WOMB) project which explores Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community women's group (WG) action to improve maternal and child health (MCH) outcomes. There is now considerable international evidence that WGs improve MCH outcomes, and we were interested in understanding how and why this occurs. The following questions guided the review: (1) What are the characteristics, contextual influences and group processes associated with the MCH outcomes of WGs? (2) What are the theoretical and conceptual approaches to WGs? (3) What are the implications likely to inform Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander WGs?, Methods: We systematically searched electronic databases (MEDLINE (Ovid); CINAHL (Ebsco); Informit health suite, Scopus, Emcare (Ovid) and the Cochrane Library and Informit), online search registers and grey literature using the terms mother, child, group, participatory and community and their variations during all time periods to January 2021. The inclusion criteria were: (1) Population: studies involving community WGs in any country. (2) Intervention: a program/intervention involving any aspect of community WGs planning, acting, learning and reviewing MCH improvements. (3) Outcome: studies with WGs reported a component of: (i) MCH outcomes; or (ii) improvements in the quality of MCH care or (iii) improvements in socioemotional well-being of mothers and/or children. (4) Context: the primary focus of initiatives must be in community-based or primary health care settings. (5) Process: includes some description of the process of WGs or any factors influencing the process. (6) Language: English. (7) Study design: all types of quantitative and qualitative study designs involving primary research and data collection.Data were extracted under 14 headings and a narrative synthesis identified group characteristics and analysed the conceptual approach to community participation, the use of theory and group processes. An Australian typology of community participation, concepts from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander group work and an adapted framework of Cohen and Uphoff were used to synthesise results. Risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools., Results: Thirty-five (35) documents were included with studies conducted in 19 countries. Fifteen WGs used participatory learning and action cycles and the remainder used cultural learning, community development or group health education. Group activities, structure and who facilitated groups was usually identified. Intergroup relationships and decision-making were less often described as were important concepts from an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander perspective (the primacy of culture, relationships and respect). All but two documents used an explicit theoretical approach. Using the typology of community participation, WGs were identified as predominantly developmental (22), instrumental (10), empowerment (2) and one was unclear., Discussion: A framework to categorise links between contextual factors operating at micro, meso and macro levels, group processes and MCH improvements is required. Currently, despite a wealth of information about WGs, it was difficult to determine the methods through which they achieved their outcomes. This review adds to existing systematic reviews about the functioning of WGs in MCH improvement in that it covers WGs in both high-income and low-income settings, identifies the theory underpinning the WGs and classifies the conceptual approach to participation. It also introduces an Australian Indigenous perspective into analysis of WGs used to improve MCH., Prospero Registration Number: CRD42019126533., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
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- 2022
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50. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men and parenting: a scoping review.
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Canuto K, Harfield SG, Canuto KJ, and Brown A
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Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men rarely rate a mention within discussions of parenting unless framed in the negative, or as the cause of dysfunctional family life. Consequently, the roles and responsibilities of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men within parenting have largely been neglected or ignored. This scoping review aimed to identify and describe Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parenting programs that focused on male parents. A comprehensive search was conducted of databases, PubMed and Informit ATSIhealth, to identify peer-review publications, while relevant websites were also searched for grey literature. The review identified eight programs that met the inclusion criteria. The review highlights the lack of rigorously researched and published literature on parenting programs that focus on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander male parents. The programs all reported positive outcomes and demonstrate that given the opportunity, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander male parents are ready and determined to fulfil their roles and responsibilities as parents to the best of their ability for the benefit of their families and communities. The provision of inclusive parenting programs and services will equip Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander male parents to better support their families during these important times.
- Published
- 2019
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