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Electronic industry is an economic pillar in China. Due to the Moore's Law, the industry requires continuous development and innovation. In order to achieve these goals, the cultivation of electronic application-oriented undergraduate is essential. However, at current, the innovative educational concepts and teaching methods are lagging behind so that the graduates cannot meet the requirements of electronic industry. In this paper, we adopt a variety of measures, which include the construction of parallel course system, the establishment of cooperative education mechanics and the creation of training evaluation mode, to improve the training quality of electronic application-oriented undergraduate. The research findings show that the undergraduates improve their engineering practices and innovation abilities.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapy has demonstrated poor efficacy for solid tumors. The low number and poor functional persistence of CAR‐T cells in tumors are the main limiting factors. Here a Chemokine‐based Injectable platform for enhancing adoptive T cells' Efficacy (CITE) is presented. CITE consists of peritumorally‐injected immunogel co‐loading chemotactic CXCL9 particles with PD‐1 antibody (aPD1) and intravenously‐infused tumor‐penetrating peptide iRGD. Immunogel formed drug depots and allowed sustained release of cargo peritumorally while iRGD facilitated tumor infiltration of gel‐released drugs, thus remarkably increasing the amount of CXCL9 and aPD1 in the tumor. CITE induced an effective chemotactic gradient to promote the tumor‐specific migration of CAR‐T cells and boosted the function of infiltrated T cells by blocking immunosuppression via a two‐in‐one approach. Consequently, CITE yielded a 218‐fold increase in the intratumoral number of transferred T cells and substantially improved the efficacies of transferred T cell receptor (TCR)‐T cells and CAR‐T cells in multiple syngeneic tumor models, including immunologically "cold" tumors, in immunocompetent mice. More importantly, CITE enhanced systemic antitumor immunity and elicited immune memory, enabling CITE to treat multimodal, metastatic, and recurrent tumors. CITE is broadly applicable to adoptive cell therapies involving CAR‐T or TCR‐T cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main focus of this paper is to study some high codimension bifurcations of a predator-prey system with Michaelis-Menten type predator harvesting. In this paper, using the center manifold theorem, the cusp bifurcation of codimension two is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the Bautin bifurcation of codimension two and the Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation of codimension three are well studied by computing the second Lyapunov coefficient and using the normal form theory, respectively. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the theoretical results. The study of these bifurcations reveals the more complex dynamics of the system and may help us to better understand the complex interactions between predator and prey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The discovery and development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has significantly enhanced the arsenal of immunotherapy treatments available for cancer patients. The identification of biomarkers that are indicative of an individual's sensitivity to treatment with ICIs is useful for screening SCLC patients prior to commencement of any ICIs based immunotherapy. However, the relationship between GBP5 and the prognosis of SCLC immunotherapy is still unclear and requires further study.Methods: We downloaded two SCLC datasets, namely the George-SCLC and Jiang-SCLC cohorts. We used the TIDE algorithm to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy for SCLC patients. The QuanTIseq, MCPcounter, and EPIC algorithms are used to calculate the proportions of immune cells in SCLC patients. Additionally, we retrospectively collected 35 SCLC samples from the first affiliated hospital of the Hengyang Medical school.Results: Patients in each cohort were devided into two groups with high (GBP5-High) and low (GBP5-Low) expression of GBP5. In both cohorts, the GBP5-High population had a higher proportion of patients that responded well to immunotherapy (responders) (p < 0.05). In addition, both GBP5-High subgroups had significantly increased cytotoxicity, chemokines, antigen presenting, and TNF family related genes. We also determined that GBP5 was related to high-level infiltration of B cells, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells and NK cells.Conclusion: In this study, we found that GBP5 has the potential to be used as a biomarker of ICIs efficacy for SCLC patients. GBP5 is related to the quantity of inflammatory molecules, a high level of immune infiltration, and a highly activated immune response pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proved to have anti‐inflammatory capabilities, but the mechanisms are still under investigation. Recently, oxylipins have been identified as being related to the immuno‐regulation function of MSCs, but the MSC‐derived oxylipins, especially under the stimulation of versatile pro‐inflammatory cytokines, have never been comprehensively analyzed. In the present research, a UPLC–MS/MS method was employed to identify and quantify the oxylipin profiles of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) under cytokine stimulation (IL‐1β, TNF‐α, IFN‐훾 and TNF‐α + IFN‐훾). The differentially produced oxylipins between experimental groups were analyzed and compared. The elevated level of lipoxygenase‐15 (LOX‐15) mRNA was further verified by qRT‐PCR analysis. From the targeted 71 oxylipins, we detected and quantified 57 oxylipins, while 14 were not detected. Distinctive from other cytokines, ADSCs activated by the combination of IFN‐훾 and TNF‐α up‐regulated LOX‐15 products 7‐HDHA and 15‐HEPE, which were metabolized from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid, respectively, and involved in the pro‐resolution phase of inflammation. The results reported here make a first step towards a comprehensive characterization of MSC‐derived oxylipins under differential proinflammatory cytokine stimulation. The findings may lay a fundamental foundation for MSC‐based therapies and further determine ways to optimize the therapeutic potential of MSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the ratio of diastolic to systolic durations (D/S) and echocardiographic parameters of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and evaluate whether the D/S can be used as a supplementary biomarker for the classification of heart failure (HF) phenotypes. Methods: In total, 122 CHF patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%, 40%≤LVEF< 50%, or ≥ 50% were categorized as having HF with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (N=32), HF with a mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) (N=21) or HF with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (N=69), respectively. All patients underwent echocardiography for assessment of nineteen structural and functional echocardiographic parameters and digital phonocardiography for the measurement of D/S. Spearman correlation was used to analyse the associations between the D/S and echocardiographic parameters. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the associations between the D/S and HF phenotypes, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to evaluate the predictive value of the D/S in the classification of HF phenotypes. Results: The D/S values of patients with HFrEF, HFmrEF and HFpEF were 1.32± 0.06, 1.44± 0.11 and 1.54± 0.08, respectively, which were significantly different (All P< 0.05). A close correlation between the D/S and LVEF was found (r=0.777, P< 0.001). The multivariate analysis indicated that the D/S was an independent risk factor for CHF phenotypes (OR=4.927, 95% CI 2.532– 9.587; P< 0.001). The area under the ROC curve for distinguishing between HFmrEF and HFpEF using the D/S was 0.764 (95% CI 0.707– 0.845; P < 0.001) and that for distinguishing between HFmrEF and HFrEF using the D/S was 0.821 (95% CI 0.755– 0.882; P < 0.001). Conclusion: The D/S was significantly associated with LVEF, and as LVEF decreased, the D/S tended to decrease, which could also serve as a noninvasive supplementary indicator for detecting systolic and diastolic dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic reefs are developed in the Changxing Formation (Fm.) in the southeastern end of the Kaijiang-Liangping ocean trough, eastern Sichuan. Due to the ambiguous seismic reflection characteristics of organic reefs, application of organic reef recognition methods that have been successfully employed in other areas is limited in the study area, but these methods can still indicate development of favorable facies zones. Accordingly, supplemented by seismic reflection characteristics analysis, seismic attributes analysis and time-difference analysis, frequency decomposition and reconstruction interpretation technique, high-frequency uncompressing method, and dominant azimuth lightening method were optimized to be the core technologies of enhanced and fine depiction technique system of organic reefs. The technique system transforms seismic data from the time and reflection angle domain to the frequency and azimuth-offset domain; increases the differences in seismic reflection characteristics in and out of organic reefs, especially patch reefs of small volume and low recognition; enhances seismic reflection characteristics of both the outline especially the lateral boundary and interior of organic reefs; and achieves precisely depicting the boundary of organic reefs and fine recognition of the internal structure of platform margin facies reefs such as reef core, fore reef, and back reef. This technique system provides a new technical idea for organic reef recognition, has produced optimistic recognition effects in the study area, and is of certain guidance significant to the research into recognition of organic reefs with ambiguous seismic reflection characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three kinds of bifurcations of two coupled Rulkov neurons with electrical synapses are investigated in this paper. The critical normal forms are derived based on the center manifold theorem and the normal form theory. For the flip and the Neimark-Sacker bifurcation, the quartic terms and above in the normal forms are defined as higher order terms, which originate from the Taylor expansion of the original system. Then the effects of the quartic and quintic terms on the flip and the Neimark-Sacker bifurcation structure are discussed, which verifies that the normal form is locally topologically equivalent to the original system for the infinitesimal 4-sphere of initial conditions and tiny perturbation on the bifurcation curve. By the flip-Neimark-Sacker bifurcation analysis, a novel firing pattern can be found which is that the orbit oscillates between two invariant cycles. Two disconnected cardioid cycles also appear, which makes one, two, three, four, etc. turns happen before closure. Finally, we present a global bifurcation structure in the parameter space and exhibit the distribution of the periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic firing patterns of the coupled neuron model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two heterogeneous chaotic Rulkov neurons with electrical synapses are investigated in this paper. First, we study the ability of the second neuron to modify the dynamics of the first neuron. It is shown that when the parameters of the first neuron are located at the vicinity of the Neimark-Sacker bifurcation curves the first firing neuron can be controlled into the quiescent state when coupled with the second neuron. While the parameters of the first neuron are near the flip bifurcation curves the first firing neuron cannot be suppressed. Second, we discuss burst synchronization for two bursting neurons and two tonic spiking neurons. It is shown that two heterogeneous chaotic Rulkov neurons with tonic spiking firing cannot reach anti-phase synchronization under the inhibitory coupling, which is different from the property of nonchaotic Rulkov neurons. Finally, we show that for two bursting neurons if the coupling is strong enough then burst synchronization can be converted into spike synchronization. However, complete synchronization cannot be achieved for any strong coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because they offer direct evidence of seafloor seeps and may indicate the presence of gas hydrates, methane plumes have attracted increasing research attention. Here, we attempt to understand the seismic response of methane plumes through simulation and analysing the characteristics of the seismic scattering wave field caused by methane plumes. Through forward modelling, stochastic medium theory was used to set the random distribution of bubbles, and effective medium theory is applied to create a bubble velocity model. We then used the finite-difference method to calculate the common shot gather. To achieve true amplitude migration of methane plumes, reverse-time migration method is introduced to perform it. To study the differences in seismic response to variable methane gas content and to establish the relationship between various attribute parameters and gas content, we create five models with gradually increasing gas contents. After imaging these five models, amplitude class attributes, frequency class attributes and phase class attributes are computed from the migration section, and a theoretical model between attributes and gas content is built. Through quantitative analysis of the change of attributes as a function of gas content, we find that amplitude class attributes vary more linearly with methane gas content than do the other two attribute classes. Therefore, we conclude that amplitude class attributes have most potential application for inversion of gas content in further exploration of bubble plumes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The problems of detection, identification and tracking of moving target under the condition of moving camera are quite difficult in the application of computer vision. This paper proposes two different methods to the detection of moving target in the light of the size of the object. One approach integrates the image-interpolation technique and the active contour model, the other unites the image-interpolation technique, the modified local entropy algorithm and the region growing skill. The introduction of the image-interpolation technique is to estimate the global motion, i.e. background motion. The active contour model or the modified local entropy algorithm and region growing skill act upon the difference image, and then detect the moving target. It is demonstrated the reasonableness and efficiency of two detection approaches through experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The detection of small targets that submerges in the homogeneous image background is a difficult problem in the design of small targets detection algorithm. The concept of local reverse entropy combining the concepts of local ntropy with reverse entropy is proposed in this paper, which is to solve that problem by enhancing small targets. The norms of local signal-to-background ratio and elapsed time are used to demonstrate the performance of local reverse ntropy map. Both quantitative analysis and qualitative comparison confirm the validity and efficiency of the resented approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The white peach scale Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) is a pest that causes significant damage to more than 221 genera of host plants in more than 112 countries. P. pentagona primarily feeds on mulberry, peach, and tea, and this leads to the loosening of the epidermis of trees, which damages nutrient and water transportation in the branches, leading to branch death. P. pentagona is native to China and Japan, and has become an invasive species all over the world. However, the potential distribution of P. pentagona remains unclear. In this study, a potential distribution map of P. pentagona was developed using current and future climate information using MaxEnt. The model indicates that Asia, Europe, South America and North America are a highly suitable habitat range for this species. The MaxEnt models for the potential distribution of P. pentagona for the 2050s and 2070s suggest that in the case of no significant increase or even decrease in the highly suitable area, the suitable area increased significantly on any future climatic scenarios. The predicted area gain in the suitable habitat is 2.82 × 107 km2, including more of Asia, such as China, Japan, and Mongolia, and also including India, Vietnam, Romania, Ukraine, Poland, Hungary, Austria, The Czech Republic, Italy, and Germany in Europe, which shows an increase of 24.5% over the current habitat on RCP8.5 emission scenarios for the 2070s. With the warming of the climate, significant expansions are predicted in the suitable area, especially in Europe and East Asia. Under RCP8.5 for the 2050s, the model-predicted that the area of suitable habitat in China and the Korean Peninsula gains an increase of 18.8% over the current suitable habitat area. Under other climate scenarios, RCP8.5-2070s, the suitable areas were the largest, compared to projection for the current climate scenario (ca. 24.1% increase) which increased to 7.89 × 106 km2. In Europe, under RCP8.5 for the 2070s, the highly suitable areas were the largest, compared to the projection for the current climate scenario (ca. 46.2% increase), which increased to 8.64 × 105 km2, the area of suitable habitat suitability increased to 4.99 × 106 km2 (29.2% increase of the current condition). Potential increases or decreases in distribution ranges were modeled under future climatic scenarios. This study suggests that the most important factor that influenced current distribution of this pest was temperature, and BIO3 (isothermality) was the most important factor that contributed to 48.6% of the potential distribution map. Given the rapid spread of P. pentagona and the serious risk this species poses to local ecosystems, warning modelling and practical strategies to prevent the establishment and expansion of this species should be sought. This distribution map will help governments to identify areas that are suitable for current and future infestations, and to optimize pest management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]