17 results on '"Chen, Lushi"'
Search Results
2. Monitoring depressive symptoms using social media data
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Chen, Lushi, Wolters, Maria, Walid, Magdy, and Whalley, Heather
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302.23 - Abstract
Social media data contains rich information about one's emotions and daily life experiences. In the recent decade, researchers have found links between people's behavior on social media platforms and their mental health status. However, little effort has been spent on mapping social media behaviors to the psychological processes underlying the psychopathological symptoms. Identifying these links may allow researchers to observe the trajectory of the illness through social media behaviors. The psychological processes examined in this thesis include affective patterns, distorted cognitive thinking and topics relevant to mental health status. In the first part of the thesis, we conducted two studies to explore methods to extract affective patterns from social media text. We demonstrated that mood fluctuations and mood transitions extracted from social media text reflect an individual's depressive symptom level. In another study, we demonstrated that the affect from content not written by social media users themselves, such as quotes and lyrics, also reflects depressive symptoms, but the implications from these are different from content written by the users themselves. In the second part of the thesis, we identified distorted thinking from social media text. We found that these thinking patterns have a higher association with users' self-reported depressive symptom levels than affect extracted from users' text. In the last part of the thesis, we manually compiled topic dictionaries related to suicidal ideations according to the psychopathology literature. We found that users' suicidal risk levels can be estimated by using these topics. The estimation can be improved by combining these topics with results from a language model. The data-driven empirical studies in this thesis demonstrated that we can characterize the social media signals in a way that impacts our understanding of mental disorder symptoms. We blended data-driven methods such as machine learning, natural language processing and data science with theoretical insights from psychology.
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- 2021
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3. Sleep duration and efficiency are associated with plasma amyloid-β in non-demented older people
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Liu, Yajing, Chen, Lushi, Huang, Shuyun, Lv, Zeping, Hu, Lang, Luo, Jiali, Shang, Pan, Wang, Yukai, and Xie, Haiqun
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- 2022
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4. Correction to: Sleep duration and efficiency are associated with plasma amyloid-β in non-demented older people
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Liu, Yajing, Chen, Lushi, Huang, Shuyun, Lv, Zeping, Hu, Lang, Luo, Jiali, Shang, Pan, Wang, Yukai, and Xie, Haiqun
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- 2022
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5. High Fall Risk Associated With Memory Deficit and Brain Lobes Atrophy Among Elderly With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Alzheimer's Disease.
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Huang, Shuyun, Zhou, Xinhan, Liu, Yajing, Luo, Jiali, Lv, Zeping, Shang, Pan, Zhang, Weiping, Lin, Biqing, Huang, Qiulan, Feng, YanYun, Wang, Wei, Tao, Shuai, Wang, Yukai, Zhang, Chengguo, Chen, Lushi, Shi, Lin, Luo, Yishan, Mok, Vincent C. T., Pan, Suyue, and Xie, Haiqun
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AMNESTIC mild cognitive impairment ,MEMORY disorders ,CEREBRAL atrophy ,ALZHEIMER'S disease ,OLDER people ,SELF-monitoring (Psychology) ,MILD cognitive impairment - Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to primarily examine the association between memory deficit and increased fall risk, second, explore the underlying neuroanatomical linkage of this association in the elderly with aMCI and mild AD. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 103 older adults were included (55 cognitively normal, CN; 48 cognitive impairment, CI, elderly with aMCI, and mild AD). Memory was assessed by the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT). Fall risk was evaluated by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test, heel strike angles, and stride speed, which were collected by an inertial-sensor-based wearable instrument (the JiBuEn™ gait analysis system). Brain volumes were full-automatic segmented and quantified using AccuBrain
® v1.2 from three-dimensional T1-weighted (3D T1W) MR images. Multivariable regression analysis was used to examine the extent of the association between memory deficit and fall risk, the association of brain volumes with memory, and fall risk. Age, sex, education, BMI, and HAMD scores were adjusted. Sensitivity analysis was conducted. Results: Compared to CN, participants with aMCI and mild AD had poorer cognitive performance (p < 0.001), longer TUG time (p = 0.018), and smaller hippocampus and medial temporal volumes (p = 0.037 and 0.029). In the CI group, compared to good short delayed memory (SDM) performance (AVLT > 5), the elderly with bad SDM performance (AVLT ≤ 3) had longer TUG time, smaller heel strike angles, and slower stride speed. Multivariable regression analysis showed that elderly with poor memory had higher fall risk than relative good memory performance among cognitive impairment elderly. The TUG time increased by 2.1 s, 95% CI, 0.54∼3.67; left heel strike angle reduced by 3.22°, 95% CI, −6.05 to −0.39; and stride speed reduced by 0.09 m/s, 95% CI, −0.19 to −0.00 for the poor memory elderly among the CI group, but not found the association in CN group. In addition, serious medial temporal atrophy (MTA), small volumes of the frontal lobe and occipital lobe were associated with long TUG time and small heel strike angles; small volumes of the temporal lobe, frontal lobe, and parietal lobe were associated with slow stride speed. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that memory deficit was associated with increased fall risk in the elderly with aMCI and mild AD. The association might be mediated by the atrophy of medial temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes. Additionally, increased fall risk, tested by TUG time, heel stride angles, and stride speed, might be objective and convenient kinematics markers for dynamic monitoring of both memory function and fall risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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6. ARV-771 Acts as an Inducer of Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis to Suppress Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression.
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Deng, Yuanfei, Yu, Cuifu, Chen, Lushi, Zhang, Xin, Lei, Qiucheng, Liu, Qing, Cai, Gengxi, and Liu, Fang
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T helper cells ,HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma ,LIVER cancer ,CELL cycle ,PROTEOLYSIS ,DEUBIQUITINATING enzymes ,APOPTOSIS - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most commonly diagnosed liver cancer with limited treatment options and extremely poor prognosis worldwide. Recently, the proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), which aim to induce proteasome-mediated degradation of interesting proteins via recruiting E3 ligases, have become the advanced tools and attractive molecules for cancer treatment. However, the anticancer effects of PROTACs in HCC remain to be clarified. Here, we evaluate the anticancer activity of ARV-771, a previously reported PROTAC compound designed for bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins, in HCC. We show that ARV-771 suppresses the cell viability and colony formation of HCC cells via arresting cell cycle progression and triggering apoptosis. Further investigations reveal that ARV-771 notably downregulates multiple non-proteasomal deubiquitinases which are critical to the development of cancers. Additionally, HCC cells can decrease their sensitivity to ARV-771 via activating the MEK/ERK and p38 MAPKs. ARV-771 also inhibits HCC progression in vivo. Moreover, we show that ARV-771 and sorafenib, a Raf inhibitor that clinically used for targeted therapy of liver cancer, can synergistically inhibit the growth of HCC cells. Overall, this study not only explores the anticancer activity of ARV-771 and its underlying mechanisms in HCC, but also deepens our understanding of deubiquitinases, MAPKs, cell cycle, and apoptosis induction in cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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7. YAP1 Promotes Tumor Invasion and Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma with Hepatitis B Virus Infection
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Huang, Zeli, Su, Bojin, Liu, Fang, Zhang, Ning, Ye, Yilong, Zhang, Yang, Zhen, Zhenghe, Liang, Shaoqiang, Liang, Shaobo, Chen, Lushi, Luo, Weijun, Claret, François X, Huang, Ying, and Xu, Tao
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HBx ,nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,metastasis ,YAP1 ,hepatitis B ,digestive system diseases ,OncoTargets and Therapy ,Original Research - Abstract
Zeli Huang,1,* Bojin Su,2,* Fang Liu,3,* Ning Zhang,1 Yilong Ye,4 Yang Zhang,1 Zhenghe Zhen,1 Shaoqiang Liang,1 Shaobo Liang,1 Lushi Chen,1 Weijun Luo,1 François X Claret,5,6 Ying Huang,7,8 Tao Xu1 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathology, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Infection, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; 6Experimental Therapeutics Academic Program and Cancer Biology Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; 7Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 8State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ying HuangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail huangying@sysucc.org.cnTao XuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail asian.you@163.comIntroduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with HBsAg (+) commonly present with high frequencies of distant metastasis and poor survival rate; however, the mechanism has not been elucidated.Materials and Methods: We analyzed the yes-associated protein 1(YAP1) expression between HBsAg (+) and HBsAg (-) of NPC patients, then analyzed the relationship of YAP1 with survival. We further explored the anti-tumor role in NPC cell lines using YAP1 siRNA technique, and checked whether YAP1 regulatesepithelial–mesenchymal transition( EMT). The relationship between HBV X protein (HBx) and YAP1 was also tested using Dual-Luciferase reporter assay. Finally, we explored anti-YAP1 to inhibit tumor metastasis using the xenograft mice model.Results: In the current study, we found that YAP1 expression was higher in HBsAg (+) samples than in the HBsAg (-) samples, as a clinical signature, suggesting that YAP1 could be used as a prognostic factor for NPC. Our results showed that the HBx could regulate YAP1, further promoting cellular invasiveness through EMT. Anti-YAP1 can also decrease metastasis in vivo.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that YAP1 is a promising prognostic factor in NPC and could be used as a potential treatment target for NPC with HBV infection.Keywords: YAP1, hepatitis B, HBx, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, metastasis
- Published
- 2020
8. Subjective Sleep Quality in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Elderly and Its Possible Relationship With Plasma Amyloid-β.
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Liu, Yajing, Chen, Lushi, Huang, Shuyun, Zhang, Chengguo, Lv, Zeping, Luo, Jiali, Shang, Pan, Wang, Yukai, and Xie, Haiqun
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AMNESTIC mild cognitive impairment ,ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay ,SLEEP ,OLDER people - Abstract
Study objectives: To investigate the extent to which sleep quality associated with plasma Aβ levels in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) elderly. Methods: A total of 172 cognitively normal (NC) elderly and 133 aMCI elderly were included in this study. For the evaluation of sleep quality, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used. Levels of plasma Aβ were determined by the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Multivariable linear regression analysis was applied to evaluate associations between sleep quality and plasma Aβ levels after adjusting potential confounders. Results: Compared to NC subjects, participants with aMCI had a higher global PSQI score (8.72 ± 3.87 vs. 7.10 ± 3.07, p < 0.001). The global PSQI score was positively associated with plasma Aβ
42 level in the aMCI group (β = 0.063, 95% CI 0.001–0.125, and p = 0.049) but not in the NC group (p > 0.05). Additionally, a higher global PSQI score was associated with a higher plasma Aβ42 /Aβ40 ratio in both NC (β = 0.010, 95% CI 0.003–0.016, and p = 0.003) and aMCI groups (β = 0.012, 95% CI 0.005–0.018, and p < 0.001). The association between global PSQI score and plasma Aβ42 /Aβ40 ratio was stronger in individuals with aMCI relative to the NC subjects (β = 0.076 vs. 0.030, p for interaction = 0.023). Conclusion: Poor sleep quality was associated with plasma Aβ42 and Aβ42 /Aβ40 ratio, with a stronger effect among individuals with aMCI. A better understanding of the role of sleep in plasma Aβ levels in aMCI patients could lead to effective sleep-based intervention against the risk of Alzheimer's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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9. A brief review of forensically important flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae).
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Ren, Lipin, Shang, Yanjie, Chen, Wei, Meng, Fanming, Cai, Jifeng, Zhu, Guanghui, Chen, Lushi, Wang, Yong, Deng, Jianqiang, and Guo, Yadong
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SARCOPHAGIDAE ,FORENSIC entomology ,CARRION insects ,BIODEGRADATION ,FORENSIC sciences - Abstract
Forensic entomology could provide valuable data for the minimum postmortem interval (PMI
min ) estimation and other relevant information, such as causes and circumstances of death. Some representatives of flesh flies are one of the dominant necrophagous insects during early stages of decomposition, demonstrating unique biological characteristics compared with other necrophagous flies. Moreover, they lead to global health concerns as carriers of various pathogenic micro-organisms, and dominantly result in the traumatic myiasis. Thus, sarcophagid flies are considered important in decomposition processes for PMImin estimation. However, the utility of sarcophagid flies has been seriously hampered by limited ecological, biological and taxonomic knowledge of them. The aim of this paper is to provide a brief review on the species, distribution and biological habit of forensically important sarcophagid flies. In addition, the relation between traumatic myiasis and flesh flies, molecular identification methods and developmental pattern of flesh flies are summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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10. Building a profile of subjective well-being for social media users.
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Chen, Lushi, Gong, Tao, Kosinski, Michal, Stillwell, David, and Davidson, Robert L.
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SUBJECTIVE well-being (Psychology) , *SOCIAL media , *SATISFACTION , *RANDOM forest algorithms , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests - Abstract
Subjective well-being includes ‘affect’ and ‘satisfaction with life’ (SWL). This study proposes a unified approach to construct a profile of subjective well-being based on social media language in Facebook status updates. We apply sentiment analysis to generate users’ affect scores, and train a random forest model to predict SWL using affect scores and other language features of the status updates. Results show that: the computer-selected features resemble the key predictors of SWL as identified in early studies; the machine-predicted SWL is moderately correlated with the self-reported SWL (r = 0.36, p < 0.01), indicating that language-based assessment can constitute valid SWL measures; the machine-assessed affect scores resemble those reported in a previous experimental study; and the machine-predicted subjective well-being profile can also reflect other psychological traits like depression (r = 0.24, p < 0.01). This study provides important insights for psychological prediction using multiple, machine-assessed components and longitudinal or dense psychological assessment using social media language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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11. An Image Based Detection of Pedestrian Crossing.
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Cao Yuzhen, Chen Lushi, and Jia Shuo
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- 2009
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12. Complications of Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy and Pelvic Lymphadenectomy-Experience of 117 Patients.
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Yan, Xiaojian, Li, Guangyi, Shang, Huilin, Wang, Gang, Chen, Lushi, and Han, Yubin
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To describe the combined surgical technique of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (LRH + LPL) for cervical cancers and summarize our experiences in prevention and treatment of complications, so as to provide strategies to prevent and appropriately manage the complications that may occur during these procedures.A retrospective study was conducted on LRH + LPL in 117 cases of cervical cancer with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages Ib (n = 96) and II a (n = 21) from August 1998 to December 2006. The intraoperative and postoperative complications were analyzed.The overall conversion rate was 1.7% (2/117). Four patients had vessel injuries, 3 of which were treated laparoscopically. One patient had a common iliac vein laceration that could not be controlled laparoscopically after failing to deal with the injured branch of common iliac vein. Cystotomy occurred in 5 patients. One case of stage IIa with a bladder laceration longer than 3 cm was converted to laparotomy during the early stages of the learning curve. The remaining 4 were managed laparoscopically. Postoperative complications occurred in 38.5% (n = 45) of the patients, including 38 patients with urinary retention who exhibited complete resolution within 6 months by intermittent training and catheterization, 4 with lymphocyst who underwent conservation treatment, 1 with ureteral fistula that was treated by cystoscopic placement of double-J ureteral stents, 1 with mild adynamic bowel obstruction who received conservative management, and 1 with vesicovaginal fistula that was closed by conservative treatment.With the continuous skilled laparoscopic technology, mastering the tips of prevention, and treatment of complications, LRH + LPL will be widely performed in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
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13. A comparison of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy and laparotomy in the treatment of Ib-IIa cervical cancer
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Li, Guangyi, Yan, Xiaojian, Shang, Huilin, Wang, Gang, Chen, Lushi, and Han, Yubin
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HYSTERECTOMY , *CERVICAL cancer , *CANCER treatment , *LAPAROSCOPY - Abstract
Abstract: Objective. : To compare the feasibility, morbidity, and survival outcome of the laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (LRH+LPL) with abdominal radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (ARH+APL) for FIGO stage Ib-IIa cervical carcinoma. Methods. : The consecutive cases with FIGO Ib-IIa cervical cancer from August 1998 to December 2005 were documented, including 90 patients underwent LRH+LPL, and 35 patients underwent ARH+APL as control group. The clinic data of perioperative periods and survival were compared between groups. Results. : In laparoscopy group the operating time increased significantly (262.99±67.6 min vs. 217.2±71.56 min, P =0.001), and the recovery time of bowel decreased significantly (1.96±0.62 days vs. 2.40±1.06 days, P =0.025). No significant difference was found between groups when the blood loss during operation (369.78±249.94 ml vs. 455.14±338.05 ml, P =0.125), numbers of the pelvic lymph nodes resected (21.28±8.39 vs. 18.77±9.47, P =0.151), recovery time of bladder function and postoperative hospital stays were compared. All laparoscopic procedures were completed successfully except 2 cases converted to laparotomy. The median follow-up was 26 months (range 5 to 84 months). Ten and five cases lost to follow-up in laparoscopy and laparotomy group, respectively. Excluding the lost cases, the recurrence rate (13.75% vs. 12%, P >0.05) and the mortality rate (10% vs. 8%, P >0.05) between groups was similar. Conclusion. : Our data demonstrated that cervical cancer could be treated successfully with LRH+LPL with similar efficacy and recurrence rates to ARH+APL. LRH+LPL is a safe and effective alternative to conventional abdominal surgery for stage Ib-IIa cervical cancer, and should be used if the surgeon is sufficiently trained. Its clinical value should be confirmed by multicenter randomized clinic trials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2007
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14. Unique intestinal microflora and metabolic profile in different stages of hypertension reveal potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis.
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Yu Y, Zhu J, Fu R, Guo L, Chen T, Xu Z, Zhang J, Chen W, Chen L, and Yang X
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- Humans, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Male, Female, Adult, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Bacteria classification, Bacteria isolation & purification, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria metabolism, Aged, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Case-Control Studies, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Biomarkers blood, Hypertension microbiology, Hypertension diagnosis, Early Diagnosis, Metabolome, Feces microbiology
- Abstract
Introduction. Hypertension is the most prevalent chronic disease and a major risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Gap statement. However, there has been no substantial breakthrough in aetiology, new drug targets, and drug development of hypertension in recent 50 years. Research aim. Therefore, this study was to screen unique intestinal microbiome and serum metabolic biomarkers which can early diagnose and track the prognosis of hypertension patients in different periods, and analyse its underlying mechanisms and functions. Methods. Four groups of stool and serum samples, including healthy controls (HCs), prehypertension (PHT), hypertension (HT), and hypertension-related complications (HTC), were collected. Microbial diversity assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing. The metabolites in serum samples were detected through LC-MS/MS analysis. Results. The composition of gut microbiota in patients exhibited dissimilarities compared to that in healthy subjects, which was distinguished by Prevotella, Slackia , Enterococcus , Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillales may be potential markers for tracking the progression of hypertension, and Bifidobacterium , Butyricimonas , Adlercreutzia , Faecalibacterium , Lactobacillus , Ruminococcus , Clostridium , and Acidaminococcus demonstrated diagnostic value. Meanwhile, tracking the dynamic changes of deoxycholic acid, 4-oxododecanedioic acid, and l-arginine can serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis, and investigation into the mechanism by which the intestinal microbiome influences the onset and progression of hypertension. In terms of pathogenesis, the findings revealed that Bifidobacterium may caused the changes of AST, indirect bilirubin, ALT, triglyceride and uric acid by affecting metabolites cis-7-hexadecenoic acid methyl ester and N1-acetylspermidine. Additionally, Coprococcus may cause changes in albumin through the influence of androsterone enanthate. Conclusions. These findings highlight that the unique intestinal microbiome and serum metabolic profile in different periods of hypertension will provide valuable insight for timely diagnosis and prognosis tracking in hypertension patients with promising clinical applications.
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- 2024
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15. Diagnostic accuracy of multi-component spatial-temporal gait parameters in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.
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Huang S, Hou X, Liu Y, Shang P, Luo J, Lv Z, Zhang W, Lin B, Huang Q, Tao S, Wang Y, Zhang C, Chen L, Pan S, and Xie H
- Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to develop a diagnostic model of multi-kinematic parameters for patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI)., Method: In this cross-sectional study, 94 older adults were included (33 cognitively normal, CN; and 61 aMCI). We conducted neuropsychological battery tests, such as global cognition and cognitive domains, and collected gait parameters by an inertial-sensor gait analysis system. Multivariable regression models were used to identify the potential diagnostic variables for aMCI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to assess the diagnostic accuracy of kinematic parameters in discriminating aMCI from healthy subjects., Results: Multivariable regression showed that multi-kinematic parameters were the potential diagnostic variables for aMCI. The multi-kinematic parameter model, developed using Timed Up and Go (TUG) time, stride length, toe-off/heel stride angles, one-leg standing (OLS) time, and braking force, showed areas under ROC (AUC), 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.905-0.857]; sensitivity, 0.90; and specificity, 0.91. In contrast, a single kinematic parameter's sensitivity was 0.26-0.95 and specificity was 0.21-0.90. Notably, the separating capacity of multi-kinematic parameters was highly similar to Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; AUC: 0.96 vs. 0.95). Compared to cognitive domain tests, the separating ability was comparable to Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) and Boston Naming Test (BNT; AUC: 0.96 vs. 0.97; AUC: 0.96 vs. 0.94)., Conclusion: We developed one diagnostic model of multi-kinematic parameters for patients with aMCI in Foshan., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Huang, Hou, Liu, Shang, Luo, Lv, Zhang, Lin, Huang, Tao, Wang, Zhang, Chen, Pan and Xie.)
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- 2022
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16. The longitudinal associations between bone mineral density and appendicular skeletal muscle mass in Chinese community-dwelling middle aged and elderly men.
- Author
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Xu X, Xu N, Wang Y, Chen J, Chen L, Zhang S, Chen J, Deng H, Luan X, and Shen J
- Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to investigate longitudinal associations between bone mineral densities (BMDs) and appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) mass in different regions of the body using three different indicators, in Chinese community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly men., Methods: A total of 1,343 men aged ≥ 40 years from a Chinese community were assessed at baseline (2014-2016), one-year follow-up (2016-2017; n = 648), two-year follow-up (2017-2018; n = 407), and three-year follow up (2018-2019; n = 208). At all the four time-points, measurements included ASM mass and BMDs for all regions of the body using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A questionnaire was completed by patients and biochemical markers were assessed. We applied three different indicators to define ASM mass or lean mass respectively, including the appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASM adjusted by height, ASMI, according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia), skeletal muscle index (ASM adjusted by weight, SMI, according to the International Working Group on Sarcopenia), and the appendicular skeletal muscle/body mass index (ratio of ASM and Body mass index (BMI), ASM/BMI, according to the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health). After adjusting for potential confounders, the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) was used to analyze the trend in ASM mass over time, and to test the association between ASM mass and regional and whole-body BMDs., Results: The incidence of low lean mass was 8.2% defined by ASMI, 16.3% defined by SMI, and 8.3% defined by ASM/BMI. There was a linear relationship between BMDs and ASM mass, and ASMI, ASM/BMI, and SMI gradually decreased with time. After adjusting for covariances, GAMM analysis determined longitudinal associations between BMDs and ASM mass by three indicators respectively: the skull BMD was negatively associated with ASM mass. For each unit increase in skull BMD, ASMI decreased by 0.28 kg/m
2 (95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.39 to -0.16]), ASM/BMI decreased by 0.02 m2 (95% CI [-0.03 to -0.00]), and SMI decreased by 0.01% (95% CI[-0.01 to -0.00]). The remaining parameters (including whole-body mean BMD, thoracic spinal BMD, lumbar spinal BMD, hip BMD, femoral neck BMD, pelvic BMD, left arm BMD, right arm BMD, left leg BMD, right leg BMD) were positively correlated with ASM mass. The ASMI increased by 3.07 kg/m2 for each unit increase in the femoral neck BMD (95% CI [2.31-3.84]). The ASM/BMI increased by 0.22 m2 for each unit increase in the left arm BMD (95% CI [0.12-0.33]), and the SMI increased by 0.05% per unit increase in the left arm BMD (95% CI [0.02-0.08])., Conclusions: Compared to ASMI and ASM/BMI, SMI was more sensitive to screen for the low lean mass. Skull BMD was negatively associated with ASM mass, while BMDs throughout the rest of the body were positively correlated with ASM mass among the middle-aged and elderly Chinese men., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests., (©2021 Xu et al.)- Published
- 2021
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17. Effects of altered catecholamine metabolism on pigmentation and physical properties of sclerotized regions in the silkworm melanism mutant.
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Qiao L, Li Y, Xiong G, Liu X, He S, Tong X, Wu S, Hu H, Wang R, Hu H, Chen L, Zhang L, Wu J, Dai F, Lu C, and Xiang Z
- Subjects
- Animals, Bombyx genetics, Melanosis genetics, Pigmentation genetics, Pigmentation physiology, Bombyx metabolism, Melanosis metabolism
- Abstract
Catecholamine metabolism plays an important role in the determination of insect body color and cuticle sclerotization. To date, limited research has focused on these processes in silkworm. In the current study, we analyzed the interactions between catecholamines and melanin genes and their effects on the pigmentation patterns and physical properties of sclerotized regions in silkworm, using the melanic mutant melanism (mln) silkworm strain as a model. Injection of β-alanine into mln mutant silkworm induced a change in catecholamine metabolism and turned its body color yellow. Further investigation of the catecholamine content and expression levels of the corresponding melanin genes from different developmental stages of Dazao-mln (mutant) and Dazao (wild-type) silkworm revealed that at the larval and adult stages, the expression patterns of melanin genes precipitated dopamine accumulation corresponding to functional loss of Bm-iAANAT, a repressive effect of excess NBAD on ebony, and upregulation of tan in the Dazao-mln strain. During the early pupal stage, dopamine did not accumulate in Dazao-mln, since upregulation of ebony and black genes led to conversion of high amounts of dopamine into NBAD, resulting in deep yellow cuticles. Scanning electron microscope analysis of a cross-section of adult dorsal plates from both wild-type and mutant silkworm disclosed the formation of different layers in Dazao-mln owing to lack of NADA, compared to even and dense layers in Dazao. Analysis of the mechanical properties of the anterior wings revealed higher storage modulus and lower loss tangent in Dazao-mln, which was closely associated with the altered catecholamine metabolism in the mutant strain. Based on these findings, we conclude that catecholamine metabolism is crucial for the color pattern and physical properties of cuticles in silkworm. Our results should provide a significant contribution to Lepidoptera cuticle tanning research.
- Published
- 2012
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