82 results on '"Ceretta, Carlos Alberto"'
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2. Nitrogen and carbon stocks in sandy soil cultivated with corn subjected to 17 years of animal manure and mineral fertilizer application
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dos Santos, Andressa Pinto, Marchezan, Carina, Moura-Bueno, Jean Michel, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Soares, Vanessa Marques, Palermo, Natália Moreira, Charopem, Amanda Bordoli, Scopel, Gustavo, Thoma, Ana Laura, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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- 2024
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3. The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to copper excess and to the use of calcium and phosphorus to mitigate its phytotoxicity
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Trentin, Edicarla, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Ricachenevsky, Felipe Klein, Morsch, Letícia, Hindersmann, Jacson, Tarouco, Camila Peligrinotti, Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira, da Silva, Lincon Oliveira Stefanello, De Conti, Lessandro, da Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho, Marchezan, Carina, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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- 2022
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4. The fate of pig slurry phosphorus applied to a sandy loam soil under no-till cropping in southern Brazil
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Boitt, Gustavo, Marchezan, Carina, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Brunetto, Gustavo, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Girotto, Eduardo, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Basso, Claudir José, Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo, and Condron, Leo
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- 2022
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5. Short- and long-term effects of animal manures and mineral fertilizer on carbon stocks in subtropical soil under no-tillage
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Rodrigues, Lucas Antonio Telles, Giacomini, Sandro José, Aita, Celso, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Brunetto, Gustavo, Bacca, Alessandra, and Ceretta, Carlos Alberto
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- 2021
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6. Spatial variation of herbaceous cover species community in Cu-contaminated vineyards in Pampa biome
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da Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho, Marques, Anderson César Ramos, Quadros, Fernando Ferreira, Sans, Gabriel Alberto, Soares, Vanessa Marques, De Conti, Lessandro, Ceretta , Carlos Alberto, Ferreira , Paulo Ademar Avelar, Toselli , Moreno, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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- 2020
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7. Annual Urea Nitrogen Contribution to the Nutrition of Cabernet Sauvignon Grapevine Grown in Sandy and Clayey Soil.
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Kaminski, João, de Melo, George Wellington Bastos, Welter, Paola Daiane, Girotto, Eduardo, Lorenzi, Cledimar Rogerio, Vieira, Renan Costa Beber, De Conti, Lessandro, and Tiecher, Tadeu Luis
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CLAY soils , *SANDY soils , *CABERNET wines , *NITROGEN fertilizers , *GRAPES , *FERTILIZER application - Abstract
The timing of nitrogen fertilizer application in vineyards can determine the amount of nitrogen (N) absorbed, distributed, and accumulated in grapevine organs. The study aimed to evaluate the annual contribution of N from urea, applied at different times in Cabernet Sauvignon, grown in sandy and clayey soil in a subtropical climate. The sandy soil received 21.42 kg N ha−1 and the clayey soil 30 kg N ha−1, both enriched with 3% excess 15N atoms, applied at different times. The N derived from the fertilizer in grapevines, at all times of N application, and in sandy and clayey soil did not exceed 8%, with the highest values being observed in annual organs, especially in the leaves. The application of N marked at the phenological stages of IBB (50% at beginning of budbreak + 50% at full budbreak) enabled greater absorption of N derived from the fertilizer by the vines grown in both sandy and loamy soil. The N present in the annual organs (leaves, berries, stalks, and shoots) and in the perennial organs (stems and canes) of Cabernet Sauvignon grown in sandy and clayey soil was derived in greater percentages from the soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Phytoremediation of Cu‐contaminated vineyard soils in Brazil: A compendium of Brazilian pot studies.
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Marques, Anderson Cesar Ramos, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Brunetto, Gustavo, Vendruscolo, Diogo, De Conti, Lessandro, Ambrosini, Vitor Gabriel, Miotto, Alcione, Rosa, Daniel José, da Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho, Trentin, Edicarla, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Jacques, Rodrigo Josemar Seminoti, Pescador, Rosete, Comin, Jucinei José, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, de Melo, George Wellington Bastos, and Parent, Léon‐Étienne
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- 2023
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9. Phosphorus Balance in Sandy Soil Subjected to 12 Years of Successive Applications of Animal Manure and Mineral Phosphate Fertilizer in Subtropical Climate.
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Marchezan, Carina, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Boitt, Gustavo, Palermo, Natalia Moreira, Thoma, Ana Laura, Vidal, Ricardo Fagan, Scopel, Gustavo, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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PHOSPHATE fertilizers ,PHOSPHATE minerals ,SANDY soils ,MANURES ,SOIL profiles - Abstract
Assessing the phosphorus (P) balance in agricultural soils is crucial for optimizing its use and reducing contamination risks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different animal wastes on the distribution of P in soil profiles subjected to 12 years of successive applications of animal wastes and mineral phosphate fertilizer, within a crop rotation system under no-till system. The study was conducted from 2004 to 2016 in the southern region of Brazil. The treatments were the applications of pig slurry (PS), cattle slurry (CS), pig deep-litter (PD), mineral fertilizer (MF), and a control treatment without application. The highest accumulation of P and its movement was observed in the 0–40 cm layer, in the soil submitted to applications of all P sources. The inputs of P via MF, CS, PS, and PD promoted the accumulation of 18, 42, 48, and 100 kg P ha
−1 year−1 . The P mass balance showed that between 77 and 98% of the P added by animal manure and MF was accounted for in grain exports (17–34%), soil storage (41–72%), and post-harvest residues (<1%), with the remaining 2–33%, unaccounted for, which was attributed, especially, to P transfer at the soil surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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10. Black Oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) Growth and Root Anatomical Changes in Sandy Soil with Different Copper and Phosphorus Concentrations
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Guimarães, Paula Rocha, Ambrosini, Vítor Gabriel, Miotto, Alcione, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Simão, Daniela Guimarães, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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- 2016
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11. Effectiveness of a rapid soil incubation method for determining potential acidity of soils in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil/Eficacia de um metodo rapido de incubacao de solo na determinacao da acidez potencial em solos no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Souza, Rodrigo Otavio Schneider, Piccin, Rogerio, Bellinaso, Roque Junior Sartori, Kaminski, Joao, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Stefanello, Lincon, Krammes, Rodrigo, Hindersmann, Jacson, and Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo
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- 2019
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12. Modeling field-scale vertical movement of zinc and copper in a pig slurry-amended soil in Brazil
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Mallmann, Fábio Joel Kochem, dos Santos, Danilo Rheinheimer, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Cella, Cesar, Šimůnek, Jirka, and van Oort, Folkert
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- 2012
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13. Forms of phosphorus transfer in runoff under no-tillage in a soil treated with successive swine effluents applications
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Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Lorensini, Felipe, Cancian, Adriana, Stefanello, Lincon, Girotto, Eduardo, Vieira, Renan Costa Beber, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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- 2015
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14. Copper and Zinc fractions and adsorption in sandy soil with long-term pig manure application.
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Drescher, Gerson Laerson, Moura-Bueno, Jean Michel, Dantas, Max Kleber Laurentino, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, De Conti, Lessandro, Marchezan, Carina, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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SOIL absorption & adsorption ,SANDY soils ,COPPER ,ADSORPTION capacity ,ZINC ,MANURES - Abstract
Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) fraction accumulation and adsorption capacity were evaluated in sandy-soil after 16 pig slurry (PS) and deep-litter (DL) applications under subtropical climate. Sixteen PS and DL applications to a Typic Hapludalf increased soil Cu and Zn soluble, exchangeable, mineral, organic, and total fractions. Cu mostly accumulated in organic and residual fractions (1.03, 4.39, 9.81, and 9.68, 12.9, 13.98 mg Cu kg
−1 in the control, PS, and DL, respectively), whereas Zn presented a greater increase in mineral and exchangeable fractions (0.42, 6.39, 15.46 and 1.67, 8.96, 14.83 mg Zn kg−1 in the control, PS, and DL, respectively). Manure applications changed Cu and Zn adsorption behavior, with the greatest (895.8 mg Cu kg−1 and 945.9 mg Zn kg−1 ) adsorption occurring in DL, which is related to the 1.5- and 1.6-times organic matter increase compared to PS and control. Cu showed a preference for soil exchangeable sites under the competitive adsorption system, reducing Zn absorption about 11 and 6 times in the PS and DL, respectively. Application of pig manure rates based solely on crop N demand is unwise as it potentiates Cu and Zn accumulation, Zn bioavailability, increasing the risk of Zn toxicity and transference to aquatic environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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15. Nutrient transfer by runoff under no tillage in a soil treated with successive applications of pig slurry
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Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Girotto, Eduardo, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Trentin, Gustavo, Vieira, Renan Costa Beber, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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- 2010
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16. Dejeto líquido de suínos: II - perdas de nitrogênio e fósforo por percolação no solo sob plantio direto
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Basso Claudir José, Ceretta Carlos Alberto, Durigon Reges, Poletto Naracelis, and Girotto Eduardo
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esterco ,resíduos orgânicos ,adubação orgânica ,dejetos de animais ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
A suinocultura tem grande importância social e econômica no Brasil. Contudo, os dejetos cada vez mais representam potenciais contaminantes do ambiente, mais do que uma opção à nutrição de plantas. A aplicação de dejetos líquidos de suínos pode resultar em perdas de elementos, principalmente nitrogênio e fósforo, resultando em menor eficiência de utilização pelas plantas e aumentando os riscos de contaminação da água. Esse trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a percolação de nitrogênio e fósforo em área submetida a aplicações sistemáticas de dejeto líquido de suínos. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS no período de maio de 2000 a maio de 2002, em Argissolo Vermelho distrófico arênico, com a rotação aveia preta (Avena strigosa), milho (Zea mays) e nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus) e com a utilização das doses de 0, 20, 40 e 80 m³ ha-1 de dejeto líquido de suínos, distribuídas a lanço e em superfície antes da semeadura de cada espécie. Com o aumento da dose de dejeto ocorre incremento nas concentrações de nitrato na água percolada, principalmente logo após a aplicação, que coincide com estádios iniciais de desenvolvimento das culturas. Por outro lado, não se percebe efeito expressivo da dose de dejeto sobre as concentrações de fósforo disponível na água percolada. As perdas de nitrogênio e fósforo, em kg ha-1, são pouco expressivas em relação às quantidades adicionadas, mas as concentrações de N-NO3- na água percolada nos maiores picos de perda estiveram acima do limite tolerável à qualidade da água.
- Published
- 2005
17. Perdas de nitrogênio de dejeto líquido de suínos por volatilização de amônia
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Basso Claudir José, Ceretta Carlos Alberto, Pavinato Paulo Sérgio, and Silveira Márcio José da
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esterco ,resíduos orgânicos ,dejetos de animais ,adubação orgânica ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
A volatilização de amônia é umas das principais formas de perdas de nitrogênio, especialmente com a aplicação de dejetos, devido a sua distribuição a lanço, em superfície. Este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar as perdas de N por volatilização de amônia em função de doses e horários de aplicação de dejeto líquido de suínos. O trabalho foi conduzido a campo em fevereiro, maio, outubro e dezembro de 2001, sendo que, em fevereiro e dezembro, aplicou-se o dejeto em dois horários (10 e 18h). As doses testadas foram 0, 20, 40 e 80m³ ha-1 e as determinações das perdas de amônia foram feitas às 3, 6, 12, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 60, 72, 96, 120, e 144 horas após a aplicação do dejeto, totalizando um período de avaliação de seis dias. O uso de menores doses de dejeto líquido de suínos minimizou as perdas de N por volatilização de amônia. Os picos de perda ocorreram nas primeiras horas após a aplicação indicando que, quando possível, a sua incorporação seria uma alternativa à diminuição nas perdas de N por volatilização de amônia. O horário de aplicação do dejeto não afetou de maneira consistente as perdas de N por volatilização de amônia.
- Published
- 2004
18. Características químicas de solo sob aplicação de esterco líquido de suínos em pastagem natural
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Ceretta Carlos Alberto, Durigon Reges, Basso Claudir José, Barcellos Luiz Antônio Rocha, and Vieira Frederico Costa Beber
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água ,contaminação ambiental ,disponibilidade de nutriente ,manejo de resíduos ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Apesar de o esterco líquido de suínos ser um fertilizante, seu uso inadequado pode comprometer a qualidade do solo e água. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar alterações em algumas características químicas de um solo sob pastagem natural com o uso de esterco líquido de suínos e suas implicações agronômicas e ambientais. O experimento foi conduzido de novembro de 1995 a novembro de 1999 em Paraíso do Sul, RS, em condomínio de suinocultores. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de 0, 20 e 40 m³ ha-1 de esterco líquido de suínos, aplicado em intervalos de 45 a 60 dias. Em cada época de aplicação de esterco, a pastagem natural era roçada, a forragem retirada e o esterco reaplicado. Os resultados mostraram que o uso sistemático de esterco líquido de suínos representa a adição de grandes quantidades de nutrientes ao solo, elevando principalmente os teores de P, Ca e Mg em áreas sob pastagem natural. O ambiente para o crescimento das plantas também pode ser melhorado com o uso de esterco líquido de suínos pela diminuição na saturação de Al, mas deve-se monitorar o teor de K no solo, porque, sob pastoreio, os teores podem decrescer. O fato de adicionar altas quantidades de N por meio do esterco líquido de suínos sem alterar seus teores no solo evidencia que ocorrem grandes perdas de N, principalmente na forma de nitrato. Além disso, a elevada concentração de P na camada mais superficial do solo mostra que estes elementos podem comprometer a qualidade do ambiente, especialmente como contaminantes da água.
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- 2003
19. Nitrogen fertilizer split-application for corn in no-till succession to black oats
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Ceretta Carlos Alberto, Basso Claudir José, Diekow Jeferson, Aita Celso, Pavinato Paulo Sérgio, Vieira Frederico Costa Beber, and Vendrusculo Edson Rodrigo Oliveira
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cultural successions ,mineral nitrogen ,fertilization ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The studies of fertilization splitting are necessary specially for the grass succession black oat-corn where N immobilization is very common. Four experiments were carried out in commercial farms under no-tillage, in four counties - Itaara, Santo Ângelo, Júlio de Castilhos and Tupanciretã, all of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating the splitting of N application in a corn/black oat crop rotation, during the 97/98 and 98/99 cropping seasons. The N was applied at three times -- pre-planted, starter and sidedressed. The pre-planted applied N for corn, corresponding to total or partial rates that would be sidedressed presented similar results in relation to the sidedress application, however, years of above average rainfall presented N deficiency for corn, reducing yield, which indicates that N application as starter or sidedress is recommended.
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- 2002
20. Prediction of Nitrogen Dosage in 'Alicante Bouschet' Vineyards with Machine Learning Models.
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Stefanello, Lincon Oliveira, Kulmann, Matheus Severo de Souza, Tassinari, Adriele, Souza, Rodrigo Otavio Schneider de, Rozane, Danilo Eduardo, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Siqueira, Gustavo Nogara de, and Parent, Léon Étienne
- Abstract
Vineyard soils normally do not provide the amount of nitrogen (N) necessary for red wine production. Traditionally, the N concentration in leaves guides the N fertilization of vineyards to reach high grape yields and chemical composition under the ceteris paribus assumption. Moreover, the carryover effects of nutrients and carbohydrates stored by perennials such as grapevines are neglected. Where a well-documented database is assembled, machine learning (ML) methods can account for key site-specific features and carryover effects, impacting the performance of grapevines. The aim of this study was to predict, using ML tools, N management from local features to reach high berry yield and quality in 'Alicante Bouschet' vineyards. The 5-year (2015–2019) fertilizer trial comprised six N doses (0–20–40–60–80–100 kg N ha
−1 ) and three regimes of irrigation. Model features included N dosage, climatic indices, foliar N application, and stem diameter of the preceding season, all of which were indices of the carryover effects. Accuracy of ML models was the highest with a yield cutoff of 14 t ha−1 and a total anthocyanin content (TAC) of 3900 mg L−1 . Regression models were more accurate for total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), pH, TAC, and total phenolic content (TPC) in the marketable grape yield. The tissue N ranges differed between high marketable yield and TAC, indicating a trade-off about 24 g N kg−1 in the diagnostic leaf. The N dosage predicted varied from 0 to 40 kg N ha−1 depending on target variable, this was calculated from local features and carryover effects but excluded climatic indices. The dataset can increase in size and diversity with the collaboration of growers, which can help to cross over the numerous combinations of features found in vineyards. This research contributes to the rational use of N fertilizers, but with the guarantee that obtaining high productivity must be with adequate composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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21. Nutrient transfers by leaching in a no-tillage system through soil treated with repeated pig slurry applications
- Author
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Girotto, Eduardo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Lorensini, Felipe, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Vieira, Renan Costa Beber, Trentin, Gustavo, Basso, Claudir José, Miotto, Alcione, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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- 2013
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22. Nutrient release during the decomposition of mowed perennial ryegrass and white clover and its contribution to nitrogen nutrition of grapevine
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Ventura, Maurizio, Scandellari, Francesca, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Kaminski, João, de Melo, George Wellington, and Tagliavini, Massimo
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- 2011
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23. Application of nitrogen sources on grapevines and effect on yield and must composition/Aplicacao de fontes de nitrogenio em videiras e efeito na producao e composicao do mosto
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, De Melo, George Wellington Bastos, Girotto, Eduardo, and Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar
- Published
- 2013
24. Nitrogen Critical Level in Leaves in 'Chardonnay' and 'Pinot Noir' Grapevines to Adequate Yield and Quality Must.
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Tassinari, Adriele, Stefanello, Lincon Oliveira, Schwalbert, Rai Augusto, Vitto, Beatriz Baticini, Kulmann, Matheus Severo de Souza, Santos, João Pedro Jung, Arruda, Wagner Squizani, Schwalbert, Raissa, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, De Conti, Lessandro, Schumacher, Rafael Lizandro, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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PINOT noir ,GRAPES ,CHARDONNAY ,GRAPE yields ,SANDY soils ,VITIS vinifera ,ANTHOCYANINS ,GRAPE growing - Abstract
The nitrogen (N) critical level in leaves and maximum technical efficiency (MTE) doses contribute to the grape yield, must quality, and fertilizers rationalization. This study aimed to define sufficient ranges and critical levels in leaves and maximum technical efficiency doses to obtain high yields and quality must in grapevines grown in sandy soil in a subtropical climate. 'Chardonnay' and 'Pinot Noir' grapevines were subjected to the annual application of 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 kg N ha
−1 in a vineyard. The nitrogen concentration in leaves at flowering and veraison, grape yield and grape must chemical parameters (total soluble solids—TSS, total titratable acidity—TTA and total anthocyanins—TA) were evaluated. The N critical level in leaves at flowering was different between grapevines cultivars, but this was not observed in leaves at veraison. It was possible to estimate MTE for 'Chardonnay' grapevines, in the evaluated growing seasons. In the range of higher probability of the N critical level in leaves, the TSS and TTA variables showed opposite responses, for both cultivars. This study proposes different N critical levels for red and white grapevines, in a subtropical climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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25. Tolerance and phytoremediation potential of grass species native to South American grasslands to copper-contaminated soils.
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De Conti, Lessandro, Marques, Anderson Cesar Ramos, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Tarouco, Camila Peligrinotti, Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Tassinari, Adriele, Bicalho da Silva, Isley Cristiellem, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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GRASSLAND soils ,NATIVE Americans ,PHYTOREMEDIATION ,SPECIES ,SOIL solutions ,SOIL acidity - Abstract
Grass species native to South American can have mechanisms to tolerate copper (Cu) excess, which improves their use to phytoremediate Cu-contaminated soils. The aims of the present study are to assess the tolerance of grass species native to South American grasslands to copper-contaminated soils, as well as their adaptive responses under high Cu-stressed condition and to identify native grass species presenting the highest potential to be used for phytoremediation purposes. Soil samples were air-dried and their acidity, phosphorus and potassium levels were corrected, and the samples were incubated. Three Cu levels were used in the experiment: natural (Dose 0), with added of 40 mg kg
−1 of Cu and with added of 80 mg kg−1 of Cu. Three Axonopus affinis, Paspalum notatum and Paspalum plicatulum seedlings were transferred to 5-L pots filled with soil in August and grown for 121 days. Soil solution was collected during cultivation with the aid of Rhizon lysimeters. Main concentrations of cations and anions, dissolved organic carbon and pH in the soil solution were analyzed and the ionic speciation was carried out. Cu toxicity impaired the growth of grass species native to South America, since Cu excess led to both changes in root morphology and nutritional unbalance. Among all assessed native species, Paspalum plicatulum was the one presenting the greatest potential to phytostabilize in Cu-contaminated soils, since it mainly accumulates Cu absorbed in the roots; therefore, its intercropping with grapevines is can be beneficial in Cu-contaminated soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Should heavy metals be monitored in foods derived from soils fertilized with animal waste?
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Couto, Rafael Rosa, Comin, Jucinei José, Souza, Monique, Ricachenevsky, Felipe Klein, Lana, Marcos, Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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Gestão de resíduos ,Seed contamination - Abstract
Heavy metals (HM) represent a large group of elements with atomic density >5 g cm−3 or atomic number >20 (Saidur et al., 2017), among which some are essential to plants, such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and manganese (Mn). However, HMs may be contaminants and/or pollutants, depending on the concentration in soils. HMs such as Cu, Zn, Ni, and chromium (Cr) are essential to human beings, and biofortification approaches to improve levels of some elements in plant edible parts are underway (Bouis et al., 2012; Ricachenevsky et al., 2015). However, these HMs may be toxic if accumulated, and may only be ingested in very small quantities (EPA-U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1995; FAO-Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1995; Tchounwou et al., 2012). On the other hand, Pb, Cd, As, and Br are not essential and can be toxic even at low concentrations (Tchounwou et al., 2012). The safe daily intake level for As, Cd, Cr, Cu Ni, Pb, and Zn is 20, 300, 1500, 4, 20, 40, 300 μg kg−1 of body weight per day, respectively (EPA-U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993). These levels are based on the degree to which the element may cause disturbance, the capacity of the body to accumulate the element and the weight of the individual who is ingesting it (Abbasi et al., 2013). However, when HMs are ingested for long periods, even at doses considered safe, they can cause harmful effects, known as chronic intoxication (Jorge Mendoza et al., 2017; Li et al., 2017). The increase in total HM concentration and their chemical forms in soils can occur naturally due to atmospheric deposition, weathering of rocks, and anthropic activities such as mining, deposition of ash from coal burning, application of pesticides in plants, addition of mineral and organic fertilizers, among others (Guilherme et al., 2005). HM accumulation in the soil is typically assessed by indicators such as Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) (Equation 1) (Müller, 1979) and Enrichment Factor (EF) (Equation 2) (Abbasi et al., 2013) that allow the identification of the presence and the intensity of deposition of anthropogenic contaminants in topsoil.
- Published
- 2018
27. Fruit yield and composition in orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in response to nitrogen fertilization in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Cella, Cesar, Miotto, Alcione, Girotto, Eduardo, Lorensini, Felipe, Brackmann, Auri, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Schorr, Márcio Renan Weber, Both, Vanderlei, and Ambrosini, Vítor Gabriel
- Subjects
leaf analysis ,Citrus sinensis L ,qualidade do fruto ,análise foliar ,fruit quality ,nitrogen ,nitrogênio - Abstract
Little is known about the impact of N fertilization on fruit production and composition in orange groves grown in soils with low or medium organic matter content in Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This study aimed to evaluate how N fertilization of orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in a sandy soil may interfere in fruit yield and composition of fruit and juice. The experiment was conducted with orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' growing in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil, in Rosário do Sul (RS). The plants received applications of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160kg N ha-1. Total N in leaves, number of fruits per plant, yield, fresh weight, fruit diameter, peel thickness, percentage of fruit juice, peel color, juice color, ascorbic acid content, total soluble solids (TSS) and total titratable acidity were evaluated in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 crops. In the first crop, especially yield, number of fruits per plant, TSS content in fruit juice and ratio decreased with increasing N rate applied. However, in the second crop, the total titratable acidity of the fruit juice prominently increased with the dose of N applied. In both crops, results were highly influenced by rainfall distribution, which affect the plant physiology, soil N dynamics and, consequently, probability of response to N applied and the loss of mineral N in the soil. RESUMO: O impacto da adubação nitrogenada na produção e composição de frutos em pomares de laranjeiras cultivados em solos com baixo ou médio teor de matéria orgânica do RS é pouco conhecido. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar como a adubação nitrogenada, em solo de textura arenosa, pode interferir na produção, composição de frutos e do suco em laranjeiras cv. 'Lane Late'. O experimento foi conduzido em um pomar de laranjeiras cv. 'Lane Late' instalado sobre um Argissolo Vermelho, em Rosário do Sul (RS). As plantas foram submetidas à aplicação de 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 e 160 kg ha-1 de N. Nas safras de 2010/2011 e 2011/2012 foi avaliado o teor total de N em folhas, o número de frutos por planta, a produção, o peso fresco e diâmetro de frutos, espessura da casca, porcentagem de suco nos frutos, cor da epiderme e do suco, os valores de vitamina C, sólidos solúveis totais (SST) e acidez total titulável. Na primeira safra, especialmente a produção, o número de frutos por planta, o teor de SST no suco e o ratio diminuíram com o aumento da dose de N aplicada. Mas, na segunda safra, de forma destacada, o teor de acidez total titulável no suco aumentou com a dose de N aplicada. Nas duas safras, os resultados foram muito influenciados pela distribuição das precipitações pluviométricas, que afetam a fisiologia da planta, a dinâmica do N no solo e, por consequência, a probabilidade de resposta ao N aplicado, bem como as perdas de N mineral no solo.
- Published
- 2017
28. Grape yield, and must compounds of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapevine in sandy soil with potassium contents increasing
- Author
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Ciotta, Marlise Nara, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Silva, Lincon Oliveira Stefanello da, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Sautter, Claudia Kaehler, Couto, Rafael da Rosa, and Brunetto, Gustavo
- Subjects
produção ,qualidade da uva ,análise foliar ,Vitis vinifera ,grape production ,foliar analysis ,quality of the grape - Abstract
Content of exchangeable potassium (K) in t soil may influence on its content in grapevines leaves, grape yield, as well as, in must composition. The study aimed to assess the interference of exchangeable K content in the soil on its leaf content, production and must composition of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' cultivar. In September 2011, in Santana do Livramento (RS) five vineyards with increasing levels of exchangeable K in the soil were selected. In the 2012/13 and 2013/14 harvests, the grape yield, yield components, total K content in the leaves in full bloom and berries veraison were evaluated. Values of total soluble sugar (TSS), pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), total polyphenols and anthocyanins were evaluated in the must. Exchangeable K content increase in soil with sandy surface texture increased its content in leaves collected during full flowering and in berries and must pH; however, it did not affect production of the 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. RESUMO: O potássio (K) é um dos macronutrientes exigidos em maior quantidade pela videira, porém o seu incremento no solo pode não aumentar a produção de uva, mas pode modificar a sua composição. O trabalho objetivou avaliar a interferência do teor de K trocável no solo sobre o seu teor na folha, produção e composição do mosto da cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. Em setembro de 2011, em Santana do Livramento (RS), foram selecionados cinco vinhedos com níveis crescentes de K trocável no solo. Nas safras 2012/13 e 2013/14, foi avaliada a produção de uva, os componentes de produção, o teor total de K nas folhas no pleno florescimento e na mudança da cor das bagas. No mosto, foram avaliados os valores de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), pH, a acidez total titulável (ATT) e os totais de polifenóis e antocianinas. O incremento do teor de K trocável no solo aumentou o K total nas folhas no pleno florescimento, nas bagas e a composição do mosto, mas não afetou a produção de uva da cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon'.
- Published
- 2016
29. Composition and mineralization of organic compost derived from composting of fruit and vegetable waste.
- Author
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Tratsch, Mauricio Vicente Motta, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Silva, Leandro Souza da, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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COMPOSTING ,POULTRY manure ,REFUSE containers ,ORGANIC fertilizers ,FRUIT ,POULTRY - Abstract
Fruit and vegetable waste can be used for the production of organic compost, which when mineralized can increase the availability of nitrogen. The objectives of this study were: (a) to produce compost from different ratios of fruit and vegetable waste, rice husk and poultry manure that meets the legislation on organic fertilizers and (b) to assess the mineralization of N in substrates prepared with different ratios of compost. In experiment 1, the following treatments were prepared using (fruit and vegetable residue: rice husk: poultry waste) (v:v): Treatment 1 (2:1:0), T2 (1:1:1), T3 (1.5:1:0) and T4 (1.2:1:0). All the treatments were subjected to composting for 95 days, were subjected to analysis of nutrients, organic carbon, C/N, CEC/C, pH and moisture content. The composts were compared in regards to the parameters required by legislation. In experiment 2, the treatments consisted of eight blends of agricultural peat, carbonized rice husk and organic compost pre-selected from experiment 1. The NO
3 --N and NH+ 4 -N contents were analyzed in the substrate at time zero and at 7, 14, 28, 56, 112 days after incubation. Compost (C2) met the parameters required by legislation and the use of 40% in the substrate composition promoted the mineralization of N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Growth, biochemical response and nutritional status of Angico-Vermelho (Parapiptadenia rigida (Bentham) Brenan) under the application of soil amendment in Cu-contaminated soil.
- Author
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Bicalho da Silva, Isley Cristiellem, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Schneider, Jéssica Marques, Trentin, Edicarla, De Conti, Lessandro, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Araújo, Maristela Machado, Tarouco, Camila Peligrinotti, Garlet, Luana Paula, Hammerschmitt, Rodrigo Knevitz, and Brunetto, Gustavo
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NUTRITIONAL status ,SOIL amendments ,SOIL pollution ,SOIL chemistry ,PLANT-soil relationships - Abstract
Forest species Angico-Vermelho (Parapiptadenia rigida (Bentham) Brenan) is an alternative for the revegetation of areas contaminated with high levels of heavy metals such as copper (Cu). However, excess Cu may cause toxicity to plants, which is why the use of soil amendments can facilitate cultivation by reducing the availability of Cu in the soil. The aim of this study was to assess how the use of amendment can contribute to growth and nutritional status as well as reduce oxidative stress in Angico-Vermelho grown in Cu-contaminated soil. Samples of a Typic Hapludalf soil containing high Cu content were used for the application of four amendments (limestone, organic compost, Ca silicate and zeolite), in addition to a control treatment. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. The use of amendments decreased Cu content available in soil and contributed to improve both plant nutritional status and its antioxidant response expressed by enzymatic activity. The application of the amendments, especially zeolite and Ca silicate, increased dry matter yield of Angico-Vermelho. Thus, the results presented here suggest that the use of amendments contributes to improving Cu-contaminated soils and favors revegetation with Angico-Vermelho. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Pig slurry and nutrient accumulation and dry matter and grain yield in various crops
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Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Brunetto, Gustavo, Girotto, Eduardo, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Vieira, Renan Costa Beber, Cancian, Adriana, and Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar
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rotação de culturas ,crop rotation ,manure ,yield ,dejeto ,produtividade - Abstract
Pig slurry (PS) represents an important nutrient source for plants and using it as fertilizer makes greater nutrient cycling in the environment possible. The aim of this study was to assess how PS application over a period of years can affect grain yield, dry matter production and nutrient accumulation in commercial grain and cover crops. The experiment was carried out in an experimental area of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, from May 2000 to January 2008. In this period, 19 grain and cover crops were grown with PS application before sowing, at rates of 0, 20, 40 and 80 m³ ha-1. The highest PS rate led to an increase in nutrient availability over the years, notably of P, but also of nutrients that are potentially toxic to plants, especially Cu and Zn. The apparent recovery of nutrients by commercial grain and cover crops decreased with the increasing number of PS applications to the soil. Accumulated dry matter production of the crops and maize grain yield were highest at an annual application rate of 80 m³ ha-1 PS. However, common bean yield increased up to 20 m³ ha-1 PS, showing that the crop to be grown should be considered to define the application rate. O dejeto líquido de suínos (DLS) representa importante fonte de nutrientes às plantas e sua utilização como adubo para as culturas significa a possibilidade de maior ciclagem de nutrientes no ambiente. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar como as doses de DLS, aplicadas ao longo de alguns anos, podem impactar a produção de grãos, de matéria seca e o acúmulo de nutrientes em culturas de grãos comerciais e em plantas de cobertura do solo. O experimento foi realizado na área experimental da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, em Santa Maria, RS, no período de maio de 2000 a janeiro de 2008. Nesse período, foram implantadas 19 culturas de grãos e de cobertura de solo, sendo aplicado DLS antes da semeadura de cada cultura, nas doses de 0, 20, 40 e 80 m³ ha-1. O aumento da dose de DLS aplicada ao longo de anos promoveu o incremento da disponibilidade de nutrientes, notadamente de P, mas também de nutrientes que podem ser potencialmente tóxicos às plantas, especialmente Cu e Zn. A recuperação aparente de nutrientes pelas culturas de grãos comerciais e de cobertura do solo diminuiu à medida que aumentou o número de aplicações de doses de DLS no solo. A produção de matéria seca acumulada das culturas e a produção de grãos de milho foram maiores com a dose anual de 80 m³ ha-1 de DLS. Entretanto, a produtividade de grãos de feijão elevou até 20 m³ ha-1 de DLS, evidenciando que, na definição da dose, deve ser considerada a cultura a ser estabelecida.
- Published
- 2014
32. Accumulation of phosphorus fractions and contamination potential in vineyard soils in the southern region of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Author
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Schmitt, Djalma Eugênio, Comin, Jucinei José, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo, Tiecher, Tales, Lorensini, Felipe, Heinzen, Janaina, Ambrosini, Vítor Gabriel, Moraes, Marcel Pires de, and Brunetto, Gustavo
- Subjects
phosphate fertilization ,phosphorus chemical fractionation ,environmental contamination ,phosphorus adsorption isotherms ,isotermas de adsorção de fósforo ,contaminação ambiental ,Vitis sp ,fracionamento químico de fósforo ,adubação fosfatada - Abstract
In vineyards, if phosphate is applied both before planting and at intervals during growth without consideration of technical criteria, the soil P fractions may be increased and their proportions altered. This study was carried out to evaluate the accumulation of P fractions and the parameters of the adsorption isotherm in a sandy Typic Hapludalf soil in vineyards with a history of successive and excessive phosphate fertilization. In December 2010, two vineyards were selected, one 4 and the other 15 years old, in Urussanga, State of Santa Catarina (Brazil). Three trenches were dug in each area and soil was collected from the 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm depth ranges. The soil samples were dried in a forced-air oven, sieved and subjected to chemical analyses, P chemical fractionation and P adsorption isotherms. Excessive phosphate fertilization, before and during cultivation, particularly in the older vineyard and, consequently, with a longer history of phosphate fertilization, increased the inorganic P concentrations to the depth of 20 cm, especially in labile fractions extracted by anion exchange resin and NaHCO3 in the non-labile fraction, as well as in the non-labile fraction extracted by 1.0 mol L-1 HCl. The application of phosphate fertilizers and the long cultivation period increased the P levels in the organic labile fraction extracted by 0.5 mol L-1 NaHCO3, and especially in the moderately labile fraction extracted by 0.1 and 0.5 mol L-1 NaOH. Phosphate fertilization of older vineyards, i.e., cultivated for 15 years, increased the amounts of P desorbed in water, indicating a risk of contamination of surface waters and groundwater. The phosphate fertilization before planting, without considering the results of soil analysis, and during cultivation, disregarding the results of soil analysis, leaf analysis and expected yield, led to a reduction in the maximum P adsorption capacity in the 0-5 cm layer of vineyard 2, indicating saturation of part of the reactive particle adsorption sites. As aplicações de fertilizantes fosfatados na adubação de pré-plantio e de manutenção, sem considerar critérios técnicos, podem causar o acúmulo e a alteração das frações de P em solos cultivados com videira. Este trabalho objetivou quantificar o acúmulo de frações de P em solos com textura arenosa, cultivados com videira e com histórico de aplicações excessivas de fertilizantes fosfatados. Em dezembro de 2010, foram selecionados dois vinhedos, um com quatro e outro com 15 anos de idade, localizados no município de Urussanga, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram abertas três trincheiras em cada área e, em seguida, foi coletado solo nas camadas de 0-5, 5-10 e 10-20 cm. O solo foi seco, passado em peneira e submetido a análises de atributos químicos, fracionamento químico de P e isotermas de adsorção. As aplicações excessivas de fertilizantes fosfatados na adubação de pré-plantio e de manutenção em vinhedos, em solos de textura arenosa, aumentaram o teor de P até 20 cm de profundidade, especialmente nas frações lábeis extraídas pela resina trocadora de ânions e NaHCO3 e na fração não lábil extraída por HCl 1,0 mol L-1. A aplicação de fertilizantes fosfatados e o tempo de cultivo da videira influenciaram os teores de P em formas orgânicas na fração lábil extraída por NaHCO3 0,5 mol L-1 e, principalmente, na fração moderadamente lábil extraída pelos extratores NaOH 0,1 mol L-1 e 0,5 mol L-1. As adubações fosfatadas nos vinhedos com longo período de cultivo, 15 anos, aumentaram a quantidade de P dessorvido em água, indicando risco de contaminação ambiental das águas superficiais e subterrâneas. A adição de fertilizantes fosfatados na adubação de pré-plantio, sem considerar os resultados da análise de solo, da adubação de manutenção, do tecido vegetal e da expectativa de produção, resultou nos valores mais baixos de capacidade máxima de adsorção P na camada de 0-5 cm do vinhedo 2, com longo período de cultivo, indicando a saturação de parte dos sítios de adsorção.
- Published
- 2013
33. Vertical transport of zinc and copper in a pig slurry-amended soil: Model validation and prospective simulations under different organic waste doses and tillage management
- Author
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Mallmann, Fábio Joel Kochem, Rheinheimer Dos Santos, Danilo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Cella, Cesar, Guma, Rosana Lamana, Minella, Jean Paolo Gomes, Van Oort, Folkert, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Universidade Federal de Santa Maria = Federal University of Santa Maria [Santa Maria, RS, Brazil] (UFSM)
- Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2013
34. Health risk assessment and soil and plant heavy metal and bromine contents in field plots after ten years of organic and mineral fertilization.
- Author
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da Rosa Couto, Rafael, Faversani, Jéssica, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Marchezan, Carina, Basso Facco, Daniela, Garlet, Luana Paula, Silva, Jussiane Souza, Comin, Jucinei José, Bizzi, Cezar Augusto, Flores, Erico Marlon Moraes, and Brunetto, Gustavo
- Subjects
HEAVY metals & the environment ,BROMINE ,HEALTH risk assessment ,FLUORESCENCE ,PHOTOLUMINESCENCE - Abstract
Heavy metals and bromine (Br) derived from organic and industrialized fertilizers can be absorbed, transported and accumulated into parts of plants ingested by humans. This study aimed to evaluate in an experiment conducted under no-tillage for 10 years, totaling 14 applications of pig slurry manure (PS), pig deep-litter (PL), dairy slurry (DS) and mineral fertilizer (MF), the heavy metal and Br contents in soil and in whether the grains produced by corn ( Zea mays L.) and wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) under these conditions could result in risk to human health. The total contents of As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Br were analyzed in samples of fertilizers, waste, soil, shoots and grains of corn and wheat. Afterwards, enrichment factor (EF), accumulation factor (AF), health risk index (HRI), target hazard quotient (THQ) and target cancer risk (TCR) were determined. Mineral fertilizer exhibited the highest As and Cr content, while the highest levels of Cu and Zn were found in animal waste. The contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in soil were below the limits established by environmental regulatory agencies. However, a significant enrichment factor was found for Cu in soil with a history of PL application. Furthermore, high Zn contents were found in shoots and grains of corn and wheat, especially when the plants were grown in soil with organic waste application. Applications of organic waste and mineral fertilizer provided high HRI and THQ for Br and Zn, posing risks to human health. The intake of corn and wheat fertilized with pig slurry manure, swine deep bed, liquid cattle manure and industrialized mineral fertilizer did not present TCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Modeling field-scale vertical transport of zinc and copper in a pig slurry-amended soil in Brazil
- Author
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Mallmann, Fábio Joel Kochem, Rheinheimer, Danilo dos Santos, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Cella, Cesar, Van Oort, Folkert, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Universidade Federal de Santa Maria = Federal University of Santa Maria [Santa Maria, RS, Brazil] (UFSM)
- Subjects
[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 2012
36. Correction of soil acidity in the subsurface of an oxisol with sandy loam texture under no-tillage
- Author
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Rossato, Otavio Bagiotto, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Silva, Leandro Souza da, Brunetto, Gustavo, Adorna, Jaqueline Cristiane, Girotto, Eduardo, and Lorenzi, Cledimar Rogério
- Subjects
saturação por bases ,saturação por alumínio ,soil tillage systems ,sistemas de preparo do solo ,lime ,aluminum saturation ,base saturation ,calcário - Abstract
In Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), Southern Brazil, aluminum saturation in many areas under no-till system is high and base saturation low in the 0.10-0.20 m layer (subsurface), which may reduce the grain yield of annual crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the occurrence of high aluminum saturation and low base saturation in the subsurface, under a no-till system, represents a restrictive environment for crop production, as well as to evaluate forms of lime incorporation for soil acidity correction in the subsurface. For this purpose, an experiment was carried out with soybean (2005/2006), corn (2006/2007), wheat (2007) and soybean (2007/2008) crops, in a Rhodic Hapludox (USDA, 1999) with sandy loam texture, under no-till for four years in the county of Tupanciretã (RS). The six treatments were: no-tillage with and without lime, plowing with and without lime, and chiseling with and without lime. The values of pH-H2O, aluminum saturation and base saturation were evaluated 24 months after treatment application in the layers 0-0.05; 0.05-0.10; 0.10-0.15; 0.15-0.20 and 0.20-0.30 m. The yields of soybean (2005/2006), corn (2006/2007), wheat (2007) and soybean (2007/2008) were evaluated. Soil acidity in the subsurface did not affect crop yield when the acidity in the layer from 0-0.10 m was at levels for which lime application is not recommended, according to CQFSRS/SC (2004). Lime incorporation through plowing was the most efficient way of correcting acidity at deeper levels. No Rio Grande do Sul (RS), muitas áreas sob plantio direto apresentam elevada saturação por Al e baixa saturação por bases na camada de 0,10-0,20 m (subsuperfície), e isso pode diminuir a produção de grãos de culturas anuais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar se a ocorrência de alta saturação por Al e baixa saturação por bases em subsuperfície (0,10-0,20 m), no plantio direto, pode representar um ambiente restritivo para a produção de culturas, bem como avaliar os modos de incorporação de calcário na correção da acidez do solo em subsuperfície. Para isso, foi realizado um experimento com os cultivos de soja (2005/ 2006), milho (2006/2007), trigo (2007) e soja (2007/2008), em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico (Embrapa, 2006) de textura franco arenosa, há quatro anos sob plantio direto, no município de Tupanciretã (RS). Os seis tratamentos foram: sem revolvimento com ou sem calcário; lavração com ou sem calcário; e escarificação com ou sem calcário. Aos 24 meses após a aplicação dos tratamentos e nas camadas de 0-0,05, 0,05-0,10, 0,10-0,15, 0,15-0,20 e 0,20-0,30 m, foram avaliados os valores de pH-H2O, saturação por Al e por bases. Avaliou-se a produtividade de soja (2005/2006), milho (2006/2007), trigo (2007) e soja (2007/2008). A acidez do solo em subsuperfície não alterou a produtividade das culturas quando as propriedades de acidez na camada de 0-0,10 m estavam em níveis em que não se recomenda a aplicação de calcário, segundo a CQFSRS/SC (2004). A incorporação de calcário com aração foi o modo mais eficiente de corrigir a acidez em profundidade.
- Published
- 2009
37. Copper Accumulation and Availability in Sandy, Acid, Vineyard Soils.
- Author
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Miotto, Alcione, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Girotto, Eduardo, Trentin, Gustavo, Kaminski, João, De Conti, Lessandro, Moreno, Toselli, Elena, Baldi, and Brunetto, Gustavo
- Subjects
- *
COPPER , *FUNGICIDES , *SANDY soils , *ORGANIC compounds , *ULTISOLS - Abstract
The use of copper (Cu)-based fungicides to control diseases in vineyards can cause excessive Cu accumulation in soils. Greater Cu availability is expected in acid sandy soils with low organic matter (OM), where the risk of toxicity to plants and environment contamination is high. This study aimed to study the evolution of Cu in acid, sandy soils planted with grapevines for a period of time between 2 and 32 years. Two studies were carried out in South Brazil: in the first study, soil samples, from 19 vineyards were collected and analyzed in the first 0.2 m depth-layer for the total and available Cu. In the second study, 3 soils were selected among the previous 19 according to the age of vineyard (5, 11, and 30 year-old), and their 0.60 m-depth profile was analyzed for 5 fractions of Cu (soluble, exchangeable, mineral, organic, and residual). All the soils were classified as Ultisols. The vineyards with more than 25 years under cultivation had a mean total Cu concentration of 90 mg kg−1in the 0–0.10 m layer. Approximately 80% of it was potentially available to plants. The greatest total and available Cu were found in the soil surface layers (0.2 m depth), where up to 75% of the total Cu is adsorbed in clay minerals and only 20% is complexed in the OM. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Nitrogen fertilizer split-application for corn in no-till succession to black oats
- Author
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Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Basso, Claudir José, Diekow, Jeferson, Aita, Celso, Pavinato, Paulo Sérgio, Vieira, Frederico Costa Beber, and Vendrusculo, Edson Rodrigo Oliveira
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nitrogênio mineral ,cultural successions ,sucessão de culturas ,fertilization ,adubação ,mineral nitrogen - Abstract
The studies of fertilization splitting are necessary specially for the grass succession black oat-corn where N immobilization is very common. Four experiments were carried out in commercial farms under no-tillage, in four counties - Itaara, Santo Ângelo, Júlio de Castilhos and Tupanciretã, all of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating the splitting of N application in a corn/black oat crop rotation, during the 97/98 and 98/99 cropping seasons. The N was applied at three times -- pre-planted, starter and sidedressed. The pre-planted applied N for corn, corresponding to total or partial rates that would be sidedressed presented similar results in relation to the sidedress application, however, years of above average rainfall presented N deficiency for corn, reducing yield, which indicates that N application as starter or sidedress is recommended. Na sucessão de gramíneas aveia preta/milho pode haver imobilização do nitrogênio, especialmente no início do ciclo do milho, requerendo estudos de fracionamento da adubação. Com o objetivo de avaliar formas de parcelamento da adubação nitrogenada para o milho em sucessão à aveia preta, foram conduzidos quatro experimentos em áreas de lavouras sob plantio direto nos municípios de Itaara, Santo Ângelo, Júlio de Castilhos e Tupanciretã no Rio Grande do Sul, durante os anos agrícolas 1996/97 a 1998/99. As aplicações de N para o milho foram realizadas em três épocas: a) pré-semeadura (após o manejo da aveia preta), b) semeadura e c) cobertura. Os resultados mostraram que a aplicação em pré-semeadura do milho de parte ou todo o nitrogênio que seria aplicado em cobertura não conferiu produtividade de grãos diferente da aplicação na semeadura e cobertura mas a ocorrência de precipitações pluviométricas acima da normal pode causar diminuição na produtividade de grãos. Por isso, a aplicação de nitrogênio na semeadura e em cobertura no milho é preferencial.
- Published
- 2002
39. Contribution of nitrogen from urea applied at different rates and times on grapevine nutrition.
- Author
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, de Melo, George Wellington Bastos, Girotto, Eduardo, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, da Rosa Couto, Rafael, Tassinaria, Adriele, Hammerschmitt, Rodrigo Knevitz, da Silva, Lincon Oliveria Stefanello, Lazzaretti, Bruno Pedro, de Souza Kulmann, Matheus Severo, and Carranca, Corina
- Subjects
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EFFECT of nitrogen on plants , *GRAPES , *UREA , *SANDY soils , *BUDDING (Plant propagation) , *NUTRITION - Abstract
In Brazilian vineyards planted in sandy soils, nitrogen (N) should be applied at optimal rates and timing that correspond to greatest demand, thus minimizing N losses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the grapevine N distribution and recovery of urea- 15 N applied at budding and bloom. In 2009, in a vineyard ( Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) planted in Santana do Livramento, south Brazil, grapevines were treated with 10 kg N ha −1 at budding +10 kg N ha −1 at full bloom (10B + 10F); 20 kg N ha −1 at budding +20 kg N ha −1 at full bloom (20B + 20F); 20 kg N ha −1 at budding (20B); and 40 kg N ha −1 at full bloom (40F). Budding of grapevines in 2009 and 2010 was at the end of August and full bloom in November. In February 2010 and 2011, grapevine organs (leaves, berries, stem and roots) were collected, and in February 2011 soil samples were also collected in the profile. The wine-producing grapevines grown in the sandy soil took up more N derived from 20B treatment, compared with other N treatments, especially in the first crop season. The N derived from fertilizer applied at different rates and time was preferentially distributed in annual plant organs, but most N contained in the plant organs was derived from other sources than the fertilizer N. In the following season, 15 N applied in the previous year was recovered preferentially in leaves and fruits, again in low amounts. Nitrogen derived from fertilizer applied at different rates and time in a sandy soil apparently contributes little to grapevine nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Grape yield, and must compounds of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapevine in sandy soil with potassium contents increasing.
- Author
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Nara Ciotta, Marlise, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Stefanello da Silva, Lincon Oliveira, Avelar Ferreira, Paulo Ademar, Kaehler Sautter, Claudia, da Rosa Couto, Rafael, and Brunetto, Gustavo
- Subjects
- *
GRAPE yields , *FRUIT yield , *POTASSIUM , *SOIL composition , *GRAPE varieties , *CABERNET wines , *SAUVIGNON blanc - Abstract
Content of exchangeable potassium (K) in t soil may influence on its content in grapevines leaves, grape yield, as well as, in must composition. The study aimed to assess the interference of exchangeable K content in the soil on its leaf content, production and must composition of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' cultivar. In September 2011, in Santana do Livramento (RS) five vineyards with increasing levels of exchangeable K in the soil were selected. In the 2012/13 and 2013/14 harvests, the grape yield, yield components, total K content in the leaves in full bloom and berries veraison were evaluated. Values of total soluble sugar (TSS), pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), total polyphenols and anthocyanins were evaluated in the must. Exchangeable K content increase in soil with sandy surface texture increased its content in leaves collected during full flowering and in berries and must pH; however, it did not affect production of the 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Phosphorus fractions in soil with a long history of organic waste and mineral fertilizer addition.
- Author
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da Rosa Couto, Rafael, Avelar Ferreira, Paulo Ademar, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Basso Facco, Daniela, Tassinari, Adriele, Piccin, Rogério, De Conti, Lessandro, Colpo Gatiboni, Luciano, Schapanski, Denis, and Brunetto, Gustavo
- Subjects
ANIMAL waste recycling ,SOIL composition ,MANURE handling ,MANURES & the environment ,FERTILIZERS ,ORGANIC wastes - Abstract
Applications for long periods of organic animal waste as a source of nutrients to crops can contaminate the soil and the surface and subsurface waters. This study aimed to evaluate how the utilization of organic waste, after successive applications, affects P fractions in the soil and consequently environmental contamination. In an experiment conducted for 8 years, totaling 12 applications with pig slurry manure (PSM), liquid cattle manure (LCM), swine deep bedding (SDB), and mineral fertilizer (NPK), 460; 505; 1.111; and 535 kg P·ha
-1 were added to the soil through PSM, LCM, SDB, and NPK, respectively. In September 2012, soil samples were collected in the layers 0.0 - 0.04; 0.04 - 0.08; 0.08 - 0.12; 0.12 - 0.16; 0.16 - 0.20 m, prepared and subjected to a sequential chemical fractionation of P. The 12 applications of pig slurry, liquid cattle manure, swine deep bedding and NPK fertilizer for eight years (urea + triple superphosphate + potassium chloride) provided accumulations of P fractions in the soil that were above the necessary for a proper nutrition to plants considering the available P fractions (AER + organic NaHCO3 + inorganic NaHCO3 ) in the soil. In addition, they showed that the use of swine deep bedding, followed by pig slurry, means higher levels of available P fractions in the soil. In this sense, the establishment of a dosage of organic waste to meet the nitrogen need of crops is not an environmentally appropriate parameter. It may cause P accumulation in the soil, increased absorption ability of plants and soil support, contributing to environmental contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Rhizophagus clarus and phosphate alter the physiological responses of Crotalaria juncea cultivated in soil with a high Cu level.
- Author
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Ademar Avelar Ferreira, Paulo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Hildebrand Soriani, Hilda, Luiz Tiecher, Tadeu, Fonsêca Sousa Soares, Cláudio Roberto, Rossato, Liana Veronica, Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira, Brunetto, Gustavo, Paranhos, Juçara Terezinha, and Cornejo, Pablo
- Subjects
- *
SUNN hemp , *SOIL microbial ecology , *ECOLOGICAL succession , *EVOLUTIONARY theories , *CATALASE regulation , *SYMBIOSIS - Abstract
Symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may increase plant tolerance to heavy metals, in addition to the improvement in phosphorus (P) uptake by plants. This study evaluated the effects of the interaction between an increase in the soil phosphorus level and the colonization by Rhizophagus clarus on several biochemical and physiological parameters of Crotalaria juncea plants cultivated in a soil with a high copper (Cu) level. Plant growth and photosynthetic pigment fluorescence parameters, as well as the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activities in C. juncea plants, were analyzed. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, and a 3 × 2 factorial design was employed, including the natural P level, 40, and 100 mg P kg −1 , with and without R. clarus inoculation, with three replicates in a soil with a high Cu level (65 mg kg −1 ). The results demonstrate that the combination of the addition of P together with AMF inoculation improved the plant nutritional status, with consequent increases in the levels of P, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters . Furthermore, mycorrhization and phosphorus addition increased the activities of the SOD and CAT enzymes, which are responsible for the removal of reactive oxygen species when plants are exposed to high Cu levels. This synergistic effect between P application and inoculation with R. clarus could be of technological interest for achieving increased growth of C. juncea cultivated in soils with high Cu levels via the promotion of effective mechanisms for reducing Cu phytotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Mobility of copper and zinc fractions in fungicide-amended vineyard sandy soils.
- Author
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Miotto, Alcione, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Schmitt, Djalma Eugênio, Heinzen, Janaína, de Moraes, Marcel Pires, Canton, Ludiana, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Comin, Jucinei José, and Girotto, Eduardo
- Subjects
FUNGICIDES ,SOIL amendments ,SANDY soils ,VINEYARDS ,SOIL composition ,HEAVY metals ,SOIL sampling ,SOIL pollution - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mobility of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the profile and distribution of sandy soil fractions from vineyards. Soil samples were collected from two vineyards of different ages (14 and 30 years) and a natural field area in the south of Brazil. The chemical characteristics, Cu levels and Zn levels, were analyzed in the soils by extraction with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) using the 3050B method of USEPA and by chemical fractionation. Cu and Zn were accumulated in the vineyard soils, especially in the uppermost soil layers and in the soil from the oldest vineyard. Approximately, 75% of the total Cu was extracted by EDTA, but only 30% of the total Zn was extracted by EDTA. Most of the Cu, especially in the oldest vineyard, was distributed in the mineral-associated fraction, which is characterized by low geochemical mobility, but another important part of the Cu was distributed in the soil organic matter. Most of the Zn in the soil was distributed in the residual and mineral-associated fractions, which are characterized by low mobility and have potential for causing toxicity to plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Contribution of nitrogen from agricultural residues of rye to ‘Niagara Rosada’ grape nutrition.
- Author
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Bastos de Melo, George Wellington, Kaminski, João, Trentin, Gustavo, Girotto, Eduardo, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Miotto, Alcione, and Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze
- Subjects
- *
AGRICULTURAL wastes , *NITROGEN , *GRAPES , *BIODEGRADATION , *FOX grape , *PLANT cells & tissues , *SOIL sampling , *NUTRITION - Abstract
Highlights: [•] The recovery of N by ‘Niagara Rosada’ grape from the decomposition of rye residues deposited on the soil surface was evaluated. [•] We used in the study rye residues labeled with 15N. [•] The N derived from the litter of rye added into the soil surface was accumulated at similar percentage in the annual and perennial organs of the ‘Niagara Rosada’ grape. [•] The N derived from litter of rye apparently contributed little to the ‘Niagara Rosada’ grape nutrition in the time length studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Long-Term Effects of Animal Manures on Nutrient Recovery and Soil Quality in Acid Typic Hapludalf under No-Till Conditions.
- Author
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Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, De Conti, Lessandro, Marchezan, Carina, Girotto, Eduardo, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, Palermo, Natália Moreira, Parent, Léon-Étienne, and Brunetto, Gustavo
- Subjects
- *
ACID soils , *SOIL quality , *NO-tillage , *SWINE manure , *FARM manure , *FERTILIZERS , *MANURES - Abstract
No-till farming and manure application are means of storing carbon in soil and increasing soil quality. However, the organic fertilization of no-till soils may sustain subtropical agroecosystems for only a limited period until the soil quality declines. The C, N, P, and other nutrient cycles are perturbed due to the nutrient imbalance in manures and their application on the soil surface, which poses a risk for nutrient dispersion into the environment. Long-term N-based manure application also impacts the apparent nutrient recovery (ANR) by crops and, hence, the crop quality. Our objective was to monitor changes in soil quality and to measure nutrient recovery from N-based organic fertilization in a Brazilian agroecosystem. A long-term experiment was established in May 2004 on Typic Hapludalf soil in Southern Brazil. The experiment comprised two periods: 2004–2009 and 2009–2020. The treatments were unfertilized (control), pig slurry, pig deep litter (swine manure and rice husk), cattle slurry, and mineral fertilizer (urea, triple superphosphate, and K chloride). Grain and cover crops were grown. The maize grain yield and oat biomass were used as indicators of productivity. The application of cattle slurry, pig deep litter, and pig slurry increased the grain production by 20% on average compared to mineral fertilization. Organic manuring increased the soil pH by up to one unit, while urea acidified the soil. The highest crop yields were obtained with pig deep litter, which increased the levels of P, K, Ca, Mg, and C in the soil test. Pig deep litter showed the highest N-ANR for the aboveground part of the plants. The ANRs for P, K, Ca, and Mg were also highest when pig slurry had been applied. The ANR values for the micronutrients varied widely among the organic sources but indicated large marginal offtake gains compared to mineral fertilization. The N-based fertilization with animal manures increased the rate of nutrient uptake by plants but led to an accumulation of nutrients in the soil, threatening the sustainability of the system. Manure applications must be monitored regularly to avoid the accumulation of nutrients that could impair the soil quality and become an environmental problem in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Soil Phosphorus Fractions in a Sandy Typic Hapludaft as Affected by Phosphorus Fertilization and Grapevine Cultivation Period.
- Author
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Brunetto, Gustavo, Lorensini, Felipe, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo, Trentin, Gustavo, Girotto, Eduardo, Miotto, Alcione, Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, and de Melo, George Wellington
- Subjects
GRAPE growing ,PHOSPHORUS in soils ,PLANT fertilization ,PHOSPHATE fertilizers ,ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment ,COVER crops ,HUMUS - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to quantify the phosphorus (P) fractions in phosphate-fertilized sandy soils under grapevines. Soil was sampled from a grassland site and two vineyards (13 and 31 years old) in the State Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from the layers 0–5, 5–10, 10–15, 15–20, and 20–40 cm deep. The samples were prepared and P fractions were assessed by chemical fractionation. Phosphate fertilization of the vineyard soils increased P contents to a depth of 40 cm, especially in the more recalcitrant fractions but detectable in the more labile fractions as well, which are plant available and may increase the risk of environmental contamination. Phosphate fertilizers and the period of grapevine cultivation had little effect on the levels of organic P forms, whereas cover crops in vineyards could be an appropriate strategy to increase or maintain the levels of soil organic matter and the levels of organic P over the years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Forms of nitrogen and phosphorus transfer by runoff in soil under no-tillage with successive organic waste and mineral fertilizers applications.
- Author
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Lourenzi, Cledimar Rogério, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Ciancio, Nathalia Haydee Riveros, Tiecher, Tadeu Luis, da Silva, Lincon Oliveira Stefanello, De Conti, Lessandro, Girotto, Eduardo, Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Vidal, Ricardo Fagan, Scopel, Gustavo, Marchezan, Carina, and Brunetto, Gustavo
- Subjects
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ORGANIC wastes , *MINE waste , *RUNOFF , *NO-tillage , *HUMUS - Abstract
The use of organic wastes in southern Brazil is a common practice in the farms and in many of these, the criterion for defining the doses of organic wastes is to meet the N demand by crops. This may mean the accumulation of chemical elements in the soil, especially in soils managed under no-tillage systems, and enhance the transfer of these elements by surface runoff. The aim was evaluated how successive applications of organic and mineral sources of nutrients in a long-term experiment, managed under no-tillage system in a subtropical environment, influence the transfer of quantities and forms of N and P by surface runoff. The experiment was carried out in southern Brazil, in a Typic Hapludalf soil. The treatments consisted of the application of pig slurry, pig deep litter, cattle slurry, mineral fertilizer and a control, without nutrients. The doses of organic wastes were to meet the N demand by crops. Were evaluated the surface runoff and the transfers of mineral N and forms of P (soluble, particulate, and total) from 2009 to 2013 period. The amount of solution transferred by surface runoff decreased with fertilization and present a negative relationship with the soil organic matter (SOM). The transfers of mineral N increased with the increase in the contents of SOM, but decreased with the runoff. The transfers of P forms present a great relationship with the amounts of P applied and the contents of soil P extracted by Mehlich-1, and more than 55% of total P transferred by surface runoff, in the treatments that received nutrients application, is on soluble form. In addition, the transfer of soluble, particulate and total P was lower with mineral fertilizer application, when compared with organic wastes. This suggest that the use of N demand by crops as a criterium to meet the doses of organic wastes is not adequate in subtropical environment. • Use of organic wastes as a source of nutrients for plants allows to close nutrient cycles. • The use of nitrogen to set the dose of organic wastes, adds high amounts of phosphorus to the soil. • The organic wastes use increased transfers of nitrogen and phosphorus by surface runoff. • The transfers of nitrogen and phosphorus by surface runoff cause contamination of water sources. • Need to reduce the quantities of organic wastes applied, adjusting the requirements of crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Soil-applied phosphorous is an effective tool to mitigate the toxicity of copper excess on grapevine grown in rhizobox.
- Author
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Baldi, Elena, Miotto, Alcione, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Quartieri, Maurizio, Sorrenti, Giovambattista, Brunetto, Gustavo, and Toselli, Moreno
- Subjects
- *
GRAPES , *PHOSPHORUS in soils , *GREENHOUSE plants , *FERTILIZATION (Biology) , *CITRIC acid - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of P soil addition to mitigate the toxic effect of excess of Cu on grapevine on sandy non-calcareous soil. Micro-propagated plants of 1103 Paulsen rootstock were grown according to a factorial experimental design with two factors: Cu addition (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg kg −1 dw) and P addition (0, 50 and 100 mg kg −1 soil dw). The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse and plants were grown on a sandy soil in rhizoboxes. At the end of the trial, plants were destructively harvested, the biomass and the nutrient concentration of organs were determined. Root growth was evaluated during the trial and the concentration of organic acid in root tissue and exudates was determined. Shoot length and plant biomass declined as Cu concentration in soil increased; the application of P enhanced plant growth and nutritional status. Root biomass decreased at Cu > 100 mg kg −1 and increased in P at 100 mg kg −1 . Phosphorous stimulated root length, diameter and the number of apexes. Root citric acid increased as a response of Cu at 300 mg kg −1 , root ascorbic acid decreased with the increase of Cu (200 and 300 mg kg −1 ) and P at 100 mg kg −1 . The concentration of citric acid from root exudations was higher in Cu at 300 mg kg −1 and Cu at 200 mg kg −1 (compared to control) and P at 100 mg kg −1 soils. The application of P fertilization seems to be a valuable strategy to overcome the toxicity of high concentration of Cu in soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Distribution and redistribution of phosphorus forms in grapevines.
- Author
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Piccin, Rogério, Kaminski, João, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Tiecher, Tales, Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo, Bellinaso, Roque Junior Sartori, Marchezan, Carina, Souza, Rodrigo Otávio Schneider de, and Brunetto, Gustavo
- Subjects
- *
GRAPES , *GROWING season , *PHOSPHORUS in soils , *DORMANCY in plants , *RIVERBANK grape - Abstract
Increased phosphorus (P) available in soil can modify the partitioning of P forms in annual and perennial organs of grapevines throughout the growing season. This study was to evaluate the distribution and redistribution of P forms in organs of grapevines grown in soils with different contents of available P. The study was conducted in two vineyards installed in the city of Santana do Livramento, state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), in southern Brazil. The treatments were vineyard 1 (V1) with 11.8 mg kg −1 of available P in soil and vineyard 2 (V2) with 34.6 mg kg −1 . The cultivar of both vineyards is Tannat ( Vitis vinifera L.) grafted on SO4 ( Vitis berlandieri × Vitis riparia ) rootstock. Plant density per hectare was 2525 (1.2 m × 3.2 m) on a spur pruned cordon system. The grapevines were uprooted and partitioned into roots, trunks, arms, spurs, new-year shoots, leaves and clusters (when present) at flowering (F), veraison (V), harvest (H) and dormancy (D). The organs were dried, prepared and subjected to chemical fractionation of P, to estimate fractions of total acid-soluble P (P ST ), acid-soluble inorganic P (P SI ), acid-soluble organic P (P SO ) (by difference between T SP and P SI ), phospholipids P (P LIP ), P associated with RNA (P RNA ), P associated with DNA (P DNA ) and residual P (P RES ). P in grapevines of V1 and V2 accumulated mainly in the P SI fraction in leaves and clusters, which was collected at F, V and H, and in P SO fraction in roots, collected at D. Part of the root P SI was redistributed at F to the leaves and clusters in vines of V1. Vines grown in V2 accumulated more P in P SO form in roots and tended to redistribute less P SI to the leaves and clusters after F. Grapevines accumulated P in roots, both in soils with low and high available P contents, and P was subsequently redistributed and accumulated in leaves and clusters in inorganic form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Soil tillage to reduce surface metal contamination – model development and simulations of zinc and copper concentration profiles in a pig slurry-amended soil.
- Author
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Mallmann, Fábio Joel Kochem, Rheinheimer, Danilo dos Santos, Ceretta, Carlos Alberto, Cella, Cesar, Minella, Jean Paolo Gomes, Guma, Rosana Lamana, Filipović, Vilim, van Oort, Folkert, and Šimůnek, Jirka
- Subjects
- *
TILLAGE , *SOIL composition , *ZINC , *COPPER in soils , *SLURRY , *SOIL amendments , *SWINE manure , *GROUNDWATER pollution - Abstract
Long-term applications of organic amendments, such as pig slurry (PS), may represent environmental risk of soil and water pollution by trace metals (TM). Our objective was to examine different soil and manure management scenarios that enhance the long-term agricultural use of soils under repetitive PS applications while avoiding environmental risk. Firstly, we developed a new module for simulating the impacts of soil tillage frequencies in Hydrus-1D. Secondly, we used a previously validated modeling approach to predict the surface accumulation and movement of the TM during the next 100-year in the soil under different PS doses (80 and 40 m 3 ha −1 cultivation −1 ) and tillage frequencies (no-tillage and 20, 10, and 5-year tillage). No-tillage simulations revealed consistent TM surface accumulations, reaching the soil threshold value for Cu in the 0–20 cm layer after 86 years of PS amendments at high doses, but in layers 0–5, 0–10, and 5–10 cm, this concentration was already reached after 17, 38, and 75 years, respectively. While soil tillage reduced TM concentrations over the top 20 cm of the soil profile, it increased their transfer to deeper layers. Periodical soil tillage each 5, 10, and 20 years was found to allow PS applications without reaching the Cu threshold value in soil during 100 years. However, soil solution concentrations of Zn reached the threshold values for groundwater. Therefore, the best manure management practice for the long-term PS disposal with respect to Zn and Cu concentrations in soil is the application of moderate PS rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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