6 results on '"Chew, K Y"'
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2. Algebraic representation of Three Qubit Quantum Circuit Problems.
- Author
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Chew, K. Y., Shah, N. M., and Chan, K. T.
- Subjects
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LIE groups , *LIE algebras , *PAULI matrices , *QUANTUM computing , *QUANTUM states , *QUANTUM groups , *QUANTUM gates - Abstract
The evolution of quantum states serves as good fundamental studies in understanding the quantum information systems which finally lead to the research on quantum computation. To carry out such a study, mathematical tools such as the Lie group and their associated Lie algebra is of great importance. In this study, the Lie algebra of su(8) is represented in a tensor product operation between three Pauli matrices. This can be realized by constructing the generalized Gell-Mann matrices and comparing them to the Pauli bases. It is shown that there is a one-to-one correlation of the Gell-Mann matrices with the Pauli basis which resembled the change of coordinates. Together with the commutator relations and the frequency analysis of the structure constant via the algebra, the Lie bracket operation will be highlighted providing insight into relating quantum circuit model with Lie Algebra. These are particularly useful when dealing with three-qubit quantum circuit problems which involve quantum gates that is derived from the SU(8) Lie group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. High resolution front-side visualization of charge stored in EEPROM with scanning nonlinear dielectric microscopy (SNDM).
- Author
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Zeng, X M, Liu, Q, Tay, J Y, Chew, K Y, Cheah, J, and Gan, C L
- Subjects
DIELECTRICS ,VISUALIZATION ,MICROSCOPY ,CELL anatomy - Abstract
By exposing floating gates of EEPROM memory cells with frontside sample preparation, scanning nonlinear dielectric microscopy (SNDM) succeeded in reading back the data stored in the memory cells with a 250 nm node size. At an optimized voltage bias of AC = 3 V and DC = 1 V, a clear signal contrast between programmed and erased cells is obtained. The high resolution SNDM signal reveals the details of bowling-pin shape structure of memory cells, providing high confidence in data assignment during forensic applications. Such high resolution also makes SNDM a promising technique for newer generation devices with smaller node size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Effects of sodium doping on phase composition and morphology of barium titanate particles.
- Author
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Chew, K. Y., Bakar, M. Abu, and Bakar, N. H. H. Abu
- Subjects
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SODIUM , *BARIUM , *TITANATES , *NANOPARTICLES , *TITANIUM oxides synthesis , *PHASE transitions , *AGGLOMERATION (Materials) , *PARTICLE size distribution - Abstract
Tetragonal barium titanate (BaTiO3) was synthesized via sol-gel method and calcined at 900 °C. The crystal phase of barium titanate still remained after doping with sodium showing that the phase had not been distorted by dopants. However, an additional phase of sodium barium titanium oxide (Na1.7Ba0.45Ti5.85O13) was detected and is believed to be formed on the surface of particles. Surface microstructures of undoped BaTiO3 show no distinct shape and high agglomeration. These preparations described the effects of different calcination duration on the composition and shape and size of BaTiO3 particles. Upon doping with sodium, the morphology of the particles becomes distinct. However, with the effect of increasing calcination duration from 2 to 6 hours, the morphology of particles progressively transformed from cube to sphere. Particles agglomeration was still unavoidable. The average size of the particles varied slightly between 0.24 - 0.36 μm with narrow size distribution after calcination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A dual role for SHH during phallus development in a marsupial.
- Author
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Chew KY, Pask AJ, Hickford D, Shaw G, and Renfree MB
- Subjects
- Androgens pharmacology, Animals, Body Patterning drug effects, Body Patterning genetics, Embryo, Mammalian, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental drug effects, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental physiology, Hedgehog Proteins genetics, Male, Marsupialia growth & development, Orchiectomy veterinary, Penis growth & development, Penis metabolism, Pregnancy, Hedgehog Proteins physiology, Marsupialia embryology, Penis embryology
- Abstract
The mammalian phallus arises from identical primordia in both sexes and is patterned in part by the key morphogen Sonic hedgehog (SHH). We have investigated SHH and other morphogens during phallus development in the tammar wallaby. In this marsupial, testis differentiation and androgen production occurs just after birth, but it takes a further 50-60 days before the phallus becomes sexually dimorphic. One day before birth, SHH was expressed in both sexes in the urethral epithelium. In males, there was a marked upregulation of SHH, GLI2, and AR at day 50 postpartum, a time when testicular androgen production falls. SHH, GLI2, and AR were downregulated in female pouch young treated with androstanediol from days 24-50, but not when treatments were begun at day 29, suggesting an early window of androgen sensitivity. SHH, GLI2, and AR expression in the phallus of males castrated at day 23 did not differ from controls, but there was an increase in SHH and GLI2 and a decrease in FGF8 and BMP4 expression when the animals were castrated at day 29. These results suggest that the early patterning by SHH is androgen-independent followed by an androgen-dependent window of sensitivity and a sharp rise in SHH expression after androgen withdrawal at day 50., (© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Multi-variate analysis of burns patients in the Singapore General Hospital Burns Centre (2003-2005).
- Author
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Chong SJ, Song C, Tan TW, Kusumawijaja G, and Chew KY
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Burn Units, Burns etiology, Burns microbiology, Burns mortality, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Length of Stay statistics & numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Retrospective Studies, Singapore epidemiology, Young Adult, Burns epidemiology
- Abstract
The Burns Centre at the Singapore General Hospital (SGH) serves as a tertiary referral centre for burns management for Singapore's 4 million residents as well as the Southeast Asia region. Our study is a multivariate analysis of all burns patients admitted between 2003 and 2005. A total of 482 patients were admitted during this period with an average annual admission of 161. This represents a low incidence of 0.04 per 1000 admissions for the Singapore population. 13.3% of the study population were children, which is lower than previous studies. The mean age at admission was 35 years old and the male:female ratio was 1.9:1. We found a significant difference in age between the local and foreign patients, with the latter being younger. Our study demonstrated a 7.3% increase in cases of occupational burns. The bulk of our patients (57.3%) were directly admitted from SGH's Accident and Emergency Department. The patient characteristics of the various referral sources were found to be very different. GP referrals had significantly lower TBSA while overseas patients had significantly higher TBSA and longer length of stay. The mean and median time to admission was 3.05 days (+/-6.26) and 0 (0-60) day, respectively and the mean and median time to surgery was 7.33 days (+/-8.18) and 5 (0-22) days, respectively. The most common cause of burns was due to scalding. The mean extent of burn (TBSA) was 13.5% (+/-18.0), with significant correlation with the social background. Length of stay was dependent on the need for surgery. The overall mortality rate in this study population was 4.5%, with inhalation injury the main aetiological factor. In addition, the mean duration of the first surgery that patients undergo was significantly longer than that of the second one. This information will be useful for estimating operation times in the future. Finally, Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common bacteria in wound cultures. There is a need for periodic reviews of wound cultures in burns patients in order to modify the preventive and therapeutic strategies against these bacteria.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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